ap chemistry chapter 3 and 4 jeopardy jennie l. borders

AP ChemistryAP ChemistryChapter 3 and 4 JeopardyChapter 3 and 4 Jeopardy

Jennie L. BordersJennie L. Borders

Round 1 – Chapter 3 Round 1 – Chapter 3

Chemical Chemical ReactionsReactions

Reactions/ Reactions/ Balancing Balancing Equations Equations

Molar Molar Mass and Mass and % Mass% Mass

Empirical/ Empirical/ Molecular Molecular FormulasFormulas

StoichiometryStoichiometryLimiting Limiting

Reagents/Reagents/% Yield% Yield

100 100 100 100 100 100

200 200 200 200 200 200

300 300 300 300 300 300

400 400 400 400 400 400

500 500 500 500 500 500

Round 2 – Chapter 4 Round 2 – Chapter 4

Click to go to Round 2Click to go to Round 2

Chemical Reactions 100Chemical Reactions 100

In a chemical reaction, what are the In a chemical reaction, what are the substances to the left of the yield substances to the left of the yield sign and what are the substances sign and what are the substances

to the right of the yield sign?to the right of the yield sign?

Reactants Reactants Products Products


What is the difference in a What is the difference in a subscript, a superscript, and a subscript, a superscript, and a

coefficient?coefficient?

33SOSO442-2-

33 = coefficient = coefficient44 = subscript = subscript

2-2- = superscript = superscript

Chemical Reactions 300Chemical Reactions 300What are the abbreviations for the What are the abbreviations for the

states of matter encountered in states of matter encountered in chemical reactions?chemical reactions?

(s) = solid(s) = solid(l) = liquid(l) = liquid(g) = gas(g) = gas

(aq) = aqueous(aq) = aqueous


What is a catalyst and where is it What is a catalyst and where is it written in a chemical equation?written in a chemical equation?

A catalyst is a substance that A catalyst is a substance that speeds up a reaction but is not speeds up a reaction but is not

consumed in the reaction. A consumed in the reaction. A catalyst is written above the yield catalyst is written above the yield

sign.sign.


When heat is added as a catalyst, When heat is added as a catalyst, what is written above the yield what is written above the yield

sign?sign?

Reactions/Balanced Reactions/Balanced Equations 100Equations 100

Balance the following equation and Balance the following equation and tell the type of reaction.tell the type of reaction.

CC55HH1010OO2(l)2(l) + O + O2(g) 2(g) CO CO2(g) 2(g) + H+ H22OO(g)(g)

22CC55HH1010OO2(l)2(l) + + 1313OO2(g) 2(g) 1010COCO2(g) 2(g) + +

1010HH22OO(g)(g)

Combustion reactionCombustion reaction


Balance the following equation and Balance the following equation and tell the type of reaction.tell the type of reaction.

MgMg33NN2(s) 2(s) + H+ H22SOSO4(aq) 4(aq) MgSO MgSO4(aq) 4(aq) + +

(NH(NH44))22SOSO4(aq)4(aq)

MgMg33NN2(s) 2(s) + + 44HH22SOSO4(aq) 4(aq) 33MgSOMgSO4(aq) 4(aq) + +

(NH(NH44))22SOSO4(aq)4(aq)

Double displacementDouble displacement


Write the balanced equation and Write the balanced equation and type of reaction: Zinc metal reacts type of reaction: Zinc metal reacts

with sulfuric acid to form with sulfuric acid to form hydrogen gas and aqueous zinc hydrogen gas and aqueous zinc

sulfate.sulfate.ZnZn(s) (s) + H+ H22SOSO4(aq) 4(aq) H H2(g) 2(g) + ZnSO+ ZnSO4(aq)4(aq)

Single displacement Single displacement


Write the balanced equation: When Write the balanced equation: When liquid phosphorus trichloride is liquid phosphorus trichloride is

added to water, it reacts to form added to water, it reacts to form phosphorous acid and phosphorous acid and

hydrochloric acid.hydrochloric acid.

PClPCl3(l) 3(l) + 3H+ 3H22OO(l) (l) H H33POPO3(aq) 3(aq) + 3HCl+ 3HCl(aq)(aq)


Write the balanced equation and reaction Write the balanced equation and reaction type: When hydrogen sulfide gas is type: When hydrogen sulfide gas is

passed over solid hot iron(III)hydroxide, passed over solid hot iron(III)hydroxide, the resultant reaction produces solid the resultant reaction produces solid

iron(III)sulfide and water vapor. iron(III)sulfide and water vapor.

