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Antibiotic reduction thanks

to algoteraphy

Why algae ?

Algae, a natural & renewable resource

• Traditional use

• 100% natural

• No toxicity nor ecotoxicity

• Algae are the fastest growing plants in nature

• Growth rate can go up to 30% per day !

• Algae produce 70% of earth’s oxygen

• Algae play a vital role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions

• Huge application potential for plants, animals & humans

• Still a lot to discover !

• Photosynthetic organisms living in an aquatic environment(salted or not).

• Lacking flowers, roots and seeds,

• Algae can be

• Procaryotes (no nucleus) (ie : cyanobacteria - blue green algae)

• Eucaryotes (with a nucleus)

• Microalgae : unicellular : ex Spirulina.sp

• Macroalgae : multicellular : ex Ulva.sp

• Cyanobacteria, the first photosynthetic organisms appeared 3 billion years ago

• Sizes between 0,5 µm - 70 m

Algae: Definitions

Cyanobacteriaes colonies Chroococcidiopsis

Spirulina sp.

Ulva sp.

Seaweeds : used to describe algae that are :

• Macroscopic • Eucaryote• Multicellular• Marine

Divided in three groups:• Green• Red• Brown

OLMIX group is specialized in Seeweeds

Seaweeds: Definitions

• Harvesting of wild resources remain constant while algae cultivation is growing

• Cultivation mainly of brown and red algae and aquatic plants

• Less than 20 species represent the main volume of cultivated algae

Algae: World global production

Source FAO, 2011 (productions 2009).

Harvesting vs culture(Million tons)

Type of algae culture(Million tons)

Red algae

Brown algae

Green algae

Blue algae

Variousaquatic plants

Caulerpa Ulva spCodiumUlva intestinalis

Ancestors of terrestrial plants

(1 200 million years)

~1500 species

Seaweeds varieties: Green seaweeds

Colour due to: Chlorophyll a and b

Eucheuma

Chondrus

PalmariaChondracanthus

Seaweeds varieties: Red seaweeds

Oldest group of seaweed (1 500 Million years) ~ 6500 species

Colour due to: Phycoerythrin and Phycocyanin

Gracilaria

Seaweeds varieties: Brown seaweeds

MacrocystisAscophyllum Fucus

Ectocarpus

Laminaria

Himanthalia

Recent group of seaweed (150-200 million years) ~1800 species

Colour due to: Fucoxanthin

• Same origin

• But Green, red and brown algae are as different as fungi and pigs/poultry are !

• Source of very variable compounds !

ADL et al 2012

Seaweeds : huge phylogenetic differences

Principal Marine algae components• Carbohydrates (20-70% of dry weight)

Poly-anionic and sulfated polysaccharides

Alginates, fucoidans (Brown algae)

Carraghenans and agars (Red algae)

Ulvans (Green algae)

Insoluble carbohydrates

• Proteins (1-35% of dry weight)

• Lipids (0,5-4% of dry weight)

• Minerals (10-30% of dry weight)

Iron, Iodine, Cupper, Potassium, Sodium, Calcium,

Sulfate, Magnesium, Phosphorous, Chlorine, Manganese

Numerous trace-elements.

• Pigments

Phycobiliproteins (Red algae)

Carotenoids

• Vitamins

A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, D3, E, K

• Secondary metabolites

Polyphenols, phlorotannins

Steroids

Bio

logicalactivities

Nu

trition

alactivities

Main actual uses of seaweeds

FOOD: 65% ;

COLLOIDS : 30% ;

FINE CHEMISTRY : 5%

Algal cell walls polysaccharides: Particularities

Terrestrial plants

Green algae Red algae Brown algae

Function Neutral polysaccharides

Structure Cellulose Cellulose Cellulose Cellulose

Energy Starch Starch Floridean starch Laminarin

Polyanionic polysaccharides

Carboxylated(COOH)

-Pectic acid-Pectins

Alginic acid

Sulfated

(SO3-) x Agars

CarrageenanesFucoïdans

Carboxy-sulfated x Ulvans

No sulfated polysaccharides in terrestrial plants Unicity of algae

Unique structure:• Diversity of monosaccharides units (glucose, fructose…)• Presence of rare sugars (rhamnose, fucose)• Branching: stronger biological activity• Sulfatation: unique biological activity• Structural analogies to animal sulfated polysaccharides

(heparin): unique action

Unique biological activities:• Immunomodulation• Mucin secretion stimulation• Anti-hyperlipidemic• Antioxidant

Innovative uses of MSP in animal health promotion

Algal cell walls polysaccharides: MSP/ marine sulfated polysaccharides

Future uses of seaweeds: knowledge on MSP

Plant health

• Elicitor effect on bacterial and fungal pathogens

• Biostimulant effect : Improvement of nitrogen uptake capacities

Reduction of pesticides uses

Animal health

• Immunomodulating agent

• Anti-infectious agent

• Regulator of the intestinal flora

• Gut protection effect

Reduction of antibiotic use

Human health

• Antiviral properties

• Immuno-regulation properties

• Anti-tumor properties (cancer)

