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DIES ANNUAL REPORT 2010

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The year 2010 has been a good and produc-tive one for the CMS. Nine books have been

published with CMS scholars as authors or editors, including one doctoral thesis (Torgeir Landro) and a number of articles. The number of points accord-ing to the official reckoning is 52,85, which is the highest so far. Moreover, a plan for public outreach was developed in cooperation with Bergen Mu-seum. Six exhibitions will be organised in 2011-12, combined with public lectures. In addition, the CMS has been involved in planning the celebra-tion of the 750th anniversary of Håkonshallen, the royal palace in Bergen from the Middle Ages. 2010 was the last year of the Nordic Centre for Medieval

Studies. A final meeting, followed by an interna-tional conference, was organised in Los Angeles in December, while some collective volumes await publication. The end of the CMS in its present form also approaches. The last four doctoral and post doctoral scholars were admitted in summer 2010, and planning for the period after 2012 has already started, as has the final winding-up of the project on Centre and Periphery. However, a number of arrangements will take place during the coming years, many books and articles await publication, and many ideas for future work are under discus-sion. We expect a fruitful and active period in 2011 and 2012.

Introduction

ContentsIntroduction 2Research groups (CMS/NCMS) 3State formation and political culture 4Religion between unity and variety 6The construction of the past 8The arrival of writing 10 Fragment of an antiphonary 12The ‘forging’ of Christian identity in the Northern periphery 13Publications 14Fragments from the past – Dissemination and outreach for CMS 17Guest lectures, conference papers and public outreach 18Boards, committees and partners 21Who we are – Contact information 22

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CMS’s main programme of study, Periphery and Centre in Medieval Europe, addresses the key challenges to our

understanding of cultural production and transmission in the period, such as the tensions between the common Latin culture and indigenous traditions, between political diversity and cultural homogeneity, and between religious and secu-lar thought. The various strands of this study are pursued within the following four research projects:

• The Arrival of Writing • Religion between Unity and Variety • State Formation and Political Culture • The Construction of the Past

Connected with the main programme are two smaller projects: Bishops Towns & Capital Cities in Medieval Scandinavia and Law & legisla-tion.

Until 2010 CMS also hosted the Nordic Centre for Medieval Studies (NCMS), which brings together scholars from the University of Gothenburg, the Finnish Literature Society and the University of Helsinki, the Centre for Medieval Studies at the University of Southern Denmark, and the Centre for Medieval Studies at the Uni-versity of Bergen. Our research programmes aim to over-come deeply rooted national divisions between the Nordic research communities by focusing on the areas of study that have thus far received relatively little attention, such as the importance of ecclesi-astical and religious culture and the relationship between orality and literacy in the Mid-dle Ages. Our approach will involve a systematic compara-

tive study of the Nordic cultural traditions, as well as their placement within the general European context. This will at the same call for harnessing, integration and further devel-opment of the insights gained from more than 150 years of their largely independent study.

Our further ambition is to transcend the traditional bounda-ries between the disciplines and explore the ways in which our main areas of study (state, religion, and culture) overlap. The close connections between the CMS’s four projects and NCMS’s three research teams are illustrated in the diagram.

CMS also hosts a OYI project: The ‘Forging’ of Christian Iden-tity in the Northern Periphery.

Research groupsCMS/NCMS

CMSCoE project: Periphery and

Centre in Medieval Europe

NCoE Project: NCMS: The

Nordic Countries and the

Medieval Expansion of

Europe

Religion

Culture

State Formation

OYI Project: The “Forging” of

Christian Identity in the

Northern Periphery

Law & Legislation

Bishops Towns &

Capital Cities in

Medieval

Scandinavia

The Arrival of Writing

Religion between Unity and

Variety

State formation and

Political Culture

The Construction of the Past

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Sverre Bagge’s book From Viking Stronghold to Christian Kingdom was published in 2010. In contrast to earlier

research, the book considers Norwegian state formation against the background of the general European and Scan-dinavian development. It also em-phasises the influence from abroad, notably through Christianisation and the development of the Church. Finally, it attempts to strike a bal-ance between the traditional idea of “Norway becoming a state” in the High Middle Ages and recent ideas of medieval kingdom being based on local power and patron-client relationships. In addition, Bagge has published articles on administrative literacy, the rules of the game in medieval politics and on medieval historiography. In October, Bagge finished his article “Religion, State Formation and the Expansion of Western Christendom”, originally pre-sented at the Uppsala conference in 2008, which develops further some of the interpretations from the book. Therein he discusses the combination of religious unity and division into separate kingdoms and principalities that characterised medieval Europe compared to other civilisations. He plans to develop these conclusions further in a new book on Europe-an state formation. A first step in this direction is his chapter in the collection from the NCMS project on the division of Scandinavia into three kingdoms and the relationship between them from the tenth to the early sixteenth century. Another step is a project on the medieval aristocracy, begun in 2009 with a meeting in Alba Iulia, Romania, which was continued with a meeting in Bergen in September. Medieval aristocracy was also the subject of a series of sessions at the Medieval Conference in Leeds in July.

Geir Atle Ersland continued his work within the State Team with his main project Bishop Towns and Capital Cities in Medieval Scandi-navia, which will last until the end of 2012. In 2010, he published one article on urban morphology, and a work on the perception of Hanseatic

history in Bergen. He acted as opponent at the University of Gothenburg on Erika Harlitz’s thesis Urbana system och riksbildning i Skandinavien in May 2010. His main project for 2010 has been volume 1 in a new history of Stavanger, which will be published in 2012. In 2011, he will publish two monographs on urban studies, one article on the property structure of three medieval Scandinavian towns and one on the late medieval Hanseatic Kontor in Bergen. In 2010 has been supervising three masters and one PhD student.

An important aspect of state formation is conflict reso-lution, which has been the subject of much discussion in recent years. Bagge’s article on the rules of the game (“Die Spielregeln ändern”) deals with this question, as does also Leidulf Melve’s on “Assembly Politics”, in which he tries to get behind the scene of medieval assembly politics. He argues that assemblies were hardly as controlled and rigid as often assumed, but that there was room for manoeuvring, par-ticularly by putting forward arguments that disrupted the “staging” of the assembly. Melve also examines the changes during the period 650-1150 resulting from the growth of literacy. In another article, he discusses a particular contro-versy, the debate about clerical celibacy.

Inka Moilanen has been working on her thesis on the religious ideol-ogy of kingship in late Anglo-Saxon England. Her main focus in 2010 was on the religious-political writings of Ælfric of Eynsham and Wulfstan of York, and written chapters on the order of society presented in Ælfric’s pastoral letters, on his connections to the secu-lar aristocracy, and on the transmission of religious-political thought from Ælfric to Wulfstan. In Easter Term she spent three months as a visiting student at the Department of Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic at the University of Cambridge. During the stay, she studied the homiletic, philosophical and legal writings of Wulfstan of York, which will constitute the last part of her thesis. She plans to submit her thesis in June 2011.

Biörn Tjällén has been working on an article on the topic of political thought and national history, scrutinizing the works of one Swedish and one Castilian fifteenth-century author. This comparative project involved work in the

State formation and political cultureNCMS State teamProfessor Sverre Bagge, Director and project leader

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Uppsala University Library (Swe-den) and the Biblioteca Angelica (Rome, Italy). He was also invited to Glasgow to present his work on a Swedish instance of the reception of the political thought of John Duns Scotus. Throughout the year, he has continued to partake in the scholarly activities of his field at Stockholm University, where he co-organised a seminar series on historical politics.

Thomas Foerster has continued his work with on his project The Last of the Normans and finished the first half of his monograph, on the Hohenstaufen takeover of the Nor-man kingdom of Sicily, in December. He published an article on ideas of kingship among the Staufer and has almost finished two, respectively on a political poem on the kingdom of Sicily and one on the notion of long-standing genealogies.

Frode Hervik has continued working on his thesis on the late-medieval election charters which is supposed to be finished next year. In addition, he has finished an article on “political participation accord-ing to constitutional documents in late-medieval Norway”, submitted to Heimen.