3H3H22SS(g) (g) + 2Fe(OH)+ 2Fe(OH)3(s) 3(s) Fe Fe22SS3(s) 3(s) + +

6H6H22OO(g)(g)

Double DisplacementDouble Displacement

Molar Mass and % Mass 100Molar Mass and % Mass 100

Calculate the molar mass of Calculate the molar mass of potassium permanganate.potassium permanganate.

KMnOKMnO44 = 158 g/mol = 158 g/mol


Calculate the molar mass of Calculate the molar mass of chromium(III)sulfate.chromium(III)sulfate.

CrCr22(SO(SO44))33 = 392.3 g/mol = 392.3 g/mol


Calculate the % by mass of oxygen Calculate the % by mass of oxygen in morphine, Cin morphine, C1717HH1919NONO33..

16.84% O16.84% O


Calculate the % by mass of carbon Calculate the % by mass of carbon in codeine, Cin codeine, C1818HH2121NONO33..

77.42% C77.42% C


Calculate the % by mass of each Calculate the % by mass of each element in cocaine, Celement in cocaine, C1717HH2121NONO44..

67.33% C67.33% C6.93% H6.93% H4.62% N4.62% N

21.12% O21.12% O

Empirical/Molecular Formulas Empirical/Molecular Formulas 100 100

What is the molecular formula of a What is the molecular formula of a compound with an empirical formula compound with an empirical formula

of CHof CH22 and a molar mass of 84 g/mol. and a molar mass of 84 g/mol.

CC66HH1212

Empirical/Molecular Formulas Empirical/Molecular Formulas 200200

Give the empirical formula of a Give the empirical formula of a compound if a sample contains compound if a sample contains

11.66g Fe and 5.01g O.11.66g Fe and 5.01g O.

FeFe22OO33


Determine the empirical formula of a Determine the empirical formula of a compound that is 21.7% C, 9.6% O, compound that is 21.7% C, 9.6% O,

and 68.7% F.and 68.7% F.

CC33OFOF66


Determine the empirical formula of a Determine the empirical formula of a compound that is 32.79% Na, 13.02% compound that is 32.79% Na, 13.02%

Al, and 54.19% F.Al, and 54.19% F.

NaNa33AlFAlF66


Caffeine contains 49.5% C, 5.15%H, Caffeine contains 49.5% C, 5.15%H, 28.9% N, and 16.5%O by mass and 28.9% N, and 16.5%O by mass and

has a molar mass of 195 g/mol. has a molar mass of 195 g/mol. Determine the molecular formula for Determine the molecular formula for

caffeine.caffeine.

CC88HH1010NN44OO22

Stoichiometry 100Stoichiometry 100

Calculate the number of N atoms in Calculate the number of N atoms in 0.410 mol NH0.410 mol NH33..

2.27 x 102.27 x 102323 N atoms N atoms


How many moles of chloride ions are How many moles of chloride ions are in 0.2250g of aluminum chloride?in 0.2250g of aluminum chloride?

5.737 x 105.737 x 10-3-3 mol Cl mol Cl--


How many moles of HF are needed How many moles of HF are needed to react with 0.300 mol of to react with 0.300 mol of

NaNa22SiOSiO33??

NaNa22SiOSiO3(s)3(s) + 8HF + 8HF(aq)(aq) H H22SiFSiF6(aq)6(aq) + +

2NaF2NaF(aq)(aq) + 3H + 3H22OO(l)(l)

2.40 mol HF2.40 mol HF


How many grams of NaNHow many grams of NaN33 are are

required to form 10.0g of nitrogen required to form 10.0g of nitrogen gas?gas?

2NaN2NaN3(s)3(s) 2Na 2Na(s)(s) + 3N + 3N2(g)2(g)

15.5 g NaN15.5 g NaN33


How many grams of NaNHow many grams of NaN33 are are

required to produce 10.0 ftrequired to produce 10.0 ft33 of of nitrogen gas, about the size of an nitrogen gas, about the size of an automotive air bag, if the gas has automotive air bag, if the gas has

a density of 1.25 g/L.a density of 1.25 g/L.

