A.P. WORLD A.P. WORLD HISTORY:HISTORY:

THEMESTHEMES

S.C.R.I.P.T.E.D.S.C.R.I.P.T.E.D.SOCIAL STRUCTURESEconomic, Social ClassesGender Roles, RelationsInequalitiesFamily, KinshipRacial, Ethnic Constructs

POLITICSNations, nationalismEmpiresForms of GovernmentRevolts, RevolutionsState-building, expansion

CULTURECulturalIntellectualArts, ArchitectureFamily, LifestylesLiteratures

TECHNOLOGYIndustryScience, Invention, InnovationPowerTransportationCommunication

RELIGIONReligionWorld ViewsPhilosophySecularism, AtheismIdeologies and “isms”

ECONOMICSIndustrializationEconomic SystemsCapitalism, SocialismBusiness OrganizationsLabor, Labor Organizations

INTERACTIONSWar, ConflictTrade, CommerceExchanges, MigrationsDiplomacy, AlliancesTransnational Organizations

DEMOGRAPHYDemography, DiseaseHuman, Environment InteractionPatterns of SettlementGeography, RegionAgriculture, Pastoralism

SOCIAL, GENDER, WORKERSSOCIAL, GENDER, WORKERS

HIERARCHIESHIERARCHIESINEQUALITIES,INEQUALITIES, ELITESELITES

CULTURAL: ARTS, CULTURAL: ARTS, INTELLECTINTELLECT

RELIGIOUS AND RELIGIOUS AND PHILOSOPHICALPHILOSOPHICAL

How does How does each each

society society view, view,

explain the explain the world?world?

INTERACTIONSINTERACTIONSWar, Diplomacy, War, Diplomacy,

ExchangesExchanges

POLITICS: POLITICS: FUNCTIONS & STRUCTURES OF STATES; FUNCTIONS & STRUCTURES OF STATES;

REVOLUTIONSREVOLUTIONS

IMPACT OF IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY

ECONOMICECONOMICS: S:

TRADE, ECONOMIC TRADE, ECONOMIC STSTEMSSTSTEMS

URBANIZATION, MIGRATION, ECOCIDEURBANIZATION, MIGRATION, ECOCIDE

DEMOGRAPHY & DEMOGRAPHY & ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT

CHANGE & CHANGE & CONTINUITYCONTINUITY

A.P. WORLD A.P. WORLD HISTORY:HISTORY:

PERIODIZATIONPERIODIZATION

WHAT IS WHAT IS PERIODIZATION?PERIODIZATION?

Each period is defined by specific conditionsEach period is defined by specific conditions A geographical delineation that answers whereA geographical delineation that answers where

When civilization contracts, shrinks geographicallyWhen civilization contracts, shrinks geographically When civilization spreads from smaller to wider areaWhen civilization spreads from smaller to wider area

Contacts and InteractionsContacts and Interactions Increase, decrease in contacts across regionsIncrease, decrease in contacts across regions

Parallel DevelopmentsParallel Developments Whether indigenous or diffused, Whether indigenous or diffused, Shared characteristicsShared characteristics

Dates Dates Time is not best way to define a periodTime is not best way to define a period Characteristics and chronologyCharacteristics and chronology

Period may occur Period may occur At different time At different time In different regionsIn different regions

PRE-HISTORYPRE-HISTORY Two Sub-Periods of the Stone AgeTwo Sub-Periods of the Stone Age

PaleolithicPaleolithic Nomadic, hunting and gatheringNomadic, hunting and gathering Small bands led by those with specialized hunting knowledgeSmall bands led by those with specialized hunting knowledge

NeolithicNeolithic Sedentary, farming and herdingSedentary, farming and herding Semi-Nomadic: Slash/Burn (Shifting) and PastoralismSemi-Nomadic: Slash/Burn (Shifting) and Pastoralism Villages with tribal structures, families; chiefsVillages with tribal structures, families; chiefs

Geographic ComponentGeographic Component It occurred at different times in different placesIt occurred at different times in different places

Chronological ComponentChronological Component Paleolithic from 1 million to 8000 BCEPaleolithic from 1 million to 8000 BCE Neolithic from 6000 BCE to 4500 BCENeolithic from 6000 BCE to 4500 BCE

TechnologyTechnology Stone, bone and wood gave way to handicrafts, artifactsStone, bone and wood gave way to handicrafts, artifacts

ANCIENT ANCIENT PERIODPERIOD Geography: River ValleysGeography: River Valleys

From 4,500 BCE to 1,000 BCEFrom 4,500 BCE to 1,000 BCE Begins with agricultural surplusesBegins with agricultural surpluses Leads to towns, cities, changes to hierarchyLeads to towns, cities, changes to hierarchy

Generally small city-states, hereditary rulersGenerally small city-states, hereditary rulers Elite classes especially warriors, priestsElite classes especially warriors, priests

