By Authority OfTHE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Legally Binding Document

By the Authority Vested By Part 5 of the United States Code § 552(a) and Part 1 of the Code of Regulations § 51 the attached document has been duly INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE and shall be considered legally binding upon all citizens and residents of the United States of America. HEED THIS NOTICE: Criminal penalties may apply for noncompliance.

Official Incorporator:THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOROFFICE OF THE FEDERAL REGISTERWASHINGTON, D.C.

Document Name:

CFR Section(s):

Date of Action:

eANSI Z89.2-1971: Industrial Protective Helmets for Electrical Workers, Class B

29 CFR 1926.100(c), 1926.951(a)

44 FR 8577, Feb. 9, 1979; 44 FR 20940, Apr. 6, 1979

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_ ____________________ ______ £;. ~ _J;"GffiE~!~~~~8!J'~ENT.S ______ §UPERSED ED ====-~ W,th The Permission Of ANSI -----------:-------- ------ ----

~;5F UnderRovaltvAgreemen~_,, __ . __ - ANSIZ89.2-1971.

safety requirements for

industrial protective helmets

for electrical workers, class B

Secretariat

United States Department of the Navy

Approved April 14, 1971

American National Standards Institute, Inc

ANSI Z89.2·1971

P.rti., Revision 0' 22. '·1959

American National Standard

Safety Requirements for

Industria1 Protective Helmets

for Electrical Workers, Class B

American National Standard

An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and prOVisions. ,An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manu· facturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existence of an American National Stan· dard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standard or not. from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cau tioned to obtain the latest editions.

CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute reqUire that action be taken to reafnrm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National'Standards Institute.

Published by

American National Standards Institute 1430 Broadway, New York. Ne.w York 10018

Copyright C 1971 by American Nation~1 Standards Institute, Inc All righ Is reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form. in an electronic retrievalsyJlem or otherwise. without the prior written permission or tbe publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

WtM972/J25

Foreword (This Foreword is not a part of American National Standard Safety Requirements for Industrial Protective Helmets for Electrical Workers, Class B, Z89.2·1971.)

This standard is a partial revision of American Nalional Standard Safety Code for Head, Eye, and Respiratory Proteclion. Z2.1·1959.ln 1962 the Safety Standards Board approved the division of the Z2 Committee into three separate projects: Z87-lndustrial Eye Protection, Z88-Respiratory Protection, and Z89-1ndustrial Head Protection.

In August 1962. the Safety Standards Board approved the scope of the Z89 Standards Committee:

Safety requirements for the protectlon'of the heads of occupationat workers from impacllInd electrical shock.

Soon after the first organizational meeting in October 1963, the task of developing a standard for Industrial head protection was assigned to a SpeclJications Subcommittee.

After a careful review of the first draft standard. which Included all the types and classes of protective 'helmets under consideration. It was decided that the interests of all concerned would best be served by developing two separate stand'ards-one for general head protection, Z89.1, and one for electrical (hlgh.voltage) protection. Z89.2.

American National Standard SafelY Requirements for Industrlal.Head Protection, Z89.1·1969, was approved by the Standards Institute on December 17, 1969. American National Standard Safety Requirements for Industrial Protective Helmets for' Electrical Workers, Class B, Z89.2· 1'971. was approved by the Standards Institute on April 14, 1971.

Suggestions for Improvement gained In the use of this standard will be welcome. They should be sent to the American National Standards Institute, 1430 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10018.

At'the time it approved this standard. American National Standards Committee on Safety Code for Industrlalliead Protection, Z89, had the follOWing members:

Robert W. Webster, Chairman

OrganIzatIon R eprelented Name of Representative

American Federation of Labor cl Congress of Industrial Organizations ••.••• , ••••• C, F. Moran Lloyd D. U Iter Waller J. feltz (Alt)

American Gas Association ••• , , ••••••• , •••••••••••• , •• ' •• , .•.••• , ••••••• J. F. McGuigan Albert L. Phllllps (Alt)

American Insurance Alloclatlon •••••••••••.•• , .••.•• ,." •••••• , •• , ••••. ,Robert Conroy American Mutuallnsurancc Alliance .••••••••••• , , •.•••. , , . , ••. , , ••.•.•• , ,Edward J. Bax.

