AN

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TiMEMMOMME

for Radioactive Materials - Special Lifting Devices for Shipping Containers Weighing 10 000 Pounds (4500 kg) or More

IMAM

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ANSI N14.6-1993

Revision of ANSI N14.6-1986

American National Standard for Radioactive Materials —

Special Lifting Devices for Shipping Containers Weighing 10 000 Pounds (4500 kg) or More

Secretariat

The Institute of Nuclear Materials Management

Approved June 28, 1993

American National Standards institute, Inc.

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American National Standard

Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI that the requirements for due process, consensus, and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer.

Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution.

The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.

The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give an interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretations should be ad-dressed to the secretariat or sponsor whose name appears on the title page of this standard.

CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute.

Published by

American National Standards Institute 11 West 42nd Street, New York, New York 10036

Copyright © 1993 by American National Standards Institute All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

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Contents Page

Foreword ii

1 Scope, purpose, and application 1

2 Normative references 1

3 Definitions 2

4 Design 3

5 Fabrication 5

6 Acceptance testing, maintenance, and assurance of continuing compliance 7

7 Special lifting devices for critical loads 9

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Foreword (This foreword is not part of American National Standard N14.6-1993.)

This American National Standard sets forth the requirements for design, fab-rication, testing, maintenance, and quality assurance programs for special lifting devices for containers for radioactive materials.

In the interests of brevity, this standard confines itself to considerations essential to the safe and convenient handling of containers that frequently enclose highly radioactive contents and must frequently be operated remotely. Considerations having the purpose of reducing contractual mis-understandings between purchaser and fabricator have not been included.

Standardization to promote uniformity of design or the use of a single device for containers of differing designs was not felt to be either practical or desirable.

Although it is self-evident, it should be noted that to ensure safety in mov-ing containers of radioactive materials, requirements and recommenda-tions contained in this standard should be matched by equivalent require-ments for all load-bearing members of the hoisting system.

Suggestions for improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to The Institute of Nuclear Materials Management, 60 Revere Drive, Suite 500, Northbrook, IL 60062.

This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by Accredited Standards Committee on Packaging and Transportation of Fissile and Radioactive Materials, N14. Committee approval of the stan-dard does not necessarily imply that all committee members voted for its approval. At the time it approved this standard, the N14 Committee had the following members:

John Arendt, Chair Edmund C. Tam uzzer, Vice-Chair, East USA Richard T. Haelsig, Vice-Chair, West USA Miriam J. Welch, Secretary

Organization Represented Name of Representative

American Industrial Hygiene Association R. L. Hoover American Institute of Chemical Engineers H. C. Carney American Insurance Service Group S. M. Fastman American Nuclear Insurers R. A. Oliveira American Nuclear Society D. M. Dawson Atomic Industrial Forum Committee on Transportation H. Walchli Center for Devices and Radiological Health E. Tupin

C. P. Froom (Alt.) Contract Traffic Managers Association Joyce Kuscinskas

C. A. Lopez (Alt.) Edison Electric Institute E. C. Tarnuzzer Factory Mutuals System P. H. Dobson Health Physics Society D. A. Edling Institute of Nuclear Materials Management J. W. Arendt International Association of Chiefs of Police R. H. Sostkowski Military Traffic Management Command J. Gibson U.S. Coast Guard F. K. Thompson U.S. Department of Energy F. P. Falci U.S. Department of Transportation (Representation Vacant) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency M. 0. Semler U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission C. MacDonald

D. R. Hopkins (Alt.)

Individual Members

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M. E. Bennett

L. Jackson

R. R. Rawl E. J. Bentz

B. Jody, Jr. W. H. Rucker L. G. Blalock

W. J. Keith

F. A. Seiler G. Chalfant

T. A. Kerr

A. Spiegelman J. R. Clark

C. Killian

W. C. Stoddart A. Co!burn

G. W. May

R. T. Tanaka P. E. Eggers

P. McCreery

R. H. Tows C. Fisher

J. J. McLellan

P. Turula D. Fisher

R. I. Newman

R. Vaughn A. T. Freeman

D. J. Nolan

B. H. Wakeman K. Goldmann

D. Notestein

M. E. Wangler A. W. Grella

J. J. Oras, Jr. S. F. Wawrzaszek R. M. Grenier

R. W. Peterson

M. J. Welch J. Haberman

R. Pope

B. Williams R. T. Haelsig

M. Rahimi

E. L. Wilmot

Subcommittee N14.6 had the following members at the time it processed and approved this standard:

G. A. Townes Chair— 1983 G. A. Townes Chair— 1983 (BE, Inc)

A. A. Haskell, Jr Chair — 1978

A. G. Eggers (Westinghouse Savannah River; Transnuclear, Inc)

J. H. Evans (Formerly Oak Ridge National Laboratories)

G. L. Faust (United Engineers)

E. C. Lusk (Consultant)

E. K. Opperman (Westinghouse Savannah River, Co., Inc)

S. D. Pearson (Chem-Nuclear Systems, Inc)

G. R. Walden (Duke Power Company)

T. A. Shelton (Nuclear Assurance Corporation)

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AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI N14.6-1993

American National Standard for Radioactive Materials —

Special Lifting Devices for Shipping Containers Weighing 10 000 Pounds (4500 kg) or More

1 Scope

1.1 This standard sets forth requirements for the design, fabrication, testing, maintenance, and quality assurance programs for special lift-ing devices for containers weighing 10 000 pounds (4500 kg) or more for radioactive mate-rials, and for those features of the attachment members of the container that affect the func-tion and safety of the lift.

In this standard, the term "special lifting devices" shall be considered to be lifting devices for radioactive material containers for which the use of simple slings or chains, with or without spreader bars, is not appropriate because of special requirements, such as the need for remote engagement or for safety considerations.

1.2 This standard shall apply to the following classes of special lifting devices:

— Those for use in making lifts with single-loadpath hoisting systems;

— Those for use in making lifts with dual-loadpath hoisting systems.

1.3 This standard shall apply to special lift-ing devices that transmit the load from lifting attachments, which are structural parts of a container, to the hook(s) of an overhead hoist-ing system.

This standard shall not be applicable to pal-lets or other special devices that are used in conjunction with lifting platforms, articulating booms, and similar types of hoisting systems.

2 Normative references

The following standards and publications con-tain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this American National Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agree-ments based on this American National Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below.

ANS1/ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code, 1989 section III — Nuclear power plant compo-nents NF-5340 NF-5350 Other parts made applicable through refer-ence by design specification Section V — Nondestructive examination Article 1 Article 6 Article 7 Article 24 Article 25 Section VIII — Pressure vessels — Alternative rules Section IX — Welding and brazing quali-fications

ANSI/ASME B30.2-1983, Overhead and gantry cranes (top running bridge, single or multiple girder, top running trolley hoist)

ANSI/ASME B30-9-1984, Slings

ANSI/AWS D1.1-86, Structural welding code — Steel

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ANSI N14.6-1993

ASTM A 370-77, Methods and definitions for mechanical testing of steel productsl)

ASTM E 208-84, Method for conducting drop-weight test to determine nil-ductility transition temperature of ferritic steels')

Steel Structures Painting Council Surface Preparation Specification No. 5 White metal blast cleaning (SSPC-SP5) 2): and Pictorial standards (SSPC-VIS-1 )2)

Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 3 ) Quality assurance criteria for nuclear power plants and fuel reprocessing plants Title 10 — Part 50 Appendix D Title 10— Part 100 Title 10 — Part 71 — Subpart H

3 Definitions

3.1 actuating mechanism: An assembly that is used to engage securely or disengage a special lifting device and a container.

3.2 adapter: A structural member inserted between elements of the hoisting system that are not otherwise compatible.

3.3 critical items list: A list that specifies the items of a special lifting device and their essential characteristics for which specified quality requirements shall apply in the design, fabrication, utilization, and maintenance of the device.

3.4 critical load: Any lifted load whose uncontrolled movement or release could adversely affect any safety-related system when such system is required for unit safety or could result in potential off-site exposures comparable to the guideline exposures out-lined in Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Part 100.