The project on legal history has been led by Jørn Sunde, Professor of Law, who held a position as a professor 2 (20%) at the Centre in the period 2008-10. After the first workshop arranged in March 2008, the project has arranged three more workshops under the title ”Encounter of Legal Cultures in the Nordic Realms in the High Middle Ages”. In 2009 a workshop on conflict resolution was arranged, and in 2010 a workshop on property law and one on procedural law were held. All workshops were financed by the Nordic Centre for Medieval History, and had participants from both the centre, from other Nordic countries, and from the rest of Europe. 2010 marked the end of this part of the project, and in 2011 the second part began: the making of an anthology of Medieval Nordic law based on a selection of twenty papers given at the workshops. Sixteen of the manuscripts were submitted by February, and the rest will be submitted by May this year.

After editing and proofreading, a manuscript of approxi-mately 450 pages will be offered to publishing companies abroad, since a reason for making the anthology at all is to make available the latest research on Nordic Medieval legal history to an international audience.

Moreover, Torgeir Landro submitted and defended his doctoral thesis Kristenrett og kyrkjerett (Christian and Ec-clesiastical Law) on early Christian legislation in Norway. The ecclesiastical part of the Norwegian medieval pro-vincial laws contains a variety of norms concerning proper Christian conduct. The origin of these laws is traditionally ascribed to St Olaf and his legislation at the Mosterthing in the 1020s. The paragraphs are allegedly borrowed from English ecclesiastical laws, but modified and adapted to Norwegian conditions at the thing, where the local population offered resistance. By contrast, Landro argues that the surviving manuscripts are the end result of a gradual process, stretching over several centuries. The paral-lels between English and Norwegian ecclesiastical laws are questioned, and Landro finds no evidence of a strong Nor-wegian peasantry leaving their imprint on the content. On the contrary, the paragraphs seem to be in accordance with general European ecclesiastical legislation and the composi-tion of the laws and the legal reasoning presented in them show influence from contemporary canon law.

In addition to the conferences on legal history, two other conferences were organised by the team. An international conference on the Normans in the Transcultural Middle Ages, was organised in Heidelberg by Thomas Foerster together with Stefan Burkhardt in cooperation with the university there. The international conference Translating Political Thought in the Middle Ages took place 14-16 December. The theme was translation in a double sense, between languages and countries as well as between theorists and practical politicians. Chronologically, the conference covered themes from the Anglo-Saxon period to the Later Middle Ages.

The members of the team cover a variety of themes over a wide chronological and geographical range. However, like the conference on the translation of political thought, most them touch the borderline between intellectual culture and practical politics. There is also considerable overlapping with the other teams, for instance regarding administrative literacy (The Arrival of Writing) and religious law (Religion between unity and variety). Some members of the team (Bagge, Tjällén) have also published on historiography.

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During 2010 only three members of the CMS staff have been connected throughout the year to the church and

religion programme: Professor Torstein Jørgensen; Senior Re-searcher Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide; and PhD-student Stian Hamre. Two new PhD-students, Lidia Negoi and Iris Crouw-ers, started in August / September (see below).

Since 2010 was the final year of NCMS, the different aspects of the working programme of the NCMS church and religion team absorbed our attention and time. This has es-pecially been the case for Jørgensen, who leads this team to-gether with Dr. Kurt Villads Jensen, Odense, and for Nordeide, who was in charge of an NCMS conference last spring. Both have also been busy publishing different results from the research activities of the team. As for Hamre, he has primarily been working on his thesis, but also presented some of his findings at one of the NCMS conferences.

In the spring 2010 Jørgensen organised several video conferences on the issue of medieval violence under the regis of the WUN network on the initiative of Dr. Peter Clarke, University of Southampton. Among other things he gave a video trans-ferred lecture on clerical violence in Southampton in early February. In April Jørgensen gave a paper on a revised version of the Southampton lecture at a workshop in Canterbury. He also gave a paper in Leeds last July based on a penitentiary supplication from three young soldiers from the Hebrides, travelling to Ceuta to fight the Saracens and to Rome for absolution for not hav-ing fulfilled their solemn vow. For five years Jørgensen will serve as strand coordinator for Scandinavian studies and as a member of the Leeds programming committee. In addi-tion, Jørgensen presented a paper at a conference in Krems, Austria, in October, organised by the penitentiary network on “The narrative texts of the penitentiary supplications”; and in November in Odense, organised by the University of Southern Denmark, he presented a paper on “Heresy, magic and natural philosophy of the Middle Ages”.

Jørgensen’s projects in connection with the winding up of the NCMS network were in the first place to arrange the last team conference at Visby, Gotland, in September. The focus of this conference was to prepare for the final NOS-HS report and to discuss future possibilities for cooperation and

networking. Second, he worked on his joint contribution (together with K. Villads Jensen) to the joint book by the six NCMS team leaders. Third, final editing of the joint book (co-editing together with Villads Jensen and Dr. Kirsi Salonen of an anthology with 11 articles by the team members) which has been accepted for publication by Brepols.

In October Jørgensen acted as 2nd opponent at the pub-lic defence of Eivor Andersen Oftestad’s PhD dissertation, “The House of God: The Translation of the Temple and the Interpretation of the Lateran Cathedral in the Twelfth Cen-tury at The Faculty of Theology”, University of Oslo.Another commitment is being part of the project on the translation of the early Nordic provincial laws into English, led by Profes-sor Stefan Brink, Aberdeen, and involving some 20 scholars from all the five Nordic countries. Jørgensen’s contribution will consist of a closer look at the Church section of the Gulathing law in a theological perspective. This last work will mainly take place in 2011, and involves also some teamwork and workshops.

Nordeide has supervised the PhD students Hamre (‘Early Chris-tian burial practice’, submitted primo February 2011) and Crouw-ers (‘Stone crosses and cross slabs in a comparative perspective’). She has also had some teaching for the faculty (MID101, ARK104), and followed up the publication of a monograph about the Christianiza-tion of Norway, as well as a confer-ence publication entitled “Sacralisation of Landscapes”, co-edited with Stefan Brink. Nordeide has also made several international contributions in 2010, such as a guest lecture on the Christianization of Norway at the McDonald Institute, University of Cambridge in February; presenting a paper on Stone crosses in NW Europe at the YFF conference ‘Material Markers of Christian Identity in Northern Europe’ in April; ‘The Topography of Medieval Bergen’ for CMS’ Inter-national Research School also in April; a paper on papal delegations to the edge of the world in Leeds in July, and a paper on the Chris-tianization of Trøndelag at a Nordic

Religion between unity and varietyNCMS Religion teamProfessor Torstein Jørgensen and researcher Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide, project leaders

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conference in Östersund, Sweden, in October, organised by Mittnordiska Arkeologidagar. Nordeide participated at the final Religion Team meeting in Visby, Gotland in September as well, and she organised the NCMS conference ‘The Birth of Christian Life in the Nordic region’(together with J. Arneborg and M. Andersen, Nationalmuseet), where she also presented a paper on the earliest Christian burials in Norway.

Among other commitments to be mentioned, Nordeide has been appointed Expert evaluator by the European Research Council for the FP7 “Ideas” Specific Program 2007-2013, and has been leader of a committee on the Dr. Philos. degree at the Faculty of Humanities, University of Bergen.

During 2010 Nordeide has prepared plans for a pilot project regarding the ritual behaviour and special strategies during the period of Christianization of Romsdal titled ‘The Emergence of Micro-Christendoms at “the Edge of the World’ around AD 1000’, based on previous results on the CMS Christianization project An application was sent to Riksantik-varen (the Directorate for Cultural Heritage) for permission to do some small excavations, and consent was given for 4 of 5 objects. An application was sent to the Meltzerfond for funding the site work (result expected in March). The project represents cooperation betweeen Professor Brit Solli, Univer-sity of Oslo, Vitenskapsmuseet, NTNU, and Møre og Romsdal fylkeskommune in Molde. It also aims for cooperation with the Institute für Ur- und Frühgeschcichte, Christian-Albre-chts-Universität, Kiel, as well as with the graduate school ‘Human Development in Landscapes’ and the Zentrum für Skandinavische und Baltiscshe Archäologie at Stiftung Schloss Gottorf Schleswig.

