antonis lionarakis, hellenic open university considerations for distance learning: ‘what students...
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Considerations for Distance Learning:
‘what students learn’,
‘how they learn’ and
‘what they are able to do with their learning outcome’
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what students learn?
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how they learn?
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what they are able to do with their learning outcome?
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…is he learning?
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…are they learning?
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…are they learning?
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…can they all learn at a distance?
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Learning: the unknown labyrinth
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Considerations for Distance Learning:
‘what students learn’,
‘how they learn’ and
‘what they are able to do with their learning outcome’
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
• Books• Television• Internet • Video• Computers• DVDs• CDs• Software • Platforms etc.
They are all means which transfer and transmit information, not knowledge. They were not made as educational tools, but as tools for transferring oral and visual information. Any type of information; good or bad, right or wrong.
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• Books• Television• Internet • Video• Computers• DVDs• CDs• Software • Platforms etc.
In order to use them as and transform them into educational tools
we must define a number of preconditions, criteria, quality standards,
teaching and learning methods.
Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
• Books• Television• Internet • Video• Computers• DVDs• CDs• Software • Platforms etc.
People / students receive information from all these sources , but ‘information’ is not ‘learning’ nor ‘knowledge’. They have todo and follow a number of activities and actions in order to transform ‘information’ into ‘learning’ and ‘knowledge’.
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
A student engaged in distance learning needs to have an analytical Knowledge, from the outset of his studies, of the following:
What to do
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
What to do
Why he does itWhy he does it
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
What to do
Why he does itWhy he does it
When he has to do itWhen he has to do it
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
What to do
Why he does itWhy he does it
When he has to do itWhen he has to do it
How to do it
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
What to do
Why he does itWhy he does it
When he has to do itWhen he has to do it
How to do it
If he did it well
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
The learning material should also lead the learner
to a number of activities:
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Distance Learning Material
Distance Learning Material
Involvement of the learner / types of activities and exercises
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Distance Learning Material
Distance Learning Material
Involvement of the learner / types of activities and exercises
Utilization of existingKnowledge and experiences
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Distance Learning Material
Distance Learning Material
Involvement of the learner / types of activities and exercises
Utilization of existingKnowledge and experiences
The search forand processing ofinformation
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Distance Learning Material
Distance Learning Material
Involvement of the learner / types of activities and exercises
Utilization of existingKnowledge and experiences
The search forand processing ofinformation
Application
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Distance Learning Material
Distance Learning Material
Involvement of the learner / types of activities and exercises
Utilization of existingKnowledge and experiences
The search forand processing ofinformation
ApplicationCritical thoughtand creativity
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Distance Learning Material
Distance Learning Material
Involvement of the learner / types of activities and exercises
Utilization of existingKnowledge and experiences
The search forand processing ofinformation
ApplicationCritical thoughtand creativity
Verification andself – evaluationof knowledge andskills
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
In the process of distance learning, of any type of distance learning…
…learning is more determined by and dependent on the content
of educational material and teaching methodology,
and NOT on the kind of technology used for course delivery.
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive skills comprise a combination of information
processing tools and all the data which one processes
throughout one’s life
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
Knowledge
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
Knowledge Action
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
Knowledge Action
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
How students learn How students learn
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
Knowledge
How students learn How students learn
What students learnWhat students learn
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
Knowledge
How students learn How students learn
What students learnWhat students learn
Question ?Is this enough?
Do we want more?
Are w
e satis
fied?
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
Knowledge Action
How students learn How students learn
What students learnWhat students learn
What students areable to do withtheir learning
outcome
What students areable to do withtheir learning
outcome
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive Skills
Knowledge Action
How students learn How students learn
What students learnWhat students learn
What students areable to do withtheir learning
outcome
What students areable to do withtheir learning
outcome
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Creativity• Develop the ability to create certain new interesting conditions • To make decisions via predetermined or non – predictable tasks• To resolve problems and case studies• To observe similar activities and issues of others
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Judgment• To develop the ability to judge• To be critical and to form an assessment• To develop a documented viewpoint about the validity and usefulness of some views or theories
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Comparison• To develop the ability to compare• To approach and determine similarities and differences between two or more issues and to decide which is preferable • To support and justify a decision while simultaneously using arguments for the choice
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Contradiction• To develop the ability to bring an opposing view to those already existing so as to show up their differences• To learn to compare different viewpoints in order to recognize the right to diversity, to respect other opinions and practices • To avoid the ones limited world – view
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Description• To develop the ability to describe and provide an analytical interpretation of an issue • To learn to give an analytical account of a fact or issue by using observations
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Interpretation• To develop the ability to represent and explain an issue and, at the same time, to determine the outline for its clarification• To explain a fact or a point, but additionally, to look for the factors and causes which provoked it
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Analysis • To develop the ability to analyze an issue or a fact and, at the same time, to use explanatory and structured logic to interpret it
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Argument• To develop the ability to argue, to use theoretical and practical examples to validate one or more opinions. These examples must confirm and lead to a documented viewpoint.
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Evaluation• To develop the ability to evaluate, to consider the value, effectiveness and validity of some elements and to what extent they are true or useful
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Examination• To learn to develop the ability to examine the value of an issue. • To examine how valid or invalid it is
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Questioning• To develop the ability to question an issue in order to examine its validity• Not to accept it as correct or effective in advance or due to general acceptance
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Observation• To develop the ability to observe an issue or process so as to identify all of its dimensions, no matter how small or insignificant they are
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Oral expression and presentation• To develop the ability to orally express and present data based on what someone have learnt and to deliver them in an interesting way
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Some Basic Cognitive Skills
Problem solving• To develop the ability to solve problems and provide direct solutions to issues that come up unexpectedly
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Cognitive skills respond to the question of“how do students learn”.
They can also lead the student to knowledge and its three ingredients: • The facts• The theories • The experiences and practical applications
The third part we saw before, “what can students do with what they
have learnt”, expresses the actions, behaviors, principles,
attitudes and learning outcomes of the learners’ educational journey.
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Antonis Lionarakis, Hellenic Open University
Thank you for your attention