2NaN2NaN3(s)3(s) 2Na 2Na(s)(s) + 3N + 3N2(g)2(g)

548g NaN548g NaN33

Limiting Reagent/ % Yield Limiting Reagent/ % Yield 100100

What is the percent yield of What is the percent yield of bromobenzene when 30.0g of bromobenzene when 30.0g of benzene reacts with 65.0g of benzene reacts with 65.0g of

bromine and 42.3g of bromine and 42.3g of bromobenzene is produced?bromobenzene is produced?

CC66HH66 + Br + Br22 C C66HH55Br + HBrBr + HBr

70.1%70.1%


How many moles of NaHow many moles of Na22COCO33 can be can be

produced when 1.85 mol NaOH and produced when 1.85 mol NaOH and 1.00 mol CO1.00 mol CO22 are allowed to react? are allowed to react?

How many moles of excess reactant How many moles of excess reactant remain?remain?

2NaOH2NaOH(s)(s) + CO + CO2(g)2(g) Na Na22COCO3(s)3(s) + H + H22OO(l)(l)

0.925 mol Na0.925 mol Na22COCO33

0.075 mol CO0.075 mol CO22 remain remain


How many grams of carbon dioxide form How many grams of carbon dioxide form when 1.00g sodium bicarbonate and when 1.00g sodium bicarbonate and 1.00g citric acid are allowed to react. 1.00g citric acid are allowed to react. How many grams of excess reagent How many grams of excess reagent

remain?remain?

3NaHCO3NaHCO3(aq)3(aq) + H + H33CC66HH55OO7(aq)7(aq) 3CO 3CO2(g)2(g) + +

3H3H22OO(l)(l) + Na + Na33CC66HH55OO7(aq)7(aq)

0.524g CO0.524g CO22

0.238g citric acid remain0.238g citric acid remain

Limiting Reagent/ % Yield 400Limiting Reagent/ % Yield 400A solution containing 3.50g sodium carbonate A solution containing 3.50g sodium carbonate

is mixed with one containing 5.00g silver is mixed with one containing 5.00g silver nitrate to form solid silver carbonate and a nitrate to form solid silver carbonate and a

solution of sodium nitrate. How many solution of sodium nitrate. How many grams of sodium carbonate, silver nitrate, grams of sodium carbonate, silver nitrate, silver carbonate, and sodium nitrate are silver carbonate, and sodium nitrate are present after the reaction is complete?present after the reaction is complete?

NaNa22COCO3(aq)3(aq) + 2AgNO + 2AgNO3(aq)3(aq) Ag Ag22COCO3(s)3(s) + +

2NaNO2NaNO3(aq)3(aq)

0g AgNO0g AgNO33; 1.94g Na; 1.94g Na22COCO33; 4.06g ; 4.06g

AgAg22COCO33; 2.50g NaNO; 2.50g NaNO33


If you started with 30.0g HIf you started with 30.0g H22S and S and

50.0g O50.0g O22, how many grams of S, how many grams of S88

would be produced in a 98% yield?would be produced in a 98% yield?

8H8H22SS(g)(g) + 4O + 4O2(g)2(g) S S8(l)8(l) + 8H + 8H22OO(g)(g)

28g S28g S88

VocabularyVocabularySolutions Solutions

and and ElectrolytesElectrolytes

PrecipitatesPrecipitatesAcid-Base Acid-Base ReactionsReactions

Oxidation-Oxidation-Reduction Reduction ReactionsReactions

ConcentrationConcentration

andand

StoichiometryStoichiometry

200 200 200 200 200 200

400 400 400 400 400 400

600 600 600 600 600 600

800 800 800 800 800 800

1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000

Vocabulary 200Vocabulary 200

What are the definitions of an acid What are the definitions of an acid and a base?and a base?

An acid produces HAn acid produces H++ ions in ions in solution (proton donor).solution (proton donor).

A base produces OHA base produces OH-- ions in ions in solution (proton acceptor).solution (proton acceptor).


Define solute, solvent, and solution.Define solute, solvent, and solution.

A solute is a substance that has A solute is a substance that has been dissolved.been dissolved.

A solvent is the dissolving A solvent is the dissolving medium of a solution and is medium of a solution and is

present in the greatest amount.present in the greatest amount.A solution is a homogeneous A solution is a homogeneous

mixture.mixture.