, Frederick H. Dceg (AIt) American Society of Mechanical Engineers ., •••••• , ••• , •.••• ,., •••.•.••.•. E, L. Davison

J. L. Ryan, Jr (All) American Society of Safety Engineers .•...•••••...•..••. , •.•••••.•• , .•..•• Raymond I. Pfeifer

Edward N. Deck (Alt) Assoctated General Contracton of America •••••••••• , .•••. ,.! ••••••••••••• lIenry V. Carvlll Alloclllion of American Railroad ••• , ••••••••••••••••••• " •• , .••••••••••• w. C. Laraway Canldlan Standard. Alloclllion (Llahon) •• , •• , ••••••••• , •••• , ••• , • , •••••• ,D. P. RU!lcii Edilon Electric Instltute •••••••••••••.•.•..• , ••.••••••••••.•••••..••••• A. L. Lewis

A. T. Jllggins (Alt) Generat Services Administration •••••••••••••• , •••• , •••.••••••••••. , ••••• Ralph M. Greene Industrial Medical Association. , • , ••••••••••••.•• , •••••••.•• , .•.•.•.• , .•• W. Garret Hume Industrial Safety,Equlpment Association •••• , ••••• , ••••• , ••••..•••••••• ' •• U. A. Raschke

R. G. Tressler M. F. Shields (All) Harley N. Trice (Alt)

International Association of Fire Chiefs ••••••••••• , •• , .. , ••••••• , ••••••••• Joseph M. Redden International Association of Governmental Labor Oflicials •••••••.•••••••.••.•• Cralg Ii. Huren

Edmund McHale (All) National Fire Protection Association •• , •• , •••••••••••••• ' •• , ••••••••••••• ,Paul R. Lyons National Safety Council ••••••••••• " ••• , •••••••.••••• ' ••• , •••••••••••••• F. M. Livingston, Jr

C. S. Wolff (All)

~

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Or,lln/Zili/on Rl!prl!~nud Name of Rtpratnlal/I·t

Society or the Plastics Industry ••..••••••••..•.......•....•.... " ...•.... lIarley N. Trice TIle Telephone Group ••••.• ' .•.••••.•••••..•••.•...••....••......•••••. W. E. l!ray United Mine Workers or America •••....•...•••••.••••.•..•....•....•..... lewis E. EVins U.S. Department of the Army ••••••••...••.••..••.••.•••••..•.....••...• Edward R. Gloyd

:;. U.S. Department of Labor, Bureau or Labor Standards ••••...•..•••....••....• F. A. Van Alta Patrick F. Cestrone (All)

U.S. Department of Ihe Navy ••••••••••.•.••...••...•..•..•.......•••.•. J. N. Cornette ...

The Speclncatlons Subcommittee, which developed this standard, had the following members:

P. W. O'Donnell, Chairman· R. G. Tressler, Chairman

*Deceased.

W. G. Bush J. R. Cambron G. W. Elg H. A. Raschke M. F. Shields R. W. Webster

Contents SECTION PAGE

1. Scope and Purpose .......•.......•.. . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.1 Scope .•...•............•........................................ 7 1.2 Purpose .•... . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . 7

2. Definitions . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

3. Types and Class .....••......................•......................... 7

4. Recommended Supplemental Requirements ................................. 7 4.1 Protective Helmets ................................................. 7 4.2 Availability of Helmets ............. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.3 Exposure to Hazards. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . 7 4.4 Head Protection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4.5 Care of Helmets. . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.6 Manufacturer's Designaticl", ,~' ............. .' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4.7 Precautions .•........ : ...•...... ' ........ :........................ 8

5. General Requirements .•................................................ 8 5.1 General ....•............................................. . . . . . . . . 8 5.2 Shell .................................................•.......... 8 5.3 Headband ........................................................ 8 5,4. Crown Strap~ ..........•....•..•..•............. " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.5 Accessories •...•.................................................. 8 5.6 Instructions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 5.7 Marking ......•.................•......... : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

6. Detailed Requirements. . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6.1 Shell............................................................ 8 6.2 Headband ....•................................................... 8 6.3 Crown Straps. . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

7. Physical Requirements. • • .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7.1 Insula tion Resistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 7.2 Impact Resistance . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.3 Penetration Resistance ..........•.... , ............ " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7,4 Weight .••...•................................ , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 7.5 Flammability...................................................... 9 7.6 Water Absorption ...................•.........•........•........... 9

8. Methods of Test .••.•.•...........•... '" .... " . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . • . . . 9 8.1 Preparation of Samples .•.........•. ;........... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8.2 Insulation Resistance Test. • • . . . . . . • . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . • • . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . 9 8.3 Impact Resistance Tests ••..•.....•.......•.......................... 10 8.4 Penetration Resistance Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 8.5 Flammability Test. . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 11 8.6 Water Absorption Test .............................•.•.............. II

9. Revision of American National Standards Referred to in This Document ......... '" 14

Tables Table I Comparative Hat and Cap Sizes .................................... 9 Table 2 Transmitted Forces in Pounds ..................................... 11

Figures . Fig. 1 Brinell Hardness Penetrator Assembly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . .. 12 Fig. 2 Suggested Apparatus for Measurement of Crown Clearance ..•........•.... 13

SECTION PAGE

Appendix Recommendations and Precautions Concerning . Helmet Use and Maintenance ............•.......................•. 14

AI. Laces ...•.•................... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 A 2. Cleaning •.. . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . • . . . . . . . . . . 14 A3. Periodic Inspection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 A4. Limitation of Protection ................... : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 AS. Sizes........................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 A6. Precautions...... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 A7. Safe Voltage ............. 0.0 ••••••• 00.00 ••••••••••••• 0 ••• 0 •••• 000. 14 AS. Inspection ............................ 0 ••••••••• 0 0 • 0 o. 00 •• 0 0 0 0 0 • • • 14