With respect to dissemination and outreach, Nordeide gave an interview about stone crosses on the radio, and has written a fea-ture article in the newspaper about the study of early medieval history. Jørgensen has been interviewed by Stavanger Aftenblad about the trans-lation project of the Nordic provincial laws.

Over the next years, on of Jør-gensen’s primary commitments will be to supervise the new PhD-student, Lidia Negoi, on her project on Domini-can sermons, and for Nordeide to finish supervision for PhD-student Stian Hamre (submitted primo February 2011) and supervise Iris Crouwers on her project on stone cross monuments.

In 2011-2012 Nordeide will plan, perform and publish the excavations in Romsdal approved by Riksantik-varen. Nordeide has been invited as guest researcher at the McDonald Institute, University of Cambridge in 2011 where she will continue to elaborate on the Romsdal project and give a lecture on the subject. She will also continue the cooperation with Germany and the UK. A joint application with Germany will be sent to provide mobility between the countries for Ger-man and Norwegian archaeologists.

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The ‘Construction of the Past’ team received a very wel-come addition in Susan Foran, starting her post-doctoral

fellowship at the CMS in August 2010. Her research focuses on chivalry in Spanish and Scottish late medieval historical texts. Her work is added to the other two core members of the team, Mortensen and Sønnesyn. As was the case last year, Mortensen only has a 20% position at the CMS, and Sønnesyn again had considerable teaching commitments, and the produc-tion of 2010 is to a certain extent reflective of this. On the other hand, researchers not part of this team have also made important contributions to our research aims, and Bagge, Melve, Foerster, Moilanen, Tjällén and others have published articles and books, and given papers, concerned with the writing of history in the Middle Ages and what we can learn from this group of texts. Mortensen, Foerster, and Sønnesyn have worked on the organizing of an international confer-ence entitled ‘Figures of History’, that will take place at the end of May 2011.

In 2010, Lars Boje Mortensen published a chapter on the literary techniques of Saxo Grammaticus and Snorri Sturluson in a volume devoted to the two figures, another chapter on the role of writing and speaking about St Olaf as meth-ods for integrating the figure in a national and social context for a vol-ume arising from a YFF-conference, as well as fifteen articles in Brill’s Encyclopedia of Medieval Chronicles (ed. E. Suyver et al.). Mortensen gave papers on the author-ity of previous civilizations in ancient and medieval Latin historiography at two conferences (Medieval Latin Con-gress at Benevento (November) and at UCLA in December). Mortensen also presented papers on editorial fictions in ancient and medieval histories at the NCMS summer school in Bergen (August) and at the SHARP conference in Helsinki (August). He also co-organized a workshop in Ghent (Sep-tember) in the Interfaces series, and gave a paper: ‘Narrative fallacies and substances in the writing of history and literary

history’.Together with Lars Bisgaard, Mortensen has been edit-

ing the proceedings of the annual Odense symposium in November 2009 on Guilds, Towns, and Cultural Transmission in the North (ca 1300-1500) and been writing a common introduction, which addresses the issue of cultural diffusion in the North in the Late Medieval period with special empha-sis on the guilds as cultural and religious meeting places. The overall theme of the CMS, periphery and centre, is treated in a manner which underlines the complexities of diffusion (not concentric circles) but which also makes it clear that the overall direction of ‘cultural traffic’ in this period is from German to Nordic towns. The wider cultural perspectives of the spread of an urban civilization into the North in the late medieval period are being re-assessed, particularly against a research tradition which has mainly focused on the Hansa as a source of political trouble. Towards the end of 2010, Mortensen also co-organized, with Melve and Patrick Geary, a semi-nar in Los Angeles treating themes related to the study of historiography in the Middle Ages.

Leidulf Melve published a major monograph in Norwe-gian on the writing history from Antiquity to modern times. This book has already become important for the teaching syllabus at the University of Bergen.

Sverre Bagge published three articles central to this team’s main research themes in 2010. The first of these dis-cusses historical interpretation in William of Malmesbury’s Historia Novella and in contrast to some earlier scholarship concludes that William’s perspective is consistently religious and ethical. William’s narrative and selection of facts are in-tended to show that Mathilda is the only lawful candidate to the English throne after Henry I’s death in 1135, and that this is the reason for Earl Robert of Gloucester, William’s patron, to support her. In his preface, written shortly after Mathilda’s and Robert’s apparent victory in 1141, William explains this victory as the result of God’s intervention. However, the setback later the same year forced him to change this inter-pretation. He thus turns to fortuna as the explanation in the preface to Book 3, while making Robert’s defeat into a vic-tory by pointing to his noble behaviour in adversity. Finally,

The construction of the pastNCMS Culture teamProfessor Lars Boje Mortensen and postdoctoral fellow Sigbjørn Sønnesyn, project leaders

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the relationship between God’s providence and fortuna in William’s text is discussed against the background of some contemporary examples.

The second article, “Fortelling, makt og politikk hos Saxo og Snorre”, compares Snorri Sturluson and Saxo Gram-maticus by examining two cases where they deal with the same or similar subjects. The first is the story of St Olav who punishes himself for cutting pieces of a wooden stick on a Sunday. The second is Saxo’s account of St Knud and Snorri’s of St Olav, both of which deal with saintly kings who were at-tacked and killed by their own people. The two authors’ nar-rative style differs radically. While Snorri aims at a concrete and vivid representation of external reality, Saxo is abstract and distant, excelling in rhetorical skills derived from a long, learned tradition. This contrast conforms to some extent to Erich Auerbach’s and Mark Phillips’s distinction between ‘rep-resentation’ and ‘argument’, vivid narrative versus intellectual analysis. However, the comparison between the works in their entirety shows Snorri as equally argumentative as Saxo. The main difference is that Saxo’s perspective is moralis-tic, whereas Snorri is more concerned with explaining the events in political terms.

The third article, “Warrior, king, and saint: The medieval histories about St. Olafr Haraldsson” deals with the medieval literature about St. Óláfr Haraldsson (king 1015-30), identifying a core of information about him that is adapted in different ways in the dif-ferent texts. In particular, it is possible to distinguish between an ecclesiasti-cal tradition focusing on the saint, and a more secular one mainly concerned with the warrior and the king and with the political reasons for Óláfr’s fall. The latter is particularly prominent in Snorri’s masterpiece, in which, however, the coherent account of Olav’s conflict comes at the cost of a considerable distortion of the evidence that was available to Snorri.

In 2010, Sønnesyn completed the manuscript for his monograph entitled ‘William of Malmesbury and the Ethics of History’, due to appear in late 2011/early 2012. He also

participated with Michael Winterbottom and Rodney Thom-son on an edition and translation of William of Malmesbury’s ‘Commentary on Lamentations’, for which he also wrote part of the preface. This edition will be published by Brepols in 2011. Finally he revised and submitted a paper on William of Malmesbury’s notion of authorship, given at a conference in late 2009, for publication in the proceedings of the confer-ence which will published in 2011. Sønnesyn was invited to give a paper on Norman historiography at an international conference on Norman history in Heidelberg, Germany, in April 2010. This paper has subsequently been revised and submitted for the publication of the proceedings, currently being edited by the conference organizers. He also gave papers at the international congresses at Kalamazoo and Leeds on the political thought of John of Salisbury, arguing a reading of the collected works of John, including his histo-riography, as one organic whole. These papers are currently being revised into an article. Sønnesyn co-organized an international workshop called ‘Translating Political Thought in the Middle Ages’ with Biörn Tjällèn and Inka Moilanen. This workshop discussed political thought in the Middle Ages as it appears in a great range of sources, including histo-riographical texts. At this conference, Sønnesyn also gave a revised version of the Leeds and Kalamazoo papers.

For the future, the team plans a conference on “Figures of History: The Exemplary Past in Nordic, Norman and German Historiography” which will be the most important event planned by the team for 2011 and the proceedings will be subsequently edited and published by Foerster, Sønnesyn, Mortensen. The team will also collaborate with Karsten Friis-Jensen’s historiographical project at the Saxo Institute, University of Copenhagen. From January 1st 2011, Sønnesyn holds part-time post-doctoral fellowships at both the CMS in Bergen and at the Saxo Institute under Friis-Jensen’s project, which deals with Danish historiography in Latin in the High Middle Ages. There is a natural affinity between the CMS and Saxo Institute projects that should be developed over the next two years. Finally, within the Interfaces framework, a book will be planned at a meeting in March; further activi-ties depend on current bids and applications (Mortensen is currently engaged in a second-round bid for a Danish Centre of Excellence).