3.5 designer: The qualified individual responsible for establishing a concept for the special lifting device and developing the con-cept into a set of drawings, specifications, and procedures that will control its manufacture.

3.6 design rated load: The maximum load, as specified in the related purchase docu-

ments, that the special lifting device shall be designed to support.

3.7 dual-load-path hoisting system: A system providing two distinct paths of support from the crane through the special lifting device to the container. Each path is capable of supporting the container in such a manner that no uncontrolled movement of the contain-er will result from the failure or malfunction of a single part.

3.8 extension link: A load-bearing member that provides for a desired change in spacing between the container and the crane hook.

3.9 fracture toughness: A metal's resis-tance to crack initiation in the presence of a notch or flaw. It can be described in terms of the critical stress-intensity factor under condi-tions of plane stress or plane strain.

3.10 inspector: A qualified individual who performs inspections for the fabricator or pur-chaser.

3.11 lamellar tearing: A condition that may occur following the welding of thick rolled car-bon steel plates to each other, particularly at T-joints, where an internal delamination occurs in the base metal between flattened inclusions that are perpendicular to shrinkage stresses.

3.12 lead-in guides: Mechanical provisions for the alignment of two members of the hoist-ing system where the control of the alignment between these members is difficult because of the lack of precision available in the position-ing mechanism or because of the difficulty of observing accurately the relative positions of the two members to be mated.

3.13 load-bearing member: Any part in the load path of the special lifting device in which the induced stress is directly affected by the weight of the container connected to it.

3.14 maximum service load: The maxi-mum load that a special lifting device can lift as established by load testing. This load shall not exceed the maximum load the device is designed to support.

1) Available from ASTM, 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103.

2) Available from Steel Structures Painting Council, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 51213.

3) Available from Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

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3.15 qualified individual: A person who, by possession of a recognized degree or certifi-cate of professional standing, or by extensive knowledge, training, and experience, has demonstrated the ability to solve problems relating to the subject matter and work.

3.16 remote engagement: Provision for the engagement of two elements of the hoisting system, such as the lifting yoke(s) and a con-tainer, under circumstances that prevent the connection from being made by control direct-ly applied at the point of engagement.

3.17 stress design factor: The ratio of the allowable stress of the material from which a part is fabricated to the actual stress that part will experience in service. The stress allow-able may be based upon either the ultimate strength or yield strength, or both, depending upon the criteria selected by the designer.

4 Design

4.1 Designer's responsibilities

4.1.1 The designer shall prepare a design specification that defines the performance cri-teria for which the special lifting device is designed and that states the requirements for drawings, materials and their heat treatment (if any), fabrication practices, in-process inspection and testing, quality assurance requirements, documentation required, and record retention. The design specification shall also specify any limitations on the use of the device with respect to temperature, corro-sive environments, and the like, and shall specify information to be included on a name-plate or otherwise marked on the device.

4.1.2 The design specification shall include a critical items list, which identifies critical components and defines their critical charac-teristics. The design specification shall also specify for these components:

— Material identification, qualification, and control;

— Fabrication practices;

— In-process testing and inspection with acceptance criteria;

— Final product testing and inspection with acceptance criteria;

— The extent to which 10 CFR 50, Appendix B, 10 CFR 71, Subpart H, or other quality assurance requirements apply.

Although ANSI/ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code, 1989 — Section III does not per-tain specifically to special lifting devices, the designer may find appropriate sections that may be referenced for materials testing and control, fabrication practices, testing proce-dures, acceptance criteria, and qualification requirements.

4.1.3 The designer shall furnish a verified stress report that demonstrates compliance with the design specification, including the appropriate stress design factors.

4.1.4 The designer shall indicate what repair procedures are permissible and set criteria for acceptable repair procedures and testing.

4.1.5 The design specification, stress report, and design drawings shall be prepared, checked, and approved in accordance with the requirements of the specified quality assurance program. The adequacy of the design shall be verified by qualified individu-als who are not otherwise involved in the design or operation of the special lifting device.