~,

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American National Standard Safety Requirements for

Industrial Prptective Helmets

for Electrical Workers, Class B

I. Scope lind Purpose

1.1 Scope. This Itandard eltabllshes spcclOcallons ror IndustrIal protective helmets ror the protection or heads or electrIcal workers rrom Impact and penetra. lion rrom railing or nylng obJectslnd rrom hlgh.vol!. age electric shock and burn. , 1.2 PurpOIe. This standard contains general. detailed, Ind physIcal requirements ror the procurement of hel. mets arrordlng optimum protection ror electrical work. ers. It llso Includel.upplemental sarety reqUIrement. (sce Section 4) recommended ror luthoriliel consider. Ing establishment or regulations or code. concerning Ihe usc or prolecllve helmet. rot electrIcal workers.

2. DefInllfons

brim. An Integral part or the shell extending outward over the enllre clrcumrerence to protecl Ihe rice. neck. and Ihoulder ..

chin Ilrap. An IdJustable .'rap. attached directly or In· directly to the shell. Ind ntllng under the chin to sccure the helmet to the head.

crown Itrap •• That part or Ihe suspension Which passcs over the head.

headband. That part or the luspenslon which encircles the head.

helmel. A rigid device Ihat Is worn to pmvlde prutec· tlon ror the head. or purllons thereor, against Impact. nylng parllcle •• or electric shuck, or any comblnatlun Ihereof: Ind which II held In place by a lultahle • ulpen,'on.

nape Itnp. An udjultahle liraI'. ullached directly IIr In· . directly to Ihe shell, und nlIIng behind the head III sccure Ihe helmel to the head.

peak. An Inlegral purt or the .hell elCtendlng rurward OVer the eye. only.

shel/. A helmel Jell luspenslun. accelsorlel. and fillings.

JUspenslon. The Internal cradle or the helmet which holds It In place on the head and Is made up or the headband and crown llrap •.

Iweatband. That part or the headband. Integral or re· placeable. which cOll1elln contact wllh at least the wearer', rorehead.

. winter liner. A snug·fittlng cover worn under the helmet to protect the head. ears. and neck from the cold.

3. Types lind ChIllS

Protective helrnetllhllll be of the rollowlng types and class:

Type J - lIelrnet, rull brim Type 2 - lIehnet. brimless with pelk Class n - IUgh.voltage protection

4. Rcc()lIllllcndcd Supplemcntnl Rcqulrclllcnts (IICC 1.2)

4.1 Proteerlve HeImerl. Protective helmets or the types Ipeclned In thl. standard shall be required where thele Is a reasonable probability or Injury thaI can be pre· vented or moderated by such protection.

4.2 Availability or Helme'l. Under conditions described In 4.1, employers shall provide prorectlve helmets Ihat arc rcadJly accculble and lultllhle for the work to be perrormed. and ernpluyees shllll U5C such protective hellllell •

4.3 Expolure 10 HlIZord •. Nil unprulccted person shall knuwlngly be subjecred til a hazardllus environmental condition. .

4.4 Hend Protecllon. Industrial protecllve helmets shall meet the (ullowlng mInimum reqUirements:

(I) They Ihall provide adequate protection against the particular hazards (or which they arc designed.

7

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZS9.2.1971

(2) They shall be reasonably comfortable when worn under the designated conditions.

(3) They shall not unduly Interfere with the move. ments of the w"arer.

(4) They shall be durable. (5) They shall be capable of being disinfected. (6) They shall be easy to clean.

4.S Care of Helmets. Protective helmets shall be kept clean and In good repair.

4.6 Manufacturer'. Designation. So that the proper sus­pensIon c.n be procured for a protective helmet shell, the shell and IUspenslon shall be distinctly marked to facilitate Identification of the manufacturer.

4.7 Precaution •• When precautions or limitations are Indicated by the manufacturer, they shall be trans­mltted to the user and care taken to see that such pre. cautions and limitations are strictly observed.

5. General Requirements

5.1 General. Each helmet shall consist essentially of a shell and suspension. Provision shall be maddor venti. lation between the headband and the shc;lI.

5.1 Shell. The shell shall be dome.shaped, of one·picce seamless construction. There shall be no holes through the shell for any purpose, and the area under the peak or front of the brim may be covered with a noncon· duc ting, an tlgJare ma terlal.

5.3 Headband. fleadbands shall be made of leatherette, plastic, or other suitable materials thaI are comfortable.

5.3. J Sweatband. Sweatbands shall be made of leath. erelle or other suitable materials that are comfortable.

5.4 Crown StrapL Crown straps should be made of plastIc, closely·woven WebbIng, or other suitable mate. rial, and conform comfortably to the shape of the wearer'. head.