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The aim of the project ‘The Arrival of Writing’ is to shed light on the relationship between oral and written mediums in the Middle Ages as well as between Latin and vernacular forms. The project examines the practical effect of the intro-duction of the technology of writing in terms of literature and book production, writing centres and administrative literacy. Furthermore, the project re-examines existing, and where necessary develops new, theoretical frameworks for the study of oral and written culture as well as the complex relationship between the two.

In 2010 Professor Else Mundal, Associate Professor Aidan Conti, Researcher Slavica Rankovic, Post-doctoral Fellows Jonas Wellendorf, Åslaug Ommundsen and Amy C. Mulligan, and Ph.D. student Helen Leslie constituted the ‘Arrival of Writ-ing’ team. Professor Leidulf Melve has also contributed to the team as well as postdoctoral fellow Eldar Heide.

Members of the Arrival of Writing team organized two conferences/workshops in 2010. The conference “Perform-ance and Performativity in Medieval Europe: Texts and Transformations” was organized by Mulligan in Bergen in late August–early September, and the workshop “Tangible and Digital: Medieval Book Culture and Modern Manuscript Studies” was organized by Ommundsen in November (The second workshop in the “Nordic medieval book culture” exploratory workshops series, supported by NOS-HS). In addition Mundal, together with scholars from Cambridge, Oxford, Nottingham, and University College, London, organ-ized a seminar in Selje in April intended for Ph.D. students. Heide with the assistance of Leslie organized the conference “New Focus on Retrospective Methods” in September for the CMS and the Retrospective Methods Network, which Heide initiated in 2009.

Four books edited or co-edited by members of the Arrival of Writing team were published in 2010: Along the Oral-Writ-ten Continuum. Types of Texts, Relations and their Implica-tions (edited by Rankovic (chief editor), Melve and Mundal); Saxo og Snorre [Saxo and Snorre](Mundal co-editor), Samer som ‘den andre‘, samer om ‘den andre’ [Sami as ‘the other’, Sami about ‘the other’](Mundal co-editor), and Vår eldste bok [Our Oldest Book](Ommundsen co-editor). In 2010 Rancovic (chief editor) together with Conti, Melve, Mundal,

and Ingvil Brügger Budal (external) edited the manuscript of the book Modes of Authorship in the Middle Ages. The book is accepted for publication by PIMS publications. Mundal has completed the editing of the book Dating the Sagas. The ar-ticles of both these books build on conference papers from conferences organized by members of the Arrival of Writing team in 2008.

In 2010 plans were made for two new conferences in 2011: “Latin and Vernacular Grammatica” (to be organized by Wellendorf ) in August, and “Aesthetics and Ideas of Beauty in the Old Norse World” (to be organized by Leslie) in late May/early June. The letter conference will be followed by a two days seminar for Ph.D. students from our own centre and universities in our networks. The team has discussed prelimi-nary plans for a conference in the summer of 2012 entitled “Writing Europe before 1450” (to be organized by Conti).

Throughout the year, all members of the team partici-pated in and delivered papers at a number of international conferences. Several of the team members visited other universities or research centres, both to carry out their own research and to strengthen co-operation within different networks related to the “Arrival of Writing” project or to the centre as a whole: Mundal visited The University of Poitiers and the University of Vilnius; Ommundsen spent three weeks studying fragments at The National Archives in Oslo; and Leslie received The Canon Ruddy Memorial Scholarship for 3 weeks residential study at St Deiniol’s Library in February/March.

Most of the articles published by Else Mundal in 2010 deal with subjects central to the project, ‘The Arrival of Writ-ing’. During the year she has continued working within the same field writing drafts of chapters for a book on the devel-opment of the Old Norse written culture and its foundation in the oral time. Other members of the Arrival of Writing team will contribute to this book as well. Another area of investigation has been Old Norse law, two articles within this field will be published in a book edited by Jørn Øyrehagen Sunde. A third field of research has been Old Norse mythol-ogy. Most of what Mundal has written on this subject is related to the Eddic poen Voluspá and will be published as chapter of a book on this poem. In 2010 she gave 10 papers at conferences and as gest lecturer at universities abroad and in Norway.

In 2010, Aidan Conti’s chapter comparing the sermons of the Old Norwegian Homily Book with contemporary English material appeared in Vår eldste bok. Another chapter on

The arrival of writingNCMS Culture teamProfessor Else Mundal and associate professor Aidan Keally Conti, project leaders

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early history writing in Denmark ap-peared in Saints and their Lives on the Periphery. He gave a paper on the codicology of twelfth-century English books and another on the early mod-ern Protestant use of a thirteenth-cen-tury manuscript of English sermons (Leicester, England). These serve as the basis for articles submitted on the way in which book compilation serves to elucidate textual communities and the continued use of medieval, Catholic material in the early Protestant world. Further, he gave a paper on the analysis of variation in manuscript copies (Pisa) that builds on work completed for an article entitled ‘Scribes as Authors’ for a collective team volume.

Slavica Rankovic finished her postdoctoral period at the CMS in June and was then employed as a researcher. She has started work-ing on a new project: “Immanent Seas, Scribal Havens: The Bad Name of Formula and the Good Work of Formulopoesis in the Sagas of Ice-landers”. This project on formulae will emphasize theoretical discussions as well as focusing on new interpreta-tive possibilities. Rankovic delivered a paper at the confer-ence on performance and performativity (organized by Mulligan) and another paper at the NCMS seminar in Madrid in October, both of which will be published.

In addition to her primary field of research, manuscript culture, Åslaug Ommundsen has contin-ued her work on saints’ cults and monastic history. New evidence regarding Norway’s largest con-vent, Nonneseter in Bergen, was published in a historical journal. Work on Norwegian saints, particu-larly Hallvard of Oslo and Sunniva of Bergen, has been presented in chapters in two different books and in a public lecture. In September Ommundsen presented her research on manuscript fragments in Oslo concert hall at an event hosted by the Norwegian Research Council, and she has also presented her research at several

international conferences.Throughout the year Jonas Wellen-

dorf has been working on his postdoc-toral project “North of Babel”. In addi-tion he has published both scientific and popular articles and a number of works have been finished and are in print. During the year he has given five papers on various topics within the field of Old Norse philology. In connec-tion with his teaching he has produced educational material for students of Old Norse and he has written a long chapter on learned literature for a revised version of Handbok i nor-røn filologi. Further, he has completed the translation of three Sagas of Ice-landers from Old Norse into Danish.

Elder Heide’s research in 2010 dealt with several themes, especially the development and utilization of ret-rospective methodology. Within Old Scandinavian religion, he continued his research that makes use of post-Medieval material as a supplement to medieval material. Within the mari-time field, he wrote two article manuscripts that attempt to connect the terms for ship types known from 13th and 14th centuries with archaeologically found ships and ship iconog-raphy from the early Viking Age. Within the linguistic field, he published an article on phonological developments in late Old Scandinavian based upon what can be inferred from a comparison of the modern dialects.

In 2010 Helen Leslie worked on her Ph.D. project “The Prose Context of Ed-dic Poetry”. In addition she published one paper, and two more are ready for publication. Early in the year she spent time at a library in Wales to gather ma-terial on Biblical prosimetrical scholar-ship. She has completed a number of courses which have helped advance her research, including a week-long course on “The Book in the Ancient World” at The London Rare Books School, and three courses at The London Palaeography Summer School. She has also completed language courses in Norwegian and Serbian. During the year she has given six conference papers as well as an invited “popular” lecture (UK).

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Fragment of an antiphonaryc1200–1225Oslo NRA Lat.Fragm. 1018, written by the scribe of the Norwegian Homily Book (resized)

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OYI-Project

In 2010, two major events were organized in Bergen under the aegis of the YFF project: on April 26-28, Ildar

Garipzanov and Kristel Zilmer organized an international conference on Material Markers of Christian Identity in Northern Europe (c. 820 - c. 1200); and on October 21-22, Ildar Garipzanov organized an inter-national seminar in collaboration with Oleksiy Tolochko (Institute of Ukrain-ian History, Kiev), Early Christianity in Scandinavia and Rus’: Contacts and Influences. The first event completed the third stage of the project and explored the role of various types of material markers in the production and reproduction of Christian identi-ties in Northern Europe. The second event started the final phase of the project and explored the process of early Christianization in Scandinavia and Rus’ in a comparative perspective. The results of that event will be prepared for publication as the fourth collective volume of the project during 2011.