What is the difference in oxidation What is the difference in oxidation and reduction?and reduction?

Oxidation is the loss of Oxidation is the loss of electrons.electrons.

Reduction is the gain of Reduction is the gain of electrons.electrons.


What is the difference in a complete What is the difference in a complete ionic equation, a net ionic ionic equation, a net ionic

equation, and spectator ions?equation, and spectator ions?

A complete ionic equation shows all A complete ionic equation shows all aqueous substances as ions.aqueous substances as ions.

A net ionic equation shows only the A net ionic equation shows only the substances or ions that actually react.substances or ions that actually react.

A spectator ion is an ion that is not A spectator ion is an ion that is not directly involved in the reaction.directly involved in the reaction.


What is the difference in the What is the difference in the equivalence point and the end equivalence point and the end

point of a titration?point of a titration?

The equivalence point is when The equivalence point is when the molarity of Hthe molarity of H++ and OH and OH-- ions ions

are equal.are equal.The end point is when the The end point is when the indicator changes colors.indicator changes colors.

Solutions and Electrolytes Solutions and Electrolytes 200200

What is the difference in a strong What is the difference in a strong electrolyte, weak electrolyte, and a electrolyte, weak electrolyte, and a

nonelectrolyte? nonelectrolyte?

A strong electrolyte fully breaks into ions.A strong electrolyte fully breaks into ions.A weak electrolyte partially breaks into A weak electrolyte partially breaks into

ions.ions.A nonelectrolyte does not break into ions.A nonelectrolyte does not break into ions.


You are presented with three white You are presented with three white solids, A, B, and C, which are solids, A, B, and C, which are

glucose, NaOH, and AgBr. Solid A glucose, NaOH, and AgBr. Solid A dissolves in water to form a dissolves in water to form a conducting solution. B is not conducting solution. B is not

soluble in water. C dissolves in soluble in water. C dissolves in water to form a nonconducting water to form a nonconducting solution. Identify A, B, and C.solution. Identify A, B, and C.

A = NaOH, B = AgBr, C = glucoseA = NaOH, B = AgBr, C = glucose


Specify which ions are present in Specify which ions are present in solution upon dissolving each of solution upon dissolving each of

the following substances in water:the following substances in water:

a.a. ZnClZnCl22b.b. HNOHNO33

c.c. (NH(NH44))22SOSO44

d.d. Ca(OH)Ca(OH)22

ZnZn2+2+, 2Cl, 2Cl--

HH++, NO, NO33--

2NH2NH44++, SO, SO44

2-2-

CaCa2+2+, 2OH, 2OH--


Formic acid, HCOOH, is a weak Formic acid, HCOOH, is a weak electrolyte. What solute particles electrolyte. What solute particles

are present in an aqueous solution are present in an aqueous solution of this compound? Write the of this compound? Write the

chemical equation for the chemical equation for the ionization of HCOOH.ionization of HCOOH.

HCOOH, HHCOOH, H++, COOH, COOH--

HCOOH HCOOH HH++ + COOH + COOH--


Classify each of the following substances Classify each of the following substances are nonelectrolyte, weak electrolyte, or are nonelectrolyte, weak electrolyte, or

strong electrolyte in water.strong electrolyte in water.

a.a. HH22SOSO33

b.b. CC22HH55OHOH

c.c. NHNH33

d.d. KClOKClO33

e.e. Cu(NOCu(NO33))22

Weak electrolyteWeak electrolyteNonelectrolyteNonelectrolyte

Weak electrolyteWeak electrolyteStrong electrolyteStrong electrolyteStrong electrolyteStrong electrolyte

Precipitates 200Precipitates 200

Predict whether each of the following Predict whether each of the following compounds is soluble or insoluble compounds is soluble or insoluble

in water:in water:

a.a. NiClNiCl22

b.b. AgAg22SS

c.c. CsCs33POPO44

SolubleSolubleInsolubleInsolubleSolubleSoluble


Will precipitation occur when NaWill precipitation occur when Na22COCO33

and AgNOand AgNO33 are mixed? If so, write are mixed? If so, write

a balanced equation for the a balanced equation for the reaction.reaction.Yes.Yes.