4.2 Design criteria

4.2.1 Stress design factors

4.2.1.1 The load-bearing members of a spe-cial lifting device shall be capable of lifting three times the combined weight of the ship-ping container with which it will be used, plus the weight of intervening components of the special lifting device, without generating a combined shear stress or maximum tensile stress at any point in the device in excess of the corresponding minimum tensile yield strength of their materials of construction. They shall also be capable of lifting five times that weight without exceeding the ultimate tensile strength of the materials.

The shear stress shall be taken as an average value over the cross section. The tensile stress may be due to direct or bending loads. The tensile stress due to the direct load shall be assumed to be uniformly distributed and equal to the average value of stress over the cross section. The bending stress varies lin-early over the cross section. The tensile

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ANSI N14.6-1993

stresses due to direct and bending loads are additive. The designer shall establish and jus-tify stress factors for other states of stress.

Some materials have yield strengths very close to their ultimate strength. When materi-als that have yield strengths above 80% of their ultimate strength are used, each case requires special consideration, and the fore-going stress design factors are insufficient. In such cases, the designer shall establish and justify criteria to assure adequate material fracture toughness.

4.2.1.2 The foregoing stress design factors are not intended to apply to situations where high local stresses are relieved by slight local yielding in the material. The designer shall select and justify appropriate stress for these situations and include it in the stress report required by 4.1.3.

4.2.2 The manufacturer's rating of non-load-bearing components is acceptable if, in the opinion of the designer, the components will perform satisfactorily.

4.2.3 If a material displays no well-defined yield point, its yield strength may be taken to correspond to 0.2% strain offset criteria.

4.2.4 Load-bearing pins, extension links, and adapters used to connect mating mem-bers of special lifting devices shall be designed on the basis of criteria established in 4.2.1. Where possible, the weight of pins should permit manual handling.

4.2.5 In the event that wire rope or chain is used as an element in a special lifting device, it shall be in conformance with ANS1/ASME B30.9-1984.

4.2.6 Unless exempted by the provisions of paragraphs AM 214 and 218 and table ABM-1 of the ANS1/ASME Boiler and pressure ves-sel code, 1989, Section VIII, Division 2, ferritic materials for load-bearing members shall be subjected to a drop weight test in accordance with ASTM E 20884 or a Charpy impact test in accordance with ASTM A 370-77. The nil duc-tility transition (NDT) temperature, as deter-mined by the drop weight test, shall be at least 40°F (22°C) below the anticipated mini-mum service temperature. Charpy tests shall meet energy and lateral expansion require-ments of the design specification.

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4.3 Design considerations

4.3.1 Problems related to a) the environ-ment in which a special lifting device will operate, b) potential galling, and c) possible lamellar tearing shall be considered when the designer selects the construction materials and fabrication procedures for a lifting device.

4.3.2 Construction materials shall be select-ed or treated to avoid corrosion by decontami-nation materials identified by the user, which might include dennineralized water, oxalic acid, steam, 10% nitric acid, caustic solution, Na0H-tartaric acid, or proprietary materials. The designer shall list any exceptions to decontamination materials identified by the user.

4.3.3 Special lifting devices that require remote engagement with the shipping contain-er shall be provided with lead-in guides and sufficient clearance between the container attachment points and the lifting hook to allow simple motion engagement.

4.3.4 Special lifting devices shall be designed to assure distribution of the load to all load-bearing attachment points.

4.3.5 The means of attaching the special lifting device to the shipping container shall be addressed during the design to ensure the security of the attachment method under load in all handling positions.

4.3.6 Load-carrying components such as bolts or pins that may become inadvertently disengaged shall be fitted with cotter pins or lock pins of a positive locking type, lock wired, or provided with a retaining latch.

4.3.7 An actuating mechanism shall be used, if needed, to securely engage or to disengage a special lifting device and a container.

4.3.8 Engagement indication shall be pro-vided whenever it is difficult to observe the attachment point between the special lifting device and the shipping container.

4.3.9 Special lifting devices that are used in pools shall have a method of retrieval if unin-tentional disengagement with the crane Occurs.