In 2010, the first collective volume of the project (co-edited by Ildar Garipzanov) on the early cult of saints across

the early Christian North appeared in the Cursor mundi series at Brepols. In addition, Garipzanov continued his research on early Christian historical narratives and early medieval politi-cal culture, and developed further his studies on Christian symbols and graphic signs in early medieval Europe. The latter was presented to a wider academic audience for the Earlier Mid-dle Ages Seminar at the Institute of Historical Research, Lon-don. Kristel Zilmer continued her research on Christian runic inscriptions, presenting the results in form of two conference papers, one of them a plenary paper at the 7th International Symposium on Runes and Runic inscriptions in Oslo in August. Zilmer also carried out editorial work on a collective volume on epigraphic literacy and Christian identity; this third collective volume of the project is scheduled to be published in the Utrecht Studies of Medieval Literacy in autumn 2011 or spring 2012. Thorir Jonsson Hraundal continued his work on the text of his doctoral dissertation.

The ‘forging’ of Christian identityin the Northern peripheryReseacher Ildar Garipzanov, project leader

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BooksBagge, Sverre Håkon. From Viking Stronghold to Christian

Kingdom. State Formation in Norway,c. 900-1350. Museum Tusculanums Forlag.

Garipzanov, Ildar and Antonsson, Haki Thor (eds.). Saints and their Lives on the Periphery Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200). Brepols.

Melve, Leidulf. Historie. Historieskriving frå antikken til i dag. Dreyer Forlag.

Mundal, Else and Rydving, Håkan (eds.). Samer som ”de andra”, samer om ”de andra”: identitet och etnicitet i nordiska kulturmöten. Umeå.

–, Jørgensen, Jon Gunnar; Friis-Jensen, Karsten (eds.). Saxo og Snorre. Museum Tusculanums Forlag.

Ommundsen, Åslaug and Haugen, Odd Einar (eds.). Vår eldste bok. Skrift, miljø og biletbruk i den norske homilieboka. Novus Forlag.

Rankovic, Slavica; Melve, Leidulf; Mundal, Else (eds.). Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols.

Sunde, Jørn Øyrehagen and Skodvin, Knut Einar (eds.). Rendezvous of European Legal Cultures. Fagbokforlaget.

Doctoral thesisLandro, Torgeir. Kristenrett og kyrkjerett –

Borgartingskristenretten i eit komparativt perspektiv.

Other isolated publicationsErsland, Geir Atle. Bergen, Bryggen, hanseatene og Koren

Wiberg. Det hanseatiske museum. Pp. 32.—. Det hanseatiske museum 1872–. Det hanseatiske

Museum. Pp. 96.—. Hanseater og pirater. Bergen internasjonale filmfestival.

Pp. 4.

Primary articlesBagge, Sverre Håkon. Administrative Literacy in Norway.

In: Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols. Pp. 371-396.

—. Ethics, politics and Providence in William of Malmesbury’s “Historia Novella”. Viator: Medieval and Renaissance Studies 41. Pp. 113-132.

—. Fortelling, makt og politikk hos Saxo og Snorre. In: Saxo og Snorre. Museum Tusculanums Forlag. Pp. 167-185.

—. Warrior, king, and saint: The medieval histories about

St. Olafr Haraldsson. Journal of English and Germanic philology 109(3). Pp. 281-321.

Conti, Aidan Keally. Gammelt og nytt i homiliebokens prekeunivers. In: Vår eldste bok. Skrift, miljø og biletbruk i den norske homilieboka. Novus Forlag. Pp. 165-186.

—. Reality Fictions: Romance, History, and Governmental Authority, 1025-1180. Modern philology 107(3). Pp. E9-E12.

—. Ælnoth of Canturbury and Early Mythopoiesis in Denmark. In: Saints and their Lives on the Periphery Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200). Brepols. Pp. 189-206.

Ersland, Geir Atle. Plot longevity and urban land tenure: a Norwegian case study. Urban morphology 14(1). Pp. 21-29.

Foerster, Thomas. Der Prophet und der Kaiser: Staufische Herrschaftsvorstellungen am Ende des 12. Jahrhunderts. In: Staufisches Kaisertum im 12 Jahrhundert: Konzepte - Netzwerke - Politische Praxis. Verlag Schnell + Steiner. Pp. 253-276.

Garipzanov, Ildar. Annales Guelferbytani. In: Changing perspectives of a local narrative. In: Zwischen Niederschrift und Widerschrift: Frühmittelalterliche Hagiographie und Historiographie im Spannungsfeld von Kompendienüberlieferung und Editionstechnik. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Pp. 123-137.

—. Novgorod and the Veneration of Saints in Eleventh-Century Rus’: A Comparative View. In: Saints and their Lives on the Periphery Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200). Brepols. Pp. 115-145.

—. The Cult of St Nicholas in the Early Christian North (c. 1000-1150). Scandinavian Journal of History 35(3). Pp. 229-246.

— and Haki Thor Antonsson, Introduction: The Veneration of Saints in Early Christian Scandinavia and Eastern Europe. In: Saints and their Lives on the Periphery Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200). Brepols. Pp. 1-14.

Heide, Eldar. Tjukk l - retroflektert tydeleggjering av kort kvantitet om kvalitetskløyvinga av det gamle kvantitetssystemet. Maal og Minne. Pp. 3-44.

Jonsson Hraundal, Thorir. When and How did the Rūs/Rhos Enter Written Sources?. North and South, East and West: Movements in the Medieval World. In: Proceedings

Publications2010See http://www.cristin.no

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of the 2nd Postgraduate Conference of the Institute for Medieval Research University of Nottingham.

Melve, Leidulf. Assembly Politics and the “Rules-of-the-Game” (c. 650 – c. 1150). Viator: Medieval and Renaissance Studies.

—. Mapping Public Debates along the Oral-Literate Continuum (1000-1300). In: Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols

—. Performance, argument, and assembly politics (ca. 1080–ca. 1160). In: Die Kunst des Streitens. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.

—. The Public Debate on Clerical Marriage in the Late Eleventh Century. The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 61(4). Pp. 688-706.

Mortensen, Lars Boje. Litterær teknik og sprogets repræsentative effekter hos Snorre og Saxo. In: Saxo og Snorre. Museum Tusculanums Forlag. Pp. 113-129.

—. Writing and Speaking of St Olaf: National and Social Integration. In: Saints and their Lives on the Periphery Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200). Brepols. Pp. 207-218.

Mundal, Else. Forholdet mellom samar og nordmenn i norrøne kjelder. In: Samer som ”de andra”, samer om ”de andra”: identitet och etnicitet i nordiska kulturmöten. Umeå. Pp. 135-143.

—. How Did the Arrival of Writing Influence Old Norse Oral Culture?. In: Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols. Pp. 163-181.

—. Kva funksjon har forteljinga om den mytiske fortida hjå Saxo og Snorre?. In: Saxo og Snorre. Museum Tusculanums Forlag. Pp. 231-240.

—. Memory of the Past and Old Norse Identity. In: The Making of memory in the Middle Ages. Brill Academic Publishers. Pp. 463-472.

—. King Magnús Bareleg’s adventures in the West: the making of a King’s Saga. In: The Viking Age: Ireland and the West. Papers from the Proceedings of the Fifteenth Viking Congress, 18-27 August 2005. Four Courts Press. Pp. 240-247.

— and Håkan Rydving. Føreord. In: Samer som ”de andra”, samer om ”de andra”: identitet och etnicitet i nordiska kulturmöten. Umeå. Pp. 7-8.

Nordeide, Sæbjørg Walaker. Cross monuments in North-Western Europe. Zeitschrift für Archäologie des Mittelalters 37. Pp. 163-178.

