anthrax: are you at risk?
DESCRIPTION
Anthrax: Are You at Risk?. Ann Herring-Lambert, LVT, BA, CVMN Ph.D. Student, Walden University PUBH-8165-1: Environmental Health Instructor: Dr. David Anderson Term 4, Year 1. Purpose of Presentation The General Public will be able to: Understand the cause and transmission of the disease - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Anthrax:Are You at
Risk?
Ann Herring-Lambert, LVT, BA, CVMN
Ph.D. Student, Walden University
PUBH-8165-1: Environmental HealthInstructor: Dr. David
AndersonTerm 4, Year 1
Purpose of PresentationThe General Public will be able to:
Understand the cause and transmission of the disease
Identify signs and symptoms Identify risk factors for exposure Understand prophylactic and treatment
measures Implement preventive measures Contact the appropriate authorities in the
event of potential exposure or signs and symptoms
Share and discuss information with others
OverviewDisease Agent: Bacillus anthracis
Ancient bacterial pathogen Single-celled, spore-forming
bacteria Reason for spore formation Zoonosis
Bacillus anthracis spores. Photo by Janice Haney Carr. CDC Public Health Image Library. http://www.cdc.gov
TransmissionZoonotic- Animals and
Animal Products
Soil & Water
Bioterrorism- Intentional Transmission
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
Types of Anthrax
Cutaneous (skin)
Inhalation
Gastrointestinal Bacillus anthracis bacteria. CDC Public Health Image Library. http://www.cdc.gov
Cutaneous Anthrax Contact with skin
Lesions
Prognosis
Treatment
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
Cutaneous Lesions. CDC Public Image Health Library (PHIL). www.cdc.gov
Inhalation Anthrax
Respiratory
Prognosis
Treatment
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
Lesions and edema in the lungs. CDC Public Health Image Library (PHIL). www.cdc.gov
Gastrointestinal Anthrax
Digestive tract
Prognosis
Treatment
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
Risk Factors Occupational Contact
Incidental Contact
Bioterrorism
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA/APHIS). (2009). Epizootiology and ecology of anthrax. Retrieved from http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergingissues/downloads/anthrax.pdf
Examples of Potentially At-Risk Groups
(Primarily Occupational)
Agricultural WorkersVeterinary ProfessionalsTaxidermistsLaboratory WorkersResearchersPublic Health ProfessionalsZoo/Wildlife ProfessionalsHide/Leather Industry WorkersFood Industry WorkersHunters
Animal CaretakersMilitary PersonnelGovernment/Public Servants (i.e. Postal Workers)Law Enforcement PersonnelSecurity PersonnelShipping Industry PersonnelAcademia
Prophylactic Measures
Vaccine- Available, but not to the general public
Antibiotics- Mainly used for treatment, but may be used in certain circumstances
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
Preventive Measures
Do not handle live or dead animals suspected of having anthrax
Do not consume meat or other products from animals suspected of having anthrax
Do not handle hides, hair, or wool from animals suspected of having anthrax
Do not open suspicious packages or mail
Always wash hands thoroughlyCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
Who to Contact if You Suspect Anthrax
Exposure/Infection
Health care provider Veterinarian Law enforcement Health departments State departments of
agriculture
Final Thoughts
Educate Take Precautions Contacts List Review Risk Factors Remain Calm
Additional ResourcesAmerican Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA). Frequently Asked Questions About Anthrax.http://www.avma.org/public_health/biosecurity/anthrax_faq.asp
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Emergency Preparedness and Response: Anthrax.http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). Understanding Anthrax.http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/anthrax/Pages/default.aspx
PubMed Health. Anthrax.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002301/
Additional ResourcesUnited States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA/APHIS).http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Biological Attack: The Danger.http://www.dhs.gov/files/publications/gc_1245183510280.shtm
World Health Organization (WHO). Guidance on Anthrax: Frequently Asked Questions.http://www.who.int/csr/disease/Anthrax/anthraxfaq/en/
ReferencesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2011). Emergency preparedness and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://emergency.cdc.gov/agent/anthrax/index.asp
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2008). Public Health Image Library (PHIL). Retrieved from http://phil.cdc.gov/phil/home.asp
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID). (2010). Anthrax. Retrieved from http://www.niaid.nih.gov/topics/anthrax/Pages/default.aspx
PubMed Health. (2012). Anthrax. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002301/
Shadomy, S. V., & Smith, T. L. (July 1, 2008). Zoonosis update: Anthrax. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 233(1), 63-72. Retrieved from http://www.avma.org/avmacollections/zu/javma_233_1_63.pdf
ReferencesSouthern Illinois University School of Medicine (SIU). (2010). Anthrax: Bacteriology , clinical presentations and management. Retrieved from http://www.siumed.edu/medicine/id/anthrax.htm
United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA/APHIS). (2009). Epizootiology and ecology of anthrax. Retrieved from http://www.aphis.usda.gov/animal_health/emergingissues/downloads/anthrax.pdf
United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS). (2011). Biological attack: The danger. Retrieved from http://www.dhs.gov/files/publications/gc_1245183510280.shtm
World Health Organization (WHO). (2012). Global alert and response: Anthrax. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/csr/disease/Anthrax/en/