5.5 Acceaorle. 5.5.1 Chin Strap Ind Nape Strap. The chin strap and

nape strap shall be adjustable and made of lultabte non. conducting and nonabsorbent materIal not less than 1/2 Inch In width.

5.5.2 Winter LlnerL Winter liner. should be made or fabrIc, plastic. or other .uitable material. Colored mate. rials shall be fast·dyed. The outer surface may be Water resistant. There shall be no metal parts In winter linen for use with Class B helmets.

5.5.3 Face Shields. When worn in conjunction with safety helmets, face shields shall meet the requirements set forth In American National Standard Practice for

8

Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection, ZS7.1·196S,'

5.6 Instructions. Each helmet shall be accompanied by instructions explaining the proper method of adjusting the iWspension and headband.

S.7 Marking. Each heimet conforming to the require· ments of this standard shall bear Identification on the· inside of the sheil, in letters not less than I/S inch high, stating the name of the manufacturer, the American National Standard designation, and ciass. For example:

Manufacturer ANSI Z89.2·1971 Class B

6. Detailed Requirements

6.1 Shell. Type I helmet shells shall have a continuous brim not less than 1·1/4 inches wide. Type 2 shells shall IncJude-a peak extending forward from the crown. AU Class B shells shall be made of material with high dielec· tric strength and iow leakage. Any Identification mark· ers used on the shellihall be affixed without holes in the ~ell and without the use of any metai parts.

6.2 Headband. The headband shall be adjustable in I/S·inch increments. The sIze range of commercial hat sizes, from at least 6-1/2 to 8 Inclusive, shall be accom· modated by one or more headbands. (See Table I.) The sIze range and adjustment shall be marked on the head· band In I permanently legible manner. When the head· band Is adjusted to the maximum designated size, there shall be sufficient clearance between the shell and head· band to provide ventilation, The surface of the head­band In contact with the wearer's head shall be at least one Inch nominal width. Headbands (or sweatbands) should be removable and replaceable.

6.2.1 Sweatband. The sweatband may be of the rc· movable.replaceable type or may be Integral with the headband. The sweatband shall cover at least the fore· head portion of the headband.

6.3 Crown StrapL The crown straps, when assembled, shall form a cradic for supporting the helmet on the weare,r's head, so that the distance betwecn the top of the head and the underside of the shell cannot be ad· justed to less than 1.1/4 inches as measured under test conditions in S.3.2.

7. Physical Rcquircmcn ts

7.1 Insulation Resistance. Clas. B helmets, when tested In accordance wilh the method specified In S.2, shall

" i \

Table 1 Comparative Hat and Cap Size. '

CIrcumferential Headband Measurement

Size (Inches)

6~ 20V2 6'~ , 20Va 6:~ 2r~ 6~ 21~ 7 22 7~ 22% 7~ 22¥. HI 231~

7~ 23 Vz 7% 23~ n. 24~

7~ 24~ 8 25

NOTE: The above meuuremenU are to be made with materials that wlU not.ltetch, preferably with. tape mealure. In lelcet· Ina slut, measure tho circumference of the head where the helo met 11 normally 'Nom. Hate the nearelt correlpondln, nlUre on the ch.rt for size. Allowable toler.noo of clrcumferentJal meuurement ahall be ! 1/8 Inch. Hothln,ln Ihlillandard Ihall be conllN.d II prohlbltlnltarler or Imaller headb.nd s1u1 II 'peclfled. Headbandl th.t Incorpor.1I an Inte .... 1 n.pe map will nol neceuarlly conform 10 the clrcumferentl.1 mellure­menlilabulaled aboYe; however, they mUlllccommodate the requIred he.d 1Iu ..

withstand 20000 valls (root mean square), ac, 60 hertz, for three minutes with leakage of not over 9 mil· lIamperes. When tested to break down, the helmet shall not fall below 30 000 vol II. Each Clall B helmet tested shall nut pall the mechanical proof tesl In 8.3.3.2.

7.2lmpld RealJtance. When tested In accordance with the method lpeclned In 8.3, the helmet shall transmit an average force of not more than 8S0 pounds, and no. Individual specimen shalltransmlt I force of more th:m 1000 pounds. When tested In accordance wJth the me· chanlcal proof test In 8.3.3.2, ClalS B helmets shall show no evidence of substantial contact between the shell and the suspension or headform.

7.3 Penetration Resistance. When tested In accordance with the method specified In 8.4, the helmet shall not be pierced more than J/B·lnch (Including the thIckness of the shell material).

7.4 Weliht. The weight of each helmet, complete with suspension and headband, but exclusive of accessories, shall not exceed 1 S.S ounces.

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ZB9.2·1971

7.5 Flammability. When tested in accordance with the method specified in 8.5, the thinnest section of the sli~ll shall burn at a rate not greater than three Inches per mInute.

7.6 Waler Absorption. When les'ted in accordance with the method specified In 8.6, Class B shells shall not abo sorb more than 0.5 percent of water.