—. “I döden er vi alle ulike”. Gravmateriale i Sør-Norge i yngre jernalder og tidlig middelalder som grunnlag for å belyse kristningen av Norge. In: Från hedniskt till kristet. Förändringar i begravningsbruk och gravskick i Skandinavien c:a 800-1200. Sällskapet Runica et Mediaevalia. Pp. 103-130.

—. Urbanism and Christianity in Norway. In: The Viking Age: Ireland and the West. Papers from the Proceedings of

the Fifteenth Viking Congress, 18-27 August 2005. Four Courts Press 978-1-84682-101-1. Pp. 248-257

Ommundsen, Åslaug. A Text in Flux: St. Hallvard’s Legend and Its Redactions. In: Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols. Pp. 269-290.

—. Homilieboka og dei liturgiske fragmenta. In: Vår eldste bok. Skrift, miljø og biletbruk i den norske homilieboka.. Novus Forlag. Pp. 131-150.

—. Nonneseter i Bergen - eit benediktinarkloster. Historisk Tidsskrift 89(4). Pp. 547-571.

—. The Cults of Saints in Norway before 1200. In: Saints and their Lives on the Periphery Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200). Brepols. Pp. 67-93.

— and Odd Einar Haugen. Nye blikk på homilieboka. In: Vår eldste bok. Skrift, miljø og biletbruk i den norske homilieboka. Novus Forlag. Pp. 9-33.

—. The first Norwegian scribes and their teachers. In: Teaching Writing, Learning to Write: Proceedings of the XVIth Colloquium of the Comité International de Paléographie Latine. King’s College Publications. Pp. 131-144.

Rankovic, Slavica. Introduction. In: Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols. Pp. 1-13.

—. The Oral-Written Continuum as a Space. In: Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols. Pp. 39-71.

Sunde, Jørn Øyrehagen. Champagne at the Funeral - an Introduction to Legal Culture. In: Rendezvous of European Legal Cultures. Fagbokforlaget. Pp. 11-28.

—. The Art of being Artful - the Complex Reception of Law. In: Rendezvous of European Legal Cultures. Fagbokforlaget. Pp. 29-43.

— and Knut Einar Skodvin. Legal Culture in a Europe in Change - a Foreword. In: Rendezvous of European Legal Cultures. Fagbokforlaget. Pp. 5-6.

Wellendorf, Jonas. The Attraction of the Earliest Old Norse Vernacular Hagiography. In: Saints and their Lives on the Periphery Veneration of Saints in Scandinavia and Eastern Europe (c.1000-1200). Brepols. Pp. 241-258.

—. The interplay of pagan and christian traditions in Icelandic settlement myths. Journal of English and Germanic philology 109(1). Pp. 1-21.

Zilmer, Kristel. Deictic references in runic inscriptions on voyage runestones. Futhark: International Journal of Runic Studies 1. Pp. 123-141.

—. Viking Age Rune Stones in Scandinavia: The Interplay between Oral Monumentality and Commemorative Literacy. In: Along the oral-written continuum: Types of texts, relations and their implications. Brepols. Pp. 135-162.

—. Broinnskriftene fra Uppland – privat markering og felles praksis. In: Bro till evigheten. Brons rumsliga, sociala och

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religiösa dimension under vikingatid och tidig medeltid.. Stockholm: Stockholms läns museum. Pp. 42-51.

—. Sailing to the East Sea - On Selected Motifs Concerning the Baltic Sea in Old Norse-Icelandic Literature. In: Drevnejshie gosudarstva Vostochnoj Evropy 2009. Transkontinental’nye i lokal’nye puti kak sociokul’turnyj fenomen. Moskva: Indrik. Pp. 100-117.

Minor Articles and reviewsBagge, Sverre Håkon. Emotions in Motion Emotional

Diversity in 13th Century Spanish and Norse Society. Historisk Tidsskrift 89(1). Pp. 106-109.

Conti, Aidan Keally. Review of Reality Fictions: Romance, History, and Governmental Authority, 1025–1180 by Robert M. Stein. Modern philology 107(3). Pp. E9-E12.

Garipzanov, Ildar. Images, Iconoclasm, and the Carolingians. American Historical Review 115(2). Pp. 595-596.

Landro, Torgeir. Gulathingsbok. In: Handwörterbuch zur deutschen Rechtsgeschichte. 2., völlig überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Erich Schmidt Verlag. Pp. 609-612.

—. Gutalagh. In: Handwörterbuch zur deutschen Rechtsgeschichte. 2., völlig überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage. Erich Schmidt Verlag. Pp. 617-618.

Melve, Leidulf. Charlemagne The Formation of a European Identity. Historisk Tidsskrift 89(1). Pp. 131-136.

—. Oratio contra clerum Norvegiae. In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press.

Mortensen, Lars Boje. Ailnoth of Odense. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 21.

—. Annales Lundenses. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 72.

—. Annales Ripenses. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 83.

—. Annales Ryenses. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 85.

—. Chronica Jutensis. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 353.

—. Chronicon ecclesiae Ripensis. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 330.

—. Chronicon Lethrense. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. Pp. 361-362

—. Chronicon Roskildense. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 413.

—. Chronicon Sialandie. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 428.

—. Chronicon Vitæscholæ. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 447.

—. Compendium Saxonis. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 484.

—. Danske Rimkrønike. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 509.

—. Exordium monasterii Carae Insulae. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 602.

—. Helgesen, Poul. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. Pp. 763-764.

—. Historia de Profectione Danorum in Ierosolymam. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 802.

—. Historia Norwegie. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. Pp. 799-800.

—. Saxo Grammaticus. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. Pp. 1328-1330.

—. Sven Aggesen. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 1403.

—. Theodoricus monachus. In: The Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers. P. 1419.

Mundal, Else. Ari Þorgilsson inn fróði. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

—. Fylgja. In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press. P. 679.

—. Færeyinga Saga. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

—. Jómsvíkinga Saga. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

—. Knýtlinga Saga. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

—. Orkneyinga Saga. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

—. Prima signatio. In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press. Pp. 1357-1358.

—. Scandinavian idols. In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press. Pp. 1483-1485.

—. Sturlunga Saga. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

—. Sæmundr Sigfússon inn fróði. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

Nordeide, Sæbjørg Walaker. Trondheim (Nidaros). In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press. Pp. 1657-1657.

Ommundsen, Åslaug. Musical and Liturgical Sources from Scandinavia. In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press. Pp. 1182-1182.

Sunde, Jørn Øyrehagen. Helle Vogt, Mia Münster-Swendsen (red.): Law and Learning in the Middle Ages. Collegium Medievale 22. Pp. 228-235.

Tjällén, Biörn Gunnar. Ericus Olai. In: Encyclopedia of the Medieval Chronicle. Brill Academic Publishers.

Wellendorf, Jonas. Konungs skuggsjá. In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press. P. 939.

—. Sermon literature (Scandinavian). In: The Oxford Dictionary of the Middle Ages, vol. 1-4. Oxford University Press. Pp. 1523-1524.

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CMS has since 2009 collaborated with Bergen Museum on an outreach project named ‘Fragments from the Past’.

The main goal is to give a broader audience an insight into the research efforts at the CMS. The project entails six small exhibitions and twelve lectures to be presented during 2011 and 2012, with themes selected from the CMS research programme in the period 2003–2012. The six exhibitions are organised in three pairs, presenting CMS academic research by help of the objects and design experience at Bergen Museum:

Spring semester 2011

Monasteries and knowledgeByzantium and the North

Autumn semester 2011

State and monarchyLaw and justice

Spring semester 2012

Penance and remissionSagas and saga writing

The first two exhibitions opened 4 February this year, and have been well received with coverage both in Bergens Tidende and NRK as well as other media. The current exhibi-tions will be replaced by the next thematic pair in Septem-ber 2011. The project will result in a publication presenting the lecture series in a collective volume.

Fragments from the pastDissemination and outreach for CMS

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Bagge, Sverre Håkon. From Fist to Scepter. Authoroty in Norway in the Middle Ages. Seeing, Hearing, Reading and Believing. Authorities in the Middle Ages.

—. Olav Tryggvason’s Connections with Russia and Eastern Christianity: A Critical Overwiew. Early Christianity in Scandinavia and Rus: Contacts and Influences.