NaNa22COCO3(aq)3(aq) + 2AgNO + 2AgNO3(aq)3(aq)

AgAg22COCO3(aq)3(aq) + 2NaNO + 2NaNO3(aq)3(aq)


Name the spectator ions that are Name the spectator ions that are present when solutions of present when solutions of

Pb(NOPb(NO33))22 and Na and Na22S are mixed.S are mixed.

NONO33-- and Na and Na++


Separate samples of a solution of an Separate samples of a solution of an unknown salt are treated with unknown salt are treated with

dilute solutions of HBr, Hdilute solutions of HBr, H22SOSO44, and , and NaOH. A precipatate forms in all NaOH. A precipatate forms in all

three cases. Which of the following three cases. Which of the following cations could the solution contain: cations could the solution contain:

KK++, Pb, Pb2+2+, Ba, Ba2+2+??

PbPb2+2+

Precipitates 1000Precipitates 1000An unlabeled bottle contains a solution of An unlabeled bottle contains a solution of

one of the following: AgNOone of the following: AgNO33, CaCl, CaCl22, or , or AlAl22(SO(SO44))33. A friend suggests that you . A friend suggests that you

test a portion of the solution with test a portion of the solution with Ba(NOBa(NO33))22 and then with NaCl solutions. and then with NaCl solutions. Explain how these two tests together Explain how these two tests together

would be sufficient to determine which would be sufficient to determine which salt is present in the solution.salt is present in the solution.

Ba(NOBa(NO33))22 would form a precipitate with would form a precipitate with

AlAl22(SO(SO44))33. NaCl would form a precipitate . NaCl would form a precipitate

with AgNOwith AgNO33. CaCl. CaCl22 would not form a would not form a

precipitate with either solution.precipitate with either solution.

Acid-Base Reactions 200Acid-Base Reactions 200

ExplainExplain which of the following solutions which of the following solutions has the largest concentration of has the largest concentration of

solvated protons:solvated protons:

a.a. 0.2M LiOH0.2M LiOH

b.b. 0.2M HI0.2M HI

c.c. 1.0M CH1.0M CH33OHOH

0.2M HI – that is the only one that 0.2M HI – that is the only one that dissociates to form Hdissociates to form H++..


Label the following substances are Label the following substances are strong or weak acid, strong or strong or weak acid, strong or

weak base, a salt, or none.weak base, a salt, or none.

a.a. HFHF

b.b. CHCH33CNCN

c.c. NaClONaClO44

d.d. Ba(OH)Ba(OH)22

Weak acidWeak acidNoneNoneSaltSalt

Strong baseStrong base


Complete and balance the following Complete and balance the following molecular equation, and then write molecular equation, and then write

the net ionic equation:the net ionic equation:

HBrHBr(aq)(aq) + Ca(OH) + Ca(OH)2(aq)2(aq)

2HBr2HBr(aq)(aq) + Ca(OH) + Ca(OH)2(aq) 2(aq) 2H 2H22OO(l)(l) + +

CaBrCaBr2(aq)2(aq)

Net ionic equation:Net ionic equation:HH++

(aq)(aq) + OH + OH--(aq)(aq) H H22OO(l)(l)


Complete and balance the following Complete and balance the following molecular equation, and then write molecular equation, and then write

the net ionic equation:the net ionic equation:

Cu(OH)Cu(OH)2(s)2(s) + HClO + HClO4(aq)4(aq)

Cu(OH)Cu(OH)2(s)2(s) + 2HClO + 2HClO4(aq)4(aq) 2H 2H22OO(l)(l) + +

Cu(ClOCu(ClO44))2(aq)2(aq)

Net ionic equation:Net ionic equation:Cu(OH)Cu(OH)2(s)2(s) + 2H + 2H++

(aq)(aq) H H22OO(l)(l) + Cu + Cu2+2+(aq)(aq)

Acid-Base Reactions 1000Acid-Base Reactions 1000Write the molecular and net ionic Write the molecular and net ionic

equation when solid magnesium equation when solid magnesium carbonate reacts with an aqueous carbonate reacts with an aqueous

solution of perchloric acid.solution of perchloric acid.

