answer sheet / global bike case study

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Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2 Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 1 of 23 12.3 Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study Nitin Kalรฉ, University of Southern California Nancy Jones, San Diego State University STUDENT NAME 60161051 ๊น€๋™ํ˜„ Provide screenshots to support your answers. Question 1: Identify two (2) interesting and distinctly different relationships amongst three or more variables of the data set and discuss each briefly. You might hypothesize as to why the relationships are what they are. For example, โ€œIt makes sense that X is positively related to Y and Z because they are โ€ฆ.โ€ ๊ณผ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ์•ž์„œ ETL ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ Geographical Hierarchy, Time Hierarchy ์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ Dimension ์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ MEASURE ์— ์œ„๋„์™€ ๊ฒฝ๋„๊ฐ€ SUM ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘๊ณ„๋œ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง‘๊ณ„๋ฅผ NONE ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ฃผ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ Geographical HIERARCHY ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

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Page 1: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 1 of 23

12.3 Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study Nitin Kalรฉ, University of Southern California

Nancy Jones, San Diego State University

STUDENT NAME 60161051 ๊น€๋™ํ˜„

Provide screenshots to support your answers.

Question 1: Identify two (2) interesting and distinctly different relationships amongst three or more variables of the data set and discuss each briefly. You might hypothesize as to why the relationships are what they are. For example, โ€œIt makes sense that X is positively related to Y and Z because they are โ€ฆ.โ€

๊ณผ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰์— ์•ž์„œ ETL ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ Geographical Hierarchy, Time Hierarchy์™€

์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณ„์‚ฐ๋œ Dimension์„ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

ํ˜„์žฌ MEASURE ์— ์œ„๋„์™€ ๊ฒฝ๋„๊ฐ€ SUM ์œผ๋กœ ์ง‘๊ณ„๋œ ๊ฐ’์œผ๋กœ ์ €์žฅ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง‘๊ณ„๋ฅผ

NONE ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์ฃผ๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ฑฐ์ณ์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ Geographical HIERARCHY ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Page 2: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 2 of 23

Page 3: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 3 of 23

์ด ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ Geography ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆด๋‹ค์šด์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ด์–ด์„œ Time Hierarchy ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Page 4: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 4 of 23

์œ„ ๋‘ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด geo, time Hierarchy ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ด์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๋ถ„์„์ž‘์—…์— ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜

์žˆ๋‹ค.

์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ New Calculated Dimension ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด Gross Margin in USD, Gross Margin

Ratio ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•œ๋‹ค.

Page 5: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 5 of 23

Gross Margin Ratio์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ SUM์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด Average๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ 

Percentage๋กœ ํฌ๋งทํŒ…์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•œ๋‹ค.

Page 6: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 6 of 23

Q.1) GBI ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์…‹์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์‹๋ณ„

๋จผ์ € GBI ์—์„œ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด Revenue USD, Gross Margin Ratio, ProdCat, SalesOrg ๋ฅผ

์ด์šฉํ•ด ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋งต์„ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์œ„ ์ฐจํŠธ๋Š” Weight ๋ฅผ Revenue ๋กœ, Color ๋ฅผ Gross Margin Ratio ๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•ด ๊ฐ Sales Org ๋ณ„ GBI ์˜

Key Figure ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ˆˆ์— ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์œ„ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์„

๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” SalesOrg ๋Š” TOU, ROB, ORB ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Gross Margin Ratio ๋ฅผ

ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‹ค์ œ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์€ SalesOrg ๋Š” ACC ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ

GBI ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” TOU SalesOrg ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ UE00, UW00 ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ต๋ฅ ์ด ํ˜„์ €ํžˆ

๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „๋žต๊ธฐํš์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

์ด์–ด์„œ Animation ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ๋ณ„ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€

ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค.

Page 7: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 7 of 23

Revenue USD, Region, Country, Year ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ์• ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ”์ด์…˜ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋„๊ฐ€

์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ US ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋˜ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์˜ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋ฉฐ

Germany ์˜ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋…์ผ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” Bavaria ์™€ California ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด

ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ง์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งค์ถœ์•ก๊ณผ ๋งค์ถœ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๋„๋ณ„ ๋ผ์ธ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ

์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Page 8: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 8 of 23

์œ„ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Germany ์˜ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก๊ณผ ๋งค์ถœ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ƒ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ

์–‘์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ US ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ California ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก๊ณผ ๋งค์ถœ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด

ํ•˜๋ฝํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์„ธ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์Œ์˜ ์ƒ๊ด€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Question 2: Explain to Nina why each of these visualizations is important to her team.

