ap-biology final review, 1 st term. things you don’t need for the ap test names, structures, and...
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Things You DON’T Need For The AP Test
Names, structures, and effects of all plant hormones Details behind radioisotope specific dating The names and dates of extinctions No one specific behavior or physiological reproductive
isolation mechanism No one specific example of speciation or biodiversity No one specific example of major changes in an
environment Any replication enzyme that is NOT DNA polymerase,
ligase, RNA polymerase, helicase, or topoisomerase Details and enzyme names/factors in prokaryotic
transcription/translation Epistasis and pleiotropy Specific details about horizontal gene transfer Specific details about the sexual reproductive cycles of
plants or animals No specific cofactors or coenzymes
Things You DO Need For The Final
Asexual vs. Sexual reproduction
Chromosome structures Specific events in
mitosis/meiosis Sources of genetic
variation Different life plans using
diploid and haploid cells Effects of genetic disease
like sickle cell, hemophilia, etc…
Mendelian genetics, test crosses, linked genes
Complex inheritance like codominance, incomplete dominance, epitasis, sex-
linked, etc… Scientists who
experimented with DNA/Genes and what they discovered
Pedigree reading Structure of DNA Details of DNA replication Details on transcription and
translation Pre-mRNA modification Post-translation
modification Gene expression regulation Basic taxonomy concepts Cladogram formation and
usage
Things You DO Need For The Final
Intro to gene expression in zygotes
Early development Structure of the operon Difference between gene
regulation in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Hardy-Weinburg equations, calculations, and equilibrium
Population genetic concepts like balanced polymorphism, heterozygote advantage, genetic drift, gene flow, etc…
Pre-zygotic and post-zygotic isolation
mechanisms Basic understanding eras
and major periods in Earth’s history
Fossil record formation and usage
Effects of mass extinctions and changing Earth’s surface
General ideas behind systematics and phylogenetics
Ancestral vs. Derived characters traits
VOCABULARY!!!
Sample AP Exam Questions
5.3-5.4
Null= Pp x pp 0.5 Pp and 0.5 pp146/2= 73 purple and 73 white
X2 = ((87-73)2/73) +((59-73)2/73) 2.68 + 2.68 = 5.36