bow-to-stern method was employed. Glacier returned andtowed the deteriorated and cracked ice wharf to sea. Scienceevents K-12 and 5-207 were supported until 12 February,when Glacier headed for Wellington via Campbell Island.Three days later, in severe weather, Glacier's LCVP (LandingCraft Vehicle Personnel) was carried away—all that re-mained was the keel. While anchored in Perseverance Har-bor on 18 February, the Campbell Island discharge andpickup of passengers was accomplished using one helicop-ter and Glacier's motor surf boat. Glacier arrived in Welling-ton on 21 February, departed on 29 February, and arrivedin Long Beach on 24 March 1980.

Resupply Ship Operations. USNS Maumee arrived in WinterQuarters Bay under escort of Polar Sea on 16 January. Thechannel transit was essentially ice-free except for small floesin the vicinity of Hut Point. Maumee discharged her cargoof petroleum products at McMurdo Station, refueled PolarSea, Northwind, and Glacier, and was ready to be towed on19 January. When Maumee took in her lines and started tomove, the hawser parted, due both to heavy strain and toriding against Glacier's flight deck stanchion. Glacier tempo-rarily grounded on the Hut Point Shoal. Four days later

another attempt was made, when Maumee and Glaciermoored to each other, bow to stern—stern to bow or "Chi-nese style." This was unsuccessful and Maumee's stern wasset down on the shoal. The decision was made to attempt abow-to-stern tow, which was successful; Maumee departedon 24 January, and arrived in Port Lyttelton, New Zealand,on 30 January 1980.

UsNs Pvt. John R. Towle moored csc Port Hueneme, Cali-fornia, on 23 December 1979, loaded cargo, and departed forPort Lyttelton on 4 January. Towle arrived Port Lyttelton on21 January, worked cargo, and departed 2 days later. On 29January Towle rendezvoused with Glacier in the Vicinity ofTent Island and was escorted through the small floes toWinter Quarters Bay. Towle completed cargo operations on6 February; however, departure was delayed until the nextday due to unfavorable winds. Towle proceeded to PortLyttelton with 113 passengers and arrived on 13 February1980.

The cargo ship operations were supported by NationalScience Foundation Interagency Agreement cA-165. Ice-breaker operations were supported by a National ScienceFoundation agreement with the U.S. Coast Guard.

Antarctic activities of Holmesand Narver, inc.

ROBERT L. Mu"Hy

Antarctic Support DivisionHolmes and Narver, Inc.Orange, California 92668

Holmes and Narver, Inc. (H&N) completed its 12th year ofproviding scientific support services to the United StatesAntarctic Research Program (usARP) during the 1979-80season. During this season H&N deployed over 200 employ-ees to the three stations and two field camps it operated, tothe McMurdo area, and on board the R/V Hero.

The winter-over season of 1979 was considered one of themost successful yet for contractor operations of South Pole,Siple, and Palmer Stations. Interpersonal relationshipsamong individuals of the H&N support crews and the scien-tific teams seemed excellent. Facilities were maintained inaccordance with the scheduled preventive maintenanceprogram and turned over to the incoming teams in gener-ally better condition than when the winter had begun.

The winter fly-in period (wINRY) crew deployed by H&N

in the McMurdo area was the largest ever provided by acontractor organization in Antarctica. This crew of 46 crafts-people and support personnel not only provided assistanceto the science activities while preparing facilities to receivethe main deployment, but also rushed completion of two

new 50-person dormitories begun the season before, in aneffort to provide increased and improved housing. Con-struction of the new Williams Field complex, adjacent toMcMurdo Station, was reactivated during wINflx, andmodifications to the Naval Support Force Antarctica mete-orology area was begun to prepare for a new computer.

Early in the season a new camp was constructed in theEllsworth Mountains to serve as a base facility for a majorscientific study of the geology and glaciology of this remoteregion. Aircraft problems and bad weather caused somedelays, but after full activation, the camp provided out-standing support. The H&N crew was experienced, sincemost of them had served at the Darwin Glacier Camp theprior season.

The Dome Charlie Camp was reopened by virtually thesame crew that had engineered the operation the seasonbefore. The scientific efforts and the support activities pro-gressed successfully at Dome C, including evacuating fourscientists at different times for various illnesses and minoraccidents.

Williams Field. The new facility is a 155-person campcomposed of mobile and relocatable buildings for support-ing us air operations. The entire facility was designed,procured, and constructed by H&N. The elapsed time fromconceptual engineering to beneficial occupancy was 3½years. The facility was designed for frequent relocation be-cause of the advancing and calving ice edge of the Roes IceShelf, and to keep the facilities from becoming deeply bur-ied by the heavy annual snow drifting.

McMurdo. Two new 50-bed dormitories were turned overto the Commander, U.S. Naval Support Force Antarctica

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232 AwrARcnc JOURNAL

for occupancy early in the season. Three additional dormi-tories were worked on and were well ahead of schedulewhen the season ended. Over half of the construction crewhad worked in Antarctica during previous seasons. A newinterim photo laboratory was completed; the old facilityhad to be demolished toward season's end to make room foradditional new dormitory construction in coming seasons.The footings for the new power plant were delivered by theUSNS Towle and placed in position before station closing toensure an early start on the construction of the power plantfacility during usARP 81.

H&N assumed the responsibilities for trash collection, fa-cilities' fueling, and shuttle-bus service between McMurdoand the air fields.

South Pole Station. The outgoing crew included the firstfemale, the station physician, to winter-over at an inlandstation. A new sewage lift station and sewer outfall wereinstalled; the old system was creating a large slump areaadjacent to the geodesic dome, threatening to cause furtherundesirable subsidence of the station facilites. While ready-ing the fresh air distribution system for activation withinthe dome and arch at South Pole, the second H&N fatalityin 12 years occurred. Casey A. Jones, the summer cook, wasexcavating compacted snow from an air plenum duct whenthe entire column of ice and snow collapsed on him. De-spite prompt rescue efforts, he was dead when his body wasuncovered.

Siple Station. The new facility weathered its first winter-over in fine condition. The planned balloon and rocketscientific programs were cancelled due to airlift capabilityreductions. The summer crew concentrated its efforts onthe construction of a new summer camp, including relocat-able kitchen and sanitary facilities.

Palmer Station. H&N completed the second consecutiveyear of operations with no personnel turnover. The newZodiac boat launching area that had been installed the pre-ceding year survived the rigors of winter ice. Station per-sonnel continued their efforts on area clean-up; the Chileanvessel Yelcho removed about 10 tons of scrap. A new X-rayunit was installed in the medical clinic, and the biologylaboratories were thoroughly inventoried and reorganized.Satellite communications capabilities between the stationand the home office were improved by the successful trans-mission of TEixFAx during the winter.

Research vessel Hero was found to be infested with tere-dos (shipworms) and sailed to Buenos Aires for emergencydrydocking. This reduced some of the science programsplanned for the peninsula area during the summer. Repairswere successful, however, and she finished the season byproviding assistance to the Fm Bransfield, which had sus-tained hull damage when she ran aground on unchartedrocks near Rothera Point.

These activities were supported by National ScienceFoundation contract C-793.

1980 REVIEW*U.S. Government Printing Office: 1981-341-302/3233

00

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