—. P.A. Munch og sagaene. Andreas med pennen i hånden. Symposium ved P. A. Munchs 200-årsdag.

—. P.A. Munch og sagaene I. Peter Andreas Munch og grunnlegginga av norsk historieforsking.

—. Snorri and Saxo: The Meeting Between latin and Vernacular Historiography in Scandinavia. Annual Meeting.

—. The Aristocracy in Medieval Norway. International Medieval Congress (IMC): Travel and Exploration.

—. The Ordeal in Norwegian Law and Practice. The Encounter of Legal Cultures in the Nordic Realms 1100-1400. 3rd Workshop.

—. To fortellinger, to kulturer. Otto av Freising og Snorre Sturlason. Forelesning i Det Norske Vitenskaps-Akademi.

—. Å male i tekst. Fremstillingsformer i norrøn og latinsk historieskriving i middelalderen. Markering av Gunnar Danbolts 70-årsdag.

Conti, Aidan Keally. Markets for Books before the Book Market: How does a sacred artefact transform into a tradeable commodity? Textual Communities on and of the Nordic Middle Ages.

—. Preservation, Representation and Reconstruction: How we look at texts in English Manuscripts 1060-1220. The Production and Use of English Manuscripts 1060 to 1220 Second Symposium.

—. Stemmatology and the Science of Copying: Notes and Possibilities. Studia Stemmatologica: A Series of International Workshops on Stemmatology.

—. Writing England in 1200, Reading England in the Reformation: Abraham Wheelocke’s examination of the Trinity Homilies.. Writing England 1000-1400.

Ersland, Geir Atle. Norske krosstog - heilag krig, diplomati eller røvartokt?. Historieseminar.

—. Opponent til Erika Harlitz: Urbana system och riksbildning i Skandinavien.. Disputas.

Foerster, Thomas. Imperial Tradition and Norman Heritage: Cultures of Violence. Norman Tradition and Transcultural Heritage.

—. Summary. Norman Tradition and Transcultural Heritage

—. The Royal Bloodline - Dynastic Aggrandizement and the Invention of Trojan Genealogies in Late 12th Century Europe. Internseminar.

—. The Schism of 1159: Representations in English Historiography. International Medieval Congress.

Garipzanov, Ildar. Christian Symbols on Eleventh-century Scandinavian Coins: Imitation and Adaptation. Material Markers of Christian Identity in Northern Europe (c. 820-1200).

—. Early Christian Contacts and Influences between Scandinavia and Rus’: Some Suggestions. Early Christianity in Scandinavia and Rus’: Contacts and Influences.

—. Graphicacy and Authority in Early Medieval Europe: Graphic Signs of Power and Faith. Institute of Historical Research, London.

—. The Concept of the Two Swords and Carolingian Sociopolitical Culture. Translating Political Thought in the Middle Ages.

Hamre, Stian. Burial practices in early Christian Norway. The birth of Christian life in the Nordic region.

Heide, Eldar. Tidleg dialektkontakt i Nord-Noreg. FORSE-seminar.

—. Working on the Semantic Side of Etymology: The Culture-Etymological Approach. New Focus on Retrospective Methods.

Hervik, Frode. Danehoffet and the concept of political representation. Translating political thought in the Middle Ages.

—. Democratic features in the Nordic countries in the middle ages?. CMS/NCMS Summer School in Bergen.

—. Medvirkning og beslutningsprosesser i nordiske håndfestninger. De norske historiedager.

Jonsson Hraundal, Thorir. Integration and Disintegration: The ’Norse’ in descriptions of the Rus. Norman Tradition and Transcultural Heritage.

Jørgensen, Torstein. Coping with Pagan Heresy and Practices in the Early Norwegian Provincial Laws. Magic, Heresy and Natural Philosophy.

—. The presence of the papacy in late medieval Norway - exemplified by the relation between ecclesiastical and civil jurisdiction and supplicants to Pope and King. Executing Papal Mandates in the late Middle Ages.

—. The Stories of a Killer Priest and a Monk who left his Monastery. Two Narrative Examples of petitions

Guest lectures, conference papers and public outreach2010

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from Norway.. The narrative texts of the penitntiary supplications.

—. Travelling to Cauta to fight the Saracenes and to Rome for penitence: Marvellous story of three young men from the Hebrides. International Medieval Congress (IMC): Travel and Exploration

—. Two Separate Realms or Common Ground? Violence and killing in Late Medieval norway as dealt with by Civil an Ecclesiastical Authoriries. Law and Violence in the Middle Ages.

Landro, Torgeir. Kristenrett og kyrkjerett - Borgartingskristenretten i eit komparativt perspektiv. Medeltidskomittens föreläsningsserie.

—. Norwegian Church Laws from the Thirteenth Century. CMS Research School Christmas Seminar

—. The Inquisitorial Procedure in the Borgarthingslaw?. Third Workshop on the Encounter of Legal Cultures in the Nordic Realms 1100-1400

Leslie, Helen Frances. Continuum of Tradition and the Men of Hrafnista. Cambridge Colloquium Anglo-Saxon, Norse and Celtic.

—. Project: Prose Contexts of Eddic Poetry. HF Startseminar for PhD Students.

—. The Quotation of Grottasöngr in Snorra Edda. The Past, Present and Future.

Melve, Leidulf. Comparision, histoire croisée and global historiography. Eastern/Western - Ancient/Medieval/Modern: New Approaches to Historiography.

—. Debattkulturar i den europeiske mellomalderen. Norske historiedager.

—. Debattkulturar i den europeiske mellomalderen: argument, demonstrasjon og emosjonar ved representative forsamlingar. Konstruksjonen av demokrati og offentlighet mellom rasjonalitet og emosjoner.

—. Fra historieskriving til historiefag (1800 – 1914). Kurs for lærere i historie.

—. Historieskrivingens mange ansikter (500 f.kr. – 1800 e.kr). Kurs for lærere i historie.

—. Historieteori og metode hjå P. A. Munch. P. A. Munch og grunnleggingen av norsk historieforskning.

—. Komparasjon, histoire croisée og globalhistoriografi. Å studere historieskrivningens historie.

—. Norsk historieskriving. Historiografiseminar.—. Nye strømninger og utfordringer (1914 til i dag). Kurs for

lærere i historie.—. Politisering av folkeopinionen, 800-1200. Norske

historiedager.—. Was there ’politics’ in the eleventh and twelfth centuries:

some reflections on a recent book. Dies medievalis.Moilanen, Inka. Retoriikka ja historian tulkinta. Historian

teoria ja filosofia.—. The Problem of Authority? Ælfric of Eynsham, Lay

Aristocracy, and the Ideals of Society. Seeing, Hearing,

Reading and Believing: Authorities in the Middle Ages.—. Transmission, Adaptation, and Regulation: the Order of

Society in the works of Ælfric of Eynsham and Wulfstan of York. Translating Political Thought in the Middle Ages.

Mortensen, Lars Boje. Latin og morsmålet i Nord-Europa ca 600-1250. Encounters of Oral and Literary Cultures in Baltic Sea Region CA. 1200 – 1700.

—. Narrative fallacies and substances in the writing of history and literary history. Interfaces 2.

—. The Authority of Previous Civilizations in Ancient and High Medieval Historiography. Auctor et auctoritas in Latinis Medii Aevi litteris.

—. The authority of previous civilizations in ancient and medieval Latin historiography. Eastern/Western - Ancient/Medieval/Modern: New Approaches to Hostoriography.

— and Johanna Akujärvi. Oldtidens og middelalderens litteratur – i skandinaviske oversættelser. Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab.

Mulligan, Amy. ”Egill Skallagrímsson as Gorilla/Guerilla Hero: Strategies of Mastery and Deformation in Medieval Iceland”. Fordham University New Directions in Medieval Studies Conference - 30th Annual Conference of the Center for Medieval Studies.

—. ”Elis Gruffydd: Repatriating a British Past to Reformation Wales”. Academic Presentation.

Nordeide, Sæbjørg Walaker. Christian graves, Christian cemeteries or Christian churchyards? Searching for the earliest Christian graves in Norway. The birth of Christian life in the Nordic region.