8. Methods of Test

8. t Preparation of Sample. (Insulation Re.istance and Water Absorption Telh). Where It Is evident that the sample helmets have a protectlve coating over the basic material, the exterior surface of the shell shall be abraded untIl the basIc material Is exposed usIng a No. 60 grit garnet paper. Tests shall be 'made at room tem· perature (23'C + 2'C or 73.4' F + 3.6' F). Controlled relative humidity of SO percent ± 5 percent shall be used only In cases of disagreement. The temperatures specIned In the var!oustest procedures shall be Inter· preted as the temperature of the specimen.

8.2lnsulltlon Resistance.Te.t 8.2.1 Apparatus. The test apparatus shall consist of

the following: (I) A vessel, containing fresh tap water, of sufficient

size to submerge an Inverted helmet shell to within 1/2 Inch of the junction of the brim with the crown.

(2) A wire frame for suspending the test specimen In , the waler.

(3) A source of 60·hertz alternating current of 30000 volts (root mean square).

(4) Wiring and terminals for application of vol tage acrolS the crown of the test specimen.

(5) A voltmeter of lufnclent capacity. (6) A milliammeter of sufficient capacity and accu·

racy to measure the .pccIned currents. 8.2.2 Mounting oC Specimens. The Inside of the

helmetlhell (without suspension or accessories), after having been submerged In fresh tap water for 24 hours and then surface dried, shall be filled with fresh lap water 10 within 1/2 Inch of the junction of the brim with the crown, or whatever level Is required to prevent nashover at the voltage tested. The shell shall then be submerged In the same type of waler 10 the same level as the water on the Inside of Ihe .hell. The voltmeter and milliammeter shall be attached 10 the circuit.

8.2.3 Test Procedures. Care should be taken to keep the unsubmerged portion of the shell dry so that flash. over on application of voltage docs not occur. The volt. age shall be applied and Increased to 20 000 volts. The shell shall then be tested for breakdown by further In.

9

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z89.2-1971

creasing the voltage to 30 000 volts at the rate of 1000 volts per second.

8.2.4 Reporting. For each specimen the leakage cur­rent, or evidence of breakdown, shall be reported.

8.3 Impact Resistance Tests 8.3.1 Apparatus. The test apparatus shall consist of

the following: (I) A standard headform. The standard hcadrorm

mentioned throughout this standard Is the model head known as "A.M.L. Head Size Standard" Jiledlum size. I

Test-block forms which simulate the standard head­form may be employed. The head form may be low res­onance magnesium K-IA, aluminum, or wood. For pro­lecllon from damage, wood headrorms may be provided with a sleel Insert In the crown.

(2) A Brinell pcnetrator assembly as shown In Fig. I. The Impression baphall be of 11 QO.O aluminum 1/2 X 1·1/8 Inches, having a predetermined I3rlnell hardness of 21 to 24, as measured with a SaO-kilogram load using a I O-milllmeter ball. The 8r1nell penetrator uscd In the Impact test shall be a hardened steel ball 1/2 Inch In diameter.

(3) A steel ball approximately 3-3/4 Inches In dia­meter and weighing 7.8 to 8.0 pounds.

(4) A 8rlnell microscope, or other suitable mlcrom· eler microscope, accurate to O.OS millimeters.

8.3.2 Mounlln, or Spec:[menl. For Ihe Impact· absorpllon, mechanical prouf, and penelratlun-reslst. ance IcSIS. the specimen, with adjustment lace (If any) removed, and the headband adjustcd to size 7-1/4, shall be mounted on the medium size (sIze 7) standard head. furm su thai Ihe drop ball. headform, and the penelra· lor ball arc center·allgned by means of a plumb bob. F~H alllow.temperature tesu the headband shall be

adjusled on Ihe headform prior to conditioning by "opening" the headband the equivalent or two 1/8 head·slze adJustmenu. The center of the crown of the spcclmen shall be 81 nearly centered 81 possible. The specimen shall be mounted with the back toward Ihe fulcrum of Ihe tesl cqulpment. To delermlne Ihe clear· ance. the shell, minus suspension, shall be placed on the hendform and a dhnensl.onal relldlng taken, as shown In Fig. 2. The suspension shailihen be Installed, and an· other dimensional reading taken with a 25 pound weight, having II flat surface not less Ihan two Inches In

I The: slandard hudrnrm may he: oblalned (rom: Nallunaillureau of Slandard~. Wa~hfnglon. Ij.e. 211323

Aerumedlcal Laboratury. Wright Air Deveillpmenl Ccnler. Wrlllht·l'allmun Air Forcc UUIIC, Ohio 45433

Nondcltructlvc and Tool Tutlnl DiVision, Laburalory Urandl. Quallty Auurancc Seellun. J'hlladclphla Naval Shipyard. J'hlladelphla. I'a. 19 J 12

10

diameter, applied to the crown of the shell. The differ­ence in dimensional readings shall be the' clearance.