MgCOMgCO3(s)3(s) + 2HClO + 2HClO4(aq)4(aq) H H22OO(l)(l) + +

COCO2(g)2(g) + Mg(ClO + Mg(ClO44))2(aq)2(aq)

Net ionic equation:Net ionic equation:MgCOMgCO3(s)3(s) + 2H + 2H++

(aq)(aq) H H22OO(l)(l) + +

COCO2(g)2(g) + Mg + Mg2+2+(aq)(aq)

Oxidation-Reduction Oxidation-Reduction Reactions 200Reactions 200

Determine the oxidation numbers for Determine the oxidation numbers for each element in MnOeach element in MnO44

--..

Mn = +7Mn = +7O = -2O = -2


Which element is oxidized and which Which element is oxidized and which element is reduced in the following element is reduced in the following

reaction:reaction:

3Fe(NO3Fe(NO33))2(aq)2(aq) + 2Al + 2Al(s)(s) 3Fe 3Fe(s)(s) + +

2Al(NO2Al(NO33))3(aq)3(aq)

Oxidized = AlOxidized = AlReduced = FeReduced = Fe


Which element is oxidized and which Which element is oxidized and which element is reduced in the following element is reduced in the following

reaction:reaction:

PbSPbS(s)(s) + 4H + 4H22OO2(aq)2(aq) PbSO PbSO4(s)4(s) + 4H + 4H22OO(l)(l)

Oxidized = SOxidized = SReduced = OReduced = O


Write the balanced equation for the Write the balanced equation for the following reactions. If no reaction following reactions. If no reaction

occurs, then write NR.occurs, then write NR.a.a. Iron metal is added to a copper (II) Iron metal is added to a copper (II)

nitrate solution.nitrate solution.

b.b. Zinc metal is added to a solution of Zinc metal is added to a solution of magnesium sulfate.magnesium sulfate.

FeFe(s)(s) + Cu(NO + Cu(NO33))2(aq)2(aq) Cu Cu(s)(s) + Fe(NO + Fe(NO33))2(aq)2(aq)

NRNR


Write the balanced molecular and net ionic Write the balanced molecular and net ionic equations for the reaction between equations for the reaction between manganese and dilute sulfuric acid. manganese and dilute sulfuric acid.

Identify which element is reduced and Identify which element is reduced and which is oxidized.which is oxidized.

MnMn(s)(s) + H + H22SOSO4(aq)4(aq) H H2(g)2(g) + MnSO + MnSO4(aq)4(aq)

MnMn(s)(s) + 2H + 2H++(aq)(aq) H H2(g)2(g) + Mn + Mn2+2+

(aq)(aq)

Oxidized = MnOxidized = MnReduced = HReduced = H

Concentration and Concentration and Stoichiometry 200Stoichiometry 200

Calculate the molar concentration of Calculate the molar concentration of a solution containing 14.75g of a solution containing 14.75g of

calcium nitrate in 1.375L of calcium nitrate in 1.375L of solution.solution.

0.06537M Ca(NO0.06537M Ca(NO33))22


Indicate the concentration of each ion Indicate the concentration of each ion or molecule present in a mixture of or molecule present in a mixture of

45.0mL of 0.272M NaCl and 45.0mL of 0.272M NaCl and 65.0mL of 0.0247M ammonium 65.0mL of 0.0247M ammonium

carbonate. Assume that the carbonate. Assume that the volumes are additive.volumes are additive.

0.111M Na0.111M Na++, 0.111M Cl, 0.111M Cl--, , 0.0292M NH0.0292M NH44

++, 0.0146M CO, 0.0146M CO332-2-


You have a stock solution of 14.8M You have a stock solution of 14.8M NHNH33. How many milliliters of this . How many milliliters of this

solution should you dilute to make solution should you dilute to make 1000.0mL of 0.250M NH1000.0mL of 0.250M NH33??

16.9mL16.9mL


What volume of 0.115M HClOWhat volume of 0.115M HClO44

solution is needed to neutralize solution is needed to neutralize 50.00mL of 0.0875M NaOH?50.00mL of 0.0875M NaOH?

38.0mL38.0mL


If 45.3mL of 0.108M HCl solution is If 45.3mL of 0.108M HCl solution is needed to neutralize a solution of needed to neutralize a solution of KOH, how many grams of KOH KOH, how many grams of KOH must be present in the solution?must be present in the solution?

0.275g KOH0.275g KOH

ap chemistry chapter 3 and 4 jeopardy jennie l. borders

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