4.3.10 Minimum requirements for nameplate and data content shall be provided.

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4.4 Design considerations to minimize decontamination efforts in special lifting device use

4.4.1 Cracks, crevices, holes, pockets, cavi-ties, or other areas where radioactive contam-inants are likely to collect shall be avoided unless required for a specific function.

4,4.2 Fabricated items and assemblies shall be designed to allow for decontamination washdown and to permit complete runoff of washdown solutions by drain holes, channels, or pipes.

4.4.3 Machined intersecting plane surfaces shall be provided with radii as opposed to intersections that leave open angles between 00 and 135°.

4.4.4 Grinding of the weld bead of the cover pass shall be avoided if the weld is free from coarse ripples, irregular surfaces, deep ridges, or valleys between beads.

4,4.5 Surface finishes subject to washdown shall be 260 rms (root mean square) or less except as indicated in 4.4.4 When specified by the buyer, finishes shall be equal to or smoother than buyer-approved samples.

4.4.6 Mechanical joints that are not subject to routine or periodic disassembly after initial fabrication should be seal welded all around.

4.5 Coatings

4.5.1 Nonferrous metal or alloy steel such as aluminum, stainless steel, or mon& shall not be coated unless specified by the buyer.

4.5.2 Nameplates shall not be coated.

4.5,3 Carbon steel surfaces subject to decon-tamination shall be coated with Phenoline 305, Amercoat 90, or other materials having equiva-lent properties with regard to ease of decon-tamination, as demonstrated by written data (except as indicated in 4.5.9). A thickness of 10 mils (0.25 mm) is recommended.

4.5.4 Prior to blast cleaning, surfaces shall be solvent cleaned of oil, grease, dirt, salt, and crayon marks. Weld splatter shall be removed by grinding.

4.6.5 Prior to coating, surfaces shall be blast cleaned to white metal in accordance with Steel Structures Painting Council Surface Preparation Specification No. 5 White metal

blast cleaning (SSPC-SP5). The appearance of the surface after cleaning shall correspond to Pictorial Standards of SSPC-VIS-1.

4.5.6 Surfaces shall be cleaned of cleaning materials by vacuuming or blasting with dry, oil-free air.

4.5.7 Coatings shall be mixed, handled, and applied in strict accordance with the manufac-turer's recommendations.

4.5.8 Runs or roughness shall be repaired.

4.5.9 Where compatible with buyer-specified decontamination materials, the designer may specify galvanizing or cadmium, chrome, or nickel plating with the buyer's approval.

4.5.10 Contact materials (tapes, marking pens, liquid penetrants, and the like) used on materials susceptible to stress corrosion cracking, such as stainless steel, shall contain less than 250 ppm total chloride.

4.6 Lubricants

4.6.1 Special lifting devices that are sub-merged in demineralized water pools shall not have exposed lubricants that contact pool water unless approved by the buyer. Sealed or dry (graphite or polytetrafluoroethylene) bearings are potential substitutes in this appli-cation.

4.6.2 Lubricants subject to radiation degra-dation shall be silicon-based, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, or commercially available radiation-resistant greases and oils.

4.6.3 Exposed lubricants subject to particu-late contamination shall be minimized by design of the special lifting devices with sealed bearings, and the like.

5 Fabrication

5.1 Fabricator's responsibilities

The fabricator's responsibilities shall include the items listed in 5.1.1 through 5.1.12.

5.1.1 Compliance with all aspects of the design specification and production of a spe-cial lifting device that meets the performance criteria outlined by the design specification,

5.1.2 Obtaining designer approval and doc- umenting the change when manufacturing

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convenience indicates a deviation from the detail of the design specification.

5.1.3 Selection and use of materials con-forming in all respects to the requirements of the design specification.

5.1.4 Compliance with fabrication practices referenced in the design specification and use of generally accepted good practices where no specification is provided.

5.1.5 Qualification of welding procedures, welders, and welding operators in accordance with ANSI/ASME Boiler and pressure vessel Code, 1989, Section IX, or by ANSI/AWS D1.1- 86, as required by the design specification.