Rise of InstitutionsRise of Institutions Long lasting social patternsLong lasting social patterns Religion and GovernmentReligion and Government

Time of Technological InnovationTime of Technological Innovation Two Alternate NamesTwo Alternate Names

Hearth Civilizations, Ancient River Valley CivilizationsHearth Civilizations, Ancient River Valley Civilizations Bronze Age CivilizationsBronze Age Civilizations

Ends with rise of large, regional empiresEnds with rise of large, regional empires

CLASSICAL PERIODCLASSICAL PERIOD 1,000 BCE to 500 CE1,000 BCE to 500 CE

Iron AgeIron Age Large, regional empiresLarge, regional empires Military aristocraciesMilitary aristocracies

Integrate regionsIntegrate regions Cosmopolitan TraditionsCosmopolitan Traditions

Religions, PhilosophiesReligions, Philosophies Regional CivilizationsRegional Civilizations

China, India, SW Asia (Cuneiform), MediterraneanChina, India, SW Asia (Cuneiform), Mediterranean Mesoamerica and Andean AmericaMesoamerica and Andean America

Strong contacts between regional centersStrong contacts between regional centers Many areas outside classical civilizationsMany areas outside classical civilizations Ends with massive nomadic invasionsEnds with massive nomadic invasions

POST-CLASSICAL POST-CLASSICAL AGEAGE 66thth century CE to 1450 CE century CE to 1450 CE

Began with rise of IslamBegan with rise of Islam First trans-regional civilizationFirst trans-regional civilization Spans Eurasia and AfricaSpans Eurasia and Africa

Era of two great powers: Islam, ChinaEra of two great powers: Islam, China Ended due to Turks, Mongols, Black DeathEnded due to Turks, Mongols, Black Death

CharacteristicsCharacteristics Spread of universalizing religions, philosophiesSpread of universalizing religions, philosophies

Buddhism, Islam, ChristianityBuddhism, Islam, Christianity Saw rise of new civilization centersSaw rise of new civilization centers

Andes, Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, SE Asia, JapanAndes, Sub-Saharan Africa, Europe, SE Asia, Japan Emergence of network of global contactsEmergence of network of global contacts Ages of Faith, Aristocracy, Ages of Faith, Aristocracy, Age of Increasing Inequalities especially GenderAge of Increasing Inequalities especially Gender

EARLY MODERN ERAEARLY MODERN ERA 1450 – 1750 CE1450 – 1750 CE

Rise of gunpowder empiresRise of gunpowder empires An Age of AbsolutismAn Age of Absolutism Rise of Western EuropeRise of Western Europe Religious StrifeReligious Strife

World ShrinksWorld Shrinks All continents included in world networkAll continents included in world network Global trade develops for first timeGlobal trade develops for first time

Great exchangesGreat exchanges Goods, products, flora, fauna, people, germsGoods, products, flora, fauna, people, germs Ideas especially European, ChristianityIdeas especially European, Christianity

Demographic Shifts in Americas, EurasiaDemographic Shifts in Americas, Eurasia

MODERN AGEMODERN AGE 1750 to 1914: “The West and the Rest”1750 to 1914: “The West and the Rest”

Era of massive technological changeEra of massive technological change Era of many revolutionsEra of many revolutions

TechnologicalTechnological PoliticalPolitical SocialSocial Intellectual, ArtisticIntellectual, Artistic

Vast trade networksVast trade networks Western Global HegemonyWestern Global Hegemony

Great Britain, France, Germany, RussiaGreat Britain, France, Germany, Russia USA, Japan are newest powersUSA, Japan are newest powers

Dominance of Western CultureDominance of Western Culture ResistanceResistance Modernization, Industrialization, Westernization?Modernization, Industrialization, Westernization?

Demographic shift; urbanizationDemographic shift; urbanization

CONTEMPORARY CONTEMPORARY ERAERA 1914 to Present “Change, Change, Change”1914 to Present “Change, Change, Change”

1914 – 1945: Europe’s Twilight1914 – 1945: Europe’s Twilight 1945 – Present: Atomic Age 1945 – Present: Atomic Age

The American Century, Retreat of EuropeThe American Century, Retreat of Europe Rise of Pacific Rim, IndiaRise of Pacific Rim, India Collapse of European empiresCollapse of European empires

Jihad vs. McWorldJihad vs. McWorld Modernization vs. westernizationModernization vs. westernization Modernization vs. traditionalismModernization vs. traditionalism Secularism vs. changeSecularism vs. change

Rise of new political formsRise of new political forms Non-State Governmental OrganizationsNon-State Governmental Organizations Supranationalism; InternationalismSupranationalism; Internationalism

Mass culture Mass culture Technology, telecommunications dominate ageTechnology, telecommunications dominate age

Demography and Environment as Major ConcernsDemography and Environment as Major Concerns