U.S. HistoryAnswers to Handout #1 and Handout #2 Senate----------------1. Total # = 1002. Per State = 23. Length of Term = 6 years4. Minimum Age = 305. Citizenship Requirement = 9 years6. ⅓ of the entire Senate is elected every two years7. Has power to try impeachment (act as judge and jury)8. The Senate = equal representation9. The Vice-President is the President of the Senate10. Elects the President Pro Temp to run meetings House of Representatives-----------------------------------1. Totals = 4352. Per state = varies based on population3. Length of Term = 2 years4. Minimum Age = 255, Citizenship Requirement = 7 years6. 435/435 of the entire house is elected every two years7. Has power to impeach (officially charge an official)8. The House of Representatives = proportional representation9. Elects a Speaker of the House The Legislative Branch is “Senate” and “House of Representatives” We have a bicameral legislature Here is what both Houses of Congress have in common---------------------------------------------------------------------------1. Decides if members are qualified to serve2. Cannot hold other government jobs or receive salary from other government jobs3. Cannot be arrested for civil crimes while they are meeting4. Elects its own officers5. Paid out of the Treasury of the United States6. Must meet at least once a year7. More than half the members need to be present to conduct meetings ( quorum ) 8. Has law-making officers9. Sets up own rules of operations10. Members can be punished for disorderly behavior, or even expelled

11. Must keep official records of its proceedings12. Must live in the state in which they are elected 13.Preamble

an introduction to a formal document, especially the Constitution14. Federalism

the sharing of power between the federal and state governments15. Enumerated Powers

powers belong only to the federal government16. Reserved Powers

powers retained by the states17. Concurrent Powers

powers shared by the federal and state government18. Checks and Balances

a system of government where the branches of the government check and limit the other branches

19. Amendmentschanges to the Constitution

20. Implied Powerspowers are not specifically defined in the Constitution

21. Judicial Reviewthe rights of the Supreme Court to determine if a law violates the Constitution

22. How does the Preamble outline the goals of the Constitution?variable answers per person.PowerPoint based on Red Textbook says: We the People = The power of government comes from the peoplein order to form a more perfect union = states need to agree as one countryestablish justice = treat each citizen equallyinsure domestic tranquility = keep peace among the peopleprovide for the common defense = power to maintain armed forces in protecting the countrypromote the general welfare = maintain order, protect individual liberties, try to keep citizen from poverty, hunger, and diseasesecure the blessings of liberty for ourselves and our posterity = guarantee that no American’s basic rights can be taken away now or for posterity 23. What are the three underlying principles of the Constitution?popular sovereignty, limited government, federalism 24. Why is Constitution called a “living” Constitution?it is strong but flexible - in other words, it can be modified yet has enough structure to survive over many, many years

Article I, Section 8 1. Which branch of government has the power to raise taxes? Legislative Branch2. Congress can borrow money3. Congress can regulate trade with foreign nations and between the states (INTERSTATE) and with Indian Tribes4. Congress can decide how people will become citizens. This process is called Naturalization. 5. Congress can create uniform bankruptcy laws across the country6. Congress can coin money7. Congress decides on uniform measurements and weights8. Congress regulates counterfeiting laws9. Congress can create new Post Offices10. Congress can create Patent and Copyright laws11. Define “patent”: It is an exclusive right given to an inventor to make, use, and sell his invention for a certain period of time12. Define “copyright”: It is the exclusive right for a person to publish and sell his or her literary, musical, or artistic work13. Congress can create lower courts14. Congress can create laws for the high seas15. Congress has the sole power to declare war16. SKIP/IGNORE17. Congress can create letters of marque and reprisal which authorizes a ship to attack the shipping of an enemy without being punished as a pirate18. Congress has the power to raise an army19. Funding of an army can only be in two year appropriations20. Define appropriation: an act of a legislature authorizing money to be paid from the treasury for a specified use21. Congress can maintain a navy22. Congress can make rules for the army and the navy23. State militia now known as the National Guard, are organized by each state. Congress can call them to duty at any time. Congress can make laws to govern the procedures recruiting and training officers24. Congress can make a capital city and regulate all land owned by the US25. The Elastic Clause also known as the “Necessary and Proper Clause”; this, along with the Commerce Clause represents “implied” power26. Congress cannot regulate the slave trade until 180827. Congress cannot suspend the Writ of Habeas Corpus UNLESS in cases of rebellion and invasion28. Congress cannot pass Bill of Attainder (a legislative act that punishes a person without a trial) or ex post facto laws (those that criminalize actions after the fact)29. Congress cannot tax exports30. Congress cannot spend money without a law31. Government officials cannot accept titles of nobility

32. The President and Congress cannot accept gifts from foreigner without Congressional approval33. States cannot make treaties with other countries, they cannot pass Bills of Attainder, or pass ex post facto laws, they cannot grant Marque and Reprisal, coin money34. States cannot regulate foreign trade or interstate trade35. States cannot keep a standing army or declare war; except for invasion