8.3.3 Test Procedures 8.3.3.llmp.act Absorption Test. The Ilrinell pen­

etrator assembly, with head form attached, shall be placed on a substantially level concrete floor and located beneath the drop ball so that the center of the headform Is aligned with the center of the drop baJJ by means of a plumb bob. Spec:lmens shall be testeo at o· F and at 120' F. All specimens shall be subjected to the test temperalure for at leasl two hours prior to Impact tests. The Impact test should be conducted within IS seconds after the removal of the specimen from Ihe . temperature condiUonlng apparatus. The ball shall be dropped vertically on the crown from a height of 60 Inches measured from the bottom of the ball to the top of the shell. The ball shall not be allowed to strike the specimen more than once. Impressions shall be spaced at least 2.1/2 diameters apart, edge to edge, and nOlle55 than 2·1/2 diameters from the edge of the bar. Elliptical Impressions shall be disregarded if the di fference be· tween the minimum and maximum axis exceeds 0.3 mllllmcter. All Impressions from double blows shall be disregarded. The minimum dlameler of the Impression pl'Oduced on the Impression bar shall then be measured to the nearest 0.1 millimeter with the 8rlnell micro­scope. For each test the average I3rlnell hardness num­ber uf the Impression bar .used shall be recorded.

8.3.3.2 Mechanical Proof Test. The procedures specified In 8.3.3.1 shall be followed, except:

(I) Helmets shall be lested at O'F and at 140·F. (2) The Drlnell penetrator asscmbiy Is not required. (3) A she.et of carbon paper, four Inches In diameter,

shall be arnxed to the underside of the tup of the shell with the coated side downwards.

8.3.4 Reporting. For Impaci absorption tests, the average force and the greatest Individual force for at least three specimens tesled under one group shall be computed lind reporied. The (orces shall be computed (rolll the impression diameter using Table 2 or the fol· lowing I3ril1ell formula: .

F. 2.2 X 1/ X 1t~ X (D-VD2 - d l ) (Eq I)

where F • Iransmltted force in pounds /I • average 8nnell hardness number of the impres­

sion bar D • diameter of the ifnpresslon ball In millimeters tl • diameter of Ihe Impression in millimeters

For the mcchanical proof tesl, cVldence of the pres­ence ur absence of substanllal contact t:ietwecn the shell and the slIspension ur headforl11 shall be reported.

'10:

,~

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z89.2·J971

Table 2 Transmitted Forces in Pounds

BrlneU Hardneu Number 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

3.9 485 1i15 640 1i65 1i95 620 650 675 700 730 755 785 810A J: 4.0 6tO 540 1i70 600 625 655 680 710 740 765 795 825 850

t! ~.1 540 1i70 600 630 660 690 720 750 775 ,!llQ 835 ii65 895

t 4.2 565 600 630 660 690 720 755 785 815 850 ii80 910 940 4.3 595 625 660 695 725 760, 790 m 860 890 925 955 99011 4.4 625 660 690 725 760 795 830 865 900 935 970 1000 1040

r! 4.5 650 6110 725 760 795 835 m 905 940 975 1m i051i 1085

1 4.6 680 no 760 7915 ..!ill. B70 910 950 985 1025 1060 1100 1135 4.7 715 755 790 830 870 910 950 !ll!.Q i030 1070 1110 1150 1190 4.8 745 785 825 870 . 910 950 990 1035 1075 1115 1155 1200 1240 Q, 4.9 780 jj66 950 995 1036' 1080 1125 1165 1210 1255 1295 .§ B20 905

'l5 5.0 BID m 900 945 990 1040 lOBO 1130 1175 1220 1265 1310 1355 Ii. I AB45 895 940 985 Ilm 1080 1130 1175 1220 1270 1315 1365 1410

b 5.2 TaO 930 980 1030 1080 1125 1175 1225 1275 1325 1370 1420 1470

J 5.3 920 970 Itl!lJ 1070 1120 1175 1225 1275 1325 137.'5 1430 1480 1530 5.4 955 1005 1060 1115 1165 1220, 1270 1325 1380 1430 1485 1535 1590 ' 5.5 ~ 1045 1100 1155 1210 1265 1320 1375 1430 1485 1540 1595 1650 5.6 1030 1085 1140 1200 1255 1310 1370 1421i 1480 1540 1600 1655 1710

NOTE I: V,luel below line A exceed or are equal 10 the Ipeclned averlge force. NOTE 2: Valuel below line B exceed or are equal 10 the Ipcctncd individual force.

8.4 Pendral/on Resbtanct Tesl 8.4.1 Appar.lUI. The apparatullhall consist of the

(ollowln,: (I) A standard headforrn as speclned In 8.3.1(1). (2) A one.pound plumb bob of Iteel with I point

having In Included .ngle of 35 degrees!1 degree, and a maximum point radius of 0.010 Inch.