• Reduction of central nervous system disorders

Reduction of chemical products use

OLMIX, expert in algae processing

Total management of

the production chain

Why Algae? Harvest Washing

Phase separation Hydrolysis

Final product

Quality control

Extraction

Characterisation

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Hayashi et al., 2003 ; Makarenkova, I.,2012

Receptors

(Example: TLR)

Epithelial

cell

3. Cell function activation

Production of :

- Cytokines (e.g: TNFα, IL-1, IL-6)

- Chemokines (e.g: CCL2, CCL20)

2. Receptor activation

4. Leucocyte activation NK, macrophages …= Innate ImmunityLymphocytes T , B…= Adaptive immunity

MSP 1. MSP binding on receptors

Destruction of the microbe

before a strong proliferation

Transcription

Signal

Transduction

Nucleus

MSP IMMUNITY: PATHWAY

From Berri et al, 2016 Chen et al, 2008; Liu et al., 1997

MSP

Adaptive Immunity

Innate Immunity

Stimulation of immune cells(i.e. -> macrophages,…)

Increase of the cytokine’s* production

*Production or recruitment vector of immune cells(i.e. -> chemokines, interferons, …)

Migration and stimulation of immune cells(i.e. -> Lymphocytes,…)

CONCLUSION:

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MSPMUCIN: MUCIN SECRETION ACTIVITY

Functions of mucin: -Lubricant-Regulates nutrient absorption-Protects the gut epithelium (anti microbial peptides)-Matrix for microbiota colonization

Structure of intestinal mucus:-Outer layer-Inner layer

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MSPMUCIN: MUCIN SECRETION ACTIVITY (Barceló et al,.)

Mucin production (ELISA): Quantitive histology (PAS staining):

A-Control group B-Ulvans group (25mg/L)

Ulvans at different concentrations (mg/L)

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When the diet doesn’t cover the needs

KREBS

FEED

C

3

MITOCHONDRIA

Glycogen

LIVER

TISSUES

NEFA

CMil

protei

n1

T

G

STEATOSI

S

VLDL

• Cholesterol

• Choline

UD

DE

R

Ketone bodies

(BHB, acetone)ENERGY

PERFORMANCE

Rumen

fermentation

SUGAR

PRECURSOR

(sorbitol)

glycerol

MSPLIPIDS

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Animal care

OLMIX Animal Care GLOBAL STRATEGY

• Animal ecosystems• External• Internal

• 5 main functionalities

Environmental hygiene

Mycotoxin risk

Digestive efficiency

Immunity

Digestive welfare

One additive ?NO ! Global solutions - Structured offer with synergies

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OLMIX group algae based product rangePLANT

CARE

HUMAN

CARE

ANIMAL

CARE

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Animal care

OLMIX unique technology• Unique patented association of

Clay (Montmorillonite) & Algae (Ulva sp).

Structural (due to specific polysaccharides)

New Algo-Clay products – Patented process & products

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Animal care Binds mycotoxinsto preserve animal’s health

Strong points• Wide action spectrum

(AFB1, OTA, ZEA, +DON, +FUM)

Gastrointestinal model (TIM1-TNO)(DON :1 ppm & FB1 : 2 ppm - dosage : 100 g/T & 1 kg/T)

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Protects digestive tract to reduce neonatal digestive problems

Return On Investment :

+ 623 € for a house of 28 000 broilers = ROI of 4:1

BROILERS Sanitary parameters

Commercial trial – France - 452 202 broilers (Ross genetic) in 8 farms with twin buildingsSeaLyt at day 1 -- Searup around vaccination

Better immune status

= Better homogeneity in antibodies titers (lower CV)

+better persistence of antibodies titers over time.

LAYING HENS Immunity parametersCommercial trial – France - 111 300 layers (Lohmann )(from entrance in the buildings (week 18) to the week 31 (14 weeks of trial). Searup At arrival (week 18) -- At 50 % of laying (week 20)Around laying peak (week 24)

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Commercial trial – France 64 Holstein dairy cows

Average milk yield: 9 900 kg/cow/year

Average lactation rank: 2.8

• Control group: 400 ml of propylene glycol/day during 5 days

after calving

• Test group: same protocol + DigestSea (80 ml/d during 5d

after calving

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THE SAGA PROGRAM: COMPREHENSIVE RANGE OF PRODUCTS USING MSP PROPERTIES

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THE SAGA PROGRAM: COMPREHENSIVE RANGE OF PRODUCTS USING MSP PROPERTIES

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THE SAGA PROGRAM: COMPREHENSIVE RANGE OF PRODUCTS USING MSP PROPERTIES

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Thanks for

your attention!

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