Q.2 ) 1 ์ฐจ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ 

์œ„์˜ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ SalesOrg ์™€ ProdCat ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ Revenue ์™€ Gross Margin Ratio ๋ฅผ

๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด 2007 ๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ฃผ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„๊ฐ€ ์œ„์ถ•๋จ๊ณผ

๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋™๋ถ€์™€ ๋…์ผ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ TOU PrudCat ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์ด ์‹ค์ œ

์ˆ˜์ต์œจ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒŒ์•…๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ  ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ž‘์€ ACC ProdCat ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜์ต์œจ์ด

๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ๋‹ค. ์ œํ’ˆ์˜ ์›๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Œ€์ˆ˜๋ก ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์ด ๋†’์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—

Page 9: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 9 of 23

์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ GBI ์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์ฆ์ง„์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  Cost ์™€ Discount ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ

์ ˆ๊ฐ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ฐจํŠธ์—์„œ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋˜ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด

์œ„์ถ•๋˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ ์ฐจ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋™๋ถ€์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋…์ผ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ

ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์˜ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์ด ์ค„์–ด๋“  ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ

GBI ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ ์ดํƒˆ ๋ฐฉ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

Question 3: Nina Kane and her colleagues in Germany believe that Global Bike has 4 groups of customers with distinct characteristics. She also knows that customers have changed over the past few years and so any analysis that you provide on the groups should be focused on the newest data available. Create a cluster analysis for Nina. What can you tell Nina about the 4 customer groups? Use the following as a guide to help you answer this question.

Q.3 ) R-K means Clustering ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜

๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 4 ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ

๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ธฐ์— Preprocessor ์˜ Filter ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด

2019 ๋…„์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ง์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

Page 10: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 10 of 23

์ดํ›„ R-K-Means ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด 4 ๊ฐœ์˜ Cluster ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ „์ฒด Revenue USD,

Costs USD, Sales Quantity, Discounts USD, Gross Margin ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค.

Page 11: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 11 of 23

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ CSV Writer๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์†ํ•˜๋Š” Cluster์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ ˆ์ด๋ธ”์„

์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ CSV ํŒŒ์ผ์„ ๋กœ์ปฌ์— ์ €์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค.

Question 4: Define how you clustered the transactions for Nina. What variables did you use? Did you have any preprocessors? If so, what were they?

ํ˜„์žฌ ๋…์ผ์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•˜๋Š” Nina์™€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๋šœ๋ ทํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ์„

๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋œ 4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ

๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์ด ๋ณ€ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฐ์ง‘ํ™” ํ•˜์ž๋Š”

๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋ฒˆ Task์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ด๋‹ค.

๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ R-K means Clustering์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ Filter Preprocessor๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด Year

Dimension์ด 2019๋…„์ธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ถœํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฐ์ง‘ํ™”๋ฅผ

์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์œผ๋กœ R-K means๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์ˆ˜์น˜์  ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ตฐ์ง‘ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ

๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆ˜์น˜ํ˜• ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ด ๊ตฐ์ง‘ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง‘ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋‹ค.

Page 12: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 12 of 23

Question 5: What can you tell Nina about the relationships of the members of each cluster and the clustersโ€™ relationships to each other? Perhaps a simple way to do this is to explain the Summary and/or the Cluster Representations produced by the algorithm. Include screen shots of the cluster results.

Cluster ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด Summart/Cluster Representation ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๋„ํ‘œ๋“ค์„

ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค.

์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ฉด Cluster 1, 2, 3, 4 ์ค‘ 1 ๊ณผ 2 ์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ

๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ๋‹ค.

Page 13: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 13 of 23

๋˜ํ•œ Cluster Density ์™€ Distance ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ Cluster 4, 2, 3, 1 ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ Density ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„

ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ Density ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ตฐ์ง‘์— ์†ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚ฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„

์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 4 ๋ฒˆ cluster ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ์‘์ง‘๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ–ฅํ›„ Decision Cycle ์—์„œ

๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Elbow Point ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ Cluster ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ• ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Page 14: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 14 of 23

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Feature Distribution ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ Cluster ๊ฐ€ ์ „์ฒด Gross Margin ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ

ํ™•์ธํ•œ๋‹ค.

