Antarctic Penguins

Adelie PenguinPygoscelis adeliae

Height: 70cm (27.5inches)Weight: 5kg (11lb)

Breeding Season:November – February

Distribution:Antarctic continent and sub-Antarctic islands. The second most southerly breeding penguin species.

Estimated population:2.5 million breeding pairs

Adelie Pengui

n Range

Chinstrap PenguinPygoscelis antarctica

Height: 68cm (27 inches)Weight: 4.5kg (10lb)

Breeding Season:December – March

Distribution:Sub Antarctic and Antarctic islands, Antarctic Peninsula

Estimated population:5 million breeding pairs

Chinstrap

Penguin

Range

Emperor PenguinAptenodytes forsteri

Height: 1.15m (3.8ft)Weight: 30kg (66lb)

Breeding Season:April – December

Distribution:Continental Antarctica on the sea-ice, the most southerly of all species of penguins

Estimated population:200,000 breeding pairs

Emperor

Penguin

Range

Gentoo penguinPygoscelis papua

Height: 71cm (28 inches)Weight: 5.5 kg (12 lb)

Breeding Season:December – March

Distribution:Falkland islands and south to the sub-Antarctic islands, the most northerly of the 4 Antarctic species

Estimated population:320,000 breeding pairs

Gentoo Pengui

n Range

King PenguinAptenodytes patagonica

Height: 95cm (3.1 ft)Weight: 15kg (33lb)

Breeding Season:Starts in November or January, complex breeding system, early or late breeders - raise 2 chicks every 3 years

Distribution:Sub-Antarctic islands 46° to 55° SouthBiggest colony is on South Georgia

Estimated population:2 to 3.2 million breeding pairs

Macaroni PenguinEudyptes chrysolophus

Height: 68cm (27 inches)Weight: 4.5kg (10lb)

Breeding Season:December - March

Distribution:Sub-Antarctic islands especially Heard island and South Georgia

Estimated population:9 million breeding pairsMany populations are in decline

Macaroni Penguin Range

Rockhopper Penguin

Eudyptes crestatusHeight: 55cm (21.6 inches)Weight: 2.5kg (5.5lb)

Breeding Season:December – March

Distribution:Falkland islands and sub-Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic convergence

Estimated population:1.8 million breeding pairsMany populations are in decline, 40% up to 94% for certain colonies