Department of Tourism Science Tokyo Metropolitan University

ANNUAL REPORTFY 2016

１．Research Staff

２．Research Summaries

３．Publications

４．Awards and Honors

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１．Research Staff

Yu OKAMURAAssistant Professor/ Ph.D. (the University of Tokyo)Urban Design, Conservation Planning, Community-Based Tourism and Town Planning

Yukiko KATAGIRIAssistant Professor/ Ph.D. (Keio University)Landscape Planning, Tourism Planning

Naoaki FurukawaResearch Assistant Professor/ MArch. (Waseda University) Urban Planning, Dwelling Environment Improvement, Historical Environment Conservation

Norie HirataResearch Assistant Professor/ Ph.D. (Tourism Science) (Tokyo Metropolitan University) Community-Based Tourism Planning, Place Branding, Space Design

1.3 Tourism Policy and Tourism Information Unit

Yohei KURATAAssociate Professor/ Ph.D. (Spatial Information Science) (University of Maine, USA)Tourism Informatics, Spatial Information Science

Taketo NAOI Associate Professor/ Doctor of Philosophy (The University of Surrey)Tourism, Tourism Psychology

Yoshiaki HOMPOResearch Professor / M.A. (Tokyo Institute of Technology)Tourism Policy

Yumi TAKAZAWAResearch Assosiate Professor / Ph.D. (Kobe University)Regional Planning, Community-Based Tourism Planning

Makiko ASOResearch Assistant Professor/ MA in Tourism(University of the Ryukyus, Japan) , MBA (Graduate School of Management, Kyoto University, Japan)Learning from Experience of Business in Tourism

1.1 Nature-Based Tourism Unit

Takashi KOSAKI　Professor/ Doctor of Agriculture (Kyoto University)Terrestrial Ecosystems Management, Ecotourism, Environmental Education

Toshio KIKUCHI　Professor/ D. Sc. (Geography) (The University of Tsukuba)Agricultural and Rural Geography, Rural Tourism and Rurality-based Tourism, Sustainable Rural System, Food System and Food Tourism, Resource Management

Shinya NUMATA　Associate Professor/ Ph.D. (Tokyo Metropolitan University)Tropical Biology, Urban Ecology, Protected Area and Tourism

Koun SUGIMOTOAssistant Professor/ Ph.D (Tourism Science) (Tokyo Metropolitan University)Tourism Geography, Applied Geography, Geographic Information System

Etsuro TAKAGIAssistant Professor/ Ph.D (Agriculture) (The University of Tokyo)Forest Entomology, Population Ecology, Natural History

Tetsuro HOSAKAResearch Associate Professor/ Ph.D. (Kyoto University)Entomology, Ecology, Forest Science, Human-Nature Interaction

Ranaweerage ERANGAResearch AssistantProfessor/ Ph.D. (Tourism Science) (Tokyo Metropolitan University)Wildlife Tourism, Human Dimensions of Wildlife

Kei OTAResearch AssistantProfessor/ Ph.D. (Tourism Science) (Tokyo Metropolitan University)Tourism Geography, Land Use Change, Coastal Area, GIS

1.2 Culture-Based Tourism Unit

Tetsuro SHIMIZUProfessor/ Dr. of Engineering (Tokyo Institute of Technology)Transport Studies, Tourism Planning, Tourism Policy Study, Infrastructure Planning

Susumu KAWAHARAAssociate Professor/ Ph.D. (Waseda University)Urban planning & design, Destination Planning & Management, community-based development and tourism

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2.1 Nature-Based Tourism Unit

Restructuring and development mechanism of urban farming as rural commodification in Tokyo metropolitan area (Drs. Kikuchi, Sugimoto and Ota)

This research focuses on the restructuring and development mechanism of urban farming, and also describes the local impacts of commodification of rural space, using the Sunagawa area in Tachikawa City as an example. Urban farming fulfils not only productive functions, but has increasingly been expected to have a range of various functions, providing green space and amenities for a better living environment, or evacuation space in the case of disasters. However, there is no change in the fundamental function of small-scale urban agriculture, which provides a diverse range of safe farm products to urban residents. Such small-scale food production systems cannot compete with those of cheap farm products of large- scale farms, and these systems cannot satisfy the demand of large-scale urban markets. As a consequence, most products of urban farming are either directly marketed or find their way to local markets. This research focuses on the direct marketing of farm products by farm produce shops. Their types in an area are considered to reflect the development process and restructuring of urban farming, and the degree of the commodification of rural space. In response to continuous urban expansion and diversification of urban residents’ needs, there has been a shift from the traditional type of farm produce shops towards more complex types like the diversified product, the agri-processing-commercialization and the experiential-collaborative types. This evolution reflects the development process and mechanism of urban farming with commodification of rural space in the Sunagawa area.

Studies on rural tourism and food tourism (Dr. Kikuchi)One of rural and food tourism studies reveals the development

of wineries and its impact on rural commodification in Cowichan Valley in Vancouver Island, Canada. Wineries of Cowichan valley (total of 16) could be categorized as large-scale, medium-scale and small-scale wineries by the vineyard acreage. Mutual interdependency among wineries from small-scale to large-scale has largely impacted on its strong brand image and competitiveness in wine production regions through

２．Research Summaries

the development of wine tourism. Further, interconnections between wineries and local farms have resulted in the slow-food movement and the development of rural tourism, which could be identified as the core to the expansion of rural commodification. Weekly held farmers’ market has played a key role in creating close interactions between wineries and farms. Wineries of Cowichan valley originated as result of farmland acquisitions and wine productions by new farmers who longed for a rural and agricultural life. Their strong preferences and passion for wine and networking has triggered the commodification of rural space in the area.

Commodification of rural space in British Columbia, Canada; a case study of the circle farm tours (Dr. Kikuchi)

Circle Farm Tours had their origin in the idea that the public could be reacquainted with agriculture through visiting farms, whether out of curiosity, or because they were attracted by the fresh produce for sale, or perhaps they were simply wanting a lovely country outing. The Circle Farm Tour is a roadmap to agricultural attractions in the Fraser Valley. The tour is self-guided, allowing visitors to explore the Valley at their own pace and experience agricultural attractions in a fun and interactive way. There are five Circle Farm Tours at Agassiz/Harrison Mills, Maple Ridge/Pitt Meadows, Langley, Abbotsford, and Chilliwack. In 2003, Agassiz/Harrison Mills in the District of Kent created the concept, and it has developed into a partnership among six communities in the Fraser Valley—Abbotsford, Chilliwack, Kent, Mission, Langley and Maple Ridge/Pitt Meadows—to encourage the development of a strong agri-tourism sector. For example,

Development of Food tourism based on slow food and farm restaurants in Cowuchan Valley, Vancouver island, Canada

The commodification of rural spaces in in British Columbia, Canada; a case study of a raspberry farm

Development of farming-experience garden in the Tokyo metropolitan fringe

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community in urban and peripheral areas, and 3) identification of current and emerging human wildlife conflict in urban and peripheral areas. Some papers in relation to human wildlife conflict in Tokyo and effects of childhood nature experience on tolerance to human wildlife conflict were published in this fiscal year.

Current situation and issues of comanagement in a protected area, Japan: The case of Yatsugatake mountain range (Drs.Numata, Hosaka and Takagi)

It is important to incorporate local perspectives in protected area (PA) policy to reduce conflicts associated with management. However, there is no clear consensus on the most suitable approach for this incorporation.To understand current situation and issues of comanagement in a protected area,we studied the convention of Yatsugatake mountain range in terms of awareness of issues on PA management. Our results reveal that only some issues on PA management were shared by stakeholders of the conference. Sharing management issues may be of strategic importance in promoting benefit and reducing conflict in PA.

Spatio-temporal analysis and visualization of tourist dynamics using GIS-based techniques (Dr.Sugimoto)

Using spatio-temporal analysis, a series of studies on tourist dynamics were conducted to elucidate the phenomenon of tourism and to elicit acquired knowledge that could be applied to tourism marketing and impact evaluation for tourism. First, tourist dynamics in metropolitan areas on single days were analyzed using a large people-flow dataset derived from “person-trip data.” Next, we applied the area marketing method using GIS and conducted a study to examine the characteristics of the tourism site based on the visitors' residential areas. In addition, corporative research was conducted different subjects, such as motivation of urban residents with regard to nature-based tourism, spatio-temporal behavioral pattern of community cycle tourists, and sports tourist behaviors with a focus on football fans.

Fundamental study on effective space utilization for MICE strategy in citeis (Drs.Sugimoto and Kikuchi)

With the intensification of global inter-city competition, attracting MICE has been regarded as one of the most important measures for strengthening a city’s international competitiveness. To facilitate the growth of the MICE industry in Tokyo, it is crucial that measures to develop organizations and personnel be implemented alongside measures related to aspects of implementation, such as those to facilitate regional cooperation for sightseeing tours after sales conventions and those to construct city infrastructure that is suitable for MICE. In FY 2016, fundamental surveys were conducted on MICE’s attractive strategies and the urban infrastructure in Tokyo, Singapore, Brussels, and Perth. In addition, spatial databases of MICE related

the Circle Farm Tour in Abbotsford encourages visits to Granny & Grump’s Antiques, Birchwood Dairy Farm, Bakerview Eco-dairy, Fraser Valley Trout Hatchery, Maan Farms Market & Estate Winery, Neufeld Farms, Campbell’s Gold Honey Farm & Meadery, Tanglebank Gardens & Brambles Bistro, Onnink’s Blueberry Farm, Singletree Winery, Mt. Lehman Winery, Goat’s Pride Dairy, Lepp Farm Market, and Restaurant 62. In addition to these destinations, others, such as a pioneer village, museums, a fur trading post, garden centres, and a pottery studio are included in other Circle Farm Tours.

General flowering phenomenon in Southeast Asia(Drs.Numata and Hosaka)

General flowering (GF) is supra-annual community-level synchronization of reproduction of many plant taxa in Southeast Asian rainforests. In this region, diverse tree species including dipterocarp species represent reproductive synchronization with 5-7 months at irregular intervals of 1–10 years. GF results in a massive number of fruits in the forests, and therefore GF plays a central role in the successful regeneration of dipterocarp forests in Southeast Asia. In this fiscal year, we quantified interspecific variation of flowering and fruiting behavior of 112 dipterocarp species and identified reproductive synchronization events for 35 years using long-term monthly record of dipterocarp trees grown in dipterocarp arboretum, in Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM). In this year, we analyzed reproductive seasonality of 349 canopy tree species including 89 dipterocarp and 240 non dipterocarp species. We found strong seasonality of dipterocarp species: two peaks, one in the first half and one in the second half of the year. On the other hand, non dipterocarp species showed less seasonality than dipterocarp species. We suppose that seasonality of dipterocarp is essential to strengthen synchrony of flowering and fruiting in a general flowering time.

Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in urban and peripheral ecosystems (Drs.Numata, Hosaka, Takagi, Kikuchi, Sugimoto, Shimizu, Katagiri and Kawahara)

The world’s urban population is predicted to reach nearly 5 billion by 2030 with much of this growth in developing countries and in cities with < 500 000 inhabitants. Green areas have been justified on the basis of ecological and social services such as improved climate, hygiene, aesthetics, recreational opportunities, environmental protection and biodiversity. In order to improve and optimize urban biodiversity, participation of local people is essential. However, the increasing human population and the associated increase in rates of resource use and habitat loss are forcing competition between wildlife and people for space and food resources (human-wildlife conflict). Towards an achievement of conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity in urban and peripheral ecosystems, we have conducted 1) evaluation of natural environment and biodiversity in urban and peripheral areas, 2) understanding of natural resource use by local

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new areas, they may lose their original host plants. Therefore, the insects sometimes use novel host plants, and colonize new areas. The availability of the new hosts can thus facilitate further expansion into regions beyond the geographic range of the original hosts. As a result, the insects specialize on different host plant taxa in different parts of their geographic range.

Recently, an appreciation has been developing of how multi-species interactions synergistically or antagonistically alter the ecological and evolutionary outcomes of interactions from outcomes predicted by pairwise interactions.

In urban and tourist areas, introduction of organisms by human activities may cause drastical changes in the biological communities. Thus, to demonstrate the interactions among organisms in urban and tourist areas, I conducted field surveys and experiments.

I showed that 1) a speciation of plant bug, and 2) a potential impact of an exotic plant invasion on both plant and arthropod communities, at the glassland in a tourist area. I also showed that 3) a new host record of the seed parasitoid wasp, at the urban parks.

Biodiversity conservation in urban areas (Drs.Hosaka, Numata, Kikuchi, Shimizu, Kawahara, Katagiri, Sugimoto and Takagi)

To understand attitudes (i.e., preference, willingness for coexistence and tolerance) of urban residents towards wildlife, we conducted questionnaire surveys in Japan, Malaysia and Singapore. We found some common results across countries: (1) people liked insects and birds, but did not want to coexist with mammals, (2) people who had more experiences with nature in their childhood showed more positive attitudes toward wildlife, (3) females and elderly people had more negative attitudes toward wildlife than males and younger people. These results were presented in the annual meeting of Ecological Scoceity Japan and Mammal Society of Japan, and published in PLOS ONE. Also, we made suggestions based on these results in the workshop with local governments for development of local biodiversity act.

Entomological culture and insect-related tourism in Japan (Dr.Hosaka)

Insects consist of more than half of global biodiveristy and are one of the key components of ecosystem integrity. However, people generally looked insects with indifference, nusance or disgust, which pose an obstacle to global insect conservation. On the other hand, Japanese people traditinally have insect-appreciating culture and still have variety of events and tourism related to insects. In this study, I conducted literature and website survey and described the extent and characteristics of insect-related tourism in the modern Japan as examples how to enjoy interaction with insects. The results of this study were published in a magazine of Entomological Society of America, American Entomologist, and The International Journal of Tourism Science, and were presented in a lecture of Open University to general public.

facilities were developed and events were organized.

Comprehensive study on regional and tourism dynamics to facilitate problem solving and the reconstruction of urban tourism destinations (focusing on Ueno District in Tokyo) (Drs.Sugimoto, Ota and Kikuchi)

The number of urban tourism destinations in Tokyo Metropolis has been growing; stable foundations for management have been established in response to huge market demand, including among city residents. However, various issues related to regional and tourism management have emerged due to changes in the city structure caused by urban development, population changes, globalization, the growth of competitive regions, etc. To provide a method for solving these issues and for facilitating the reconstruction of urban tourist destinations, a comprehensive research project on regional and tourism dynamics was conducted in the Ueno District, Tokyo. In FY 2016, spatial changes and the relevant driving forces were analyzed and clarified using several geographical techniques. GIS was used to visualize commercial and tourist spaces in the modern and Edo periods and the key persons in the Ueno District were interviewed. In addition, surveys were conducted on general matters such as, changes in population, industry, regional planning, and tourism policy and the analysis of changes in the industry composition, land use, and landscape of shopping districts.

Study on youth tourism and its accepers (Drs.Sugimoto and Ota)

As a subcommittee of the Japan Tourism Studies Association, we set up a research group consisting of six young researchers specializing in geography and started a project focusing on youth tourism and leisure in large cities. The purpose of this project included 1) to organize tourism and leisure, which young people can experience at each stage of their lives, 2) to understand spatial behavior, spatial recognition, and activity areas of youth tourism and leisure, 3) to understand the regional accepters of tourism and leisure for young people. In FY 2016, first we reviewed articles related to the culture and tourism/leisure behavior of young people, and were able to identify the distinctive aspects of youth tourism and leisure behavior (interest in events, use of SNS, and others). Second, we considered question items for the web-based survey targeting young people. Third, each member investigated tourism and leisure spaces in Tokyo where young people gathered (such as live houses, event venues, cruise, animation shops, receiving places of educational travel, restaurants).

Species interactions in urban and tourist areas (Dr.Takagi)Biodiversity comes from species diversification and interactions

among them. For example, dietary speciation and host shifting have been proposed to promote herbivore diversification. When monophagous and oligophagous insect herbivores colonize

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Flowering phenology of plants and seed predator insects in Southeast Asian tropical rainforests (Drs. Hosaka and Numata)

In lowland rainforests of southeast Asia, many plant species, including predominant dipterocarps, synchronously flower and fruit every 2-10 years, which is called general flowering. The timing of general flowering and its effects on animals and insects are unanswered questions in ecology for a long-time. We analyzed the data on flowering and fruiting of 112 dipterocarp and 240 non-dipterocarp species for 35 years at arboretum in Forest Research Institute Malaysia. We found that 86% of dipterocarps and 83% of non-dipterocarps flowerd less frequently than every two years. Dipterocarps tended to flower in March-May and/or Septermber/November while many non-dipterocarps showed no clear seasonality. We also conducted studies on responses of seed-feeding insects to general flowering and seed predation intensity. The results of the study were presented in the annual meeting of Japan Society of Tropical Ecology and Ecological Society Japan, and published in a journal of Association for Tropical Biology Conservation, Biotropica.

Tourism effects on wildlife in protected areas (Dr.Ranaweerage)

Tourism-induced disturbance is a growing concern in wildlife conservation worldwide as the target species for tourism are threatened or endangered species in many cases. It is concerned that disturbance from tourism activities can cause decrease in feeding time and increase in energy expenditure of animals, which degrade the health condition of animals and their reproductive ability. We examined the behavioral changes of free-ranging Asian elephants in a Protected area in Sri Lanka. Human impact on free ranging elephants is often studied and revealed based on elephant death or injury caused by human–elephant conflict because such impacts are extreme as well as recognizable and comparably easy to measure. Consequently, less attention is paid on issues of non-consumptive use of elephants such as tourism disturbance on elephants.

The study identified specific behavioral changes of elephants during the tourism activities and also several causes for such behavioral changes. Further, the study discusses the importance of monitoring tourism effects on endangered species such as Asian elephants and taking proper measures including controlled tourist behavior and vehicle activity in protected areas in order to reduce disturbance of wildlife behavior.

Wildlife management and rural community in the third world (Dr.Ranaweerage)

Third world countries have high biodiversity, but also face serious issues of wildlife management. One such issue is the conflicts between wildlife authorities and rural people.

Establishment of wildlife management measures such as protected areas has been causing various costs to rural people including inaccessibility to resources, forced migration, wildlife damage to crops, properties and lives. Consequently, rural people are less supportive of conservation efforts. In this context, wildlife tourism is considered an important mean of connecting rural communities with wildlife authorities and rural development. This study investigated the involvement of rural community in wildlife tourism in Sri Lanka through the analysis of socio-economic data and revealed the impact of wildlife tourism in linking rural community and wildlife management by comparing the attitudes of people who are involved in tourism with those who are not involved in tourism.

A study on the foundation of coastal resorts in the Tokyo metropolitan area (Dr. Ota)

This research is based on an empirical approach to the foundation and management of the coastal resorts in the Tokyo metropolitan area since the 1990s when the production-age population began to decline. In the Southern Boso area located in the Tokyo metropolitan area in recent years, the guest house business developed after World War II had caused various internal and external problems. Specifically, the main problems in the accommodation industry are shortage of lodging because of aging and a decrease in lodging demand due to the development of the highway network. In this study, the regional response to these issues was examined from the viewpoint of land use, socio-economic infrastructure, and employment structure. As a result, it was suggested that the accommodation facility being used specially for school camps be upgraded and that the guesthouse region be maintained by expanding the working area that accepts women workers and seasonal workers from outside.

A basic study on the establishment of the industrial promotion plan in Kodaira City, Tokyo (Dr. Ota)

In recent years, the environment surrounding the city industry in Kodaira city, Tokyo, has undergone significant changes, including the relocation of factories and the reduction in size accompanying the progress of housing conversion and industrial structure, the discontinuation of individual shops, and the reduction in the size of farmland. For this reason, Kodaira City is planning to formulate a new basic industrial promotion plan and an agriculture promotion plan. Therefore, in order to make these plans, we obtained basic data by analyzing citizens' purchasing behavior, industry recognition, etc. and studying the business situation from the point of view of the issues of city business operators, future directions, etc. For the survey, we conducted interviews with corporations, shops, and farmers and conducted a questionnaire survey among citizens, companies, and farmers in order to study the actual condition of the industries in Kodaira City. As a result, it was suggested that the problem of chronic shortage of workers in Kodaira City could be solved by high

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women's motivation to work. This survey was conducted in collaboration with Tokyo Metropolitan University, Kodaira City Industry Promotion Division, and Tama Shinkin Bank.

1.2 Culture-Based Tourism Unit

Development of Educational Programs for Experts of Regional and Tourism Promotion (Drs.Shimizu, Kawahara, Kurata, Okamura, Katagiri and Hirata)

An educational program for experts who plan tourism promotion measures and research on marketing strategies in regions in data-oriented ways was developed. In concrete, "Regional Project School" was newly launched under the collaboration of TMU and the Tama Shinkin Bank, and the school developed and implemented the educational program for administrative officers in local governments. In the progtam, participants learned basic skills on searching, analysis and display of regional dataset on demography, industry, landuse, transport and tourism, current sisutation on big data development and use. In addition, they exercised project proposal on regional revitalization using those skills and knowledge. The effects of the program was evaluated in four "data handling and utilization skills" through self-evaluation by participants. It was confirmed that many of them improved their data handling and utilization skills by the program. On the other hand, organizations and contents in each lecture, target policy field to be learnt in the program, and proper lecture level setting by considering participants' data handling and utilization skills were confirmed toward the program improvement.