์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด Cluster 1 ๊ณผ Cluster 2 ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„ํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ

๋†’์€ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋กœ Cluster 3 ์™€ 4 ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ

๋ถ„ํฌ๋Š” ์ž‘์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ ๋†’์€ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์„ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

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Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 15 of 23

Page 16: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 16 of 23

Question 6: Explain other characteristics of the clusters by creating properly structured visualizations, (one visualization each), of the following. Hint: be sure to use the cluster number as one of the dimensions in your visualization. Be sure to identify the aggregation of your measures for each chart, perhaps in the title.

a. Sales revenues by region and product category

Region, Product Category, Sales Revenue, Cluster number ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด

Region Dimension ์„ ์ง๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” Geo Bubble chart ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Geo Bubble Chart ์˜ Value ๋ฅผ Revenue USD ๋กœ, Geography ๋ฅผ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•ด๋‘์—ˆ๋˜ regoin

ํ•˜์ด๋ผํ‚ค๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ ํ›„ Row ์™€ Column ์˜ Trellis ๋ฅผ ProdCat ๊ณผ ClusterNumber ๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ

๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ACC, TRE ์ œํ’ˆ๊ตฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„  ๊ฐ๊ฐ ClusterNumber 1 ๊ณผ 1, 2 ์—๊ฒŒ๋งŒ ํŒ๋งค๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Page 17: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 17 of 23

๋˜ํ•œ ORB ์ œํ’ˆ๊ตฐ์€ 2, 4 ๋ฒˆ Cluster ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ ์†Œ๋น„์ธต์ด๋ฉฐ TOU ์ œํ’ˆ๊ตฐ์€ 4 ๋ฒˆ Cluster ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ

์†Œ๋น„์ธต์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. (์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ œํ’ˆ๊ตฐ์€ ๊ณจ๊ณ ๋ฃจ ๋ถ„ํฌ)

Page 18: Answer Sheet / Global Bike Case Study

Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 18 of 23

b. Profitability (gross margin ratio) by customer and division

Customer ์™€ Division, ClusterNumber ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ Profitability(Gross Margin Ratio)๋ฅผ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด

์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ฐจ์›์˜ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ง๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์•Œ๋งž์€ Heatmap ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ Area Color ๋ฅผ Gross

Margin Ratio ๋กœ, Area Name ์„ CustDescr ๋กœ, Area Name2 ๋ฅผ ClusterNumber, Division ์œผ๋กœ

์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด

AS Division ์—๋Š” ClusterNumber 1 ์˜ Customer ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ  Division BI ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“ 

ClusterNumber ์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค.

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ์ ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต๊ณผ Division ์„ ํ†ตํ‹€์–ด์„œ AS Division ์˜ ClusterNuber 1 ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต์ด

๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ BI Division ์—์„œ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” Cluster 1 ๊ณผ 2 ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต์ด ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€

์ง‘๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์„๋œ๋‹ค.

๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต ๊ตฐ์ง‘ํ™” ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ 

R-K means Clustering ์•Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์ฆ˜์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต ๊ตฐ์ง‘ํ™” ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ตฐ์ง‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํŠน์„ฑ๊ณผ

์‘์ง‘๋„๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ต ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ 4 ๋ฒˆ Cluster ์˜ ์‘์ง‘๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Decision

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Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 19 of 23

Cycle ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ์„ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ Elbow Point ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•ด ๊ตฐ์ง‘์˜ ๊ฐœ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ ค ํด๋Ÿฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์˜

์‘์ง‘๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

์•ž์˜ ๋‘ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ค์ œ ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋งค์ถœ์•ก์€

์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„ํฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ ์ฐจํŠธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š”

์ œํ’ˆ๊ตฐ์ด ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„ํฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Question 7: The sales team is also interested in sales trends overall. Create a forecast of sales for the next 48 months. Hint: use Triple Exponential Smoothing instead of R-Triple Exponential Smoothing for this forecast for โ€œbetterโ€ results.

a. Explain what value of alpha, beta, and gamma you chose and why you chose what you did.

SAP PA ์˜ Predict ํƒญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด Time Series ์˜ Triple Exponential Smoothing ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•ด ์•„๋ž˜์™€

๊ฐ™์ด Outcome Mode ๋ฅผ Forecast ๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–ฅํ›„ 48 ๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ง€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

๋˜ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” Target Values ๋Š” Revenue USD ์ด๋ฉฐ Date Column ์œผ๋กœ Time Series

ํ•˜์ด๋ผํ‚ค๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ํ›„ Period ๋ฅผ Month ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ด๋ฒˆ Task ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ Sales ํŒ€์—์„œ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ Sales Trend ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— Currency ์˜ USD ์™€

EUR ์˜ ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋ง์€ ์ƒ๋žตํ•œ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ฏธ EUR ์ด Revenue USD ๋กœ ํ™˜์œจ์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ

ํ™˜์œจ์ด ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋œ Revenue USD ๋กœ Forecasting ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

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Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 20 of 23

์œ„ ์ž‘์—…์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด Advanced ํƒญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด Triple Exponential Smoothing ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  Alpha, Beta,

Gamma ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์•ŒํŒŒ๋Š” ํ‰ํ™œ์ƒ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์œจ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ

๋ฒ ํƒ€๋Š” Trend, ๊ฐ๋งˆ๋Š” Seasonality ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค.