5.1.6 Provision of a quality assurance pro-gram necessary to conform to the applicable requirements of Code of Federal Regulations, Title 10, Part 50, Appendix B, or Title 10, Part 71, Subpart H, which requires the fabricator to organize, plan, establish, document, implement, and maintain systems using written procedures. The extent to which 10 CFR 50, Appendix B, or 10 CFR 71, Subpart H, applies to the special lifting device in question is defined in the critical items list of the design specification.

5.1.7 Provision for identification and certifi-cation of materials, as required by the design specification and the critical items list.

5.1.8 Provision for in-process inspection and testing, as required by the design specifica-tion, and provision of information that may be required by the inspector in the performance of this function.

5.1.9 When the fabricator obtains materials or services for which the design specification imposes requirements, verification that such materials or services are produced under the

, appropriate controls and qualifications and meet requirements of the design specification, or performance of a suitable inspection and testing program to determine that they meet .those requirements.

5.1.10 Provision of written procedures for the performance of each step in the fabrica-tion, machining, testing, inspection, and assembly of the special lifting device.

5.1.11 Retention of, or supplying the buyer with, documents as required by purchase agreements verifying the conformance to the

6

design specification and any referenced spec-ifications or standards that may be included in the design specification. This documentation shall also include all pertinent information rel-ative to the procedures and materials used, the qualification of welders, welding opera-tors, testing personnel, and as-built drawings of the device.

5.1.12 Supplying the owner with certification of compliance verifying that all provisions and requirements of the design specification and the performance criteria have been met, and also supplying the owner with sufficient docu-mentation relative to conformance to satisfy need for quality assurance program.

5.2 Inspector's responsibilities

Various inspections of incoming material, in-process work, and finished product shall take place according to design specifications. In each case the purchase agreement shall determine who performs these inspections. In all cases, the responsibilities of the inspectors shall be as indicated in 5.2.1 through 5.2.6.

5.2.1 The inspector shall familiarize himself with the design specification and the specific requirements that demand verification by the inspector.

5.2.2 Where necessary, the inspector shall become qualified in the inspection or testing techniques required by the duties called for by the design specifications according to speci-fied standards.

5.2.3 The inspector shall verify by specified techniques, or suitable techniques if none are specified, that the material or component meets the requirements set forth by the design specification and shall provide docu-mentation of his approval.

5.2.4 The inspector shall tag or otherwise identify and isolate any material component or device that fails to conform to the requirements of the design specification; this shall be done in such a way as to indicate clearly its deficiency.

5.2.5 The inspector shall, where necessary, obtain from the fabricator or others the neces- sary records to support his inspection or testing.

5.2.6 The inspector shall be responsible for witnessing when the buyer requires the fabrica-tor to perform the acceptance testing of 5.2.1.

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5.3 Fabrication considerations

In general, the design specification will desig-nate fabrication practices to be followed or avoided. However, 5.3.1 through 5.3.3 list some practices to be followed for ease of decontamination or control of corrosion.

5.3.1 Materials that must be marked shall be marked by any method that will not result in harmful contamination or sharp discontinu-ities. Stamping, if not prohibited by design specification, shall be done by low-stress blunt-nosed-continuous-dot or blunt-nosed-interrupted-dot die stamps.

5.3.2 In grinding, cutting, or wire brushing stainless steels, care shall be taken that tools, wheels, or brushes are of compatible materi-als that do not carry foreign metal, which can become attached to or embedded in the stain-less surface.

5.3.3 In thermal cutting of stainless steel, the use of iron powder is prohibited in order to prevent dilution of the stainless composition.

6 Acceptance testing, maintenance, and assurance of continuing compliance

6.1 Owner's responsibilities

The owner shall be responsible for the items in 6.1.1 through 6.1.8.

6.1.1 Verifying by records furnished by the designer and the fabricator that the perfor-mance criteria have been met by the design specification, and that the design specification has been met by the fabricator.

6.1.2 Verifying by acceptance and functional testing performed or observed by himself or his representative that the performance crite-ria have been met.