Studies on Analytical Methods of Geolocation Big Data and Statistics for Tourism Promotion and Transport Management Policies (Drs.Shimizu and Katagiri)

Several studies relating to analytical methods using geolocation big data obtained by mobile devices and tourism and transport statistics toward policy proposals were conducted. First, the effect of inter-city transport accessibility on number of tourist visitors to tourism destinations was analyzed using the Mobile Spatial Statistics (Docomo InsightMarketing Inc.). Second, inefficiency of inter-city travel by foreign visitors was evaluated using In-bound

GPS Data (Navitime Japan Co. Ltd.). Third, route choice behavior and time value on expressway netowrk in the Tokyo Metropolitan Region by time-of-day and day-of-week were analyzed using ETC transaction data and Mobile Car Navigation GPS Data (Navitime Japan Co. Ltd.). Fourth, production ripple effect of transport and tourism industries was analyzed through Input Output Analysis framework using Input Output Table and tourism statistics data.

Studies on Local Traffic Management Scheme for Community Development in Tourism Destinations (Drs.Shimizu, Kawahara and Katagiri)

Several studies relating to local traffic management scheme which promotes community development in tourism destinations were conducted. First, characteristics of willingness-to-pay to reservation fee and parking fee, on the assumption that ICT-based parking researvation system is installed to tourism destinations with insufficient number of parking slots and acces road network, were analyzed through questionnaire surveys. Second, evaluation factors on traffic and tourism functions on street network with various types of travel demand and commercial activities in the World Heritage city was analyzed through questionnaire surveys toward development of evaluation method on local traffic management in walkable cities. Third, gaps between characteristics of bicycle use identified by interview surveys and measures listed in urban bicycle transport planning documents in US cities were analyzed.

A study on the planning technology systematization and education development of community -based tourism development (Drs. Kawahara and Okamura )

Recently, national and local government is pinning high hopes for a tourism as a regional revitalization method, but the scheme is still in beginning stages. Since, the field of Urban planning like Community-based development were tend to merge with tourism for a CBTD(Community Based Tourism Development), this research aims to systemize a planning technology for CBTD from the aspect of policy to the field work. This study is being carried out by “Tourism and Regional Planning Sub Comittee (representative: Susumu Kawahara)” in Architectural Institute of Japan.

To set up a DMO(Destination Management Organization) system, we studied some advancement cities (England, Australia, Toba). Also, we conducted some surveys to get information the method of controlling the number of tourists and utilizing tourism to motivate sustainable preservation of historical areas.

This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 26283016.

The Mount Takao Regional Tourist Area Management Project (Dr. Kawahara)

The aim of this research is to develop a new scheme and Pictures from the Regional Project School

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that later became the base of our area management activities, and to establish an area management organization to help start-up of activities. In fiscal 2016, seven projects conducted by AMAM members are started. The construction of the club house have opened at the April in 2017. Our laboratory led the activity archiving project to record and disseminate the history of activities on various media, with the aim of communicating the significance and activities of area management to people in the town for 10 years.

Theory construction and case study of “Open City Programme” (Dr. Okamura)

“Open City Programme” is a very simple idea that multiple local resources are temporally and simultaneously open for the general public to enter usually during a specific weekend, developing across the globe. These have been quite attractive because they are able to contribute to enhancing tourism or interaction, utilsing public spaces or local resources and regenerating local community. This study comprehensively deals with a variety of “Open City Programme” initiatives and discusses the principle and the methodology for organising those. In 2016, particularly, focusing on “Open House”, which especially deals with building, we held a symposium in Tokyo and Yokohama in November, where Victoria Thornton, the founder of Open House London, participated and discussed with Japanese researchers and “Open House” organisers. Besides, we also worked diligently on writing for publishing a book.

methods of sharing tourism revenue with destination planning and management, in order to reduce negative impacts of tourism, and to create the personality and appeal of tourist areas. An example of this in practice is the Mount Takao Regional Tourist Area Management Project, an initiative triggered by the Takaosan-guchi Station Surrounding Area Urban Planning Policy established in March 2016 by Hachioji City Office. My laboratory first created models and took action for dealing with the issues raised by this plan, which cannot be resolved without the active involvement of local residents and businesses. The goal is to link these issues to sustained activities by residents and private businesses. For example, the traffic congestion encountered during the autumn leave season is a headache for local residents. One causal factor is the inefficiency of moving cars in and out of the temporary parking lots set up by residents. We created the Takao Town Parking! service, which enables car-parking information at a glance and provide pre-booking online service (via the Internet). This does more than simply address the problem of traffic congestion: it also creates a scheme that allows parking fees to be raised appropriately based on the added value of pre-bookings. Some of the earnings from the higher parking fees are returned to the community in the form of Town Funds. We are dreaming on running community bus services, organizing marché, building new mountain trails to manage overused facilities.

Our research involves establishing a process for expansion by confirming user needs and how much users are willing to pay, building small test cases to verify feasibility, and share the outcome of successful activities with local communities through events and news release. In realizing these dreams, we joined forces with a company involved in the parking lot sharing business. We partnered with a parking business company to provide “Nokisaki parking”, a customized system for renting parking spaces of private houses. From now on, we aim to develop value-added services added to “the Takao Town Parking!“ , and to decide how to manage the funds.

An action research study on an area management methods to regenerate “Satoyama” areas and to support community development at the time of large-scale residential housing development (Dr. Kawahara)

This project is an action research to promote the conservation and uti l izat ion of regional resources by using an area management method. Our laboratory has participated in “Area Management Association MINAMIYAMA(AMAM)” which aim to regenerate “Satoyama”, community-based forest, as a mitigation and to develop a sense of community in large-scale housing development in Inagi City, Tokyo. AMAM is composed of various stakeholders such as a land owner, a developer, an urban planner, a NPO worker who manages forest and vegetable fileds, a designer, a community café owner, a musician and a professor. In 2014-2015 our laboratory organized a series of design workshops and events with other AMAM members to build a club house

南山のちょっと先の未 来

里山の恵みが循環するまち、南山南山のちょっと先の未来

イラスト：浦和 さやか　（WAKUWORKS）

奥畑谷戸公園で駆け回るこどもたち、休日にピクニックしている家族や野菜づくりを楽しんだり、里山の手入れに勤しんだりと、このまちで暮らす人たちは里山やまちなかのみどりと親しんでいます。

奥畑谷戸公園事務所は、里山とつながる地域の交流拠点として、里山の恵みをいかした季節の手仕事をしたり、自然にふれる機会が盛りだくさん。

これは、南山のまちの「ちょっと先の未来想像図」。このまちに広がる「みどりと関わりあう豊かな暮らし」、あなたも一緒にまちを育てていきませんか？

奥畑谷戸公園事務所エリアマネジメント南山の活動拠点

奥畑谷戸公園使いながら作る自分たちの公園

展望デッキ

猛禽類

炭焼き窯

家族や仲間と野菜づくり

コミュニティ菜園

里山の恵みを楽しむ

草木染め

自然を知る・ふれる

自然散策

自然にふれ、味わう

農業体験

まちのみどりを育てる

苗木の育成

関東平野が一望！

里山の手入れ心地いい環境を維持する

植樹どんぐりから育てた苗木の植樹

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Future image of "Satoyama_ living" in Minamiyama

Open City Programme

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vacant factory. With these projects, we are trying to realize the area’s potential through activities, recreating a more creative and active city culture and identity.

L a n d s c a p e C o n s e r v a t i o n P o l i c y a n d T o u r i s m Developments in the Traditional Settlement of Santorini Island, Greece (Dr. Okamura)

In recent years our research team has made investigations into the relationship between landscape conservation policy and tourism development in Greek traditional settlements designated by the various regulations of this state. This research focused on some specific differences of cultural landscape in traditional settlements of Santorini Island, Aegean Sea, which are designated and conserved by Greek government. Particularly, the traditional settlement of Oia is truly well conserved comparing to the other settlements. Actually, this research clarified the existence of several special regulations issued in 1993, 1995 and 2000 for this town exclusively. Among them especially the Executive Order of 1993 has to be regarded as the most significant regulation in relation to the preservation of cultural and natural assetsas well as the maintenance of order in society. Analysing the above regulations, we also conducted field investigations three times. In conclusion, the research team attributed this high-quality tourism operation and management in Oia for these concrete developments of legal systems.

Local publ ic transportation sysytem as tourism infrastructure to motivate new urban tourism (Drs.Katagiri, Shimizu, Kawahara and Okamura)

This study provide the public transportation system and tourism program utilising the current bus service and tourism attractions for Tokyo center east area (Chiyoda Ward, Bunkyo Ward, Taito Ward, Sumida Ward) . We conduted fileld servey in the area, analysis with the maps collected by the Tokyo Cultural Resources Alliance, and the project based learning (PBL) for graduate students to discuss this subject. The students proposed a concept "Sightseeing for another two steps, Daily life with another two steps" and public transportation system that supports the local living and activities as same as community-based urban tourism. They added the main line of the outer circumference which made use of the existing bus route and the community bus level line to the boundary area with design

Practice of “Walkable city” by Non-profit organisation in Chigasaki City (Dr. Okamura)

In August of 2016 Urban Design Centre Chigasaki was established as a non-profit organization requiring both civic nature and expertness, which address social issue in terms of urban design. That is such an organisation that contributes to creative work on the basis of the future vision with fostering collaboration between public, private and academic sector. Particularly, we focus on town walk, which could be the origin of improvement of town scape, promotion of health, developing tourism and supporting education. Therefore, this organisation has conducted discovering a local resource, providing multiple opportunities for walk and refurbishing urban spaces. Okamura as a vice president, has been in charge of organisational operation and projects. In January of 2017, they held a symposium in Chigasaki and attracted as many as one hundred people.

Vision making and practice of Ota Creative Town (Drs. Okamura and Kawahara)

Recently in Japan, the urban environment in industrial cities has been changing due to changes in the industrial, economical, and social structure. Ota Ward in Tokyo has small industrial districts, some of which are mixed-use areas and factories still possess sophisticated skill-sets, their working environment is inadequate as it is surrounded by too many residential dwellings. In addition, it is too difficult to pass technical knowledge onto succeeding generations. In this research, we focus on a comprehensive and active planning method, specifically, on how to integrate manufacturing, community development, and city promotion so as to solve this kind of problem in mixed residential-industrial cities. Firstly, we investigated the local resources, which consisted of a small industrial network of a “mixed-used” status in Ota Ward that had access to an international airport. Secondly, we created a vision encompassing these three points: (1) Stock (property) management, (2) Supporting Creative Industry, and (3) City Promotion via Industrial Tourism.Currently two projects are in progress: One is the industrial tourism event, “Ota Open Factory”, which is a one day program where many restricted access small factories are opened to the public in the mixed-used industrial area; and the other is “Creative Town Lab. Tamagawa”, which is an active community space (usable for education, workshops, meetings, exhibitions, events) that has been converted from a

Ota Open Factory

Santorini Island in Greece

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that connects the bus stops and the surrounding attractions and activities. We held a forum for present this proposal with local government and the activity group in the area and exchanged opinions.