์ด ์ž‘์—…์—์„œ๋Š” Alpha, Beta, Gamma ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๊ฐ 0.3, 0.1, 0.2 ๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.

์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ Gamma ๊ฐ’์„ 0.2 ๋กœ ์ง€์ •ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” GBI ์—์„œ ํŒ๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์€ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋กœ Sales Revenue

๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์ ˆ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.

b. Is the forecast reliable? Why or why not?

Triple Exponential Smoothing ์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ๋Šฅ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง๊ด€์ ์ธ ํ‰๊ฐ€

์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ RMSE ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‹ค์ œ ์•ฝ 2 ์ฒœ ~ 3 ์ฒœ๋งŒ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” Revenue ์™€ ์•ฝ

1 ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ์ •๋„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

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Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 21 of 23

Reference : https://dailyheumsi.tistory.com/167#rmse-root-mean-squared-error

Reference :https://otexts.com/fppkr/least-squares.html

๋˜ํ•œ R-square ๊ฐ’์ด ์•ฝ 0.93์œผ๋กœ ์ธก์ •๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ’๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ’์ด ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด

์ •๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋กœ 0๊ณผ 1 ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ฐ’์„ ๊ฐ–๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ„ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€

Forecast ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

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Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 22 of 23

์•„๋ž˜์˜ Forecasting ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ–ฅํ›„ 48 ๊ฐœ์›”, 4 ๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ Revenue ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ Trend ๋ฅผ

ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์ฐจ Revenue ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜๊ณ  2023 ๋…„์— Total Revenue ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ

4 ์ฒœ๋งŒ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค.

์•„๋ž˜์˜ Forecasting ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ–ฅํ›„ 48 ๊ฐœ์›”, 4 ๋…„๊ฐ„์˜ Revenue ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜์˜€๊ณ  ์ฐจํŠธ์˜ Trend ๋ฅผ

ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚ ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ ์ฐจ Revenue ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ธก๋˜๊ณ  2023 ๋…„์— Total Revenue ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ

4 ์ฒœ๋งŒ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋œ๋‹ค.

Triple Exponential Forecasting ์‹œ์‚ฌ์ 

Triple Exponential Forecasting ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์—ฌ GBI ์˜ ํ–ฅํ›„ 48 ๊ฐœ์›”์˜ Sales Revenue ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

Triple Exponential Forecasting ๊ธฐ๋ฒ•์€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ชจ๋ธ์— ๋น„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์‹์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์˜ˆ์ธก ์„ฑ๋Šฅ

๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ด๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ณ„, ์ฃผ๋ณ„, ์›”๋ณ„๋กœ ์žฆ์€ ์˜ˆ์ธก์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ธก

๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ฉฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์™ธ์—๋„ ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํŠน์ • ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ธต์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ ์ˆ˜์š”๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ์ธกํ•˜๋Š”

์ƒํ™ฉ์—๋„ ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.

Triple Exponential Forecasting ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ Alpha, Beta, Gamma ๋ฅผ ์„ธํŒ…ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ

์ด๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์กฐ์ •์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.

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Practical Analytics Chapter 12 | Exercise 3 | Edition 2

Nitin Kalรฉ & Nancy Jones ยฉ 2020 23 of 23

๊ณผ์ œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ํ›„๊ธฐ

์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ธฐ๋ง ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹ค์ œ GBI ์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๋ถ„์„ ์—…๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋งก์€ ์ง์›์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ์ด์ „์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ด๋ฒˆ ํ•œ ํ•™๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃฌ๋‹ค๋Š”

์ ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ธ์ƒ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ณผ์ œ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง„ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€

SAP PA ๋ผ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ํˆด์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‹œํ–‰์ฐฉ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฐจํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ

๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐํ™” ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์— ๊ทธ๋ ค์ง€๋ฉด ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํˆด์„

์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ํ•จ์–‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ERP DA ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์–ป์€ ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋” ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ์ด

๋˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ํ•™๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ์ƒ ๋งŽ์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜!

Hints

โ€ข Create a geo hierarchy with targeted dimension of City and Geographical level City.

โ€ข Avoid using column or bar charts for every answer.