8.4.2 Mountlna oC Specimen .. Specimens .hall be mounted as speclned In 8.3.2.

8.4.3 Tell Procedure .. The headforrn should be placed on lsubstlnllally level concrete noor beneath the plumb bob. The plumb bob shall be dropped ten teet to strike the .hell withIn I three·lnch diameter clr· cle, the center of which will be the geometric center of the shell. The plumb bob shall not fall on any ridges or Injection poInt •• Penetration shall be measured along the .Ide of the point of the plumb bob and shall Include the thlckneu of the shell.

8.4.4 Reportln,. The depth of penetration shall be reported as the average for three .peclmens.

8.5 FI.mmlbnlly Telt. American Nallonll Standard Method of Test for Flammability of Sclf.Supporting Plastic., K65.21.196~ (ASTM 0635.1969).2 shall be employed to determine conformance to 7.5. Three

2AvIUabie (rom American SoclelY (or TCIIIn,.nd Mllerlall, 1916 Race Sireel, Philadelphia, Pa 19103.

strip, shall be used in lieu of the ten specimens required In American National Standard K6S.21·1969. The spec· Imens shall be cut from the brim or side of the crown, whichever Is thinner.

8.5.1 Reportln •• The burning rate, In Inches per min· . ute, shaJJ be reported as the average for three specimens.

8.6 Water AblOrption Ted 8.6.1 Apparatu .. The test apparatus shall consist of

the following: (I) An oven of su(ficlent size where an even and

consistent temperature of 120'P can be maintained for at least four hours.

(2) A vessel containing fresh lap water of su(ficlent sIze to completely submerge. helmet shell.

8.6.2 MaunUn, of Specimen .. A helmet shall be placed In the oven to heat for at least four hours at 120'P.

8.6.3 Te.t Procedures. After heat conditioning for at least (our hours at 120' F. the shell shall be welg."'~tl. then submerged In fresh tap water for 24 hours at at· mospherlc pressure and room temperature. After re· moval from the water, the shell shall be wiped lightly with an absorbent cloth or paper towel In order to re· move surface moisture and then reweighed.

8.6.4 Reporllnl. The difference In weight (before and aCler Immersion) mulllplled by 100, and divided by the Initial weIght, equals the percent water absorption.

II

.!! DAIU. THIN 4 HOLES. 64 ' us£1- 201tC • 3 SOC ItO SIL CAP SCREWS

I DRlL", 2 tIOLfS 10 &LICIt lIITM HOUS "PLATE. AnACH AR11lOPLAT[ 'HAll USlIIG a -•• 1 lID tCllMCH $CfI£1IS

. •

&LlIMIIIUU Pt. ATE lI .. PftE~ BAR)

r-----------------------~p~----------------------~

I DI& STEEL SHAFT .-32 HEX SOC SET seRE-.

~------------.2i--------~~~--

* -20 MC-Z,4tt01.ES

sPo\CEA­NOT TO 11£ USED WITH:l1NCH IIII'A£S$IOIt BAIl

USE lINCH AND! IliCH SPAC£R Wl1M lINCH ANO liNCH IIIFRESSION BAAS, RESPECTIVELY

! Df.\ IWIIl£IWED STEEL 8AU. P£IiETAATDA

Fig. 1

l- ZONC-2, 4 HOLES.

r-__ USE 1- 20 IiC • ! soc HO STL CAP SCREwS

~- ZO NC-Z,4 HOLES.

US£!-ZONc·'l lID ttl) STL WACH SCREWS

BrineU Hardness Penetrato .. Assembly

ATTACH "AT BLOCK TO PLATE USING ND.IO fLAT tEAl) \NOOO SCREWS. DRILL PLATE!:CSK i . A IlE:EP

i DlA • !t LG S\J'POAT TUBE

'''ELDED IN PLATE)

~ rn ::0 -n > Z Z > --I 6 z > r ~ > Z o > ::0 o N 00 \0 N .:..

(~ \ ) '--

AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z89.2·/971

Fig. l SlIgscsled ApJlaralll~ for Measurement uf Cruwn Clenronce

~MERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Z89.2·1971

:be percent water absorption shall be reported as the .verage for tt."ee specimens.

'. Revision of American National Standards leferred to in This Document·

Vhen the rollowlng standards referred to In this docu· !lent are superseded by a revision approved by the

14

American National Standards Institute, the revision shall apply:

American National Standard Method of Test for Flam· mability of Self.Supporting Plastics, K65.21·1969 (ASTM D 635.(969)

American National Standard Practice for Occupational and Educational Eye and Face Protection, Z87.1·1968

o

Appendix (This Appendix Is not I part of American Nillonil Standard Speclncltlons for Industrial Protective Helmets for Elccll.lcaJ Workers, Class B, Z89.2·I97t. but Is Included for information purposes only.) ,

Recommendations and Precautioils Concerning Hehne! Use and Maintenance

AI. Laces

Laces, If any, should always be tIed securely with a square knot. •

A2. Cleaning

A common method of cleaning and sterilizing shells Is dipping them In hot water (approximately 140' F), con· talnlng a good detergent, for at least a minute. Shells should then be scrubbed and rinsed In clear water (ap­proximately 140' F). After rinsing, the shell should be carefully Inspecte'd for any signs of damage.