A Study on development of the hiking trails for citizens in urban fringe of Tokyo City during early Showa era (Drs. Katagiri and Okamura)

In 1930’s, Tokyo City and Tokyo Railway Bureau had developed “Shimin-Kenko-ro”（Hiking Trails for Citizens） in the suburbs of Tokyo. To clarify the implications and outcomes of the project as a tourism promotion project that targets for urban residents, we conducted literature survey focusing on （1） the development of project, （2） the stakeholders and their goal and policies and

（3） the social background. We found that this project promoted multi-sectional or inter-organizational tourism development for Tokyo City. It was related to the policy of Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Welfare, and both welfare and tourism section were concerned with this project in Tokyo City government. Tokyo Railway Bureau and other railway companies cooperated to develop the hiking trails and discount train ticket for hikers. For Local governments and other organizations in Tama, this project was a practice for the tourism development in Keienchi and Scenic zones of Tokyo Park System.

Study on the interaction between the policies for parks and open spaces and urban greening and the urban tourism - A case study in Singapore (Drs. Katagiri and Shimizu)

This study demonstrate the interaction between the policies for parks and open spaces and urban greening and the urban tourism as a urban strategy. The target area is Singapore as a global city in Asia.We conducted literature research on the master plans, tourism plans and project, land use plans, housing development plans and leisure plans, analyzed the interaction of thies sides. Futhermore, a field observation and a questionnaire survey to residents and tourists on "Southern Ridges" were carried out. As the result, we found that the relivence between enrichment of urban green space and improvement of the quality of life of urban residents is strengthened, otherwides as a policy side, it is no longer regarded as a direct tourism attraction as in the past. On the other hand, the park connector which links isolated tourism attractions and residential areas, as the case of Southern Ridges, we found that it is meeting needs of both local residents' daily excesise and weekend leisure and tourists.

On the lifestyles and the living techniques in harsh monsoon climate: focusing on the methods of broadening “Habitability” of the flood-prone areas, Hue-Vietnam (Furukawa)

In the mid-stream area of the Huong River, Hue-Vietnam, many settlements have been formed and developed around the Citadel City (known as Kinh Thành Hu), despite having suffered from repeated floodwater damages until now.

For the purpose of mitigating flood disasters, Vietnamese government had built hydroelectric dams in the upstream region of the Huong River. However, such huge environmental control techniques of civil engineering works threaten to not only affect the environment of this region negatively but also change the inhabitants’ perception about life with water.

Understanding the how and why settlements could sustain their living in flood-prone areas is synonymous with learning the methods how local inhabitants have actively adapted their lifestyles to the harsh water environment and broadened “Habitability” of the areas.

In 2016 FY, I have analyzed the field survey results which have been conducted in 2015, for the purpose of building models of settlement reorganization for the areas of potential flooding in Hue-Vietnam that respect various types of water-friendly lifestyles, through defining the topographical features of each

Accecinbility on train and bus stations in the north area of Tokyo

Hiking trails in 1938 (from the guidebook published by Tokyo goverment)

Southern Ridges in Singapore

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A review of KPI utilized by municipalities in tourism destinations (Dr. Hirata)

The target of this research is policy and indices appears in Comprehensive strategy for overcoming population decline and vitalizing local economy for encouraging machidukuri based on tourism development. Firstly, we reviewed what kind of tourism resources can be the target of tourism branding and how to categorize them. Secondly, from the point of view of environment, goods, and intercommunion, we overviewed tourism policy and KPI utilized by municipalities which are known as good practices of machidukuri based on tourism development with intercommunion between residents and visitors. The research pointed out that most of KPIs set quantitative goal and are focusing on economic aspects, while only few KPIs are focusing on social aspects, and that some of the municipalities defines unique KPIs with qualitative goal.

Development of methods bottom-up place-branding by both local governments and local businesses (Drs. Hirata and Kawahara)

This research aims to show an effective way of Tourism Regional Development through workshops for Place-branding. Seven workshops were conducted to plan new tourism facilities in Akiruno city, Tokyo. Resultantly, sharing the region’s images among participants, raising their awareness of Place-branding, and organizing the advantages and issues of Place- branding are suggested as the primary roles of workshops. Particularly, involvement of active local business operators in workshops is suggested to be important. Also, senses derived from local lifestyles are argued to be the key to effective differentiation of regional resources related to environments, local specialties and human exchange.

The proposed method is referred in the action plan for Akiruno Furusato Plan published by the city hall.

Activities for information sharing professionals and citizens (Dr. Hirata)

Council for Housing Community Development Support established in Architectural Institute of Japan take a project on supporting citizens to understand community development

area and extracting the characteristics of lifestyles which can be seen in such flood-prone areas of Hue-Vietnam.

On the historical environmental management of the Nguyen Imperial Tombs in collaboration with peripheral villages, Hue-Vietnam (Furukawa)

This research, with local planners’ first-hand assistance, takes the peripheries of the successive Imperial Tombs (registered as UNESCO World Heritage) in Hue-Vietnam as precedents for investigating the distinct historical-eco system of East Asia, and tries to establish the sustainable management model of the peripheral villages around the Imperial Tombs, where local inhabitants can continue their self-sustaining improvement of the dwelling environment.

As a result of the previous research activities 2014-2015, our group has found the possibility of the historical environmental management in collaboration with peripheral villages though the implementation of the challenging community participatory seminar in Hue-Vietnam.

This research, therefore, tries to conduct the collaborative pilot projects with locals, which contributes to improvement of the dwelling environment as well as to management of the integrated historical-eco system around the heritages with the following 3 goals 1) Rethinking the irrigation system and landscaping of this area in order to support the villagers to settle down to grow crops, 2) Building Communities for the local management of the regional resources, 3) Suggesting new tourism models which could advance the appropriate environmental education, alternative to the current prevalent heritage tourism.

ご意見などお待ちしております！（e-mail: sumai@aij.or.jp）

すごろく、改訂いたしました！ http://news-sv.aij.or.jp/shien/s2/sugoroku/map.html

Reconstitution Sugoroku Map for "Machidukuri" Investigation of the flood gate at a pond in the ruins

Water depth survey at a pond built in the ruin

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Improvement and social implementation of web-based virtual tour tool (Dr.Kurata)

We continued our exploration of educational use of Daredemo Guide (a web-based virtual tour tool with which ordinary people can view and also create virtual tours making use of Google Street View and/or their own photos, which we developed last year). Also, in order to realize more impactful guide at, for example, tourist information centers, we have been preparing to introduce the "robot guide" which conducts his guide in front of the computer screen..

How interaction with locals fosters foreign tourists’ understanding of visited areas?: typification of the effects (Dr.Naoi)

On-site participatory research with sixteen students of a university in Tokyo, tour operators’ staff working in the prefecture, and a foreign resident, was conducted to investigate relationship between the perceived servicescape of the shops in shopping streets near Kokusai Dori Street, Naha City, Okinawa Prefecture, the participants’ impressions of the shops, and the fulfillment of their desires. The provisional results show that the accessibility of the shop staff may help fulfilling the participants’ desires to do shopping and to appreciate the areas when associated with senses of activity and locality. The interior decorations and goods for tourists were found to fulfil their desires to do shopping through a sense of activity while hampering the fulfilment of desires to appreciate the areas when associated with a touristic sense. Also, a questionnaire survey was conducted to laborers working in the same shopping districts regarding their emotional

and housing issue. The project aims to build a scheme that researchers and residents can share the information on community development and housing. In this research we make a revision to the Sugoroku game which is a tool to create residents’ interest on community development. Our future work includes further improvement the tool to let the game become acceptable for students and other stakeholders.

３．３　Tourism Policy and Tourism Information Unit

Improvement and social implementation of CT-Planner, a web-based interactive tour planner (Dr.Kurata)

Together with Hara Lab at RACE Institute, Univ. of Tokyo, we continued our work toward popularization of CT-Planner, a web-based interactive tour planner which we had developed since 2009. This year, we increased its covering destinations to 69, started its multi-language versions (English, Korean, Simplified and Traditional Chinese, covering 35 destinations), participated in Tourism Expo Japan 2016, and conducted several public lectures and workshops. In addition, as a result of the collaboration with companies, CT-Planner was built into Japan Highlights Travel, a tourism promotion web site by Central Japan Railway Company, and installed at tourist information center in Keio Shinjuku Station.

Extraction of valuable tourist information from big data (Dr.Kurata)

In collaboration with Ishikawa Lab at Graduate School of System Design, TMU, Nanba Lab at Hiroshima City University, and so forth, we continued our work on the development of techniques for extracting valuable information for tourists and tourism-related organizations from social big data. This year, (i) we developed a visualization technique to illustrate the transition of popular photo-shooting spots using Flickr’s data, (ii) analyzed the effect and problems of promotion strategies of tourism organizations using Twitter data, (iii) monitored the player’s behavior of a world-widely boomed location-based game, Pokémon GO, using Twitter data, (iv) explored the application of a newly-introduced image recognition engine, Google Cloud Vision API, in tourism informatics studies, and (v) tried to visualize the spatial distribution of hidden risks for tourists using Twitter data.

Exibiting CT-Planner at Tourism EXPO Japan

Heat map of the locations of "Pokemon Go" twitter

A shopping street in Naha City (Ichiba-Hon-Dori Street)

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situations in which those experiences occur, and the fulfilment of their needs. The results illustrated relationship between their good experiences and the fulfilment of their love and belonging needs as well as relationship between their bad experiences and the failure to fulfil their safety and esteem needs. The respondents’ bad experiences within their affiliated institutions or with study abroad industry people tend to be intentional while their bad experiences in local spaces or with locals tend to be accidental. In their open-ended responses, many respondents’ showed positive remarks (e.g. “culture-shocking, but a good opportunity to reflect on myself”) regarding their bad experiences related to locals and failure to fulfil their safety needs. The above findings point to the importance of fostering study abroad travelers’ interactions with others within their institutions, and the safety and opportunities for them to reflect on their activities outside the institutions.

Study on Inbound Tourism Policy(Drs. Hompo, Shimizu, Kurata and Naoi)

Study Group on Platinum Inbound Tourism Policy organized and chaired by myself in corporation with Grunavi Research Institute Inc. and Mitsubishi Research Institute and composed of Japan Tourism Agency, local governments, scholars and private sectors has been conducting a series of research on inbound tourism policy.