—. Kristningen av Trøndelag - ikke uten motstand?. Människor i vikingatidens Mittnorden.

—. Papal Delegations to the Edge of the World. International Medieval Congress.

—. Stone Crosses in Northwestern Europe. Material Markers of Christian Identity in Northern Europe (c.820-c.1200).

—. The Christianisation of Norway, AD560-1150/1200: an archaeological perspective. University of Cambridge, Medieval Archaeology Group.

—. The Topography of Medieval Bergen. CMS Research School Seminar: Past, Present and Future.

Ommundsen, Åslaug. Bitar frå ein bokkultur. Forskningens festaften.

—. Ei heilag jomfru til bispesetet: Sankta Sunniva og Bergen i mellomalderen. Fortellinger fra festningen.

—. Latin Poetry in Runes in Medieval Norway. Book Culture from Below - The 18th Annual SHARP Conference.

—. Lost - and Found - Cistercian Manuscripts in Norway. International Medieval Congress.

—. Status of fragment research, Norway and Denmark. Digital and tangible. Medieval Book Culture and Modern Manuscript Studies.

—. The Nordic medieval bookstore: The mobility of scribes and Latin manuscripts within the Nordic countries 1100–

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1300. Textual Communities on and of the Nordic Middle Ages.

Rankovic, Slavica. Managing ”the Boss”: Performance Negotiations, Noise and Meta-Performance in the ”Conversation with Salih Ugljanin”. Conference.

—. Traditional Formulas as Vehicles of Change? The Case of Laxdæla Saga. Seminar.

Sunde, Jørn Øyrehagen. Aga and the Aristocracy in Hardanger and Sunnhordland in the Middle Ages. Aristocracy in Europe in the Middle Ages.

—. Norwegian legal legacy in Shetland law 1602-1612. Third workshop in the Encounter of Legal Cultures in the Nordic Realms 1100-1400: Criminal law.

—. On the Importance of Legal Historical Perspectives. Crime and Punishment in Time and Space.

—. The Boundaries of the Criminal Law - Cultural Contigency in the Criminal Law. Crime and Punishment in Time and Space.

—. The Gulathing Law. Project Meeting, Medieval Nordic Laws.

—. The Norwegian Bureautic Aristocracy and Their Manor Houses in the 13th and 14th Century. Law and Archaeology in the Early and High Middle Ages, AD 400-1200.

—. To Pick and Choose - Norwegian Ideology of Legal Reception. German-Norwegian research seminar on civil procedural law.

—. Tradition, reception and innocation concerning fixed time periods as a creterion for the acqusition and loss of rights according to Norwegian law ca. 1200 till 1274. Second workshop in encounter for legal cultures in the Nordic realms 1100-1400: Property law.

—. When elephants fight, might the mouse prevail? The making of Shetland law 1602-1612. Thirthieth Annual Conferance of the Scottish Legal History Group.

—. Å byggja slott og land - Lovgjeving i Noreg frå 1260 til 1281. Fortellinger fra festningen.

Tjällén, Biörn Gunnar. Political thought and poltical action in late medieval Sweden. Forschungskolloquium Frühe Neuzeit.

—. Property rights and political authority: John Duns Scotus in Sweden. Medieval Scottish Studies Seminar Series.

—. The right of the first occupant: Origins of lordship in late medieval national histories. Translating Political Thought in the later Middle Ages.

—. Äganderättsdiskurser och politisk auktoritet under senmedeltiden. Stockholm University Reserarch Seminar for Representation and State Formation.

Wellendorf, Jonas. Middelalderlige perspektiver på norrøn mytologi. Chaos-symposiet.

—. News from the realms beyond. From Greenland to Hell: Worldly, Mythological and Visionary Travels in Old Norse Literature.

—. Pasts and Futures of the History of Old Norse Literature. Interfaces II.

—. Retorisk figurlære på norrønt. Internal seminar.—. That which is most useful to know: A utilitarian

perspective on the rise of Old Norse vernacular literature. Textual Communities on and of the Nordic Middle Ages.

Zilmer, Kristel. On the Function and Role of Crosses on Scandinavian Rune Stones and Grave Stones (10th-12th centuries). Material Markers of Christian Identity in Northern Europe (c. 820-c. 1200).

—. Runes and Christianity: Practices in the Viking Age and the Middle Ages. Runes in Context. The 7th International Symposium on Runes and Runic Inscriptions.

Other scholarly contributionsErsland, Geir Atle. A Bergen walk. Conference.—. Bergen medieval history. CMS - Summer School. Heide, Eldar. My Present Work with Retrospective Methods.

RMN Newsletter 1. Pp. 40-41.—. Namna Grøta(vær) og Gryta / Grytøya. Haaløygminne :

Håløygminne Pp. 222-224.—. Vikingskipstypar. Bjørgvin marknad.—. Vikingskipstypar. Forbundet Kystens råseglseminar.—. Why a Network for Retrospective Methods?. RMN

Newsletter 1. Pp. 6-7.—. Working on the Semantic Side of Etymology: The Culture-

Etymological Approach. RMN Newsletter 1. Pp. 39-40.Wellendorf, Jonas. Kong Sverres yndlingslitteratur: Om

fornaldarsagaerne. Bjørgvin Marknad.

In mediaErsland, Geir Atle and Arne Solli. Fra Scholeus til Google.

Bergens Tidende.Hamre, Stian. Nye svar fra slagmarken. Haugesunds avis.—. Respektløse forskere. På Høyden (UiBs nettavis).—. Tabuene som ikke blir glemt. Bergensavisen.Heide, Eldar. Blot ved vinternettene. Bergens Tidende.—. Kven kan straffast?. Bergens Tidende.—. Njålssoga: 25% miljø, resten arv. Dag og Tid.—. Njålssoga: 25% miljø, resten arv. Bergens Tidende.—. Sydenturar. Bergens Tidende.Melve, Leidulf. Kampen om fortida. Bergens Tidende.Moilanen, Inka and Kjerstin Gjengedal. Det heilage

maktspråket. Forskerforum.Mortensen, Lars Boje. Et nationalt og religiøst symbol.

Kristelig DagbladNordeide, Sæbjørg Walaker. De spennende historiene

ligger der. Bergens Tidende.—. Steinkors i Nordvest-Europa. Museum [Radio].Ommundsen, Åslaug. Innslag med Schola Solensis i Norge

rundt. Norge rundt [TV].—. Middelaldermusikk i Klassisk avsporing. Studentradioen i

Bergen [Radio].—. Una voce – gregoriansk sang med lokalt tilsnitt.Sunde, Jørn Øyrehagen. Ekteskapslover gjennom tidene.

NDLA (Norsk Ditigal Læringsarena) [Internett].—. Hor har vore straffa gjennom alle tider. Bergens Tidende.—. ”Jeg har faret baade Øste og Vestenfields” - Om handel

på Vestlandet. Lokalhistorisk magasin 1. Pp. 16-19.—. Med lov skal landet bygges.... DagenMagazinet.Wellendorf, Jonas. Gaven. Bergens Tidende.—. Plantet bevis. Bergens Tidende.—. Stille natt. Bergens Tidende.

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CMS Governing BoardDyrkorn, Sonja: Observer Assistant Director, Faculty of

Humanities, University of BergenErsland, Geir Atle: Researcher, Centre for Medieval Studies,

University of Bergen.Gilhus, Anne Ingvild: (Chair of the board), Professor, Dept.

of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, Universty of Bergen

Helle , Lillian: Pro-Dean for research, Faculty of Humanities, University of Bergen

Hoffmann, Christhard: Chair, Dept. of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and Religion, University of Bergen

Mæland, Bård: Rector, School of Mission and Theology, Stavanger.

Wellendorf, Jonas: Postdoctoral fellow, Centre for Medieval Studies, University of Bergen

Director Sverre Bagge as the secretary of the governing Board

Scientific Advisory Board (SAB)Professor Robert Bartlett, University of St. AndrewsProfessor Karsten Friis Jensen, University of CopenhagenDr. Nora Berend, University of CambridgeProfessor Gerd Althoff, University of Münster

Nordic Centre of Excellence Programme: Nor-dic Centre for Medieval Studies (NCMS)Scientific Advisory Board (SAB)Professor Patrick J.Geary, