anthrax bacillus anthrax wes loughman adv. vet. science rugby high school rugby n.d. instructor:...
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ANTHRAXBACILLUS ANTHRAX
Wes Loughman
Adv. Vet. Science
Rugby High School
Rugby N.D.
Instructor: Randal A. Cale
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ANTHRAX
• Caused by spore-forming bacterium called Bacillus anthracis
• Anthrax is an acute,febrile disease of virtually all worm-blooded animals, including man
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ANTHRAX
• Anthrax is usually transmitted to humans secondary
• We usually get it from animals such as sheep, cattle, horses, goats, and pigs; pigs and horses rarely get anthrax
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ANTHRAX
• There are three types of anthrax– Inhalation
– Cutaneous
– Gastrointestinal
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ANTHRAX
• You can get anthrax by three ways• Touch
• Breathing spores
• Or ingesting infected products
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ANTHRAX
• The gastrointestinal is the least common do to proper cooking of meat products
• Cutaneous is the most common due to the spores are usually to large to be inhaled
• But animals can get infected consumption of infected feeds such as bone meal and meat
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ANTHRAX
• Symptoms in pigs– Bloody face– Hemorrhage from nose– Fever– Respiratory distress– Sudden death– Swelled discolored neck– Blue skin
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ANTHRAX
• Anthrax should be suspected if a sow is found dead and post-mortem
• Examination show large red lymph nodes under the skin of the neck and in the abdomen
• Discontinue immediately and veterinary help should be sought
• After bacilli have been discharged from an infected animal or exposed to free oxygen from an opened carcass, they form spores that are resistant to extremes of temp. , chemical disinfectants, and desiccation– For this reason, the carcass of an animal dead from
anthrax should not be necropsied
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ANTHRAX
• Symptoms in cattle• Sudden death• fever• Excitement followed by depression• Difficulty breathing• Uncoordinated movements• Bloody discharges
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ANTHRAX TREATMENT
• Penicillin• Tetracyclines• Amoxicillin• Chloramphenicol• Ciprofloxacin• Doxycycline• Erythromycin• Gentamicin• Streptomycin• Sulfonamides
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CONTAINMENT AND PREVENT SPREADING
• Notification of the appropriate regulatory officials• Rigid enforcement of quarantine• Prompt disposal of dead animals, manure, bedding, or other
contaminated material by cremation or deep burial• Isolation of sick animals and removal of well animals from the
contaminated areas• Disinfection of stables, pens, milking barns, and equipment used
on live stock• Use of insect repellents • Control of scavengers that feed on animals dead from the disease• Observation of general sanitary procedures by people who
contact diseased animals
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Bibliography
• Anthrax. http://www.vetmed.ucdavis.edu ,12/13/01
• Anthrax. http://www.thepigsite.com ,12/12/01
• Anthrax. http://www.tripprep.com ,12/12/01
• Anthrax. http://www.bact.wisc.edu ,12/12/01