Achievements of “Top-Management-Seminar” for Tourism managers (Drs. Hompo and Aso)

This research is aimed exploring the way in order to continue from the current key issues at advancement and penetration of tourism management education research from 2011 on the initiative of industry-academia cooperation "Top-Management-Seminar" by Tokyo Metropolitan University department of urban environment faculty of tourism management sub-major course.

Currently, students are composed of the executive candidate of the major companies in the tourism industry, more than 100 people in total from the first round of the participants, is expected to contribute to the network formation leading to the future of the travel industry.

The impact of regional cooperation for sustainable tourism community development (Dr. Takazawa)

This research aims at realizing the impact and features of regional cooperation for sustainable tourism community development through the case study.

The results of the previous studies are 1) Setting up the clear concept and goal, and share it with stakeholders, 2) Working in a wide range of areas, 3)Effective strategy of marketing, 4) Partnership with diversified bodies. However, further discussion needed 1)actual condition of reducing the environmental load and 2)cooperative structure in local level.

labor toward foreign and Japanese tourists. The results imply that the laborers’ cross-cultural adaptability may enhance their job satisfaction through its positive relationships with their customer orientation, which then encourages their deep acting and surface acting toward tourists, irrespective of tourists’ nationalities.

Visitor-luring photographs of destinations with natural resources that entail perceived risk (Dr.Naoi)

It is challenging to communicate the attractiveness of destinations to potential visitors within the limited coverage of photographs, particularly when the destinations have tourism resources that incorporate mutually contradicting elements, risk and attractiveness. Destinations with natural resources in crustal activity, such as volcanos, are the typical examples. This study aims to elucidate the characteristics of photographs that picturize destinations with those active natural resources to communicate their inherent attractiveness to potential visitors while minimizing the risk that they may perceive. In so doing, this study focuses on the presence of a visitor and a man-made structure designed for visitors as touristic elements as well as the presence of the volcanic plume as the intensifier of a sense attributed to the volcano’s crustal activities. With use of slide experiments, the effects of the presence of the above three elements on a touristic sense and senses of transcend grandness and security. The results imply the inclusion of the man-made structure for visitors as an effective measure to communicate their inherent attractiveness to potential visitors while minimizing the perceived risk. The results are to be presented at the annual conferences of Travel and Tourism Research Association (Canada) and Man-environment Research Association (Osaka).

Research on study abroad experiences to be told to others: the relationship between occurrence of overseas students’ experiences and the fulfilment of their desires (Dr.Naoi)

Tourists’ experiences may be influenced by both comfort and discomfort, which is regarded as typically observable in study abroad experiences that often entail relatively long-term contact with locals. Using a questionnaire survey to ex-study abroad travelers, this study aims to examine the relationship between both good and bad experiences that they wish to tell others,

A photograph used for the slide experiment (with a volcanic plume, a human-made structure, and a vistitor)

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３．１　Nature-Based Tourism Unit

Toshio KIKUCHIPresentations• K ikuchi , T . Development of urban f r ingre with the

commodification of rural space; a comparative study between Canada and Japan. The General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, The Univ. of Tsukuba, March 2017.

• Tabayashi, A., Nihei, T., Kikuchi, T., Kaneko, J. and Waldichuk, T. The commodification of rural spaces for the regional development of the Lower Fraser Valley in British Columbia, Canada. The General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, The Univ. of Tsukuba, March 2017.

• Kaneko, J., Kikuchi, T., Tabayashi. A., Nihei, T. and Waldichuk, T. Development of agritourism in Cowichan Valley regional district, Vancouver Island, BC, Canada. The General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, The Univ. of Tsukuba, March 2017.

• Iizuka, R. and Kikuchi, T. Changes of geographical distribution of urban agriculture in Tokyo metropolis. The General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, The Univ. of Tsukuba, March 2017.

• Tabayashi, T. , Nihei, T. , Kikuchi, T. and Waldichuk，T. Commodification of rural spaces and circle farm tours in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada. The General Meeting of The Human Geographical Society of Japan, The University of Kyoto, November 2016.

• Waldichuku, T., Tabayashi, A., Yagasaki, N. , Kikuchi, T., Nihei, T. and Kaneko, J.: Agri-tourism in Japan and British Columbia: Regional approach. Conference of Canadian Association of Geographers, University of Halifax, Halifax, Canada.　June 2016．

• Kaneko, J., Kikuchi, T., Tabayashi, A., Nihei, T. and Waldichuk, T. Structure of rural tourism in Cowichan Valley regional district, Vancouver island, Canada. The Regular Meeting of Japan Association on Geographical Space, Nihon Univ., April 2016.

• Tabayashi, A., Nihei, T., Kikuchi, T., Kanenko, J. and Waldichuk, T. Significance of circle farm tours in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. The Regular Meeting of Japan Association on Geographical Space, Nihon Univ., April 2016.

• Nihei, T., Tabayashi, A., Kikuchi, T., Kaneko, J. and Waldichuk, T. Caracteristics of farm direct marketing in the Lower Mainland region in Britishi Columbia, Canada. The Regular Meeting of Japan Association on Geographical Space, Nihon Univ., April 2016.

• Kikuchi, T., Kaneko, J., Tabayashi, A., Nihei, T. and Waldichuk, T. Development of wineries and its impact on rural commodification of Cowichan Valley in Vancouver Island, Canada. The Regular Meeting of Japan Association on Geographical Space, Nihon Univ., April 2016.

• Waldichuk，T．，Tabayashi，A．，Yagasaki，N．，Kikuchi，

T．，Nihei，T．and Kaneko，J．Characteristics of the commodification of rural spaces in British Columbia，Canada．Western Division of the Canadian Association of Geographers．Prince George，BC，Canada．April 2016.

Articles• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi. T. and Doi, T. 2017. Spatial

construction of commercial accumulation in the Ueno District, Tokyo. Journal of Tourism Science 10: 1-8. (in Japanese)

• Takahashi, K. and Kikuchi, T. 2017. Tourism demand for language school; in case of Malta Republic. Journal of Tourism Science 10: 1-8. 75-74. (in Japanese)

• Koike, T. and Kikuchi, T. 2016. Relationships between landscape evaluations of geo-tour participants and interpretations of geo-tour guides: a case study of Izu-Oshima Geopark. Journal of Geography 125(6): 857-870. (in Japanese with English abstract)

• Kikuchi, T. and Tabayashi, A. 2016. Development mechanism of urban farming with the commodification of rural space in the urban fringe of Tokyo Metropolis; case study of the Sunagawa area, Tachikawa city. E-journal GEO, 11(2),: 460-475. (in Japanese with English abstract)

• Tabayashi, A. and Kikuchi, T. 2016. Stratewgies for sutaining and developing agriculture in the Hokuriku district. E-journal GEO, 11(2),: 425-447. (in Japanese with English abstract)

• Tabayashi,A., Yagasaki,N., Kikuchi, T., Nihe, T., Kaneko, J. and Waldichuk, T. 2016. Commodification of rural spaces in British Columbia, Canada．Edgington,D.W.et al eds., Japan and Canada in Comparative Perspective：Economics and Politics；Regions,Places and people．Japan Studies Association of Japan: 96-109.

• Kaneko, J., Kikuchi, T., Tabayashi, A., Nihei, T. and Waldichuk, T. 2016. Structure of rural tourism in Cowuchan Valley regional district, Vancouver island, Canada. Geographical Space, 9 (2): 205-220. (in Japanese with English abstract)

• Tabayashi, A., Nihei, T., Kikuchi, T., Kanenko, J. and Waldichuk, T. 2016. Significance of circle farm tours in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. Geographical Space, 9 (1): 63-86. (in Japanese with English abstract)

• Nihei, T., Tabayashi, A., Kikuchi, T., Kaneko, J. and Waldichuk, T. 2016. Caracteristics of farm direct marketing in the Lower Mainland region in Britishi Columbia, Canada. Geographical Space, 9 (1): 87-114. (in Japanese with English abstract)

• Kikuchi, T., Kaneko, J., Tabayashi, A., Nihei, T. and Waldichuk, T. 2016. Development of wineries and its impact on rural commodification of Cowichan Valley in Vancouver Island, Canada. Geographical Space, 9 (1): 115-129. (in Japanese with English abstract)

• Iizuka, R. and Kikuchi, T. 2016. A village of high fermentation：Brewing culture-based food tourism in Watou, West Flanders, Belgium. European Journal of Geography, 7: 58-72.

３．Publications

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Books・Reports• Kikuchi, T. (2016): Introduction of Food Tourism. Fragrance

Journal Ltd, Tokyo. (in Japanese)

Shinya NUMATAPresentations• Numata, S., T. Hosaka. Long-term Reproductive Phenology and

Flora of Dipterocarps. 2nd JASTIP Bioresources and Biodiversity Lab Workshop “Collaborative Bioresources and Biodiversity Studies for the ASEAN Regi & Humanosphere Asia Research Node Workshop toward Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources. Kyoto, Japan. January 2017

• Foo, Y.S., S. Numata, T. Hosaka, M. Hashim. Effects of land use change on water yield in Peninsular Malaysia.ESJ Tokyo March 2017

• Ngo, K.M., S. Numata, T. Hosaka, Shawn Lum. Slow recovery of an old secondary forest in Singapore.ESJ Tokyo March 2017

• Cao, L., K. Fukumori, T. Hosaka, S. Numata, M. Hashim, T. Kosaki. Effect of tourism-related roads and trails on invasion by an alien plant, Clidemia hirta , in Endau Rompin National Park, Malaysia.ESJ Tokyo March 2017

• Mohamad Muslim, H.F, Yahya, N.A, Numata, S, Hosaka, T. Factors affecting attitudes toward wild animals in Malaysia: Does childhood nature experience matter?　　ESJ Tokyo March 2017.

Articles• Aihara, Y., Hosaka, T., Yasuda, M., Hashim, M. and Numata, S.

(2016) Mammalian wildlife tourism in Southeast Asian tropical rainforests: the case of Endau Rompin National Park, Malaysia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 28: 172-186.

• Hosaka, T., Y. Yumoto, Y. Y. Chen, I. F. Sun, S. J. Wright, S. Numata, Nur Supardi MN (2016) Sequential flowering of dipterocarps and pre-dispersal seed predation; which is better, early or late flowering. Biotropica. doi: 10.1111/btp.12371

• Azmy, M., T. Hosaka, S. Numata. (2016) Responses of four hornet species to the level of urban greenness in Nagoya city, Japan- implications for ecosystem disservices of urban green spaces. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening.18: 117-125.

• Widiyatno, M. Na'iem, S. Indrioko, K. Uchiyama, S. Numata, A. Matsumoto, and Y. Tsumura (2016) Effects of different silvicultural systems on the genetic diversity of Shorea parvifolia populations in the tropical rainforest of Southeast Asia. Tree Genetics & Genomes. 12: 73. doi:10.1007/s11295-016-1030-y

• Hosaka, T., & Numata, S. (2016) Spatiotemporal dynamics of urban green spaces and human-wildlife conflicts in Tokyo. Scientific Reports.6： 30911; doi: 10.1038/srep30911.

• Tani, N., Lee, S. L., Lee C. T., Ng, K. K. S., Muhammad, N., Niiyama, K., Yaghihashi, T., Otani, T., Kondo, T., Numata, S., Nishimura, S., Fukasawa, K., Pakkad, G., Okuda, T., Kasshim, A. R.,

Musa, S., Tsumura, Y. (2016) Selective logging simulation and male fecundity variation support different forest management criteria among groups of dipterocarp species. Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 28:369-381.

• Azmy, M. M., Hashim, M., Numata, S., Hosaka, T., Md. Noor, N. S., and Fletcher, C. D. (2016) Satellite-based characterization of climatic conditions before large-scale general flowering events in Peninsular Malaysia. Scientific Reports. 6, 32329; doi: 10.1038/srep32329

• Hosaka, T., Kurimoto, M. & Numata, S. (2016) An overview of insect-related events in modern Japan ―extent and characteristics. American Entomologist. 62: 228-234.

• Hashim, M, Ito, S. S. Misbari, S. Numata, T. Hosaka, N. N. Yahya, S. Ahmad, M. Hossain (2017) Using fisher knowledge, mapping population, habitat suitability and risk for the conservation of dugongs in Johor Straits of Malaysia. Marine Policy. 78:18-25.

• Mohamad Muslim, H. F., S. Numata, N. A. Yahya (2017) Development of Malaysian Homestay Tourism: A Review　International Journal of Tourism Science 10: 65-74

• Widiyatno, M. Budiadi, Priyono S., Yohanes D.B.M.R., Sukirno D.P., Y. Hendro, T. Hosaka, S. Numata (in press) Changes in vegetation structure and soil nutrient status with fallow years of swidden agriculture in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia . Journal of Tropical Forest Science.

• Hosaka, T., K. Sugimoto, S., Numata (in press) Effects of childhood experience with nature on tolerance of urban residents toward hornets and wild boars in Japan. PLoS ONE.12(4): e0175243.

Koun SUGIMOTOPresentations• Sugimoto, K. Intra-region tourist movement during a local

event for tourists： A case study of a festival in the Ueno district of Tokyo. Annual Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, Tsukuba, Japan, 28-29, March 2017

• Sugimoto, K., Koike, T. and Kikuchi, T. Intra-region tourist movement during a local event for tourists: A case study of a cultural festival in the Ueno district of Tokyo. 11th Japan-Korea-China Joint Conference on Geography，Sapporo, Japan, September 11-14, 2016

• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi, T. Commercial accumulation in the Ueno district. CSIS Days 2016, Novemnber 17-18, 2016

• Hong, M, Sugimoto, K. , Kikuchi, T. The restoration of commercial activities and tour area in Edo period: Through the spatial analysis and visualization combined with historical materials and GIS. CSIS Days 2016, Novemnber 17-18, 2016

• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi, T. Regional change of the retail agglomeration place in Ueno Area, Tokyo. Annual Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers, Sendai, Japan, September 30-1, 2016

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• Sugimoto, K. and Suzuki, S. Evaluation of the Ueno "Cultural Park" Arts Festa. Tokyo, Japan, August 8, 2016

• Kikuchi, T., Sugimoto, K. and Doi, T. Ueno Project (including four presentations). Lecture on Regional Characteristics of Taito Ward, Tokyo, Japan, June 24, 2016

• Kikuchi, T., Sugimoto, K., Ota,K., and Hong, M. Ueno Project Research Report in FY 2015. Ueno Tourism Federation General Meeting, Tokyo, Japan, May 27, 2016.

Articles• Hosaka,T., Sugimoto, K., and Numata, T. 2017. Effects of

childhood experience with nature on tolerance of urban residents toward hornets and wild boars in Japan. PLOS ONE. (in press)

• Sugimoto, K. 2016. Use of GIS-based analysis to explore the characteristics of preferred viewing spots indicated by the visual interest of visitors. Landscape Research. (in press)

• Sugimoto, K. 2017. A study on changes of tourists' feelings during a one-day hiking experience. The International Journal of Tourism Science 10: 19-29.

• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi, T., and Doi, T. 2017. Spatial construction of commercial accumulation in the Ueno district, Tokyo. The Internationl Journal of Tourism Science 10: 1-8.

Books・Reports• Evaluation of the Ueno "Cultural Park" Arts Festa (Final Report)• Compilation of the history of Ueno district since 1964 (Interim

Report)• Fundamental study on effective space utilization for MICE

strategy in Tokyo (Interim Peport)

Etsuro TAKAGIArticles• Sato, Y., Mashimo, Y., Suzuki, R.O., Hirao, A.S., Takagi, E., Kanai,

R., Masaki, D., Sato, M. & Machida, R. 2017. Potential impact of an exotic plant invasion on both plant and arthropod communities in a semi-natural grassland on Sugadaira montane in Japan. Journal of Developments in Sustainable Agriculture, (in press).

• Matsuo , K . & Takagi , E . 2016 . New host records of Macrodasyceras japonicum (Ashmead, 1904) (Hymenoptera, Torymidae), with notes of its morphology. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology 22: 175-178.

• Takagi, E. 2016. Pests of the endangered herb Platycodon grandiflorus in central Japan. Journal of the Entomological Research Society 18: 1-5.

Tetsuro HOSAKAPresentations• Ngo, K. M., Numata, S., Hosaka, T., and Lum, S. Slow recovery

of an old secondary forest in Singapore, The 64th Annual

Meeting of Ecological Society Japan, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. 14-18 March 2017.

• Muslim, H. F. M., Hosaka, T., Numata, S., and Noor, A. Y. Factors affecting attitudes toward wild animals in Malaysia: does childhood nature experience matter?, The 64th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society Japan, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. 14-18 March 2017.

• Foo, Y. S., Numata, S., Hosaka, T., and Hashim, M. Effect of land use change on water yield in Peninsular Malaysia, The 64th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society Japan, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. 14-18 March 2017.

• Cao, L., Fukumori, K., Hosaka, T., Numata, S., Hashim, M., and Kosaki, T. Effect of tourism-related roads and trails on invasion by an alien plant, Clidemia hirta, in Endau Rompin National Park, Malaysia. The 64th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society Japan, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. 14-18 March 2017.

• Hosaka, T. Do dipterocarps suffer more seed predation than non-dipterocarps? The 64th Annual Meeting of Ecological Society Japan, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan. 14-18 March 2017.

• Hosaka, T. Tolerance of urban residents toward wildlife and influential factors to the tolerance, The 2016 Annual Meeting of the Mammal Society of Japan, Tsukuba, Japan. 23-25 Septermber 2016.

• Hosaka, T. Frequencies of insect seed predators on dipterocarps and non-dipterocarps: an implication for predator satiation hypothesis, The 26th Annual Meeting of Japan Society of Tropical Ecology, Tsukuba, Japan. 17-19 June 2016.

• Cao, L., Fukumori, K., Hosaka, T., Numata, S., Hashim，M., and Kosaki, T. Relationship between invasion of alien species, C. hirta, and tourism in tropical rainforests. The 26th Annual Meeting of Japan Society of Tropical Ecology, Tsukuba, Japan. 17-19 June 2016.

• Ngo, K. M., Numata, S., Hosaka, T., and Lum, S. Short-term tree growth in a tropical forest in Singapore, The 26th Annual Meeting of Japan Society of Tropical Ecology, Tsukuba, Japan. 17-19 June 2016.

Articles• Hosaka, T., Sugimoto, K., and Numata, S. 2017. Effects of

childhood experience with nature on tolerance of urban residents toward hornets and wild boars in Japan. PLOS ONE, in press.

• Hosaka, T., Kurimoto, M., and Numata, S. 2017. Entomological culture and insect-related tourism in Japan. The International Journal of Tourism Science 10: 45-52．

• Hosaka, T., Kurimoto, M., and Numata, S. 2016. An overview of insect-related events in modern Japan: their extent and characteristics. American Entomologist 62: 228-234.

• Hashim, M, Ito, S., Numata, S., Hosaka, T., Hossain, M. S., Misbari, S., Yahya, N. N., and Ahmad, S. 2017. Using fisher knowledge,

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mapping population, habitat suitability and risk for the conservation of dugongs in Johor Straits of Malaysia. Marine Policy 78: 18-25.

• Widiyatno, Budiadi, Suryanto, P., Rinarno, Y. DBM., Prianto, S.D., Hendro, Y., Hosaka, T., and Numata, S. 2017. Recovery of vegetation structure, soil nutrient and late-succession species after shifting cultivation in Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Journal of Tropical Forest Science, in press.

• Azmy, M. M., Hashim, M., Numata, S., Hosaka, T., Noor, N. S. M., and Fletcher, C. 2016. Satellite-based characterization of climatic conditions before large-scale general flowering events in Peninsular Malaysia. Scientific Reports 6: 32329.

• Hosaka, T., and Numata, S. 2016. Spatiotemporal dynamics of urban green spaces and human-wildlife conflicts in Tokyo. Scientific Reports 6: 30911.

• Hosaka, T., Yumoto, T., Chen, Y. Y., Sun, I. F., Wright, S. J., Numata, S., and Noor, N. S. M. 2016. Responses of pre-dispersal seed predators to sequential flowering of dipterocarps in Malaysia. Biotropica 49: 177-185.

• Azmy, M. M., Hosaka, T., and Numata, S. 2016. Responses of four hornet species to levels of urban greenness in Nagoya city, Japan: Implications for ecosystem disservices of urban green spaces. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 18: 117-125.

• Hosaka, T., and Numata, S. The relationships between urban green spaces and problems caused by wildlife. Pest Control Tokyo 72: 25-29.

Books・Reports• Hosaka, T., Numata, S., and Fletcher, C. The first evidence for a

long longevity of some weevil larvae feeding on dipterocarp seeds. Progress report Joint Research Project on Tropical Forest Ecology and Biodiversity 2016. Pp. 25-32. Organizing committee of the NIES/FRIM/UPM joint research project.

Ranaweerage ErangaBooks・Reports• Ranaweerage, E., Arima, T. and Kikuchi, T. (accepted):

RegionalCharacteristics of Urban Tourism in Tokyo. in Tokyo as a Global City: New Geographical Perspectives by Toshio Kikuchi. Springer Japan.

Kei OTAPresentations• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi, T. and Doi, T. Regional change of

the retail agglomeration place in Ueno Area, Tokyo. The Study Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers　Fall 2016, 30-2, September 2016, Sendai, Japan.

• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi, T. and Doi, T. Commercial Accumulation in the Ueno District, Tokyo. CSIS DAYS 2016, 17-18, November 2016, Kashiwa, Japan.

Articles

• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi, T. and Doi, T. 2016. Commercial Accumulation in the Ueno District, Tokyo. Research Abstracts on Spatial Information Science, CSIS DAYS, 32. (in Japanese).

• Ota, K., Sugimoto, K., Kikuchi, T. and Doi, T. 2017. Spatial Construction of Commercial Accumulation in the Ueno District, Tokyo. The International Journal of Tourism Science 10, 1-8. (in Japanese).

３．２　Culture-Based Tourism Unit

Tetsuo SHIMIZUPresentations• Shimizu, T., Ookoshi, Y., Katagiri, Y. and Ai, H.: A Study on

Recreational Use of Bike Sharing System in London Using Cycle Hire Statistics, International Symposium on Smart Mobility for Smarter Cities, Hochiminh City, September 2016

• Shimizu, T. and Ebihara, M. : TMU’s research contribution to urban transport and tourism researches in India: Lessons from Tokyo’s experiences, International Workshop on Future Cities, Kolkata, January 2017

• Shimizu, T. : Analysis of route choice behavior in expressway network of the Greater Tokyo Region using ETC transaction data -toward better toll design -, International Symposium on Traffic Management in Megacity Road Network, Tokyo, December 2016

• Takemoto, Y., Shimizu, T., Katagiri, Y., Ota, K. and Nozu, N. : An Analysis of the Effect of Visibility of Mt. Fuji on travel behaviors in northern base area of Mt. Fuji using mible GPS big data, 54th Confrence of Infrastructure Planning and Management, Nagasaki, November 2016.

• Ogura, T. and Shimizu, T. : A Study on Bicycle Transport Planning in the United States Focusing on Variety of User Attributes, 54th Confrence of Infrastructure Planning and Management, Nagasaki, November 2016.

Articles• Safizahanin, M., and Shimizu, T.: An Analysis of Service

Needs for Self-drive Tourist: Proposing for Better Policies for Malaysia's Road Network, Sociotechnica, Vol. 13, pp. 13-21, 2016.

• Takemoto, Y., Shimizu, T., Katagiri, Y., Ota, K. and Nozu, N. : An Analysis of the Effect of Visibility of Mt. Fuji on travel behaviors in northern base area of Mt. Fuji using mible GPS big data, Proceedings of Infrastructure Planning and Management, No.54(CD-ROM), 2016. (in Japanese)

• Ogura, T. and Shimizu, T. : A Study on Bicycle Transport Planning in the United States Focusing on Variety of User Attributes, Proceedings of Infrastructure Planning and Management, No.54(CD-ROM), 2016. (in Japanese)

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Characteristics of the Conservation Act in 1993 for a Greek Traditional Settlements of Santorini Island and the Tourist Destination Development. JITR annual conference, Edogawa University, 2016.12

Articles• Okamura,Y., Toyota,J., Kawahara,S. and Nohara,T. 2016.

The recent trend and potential of "Open Factory": multiple factories are open to the public simultaneously. Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan, 51(3), 619-626.

• Katagiri,Y. and Okamura,Y. 2017. A Study on Development of the Hiking Trails for Citizens by Tokyo City and Tokyo Railway Bureau. journal of the Japanese Institute of Landscape Architecture, 80-5, 493-497.

• Nohara,T., Okamura,Y. and Kawahara,S. 2016. Research for a Comprehensive and Active Planning Method in an Industrial-Residential Mixed Area- Focused on Ota Creative Town Vision in Ota Ward. Planning Malaysia Journal Special Issue IV-2016, 369-382.

Yukiko KATAGIRIPresentations• Katagiri , Y. and Shiihara, A.　Project School for Area

Management in Yanaka, the Tokyo Cultural Resources Alliance, Annual Meeting Architectural Institute of Japan 2016. 2016-08-26.

Articles• Katagiri, Y., Okamura, Y.:A Study on Development of the Hiking

Trails for Citizens by Tokyo City and Tokyo Railway Bureau. Journal of Japanese Landscape Architecture 80(5):493-497.

• Yukiko K.: Studies, Perspectives and Visions of the Japanese Landscape Architectural Society (SERIES:Zoen Zasshi Archives),Journal of Japanese Landscape Architecture 80(3):264-265. (in Japanese)

• Yukiko K.:Sustainable Tourism and Recreation (SPECIAL ISSUE: Overview of Currents and Perspectives of Landscape Research). Journal of Japanese Landscape Architecture 80(1):23-27. (in Japanese)

• Katagiri , Y. and Shiihara, A.　Project School for Area Management in Yanaka, the Tokyo Cultural Resources Alliance. Summaries of technical papers of annual meeting 2016 (Architecture and social system),131-132. (in Japanese)

• AI, Hisatoshi., and Katagiri, Yukiko.:Utilizing the costing sheet for spatial planning developed on a spreadsheet software. Papers and proceedings of the Geographic Information Systems Association 25. (in Japanese)

• Takemoto, Y., Shimizu, T., Katagiri, Y., Ota, K. and Nozu, N. : An Analysis of the Effect of Visibility of Mt. Fuji on travel behaviors in northern base area of Mt. Fuji using mible GPS big data, Proceedings of Infrastructure Planning and Management, No.54(CD-ROM), 2016. (in Japanese).

Susumu KAWAHARA Presentations• Kawabata,N., Kawahara,S., Yamamoto,D., Nakagawa,N., and

Higashi,N. AREA MANAGEMENT MINAMIYAMA - Housing Land Development with SATOYAMA Conservation -, Summaries of technical papers of annual meeting,（Architectural design department）, 2016.08, pp.130-131, Architectural Institute of Japan.（in Japanese）

• Kawahara,S., Kawabata,N., Yamamoto,D., Nakagawa,N. and Higashi,N. MINAMIYAMA HOUSE (tentative) - A Center for Area Management Planed by Citizens - , Summaries of technical papers of annual meeting,（Architectural design department）, 2016.08, pp.132-133, Architectural Institute of Japan.（in Japanese）

• Yamamoto,D., Kawahara,S. , and Okamura,Y. How the selection of Important Cultural Landscape Effects Regional Collaboration Community and Tourism Development -A Case Study in Shimanto River region-.

• Summaries of technical papers of annual meeting, 2016.08, pp.415-418（selected summary）, Architectural Institute of Japan （in Japanese）

• Ka,Y., Kwahara,S. and Okamura,Y. A Study on expansion of external capital stores and adoption by the local Historic District - Focusing on Kawagoe Historic District Promoting Tourism where is being Tourism Targeting - , Summaries of technical papers of annual meeting, ,2016.08, pp.419-422

（selected summary）, Architectural Institute of Japan （in Japanese）

• Lee,Y. and Kawahara,S. A study on the Political Approach for "Sharing City" : Focusing on the case of Seoul in Korea, Summaries of technical papers of annual meeting, 2016.08, pp.1011-1012, Architectural Institute of Japan.（in Japanese）

Articles• Okamura,Y., Toyoya,J., Kawahara, S. and Nohara,T. 2016.

The recent trend and potential of "Open Factory": multiple factories are open to the public simultaneously, Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 51(3), pp.619-626.（in Japanese）

• Kawahara,S. and Okamura,Y. 2017. Tentative Study on “ Tourist Destination Planning & Management ”- Tourism Visions and Planning Methods Supported by Collective Capabilities of a Tourist Destination and the Surrounding Area -, The International Journal of Tourism Science Vol.9, pp.99-104.（in Japanese）

• Lee,Y. and Kawahara,S. 2016. Sharing City - Movement for "Sharing City Seoul", Re : Building maintenance & management 38(1), pp.40-43. （in Japanese）

Yu OKAMURAPresentations• Ishimoto,T., Okamura,Y. and Eguchi,K. A Research on the

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papers of annual meeting,Architectural Institute of Japan, 2016,pp.59 － 62.(in Japanese)

• Kawahara,S. and Hirata, N. 2016. Akiruno City tourism promotion plan "Action plan"pp.27-33.(in Japanese) http://www.city.akiruno.tokyo.jp/0000006980.html

• Hirata,N.,et al．2017. Council for Housing Community Development Support in Architectural Institute of Japan. Sugoroku of House － Supplement Machidukuri － ,http://news-sv.aij.or.jp/shien/s2/sugoroku/ ※ Co-authored about "purchasing houses" and "Machidukuri",reconstitution Sugoroku Map, (inJapanese)

３．３　Tourism Policy and Tourism Information Unit

Yohei KURATAPresentations• Kurata, Y., Sanada. F., Suzuki, S., and Ishikawa, H. A Trial of Map

Creation for Special Interest Travelers Making Use of Flickr and Google Cloud Vision API. DEIM2017, Takayama, Japan, March 2017 (in Japanese).

• Suzuki, S., Kurata, Y., and Ishikawa, H. Detection of Official Accounts in Twitter using its User Profile Data and Analysis of Follower Organization Patterns. DEIM2017, Takayama, Japan, March 2017 (in Japanese).

• Kurata, Y. and Hara, T. CT-Planner's Support of Destinations in Tokai Area and its Improvement. 3rd Meeting of Society for Tourism Informatics - Tokai, Hamamatsu, Japan, Feb. 2017 (in Japanese).

• Suzuki, S., Yuki Yubune, Ryo Miyasaka, and Kurata, Y. What Kind of Photos are Used in Online Accomodation Booking Sites?: An Analysis for Accommodation in Tokai Area. 3rd Meeting of Society for Tourism Informatics - Tokai, Hamamatsu, Japan, Feb. 2017 (in Japanese).

• Toyoshima, K. and Kurata, Y. A Proposal of Broadcasting Flow and Contents for Digital Sinages to Support Tourists and Foreigners in Disaster. 3rd Meeting of Society for Tourism Informatics - Tokai, Hamamatsu, Japan, Feb. 2017 (in Japanese).

• Suzuki, S. and Kurata, Y. An Analysis of Tweets by Local Mascot Characters for Regional Promotions, called Yuru-charas, and Their Followers in Japan. ENTER2017, Rome, Jan. 2017.

• Kurata, Y. Daredemo-Guide!: A Web-based Tool Which Enables Publication of Student-Designed Sightseeing Courses as a Style of Virtual Tours. 31th JITR Annual Conference, Nagareyama, Japan, Dec. 2016 (in Japanese).

• Shinagawa, Y., Kurata, Y., Ota, J., and Hara, T. Development of Information Infrastructure for Supporting Citizen-oriented Tourism Development Using Computational Techniques of Tour Plan Recommendation. 14th Research Conf. of STI, Izuka,

Naoaki FURUKAWAPresentations• Furukawa,N., Urdaniz,AVZ. and Satoh,S. Cultural Landscape

Conservation in the Huong River Basin – Case Studies on the “ecological” system of Nguyen Imperial Tomb and peripheries. -, INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE THE NGUYEN DYNASTY’S CULTURAL HERITAGE – RESEARCH, CONSERVATION AND ENHANCEMENT, Hue Vietnam Sep. 16, 2016

• Yamada,H. and Furukawa,N. The transformation of the traditional building units and lots of the historical town of Khokana in Kathmandu valley from 1934 until immediately after the 2015 Nepal Gorkha earthquake: Case study along Nyala Dan street, ISAIA2016, Sept. 21, 2016

• Akazawa,T., Izumi,T., Furukawa,N. and Satoh,S. Characteristics and Current Status of the Waterside Spaces in the Dwellings of Con Hen -A study of urban transformation, in HUE-VIETNAM, Part 19, Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting, Architectural Institute of Japan (Kyushu) p351-352 Aug. 2016

• Furukawa,N., Izumi,T., Terazawa,Y. and Satoh, S. Topographical Characteristics and Current Status of Agricultural Production Activities in Flood Prone Area “Luong Quan Village ~A study of urban transformation, in HUE-VIETNAM, Part 20~. Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting, Architectural Institute of Japan (Kyushu), p353-354 Aug. 2016

• Terazawa,Y., Izumi,T., Satoh, S. and Furukawa, N. Residence Styles developped in Harmony with Severe Rainfal l Environment in Flood Prone Area, Luong Quan Village ~A study of urban transformation, in HUE-VIETNAM, Part 21~, Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting, Architectural Institute of Japan (Kyushu), p355-356 Aug. 2016

• Yamada, H. and Furukawa, N. Transformation of the townscape of historical town of Khokana in Kathmandu valley and its factors: Case study along Nyala Dan street, Summaries of technical papers of Annual Meeting, Architectural Institute of Japan (Kyushu), p1009-1010, Aug. 2016

Books・Reports• "LEGACY OF OUR ANCESTORS, THE FUTURE FOR OUR

CHILDREN" Final Report of Community Participatory Workshop and Symposium on the Sustainable Local Management for the Periphery of the Gia-Long Tomb, April 2016

Norie HIRATAArticles• Hirata，N．2016．A Review of KPI Utilized by Municipalities

in Tourism Destinations- A Case Study of Municipalities with Advanced Place Branding Scheme Especially for the Communication between Tourists and Local People -. Journal of Tourism Science 10:pp. 49-56. (in Japanese)

Books・Reports• Hirata, N． and Kawahara, S．2016．Development of Methods

Bottom-up Place-Branding by both Local Governments and Local Businesses.Source book for Summaries of technical

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Fukuoka, Nov. 2016 (in Japanese)• Katabe,C., Shinagawa, Y., Kurata, Y., Ota, J., and Hara, T.

Proposal of a Method for Generating Various Tour Plans Which Promote Users' Decisions. 14th Research Conf. of STI, Izuka, Fukuoka, Nov. 2016 (in Japanese).

• Suzuki, S., Koike, T., and Kurata, Y. Human Movement and Their Findings Appearing in Pokémon GO Tweets. 14th Research Conf. of STI, Izuka, Fukuoka, Nov. 2016 (in Japanese)

• Kurata, Y. Detection of "Emerging Popular Spots" Using Flickr's Massive Photo Data. 25th Conference of the Geographic Information Systems Association, Tokyo, Japan, Oct. 2015 (in Japanese).

• Koike, T., Suzuki, S., and Kurata, Y. A Thought about the Influence of Pokémon GO on Tourism: Using Twitter's Geo-tagged Tweets. 2010 Fall Research Conference of the Association of Japanese Geographers, Sendai, Sep.-Oct. 2016 (in Japanese).

• Fujii, K., Nanba, H., Takezawa, T., Ishino, A., Okumura, M., and Kurata, Y. Travellers' Behaviour Analysis Based on Automatically Identified Attributes from Travel Blog Entries. Workshop on Artificial Intelligence for Tourism (AI4Tourism), PRICAI2016, Phuket, Thailand, Aug. 2016.

• Kurata, Y. An Attempt of Automated Extraction of Major Sightseeing Path Network from Massive Photo Data with the Aid of Delaunay Triangulation. 13th Conference of Society for Tourism Informatics, Wakayama, Japan (in Japanese).

• Miyasaka, R. and Kurata, Y. How Can 'Hideaway' Accomodation Facilities Attract More People?. 13th Conference of Society for Tourism Informatics, Wakayama, Japan (in Japanese).

• Suzuki, S. and Kurata, Y. A Discussion on Tourist Information that Tourism Promoters Should Provide: Based on the Analysis of Data of Six-type Reactions on Facebook Articles. 13th Conference of Society for Tourism Informatics, Wakayama, Japan (in Japanese).

• Iwaki, Y. and Kuratam Y. An Analysis of Tourism Brochure View Using Eyemark Recoder. 13th Research Conf. of STI, Sendai, April 2016 (in Japanese).

• Shinagawa, Y., Kurata, Y., Ota, J., and Hara, T. Understanding the Characteristics of Destination Guide Using the Technique of Itinerary Recommendation. 13th Research Conf. of STI, Sendai, April 2016 (in Japanese).

Articles• Suzuki, S., Morimoto, S., and Kurata, Y. (2017): A Study

on Internal Marketing Activities to Improve the Value of Destination. International Journal of Tourism Science, 10, 31-38 (in Japanese).

• Hara, T., Aoyama, K., Kurata, Y., and Yabe, N. (2016):Service Design in Tourism: Encouraging a Cooperative Relationship Between Professional Design and Non-professional Design. Kwan, S. K., Spohrer, J. C., Sawatani, Y. (Eds.) Global Perspectives on Service Science: Japan, 119-135.

• Kawase, J., Ito, F., and Kurata, Y. (2016) Predicting When and Where Tourists Have Viewed Exhibitions from GPS Logs by Using Spatio-temporal Data as Explanatory Variable: A Lesson from Surveys at Tama Zoological Park. Theory and Appications of GIS, 24(1) 1-12 (in Japanese).

• Endo, M., Kondo, T., Saeki, K., Hirota, M., Kurata, Y., and Ohno, S. (2016) A Study of Classification and Extraction of Tourism Keyword Using Morpheme N-gram and RIDF for Tourism Information Retrieval in Visit Region. Tourism and Information, 12, 31-46 (in Japanese).

• Ikeda, T., Endo, Y., and Kurata, Y. (2016) Development of a Web Service for the Co-creation of Music-Enhanced Slide Shows on Loca lAreas. Tourism and Information, 12, 31-46 (in Japanese).

• Kurata, Y. (2016)Current Situation of "Local Smartphone Applications" for Tourists. Artificial Intelligence, 31(6), 839-843, Nov. 2016 (in Japanese).

Taketo NAOIPresentations• Uehara, A., Naoi, T., and Iijima, S., Kanko Mokutekichi nai ni

okeru Hito no Sonzai no Umu ga Insho Hyoka ni Oyobosu Eikyo [The effects of the presence of people on evaluations of tourism destinations]. MERA (Man-Environment Research Association) The 23rd Annual Conference, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan, 28, May 2017.

• Ogawa, M., Naoi, T., and Iijima, S., Effect of interaction between touristic characteristics of places and other people on potential tourists’ evaluation of the places: using slide experiments. University of Surrey School of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2016 Conference, The University of Surrey, Guildford, UK, 19-22, July 2017.

• Sakamoto, K., and Naoi, T., Visitors’ gaze on and evaluation of indoor and outdoor spaces of historical buildings: The case of western style houses in Yokohama Yamate area. University of Surrey School of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2016 Conference, The University of Surrey, Guildford, UK, 19-22, July 2017.

• Sakamoto, K., and Naoi, T. (2016 年 , December). Visitors’ evaluations of elements inside and outside historical houses. Travel and Tourism Research Association (TTRA) Asia Pacific Chapter Conference 2016, Middlesex University, Dubai, UAE, 2-4, December 2017.

Articles• Araya, A., Naoi, T., and Iijima, S. 2016, The effects of Westerners’

presence on Japanese evaluations of a historic district: The case of Takayama City. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 33 (5): 628-644.

• Ogawa, M., Naoi, T., and Iijima, S. 2016. Chapter18: How the presence of people in photographs affects potential visitors’ evaluations. In M. Kozak & N. Kozak, Tourist Behavior: An International Perspective (pp. 168-176), Wallingford, UK: CABI International.

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• Uehara, A., Naoi, T., and Iijima, S. 2017. Relationship between the Characteristics of Commercial Spaces and Evoked Tourist Activities. MERA Journal (Man-environment Research Association) 19 (2): 1-10. (In Japanese)

• Naoi, T., Soshiroda, A., and Iijima, S. in press. The gaze and objectives of townscape visitors. In. A. Woodside & A. Decrop, Advances in Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, Emerald.

• Naoi, T. 2016. Relationship between visitors’ gaze on aspects of local lives and their evaluations of a historical district. Doctoral Thesis of Tokyo Institute of Technology for the Fiscal Year of 2016. (In Japanese)

• Matsui, H., Toyohira, M., Naoi, T., and Iijima, S. 2016. A study on tourism attractions of shopping street in enclave space.　Proceedings of Japan Institute of Tourism Research (JITR) Annual Conference 31: 133-136. (In Japanese)

• Nabeshima, K., and Naoi, T. 2016. What kind of volunteer tour guides will make tourists mindful? Proceedings of Japan Institute of Tourism Research (JITR) Annual Conference 31: 145-148. (In Japanese)

• Naoi, T., Queen, A., Miyazaki, T., and Furutani, T. (2017, March）. Tokushu: Tourism no Mirai (Zadankai) Kawaru Kanko to Nihon no Kadai [Feature article: The future of Tourism (a round ‐table talk) challenges for the changing tourism in Japan]. Mita Hyoron No. 1209: 10-25. (In Japanese)

Yoshiaki HOMPOArticles• Aso, M.,Takasawa, Y.,Honpo,Y.,Yagasaki,N. 2017.Achievements

of “Top-Management-Seminar” for Tourism managers.The International Journal of Tourism Science 10, 85-92. (in Japanese).

Makiko ASOArticles• Aso, M.,Takasawa, Y.,Honpo,Y.,Yagasaki,N. 2017.Achievements

of “Top-Management-Seminar” for Tourism managers.The International Journal of Tourism Science 10, 85-92. (in Japanese)

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Yohei KURATA• Excellent Paper: Shinagawa, Y., Kurata, Y., Ota, J., and Hara, T.

Understanding the Characteristics of Destination Guide Using the Technique of Itinerary Recommendation. 13th Research Conf. of STI.

4．Awards and Honors

Department of Tourism Science Tokyo Metropolitan University Faculity of Urban Environmental Sciences

1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan Tel: +81 42 677 2664 Fax: +81 42 677 2665 Email: sugimoto@tmu.ac.jp http://www.ues.tmu.ac.jp/tourism/index.html