6.1.3 Verifying by scheduled periodic testing that the special lifting device continues to meet its performance criteria and continues to be capable of reliable and safe performance of its functions, and providing a system that indicates the date of expiration of the validity of the test.

6.1.4 Providing an operating procedure for the use of the special lifting device outlining proper use and maintenance, and noting any limitation to its use.

6.1.5 Providing each special lifting device with identification that will serve to relate it to its intended use and that may be used to record its history (see 6.1.6).

6.1.5.1 Identifying subparts or subassem-blies that may be exchanged from one special lifting device to another of similar design, or that may be replaced because of wear or damage.

6.1.5.2 Marking each special lifting device with its maximum service load as established by acceptance testing and any other limitation on its use, such as minimum temperature.

6.1.5.3 Marking permanently each special lifting device which is to be used by some party other than the owner with the owner's name and address, and the date of manufacture.

6.1.6 Maintaining a full record of the history of the special lifting device or component, including documentation of required testing, all uses of the device, any incidents in which the device or any of its parts may have been loaded beyond the loads for which it was qualified, damage, distortion, replacement, repair, alterations, and inspections.

6.1.7 Removing from service any special lift-ing device or component for which the period of test validity has expired, which has experi-enced any incident causing doubt as to its continuing compliance, or which has been damaged.

6.12 Since the special lifting device may be employed by users other than the owner, the owner may have to delegate some of his responsibilities to a user. In such cases, the owner shall verify that the user will conform to his practices of use and recording of use, inci-dents, or damage and will remove from service any device about which there is some doubt.

6.2 Acceptance testing

6.2.1 Prior to its initial use, each device shall be subjected to a test load equal to 150% of the maximum service load. After sustaining the load for a period of not less than 10 minutes, critical areas, including all load-bearing welds, shall be subjected to nondestructive testing in accordance with 6.5 of this standard.

6.2.2 Except where load-bearing welds are involved, replacement parts fabricated to the

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same design, from the same heat of material, and processed in the same lot at the same time as parts that have successfully passed the load test described in 6.2.1 may be quali-fied by the testing of the initial sample. Any part with load bearing welds shall be individu-ally tested and inspected in accordance with 6.5 of this standard.

6.2,3 Non-load-bearing functioning parts shall be tested according to written proce-dures prior to initial use to verify that they per-form according to their purpose.

6.3 Testing to verify continuing compliance

6.3.1 Each special lifting device shall be subjected annually (period not to exceed 14 months) to either of the following:

a) A test load equal to 150% of the maxi-mum service load. After sustaining the test load for a period of not less than 10 minutes, critical areas, including major load-bearing welds, shall be subjected to visual inspection for defects, and all components shall be inspected for permanent deformation;

b) In cases where surface cleanliness and conditions permit, the load testing may be omitted, and dimensional testing, visual inspection, and nondestructive testing of major load-carrying welds and critical areas in accordance with 6.5 of this standard shall suffice. If the device has not been used for a period exceeding one year, this testing shall not be required. However, in this event, the test shall be applied before returning the device to service.

6.3.2 The load testing prescribed in 6.2.1 shall also be repeated prior to use following any major maintenance or alteration. Major maintenance or alteration is defined as a repair or design change in which load-bearing mem-bers are subjected to heating above 300°F (150°C), replacement or removal of significant quantities of metal, welding other than for sur-face repair, or plastic deformation of metal.

6.3.3 The load testing prescribed in 6.2.1 shall be performed following any incident in which any of the load-bearing components of the special lifting device may have been sub-jected to stresses substantially in excess of those for which it has been qualified by previ-ous testing, or following an incident that may

8

have caused permanent distortion of its load-bearing parts.

6.3.4 Functional testing prescribed in 6.2.3 shall be repeated annually (period not to exceed 14 months). If the special lifting device has not been used for a period exceeding one year, this testing shall not be required. However, the test shall be applied before returning the device to service.

