Chapter 1 Key Issues – This is Geography

The Goal: The goal of Key Issues is to build understanding of the text, generate a study guide for later use, and increase retention or memory of what we learn in class and what you read at home. This will make your time spent working on AP Human Geo more efficient and effective. This assignment is designed using research-based best practice for reaching the goal.

AP Human Geography Enduring Understandings for This Unit Enduring Understandings: Geography, as a field of inquiry, looks at the world from a spatial perspective. : Geography offers a set of concepts, skills, and tools that facilitate critical thinking and problem solving. : Knowledge of the geographic patterns and characteristics of human population facilitates understanding of cultural, political, economic, and urban systems. : Geospatial technologies increase capability for gathering and analyzing geographic

information. : Field experiences continue to be important means gathering geographic information

and data. Key Issue 1 – Why is Geography a Science? Pages 4-13 Write the Learning Outcome 1.1.1.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary (main ideas and definitions): Introducing Geography Summary (be sure to include all bolded vocabulary): Pause & Reflect 1.1.1. What are the principal connections from your hometown to other places?

Cartography: The Science of Mapmaking Write the Learning Outcome 1.1.2.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary (be sure to include the terms map and cartography):

Ancient Greek Contribution to Cartography

Ancient Chinese Contributions to Cartography

Muslim Contributions to Cartography

European Contributions to Cartography

Pause & Reflect 1.1.2. What is one main difference between the world maps of Ptolemy (Figure 1-7) and of Ortelius (Figure 1-9)? Contemporary Geography Tools Write the Learning Outcome 1.1.3.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary (be sure to include GPS and Geotagging): Analyzing Data: GI Science: Summary (include all bold vocabulary)

Collecting And Sharing Data: VGI Summary (include mashup) Pause & Reflect 1.1.3. State a question you have about the area where you live. Describe a mashup you could create using GIS that would answer your question. Interpreting Maps Write the Learning Outcome 1.1.4.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ What two decisions must a cartographer make to make any map? Map Scale (one of the most important concepts in AP Human Geo). Summary (be sure to include all three types and give an example): Projection Summary (be sure to include all four types of distortion) Pause & Reflect 1.1.4. Compare the sizes of Greenland to South America on the three maps in Figure 1-13. Which of the two landmasses is actually larger? How do you know?

The Geographic Grid Write the Learning Outcome 1.1.5.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Latitude and Longitude Summary: Telling Time Summary: Pause & Reflect 1.1.4. Where in the world, other than Newfoundland is standard time on the half-hour rather than the hour? Why might that country prefer not to be on the hour? Check-In Key Issue 1 Why Is Geography a Science? List the two biggest “take-aways” you have from this key issue. Key Issue 2 – Why Is Each Point On Earth Unique? Page 14-19 Write the Learning Outcome 1.2.1.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary: Place: A Unique Location Summary: Place Names: Summary (include toponym):

Pause & Reflect 1.2.1. What is the origin of the toponym of your hometown? Site (one of the most important concepts in AP Human Geography) Summary: Situation (one of the most important concepts in AP Human Geography) Summary: Region: A Unique Area Write the Learning Outcome 1.2.2.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary (be sure to include “cultural landscape”): Formal Region Summary (include an example): Functional Region: Summary (include an example): Vernacular Region: Summary (include an example): Pause & Reflect 1.2.2. What environmental and cultural features might help to define the region of the U.S. Midwest? Culture Regions Write the Learning Outcome 1.2.3.: _____________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary (be sure to define culture): Culture: What People Care About Summary: Culture: What People Take Care Of Summary: Pause & Reflect 1.2.3. Describe the differences that you see between the U.S. and South Africa suburbs in Figure 1-23. Spatial Association Summary (how is spatial association demonstrated in Baltimore?): Check-In Key Issue 2 Why Is Each Point On Earth Unique List the two biggest “take-aways” you have from this key issue? Key Issue 3 – Why Are Different Places Similar? Pages 20-31 Write the Learning Outcome 1.3.1.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary: Scale Global and Local Summary (be sure to include globalization):

Economic Globalization and Local Diversity: Summary (be sure to include transnational corporation): Cultural Globalization and Local Diversity Summary: Pause & Reflect 1.3.1. Give examples of changes in the economy and culture occurring at global and local scales. Space: Distribution of Features Write the Learning Outcome 1.3.2.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary:

Distribution Properties Density Concentration Pattern

Summary of the property and an example.

Land Ordinance of 1785:

Space: Cultural Identity Write the Learning Outcome 1.3.3.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________

Cultural Identity and Distribution Across Space: Distribution by Ethnicity: Summary: Distribution by Sexual Orientation Summary: Distribution by Gender Summary: Space: Inequality Write the Learning Outcome 1.3.4.: ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary: Cultural Identity and Contemporary Geographic Thought

Type of Geography Poststructuralist Humanistic Behavioral

Summary

Unequal Access: Summary Pause & Reflect 1.3.4. How does the region where you live compare in the percentage of children in poverty? Connections: Diffusion Write the Learning Outcome 1.3.5.: ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary (be sure to include definitions for Assimilation, Acculturation, and Syncretism):

Diffusion Summary (be sure to include hearth): Relocation Diffusion Summary: Expansion Diffusion:

Type of Expansion Hierarchical Diffusion Contagious Diffusion Stimulus Diffusion

Summary:

Pause & Reflect 1.3.5. U.S. coins are minted in either Denver or Philadelphia. Take a look at your coins. Do you have more from the mint closer to you? Connections: Spatial Interaction Write the Learning Outcome 1.3.6.: ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary (be sure to included bolded words): Pause & Reflect 1.3.6. Is your nearest airport a hub? If not, to what hub do most flights go from your nearest airport? Check-In Key Issue 3 Why Are Different Places Similar? List the two biggest “take-aways” you have from this key issue? Key Issue 4– Why Are Some Actions Not Sustainable? Page 32-40 Write the Learning Outcome 1.4.1.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary:

Geography, Sustainability, and Resources Summary (included bolded vocabulary): Three Pillars of Sustainability Summary: The Environment Pillar Summary: The Society Pillar Summary: The Economy Pillar Summary: Sustainability’s Critics Summary: Pause & Reflect 1.4.1. What do you think might be the reaction of the men in Figure 1-46b to tourists such as those in Figure 1-46c? Sustainability and Earth’s Physical Systems Write the Learning Outcome 1.4.2.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary:

Abiotic Systems Atmosphere Hydrosphere Lithosphere

Summary:

Pause & Reflect 1.4.2. Why would maps of Earth’s hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere be important in the quest for sustainability? Geography, Sustainability, and Ecology Write the Learning Outcome 1.4.3.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary: Ecology And The Biosphere Summary: Cultural Ecology: Integrating Culture and Ecology (one of the most important concepts in AP Human Geo) Summary:

Environmental Determinism Possibilism

Possibilism and Sustainability Summary: Pause & Reflect 1.4.3. How might a bird interact with each of the four spheres? Sustainability Environmental Change Write the Learning Outcome 1.4.4.: _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________ Summary: Sustainable Ecosystem: The Netherlands Summary: Unstainable Ecosystem: California Summary: Pause & Reflect 1.4.4. Which is better positioned to face future threats to sustainability, the Netherlands or California? Why? Sustainability & Our Environment: The Everglades Summary: Check-In Key Issue 4 Why Are Some Actions Not Sustainable? List the two biggest “take-aways” you have from this key issue?