A3. Periodic Inspection

All components, shells, suspensions, headbands, sweat· bandl, and any accessories should be visually Inspected dally for signs of dents, cracks, penetration, or any other damage due to Impact, rough treatment, or wear that might reduce the degree of safety orlglnally pro-

. vlded. Any Industrial protective helmet that requires replacement, or replacement of any worn, damaged, or defective part, should be removed from service until the condition of weir or damage has been corrected.

A4, Limitation or Protection

Industrial protective helmet. In accordance with thla .tandard arc de.lgned to provide opllmum protection under average conditions. Users are cautioned that If unusual conditions prevail (such .. higher or lower ex· treme. of temperature than described, or other unusual conditions), or If there are signs of abuse or mutllallon of the helmet or any component, the margin of safety may be reduced.

AS. Sizes

Provisions may be made by the manufacturers of Indu .. trial protective helmets (or extra·small or extra·large sizes.

A6. Precautions'

Industrial protective helmets should not be stored or carried on the rear·window shelf of an automobile since sunlight and extreme heat may adversely affect the de· gree of protection. Also, in the case of emergency Slops or accident, the helmet might become a hazardous missile.

The addition of accessories to the helmet may ad· versely affect the original degrcc of protection.

I

A7. Safe Voltllge

Neither the "mechanical proor tcst" spcclned in 8.3.3.2 nor the "minimum breakdown voltage test''' requirement speclned In 8.2.3 should be construed to mean the sare voltage on which Insulating safety headgear may be used. Although Insulating safety headgear speclned in this standard will provide lOme protection throughout III voltage ranges, the degree of positive protection will depend upon the user's "factor of safety" applied be· tween the "minimum breakdown voltagc" and the volt­age on which It Is used. The maximum voltage against which Inlula ting safety headgear will protect the wearer depends upon I number of variable factors, luch as the characteristics of the electrical circuit and the equip· ment Involved, the care exercised In malntcnance of equipment, and weathcr conditions. Thercforc, the safe and proper local use of Insulating safety headgear Is beyond the scope of this standard.

AS. Inspection

Insulating safety headgear Is not normally Intended to be In contact with energized conductors or equipment. Periodic vlaual inspection and periodiC electrical tests are considered necessary and are recommended. This Is especially desirable In that this equipment Is also used II protection against Impact hazards, and dlelcctrlc strength may be Impaired by Impact. Frequency of such tests will depend upon usage, but Insulating safely headgear mUlt always be visually Inspected before each usage for cracks and signs of Impact and rough treatment.

IS

o

o

o

American National Standards

Th. It~ndard In this booklet lion. of n.arly .4,500 Itandardl approved to dot. by the American National Standards Inltltute, formerly th. USA Standords In . • tltute.

Th. Standards Institute provides th. machlr:'ery for creating vol~ntary Itan. dards. " ser ... es 10 eUmltlat. duplication of standards actl ... lllel and 10 weld con. nlctlng standards Into lingle, nationally accepted standards under tn, deslgna. lIan "Amerlcan Nallonal Standardl."

Each .tandard represent, general agr.emenl among maker, leller, and user groups as to th. b.st current practlc. with regard 10 sam. Ipeclfic problem. Thul ,h. compl.t.d standard, cu' acro .. ,h. whol. fabric of production, distribution, and conlumptlon of goods and servlc ... Am.rlcan National Slandard., by realon of Inilltu'. proc.durll. rtn.cl a national con .. nlus of manufaclurtrs, conlum.n, and "I.ntlnc, ,echnlcal, and prof.Sllonal organization I, and governm.ntal ogen· cl ... Th. compl.,.d standardl art used wld.ly by Industry and commerce and ofl.n by municipal, .'at., and f.d.ral.gav.rnm.nll.

Th. Standard. Inltltul., under whol' aUlplces Ihl. worle I. btlng don., 11th. Unlt.d Sta' .. cl.aringhoul' and coordinating body for slandardl activity on th. nallonal lev.1. " Is a f.deratlon of Irad. alloclallons, ,echnlcal 10cl •• I.I, prof". slonal groupl, and canlum.r organizations. Sam. 1,000 companies art affiliated with ,h. Inslltut. al company m.mbers.

Th. Am.rlcan Notional Slandard. Inltltu'. II Ih. United States m.mber of .h. Int.rnallanal Organization for Slcrndardll:atlon (ISO), th. International Electro· t.chnlcal Co,mmlilion (lEC), and ,h. Pan American Standard. Commission (COPANT). Through Ih.se chann.ls American Indultry mak .. lis polltlon f.1t on the In'ernallonal 1 ..... 1. American National Standards or. on fil. In th. libraries of the national .tandards bacll .. of more than 50 coun"I ...

For a frt. lI.t of all Amerlccrn National Standards, writ ••

Am.rlCin National Standards Instltut., Inc 1430 Broadway N.w York, N. Y. l001a