6.3.5 Functional testing prescribed in 6.2.3 shall be repeated following any incident in which repairs or alterations have been required on non-load-bearing functioning com-ponents or in which the special lifting device has suffered detectable distortion.

6.3.6 Special lifting devices shall be visually inspected by operating personnel for indications of damage or deformation prior to each use.

6.3.7 Special lifting devices shall be visually inspected by maintenance or other nonoperat-ing personnel at intervals not to exceed three months in length for indications of damage or deformation.

6.3.8 Each special lifting device shall be tagged or the record system updated after annual testing, or both, indicating the expira-tion date of the validity of that test.

6.4 Maintenance and repair

6.4.1 Welding, fabrication, heat treatment, testing, and inspection procedures and qualifi-cations involved in repair or alteration of spe-cial lifting devices shall be in accordance with the design specification. If no special require-ments for repair or alteration are provided in the design specification, these operations shall be governed by the same requirements applying to the original fabrication.

6.4.2 Defective bolts, studs, and nuts shall be replaced rather than repaired.

6.5 Nondestructive testing procedures, personnel qualifications, and acceptance criteria

6.5.1 Inspections utilizing liquid penetrant or magnetic particle examination shall be per-formed by written procedures and by person-nel, both qualified in accordance with the rules in the ANSI/ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code, 1989, Section V, Articles 1, 6, 7, 24, and 25.

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ANSI N14.6-1993

6.5.2 Liquid penetrant and magnetic particle acceptance standards shall be as indicated in paragraphs NF-5350 and NF-5340, respec-tively, of the ANSI/ASME Boiler and pressure vessel code, 1989, Section III, Division 1.

7 Special lifting devices for critical loads

7.1 General

When special requirements call for the han-dling of a critical load, the crane performing the hoisting and transporting shall have spe-cial features, such as increased stress design factors or a dual-loading-path hoisting system. The special lifting device used with a crane such as this shall have either of the following:

a) Load-bearing members with increased stress design factors for handling the critical load;

b) A design such that while handling critical loads a single component failure or malfunc-tion shall not result in uncontrolled lowering of the load.

7.2 Design criteria

7.2.1 A special lifting device designed with increased stress design factors instead of a dual-load path shall have its load-bearing members designed with at least twice the nor-mal stress design factor for handling the criti-cal load.

7.2.2 The attachment from a critical load-han-dling crane with a dual-load-path hoisting sys-tem to the special lifting device shall be such that two separate and distinct load paths are provided. In the event that one path fails, the second path shall continue to hold the shipping container for transport to a setdown area.

7.2,3 The dual-load-path attachment points on the special lifting device shall be so designed that each load path will be able to support a static load 3W ("W being the weight of the critical load, including interven-

ing components of the lifting device) plus the impact load due to any weight transfer that occurs due to failure of one load path, without exceeding the yield point of the material.

7.2.4 In the event of a failure of one of the dual-load paths, the weight of the container is transferred from one load path to the other. Any expected increase in stress level shall be within design limits of all components, includ-ing those of the crane hoisting system. Provision should be made to minimize the time and distance for load transfer.

7.2.5 If it is intended that the load shall be shared between the two load paths, then pro-vision shall be included to allow for load-path slack takeup.

7.2.6 The special lifting device shall be designed to maintain a vertical load balance about the center of lift during its normal attachment.

7.3 Testing

7.3.1 Load testing shall be conducted in accordance with one of the following:

a) If option a) under 7.1 is chosen by the designer, acceptance testing of the special lifting device shall be conducted in accor-dance with 6.2.1, except that the test load shall be three times the weight that the device is to support. Similarly, annual testing shall be conducted in accordance with 6.3.1, except that the device shall be subjected to three times the weight that the device is to support.

b) If the designer chooses option b) under 7.1, acceptance and annual testing shall be conducted in accordance with 6.2.1 and 6.3.1, respectively, except that in each case each path in the dual-load-path device shall be subjected separately to a load test equal to 150% of the total weight to be lifted.

7.3.2 When performing the testing with a crane, care shall be exercised so that the crane performing the test shall not exceed load ratings allowed in ANSI/ ASME B30.2-1983.

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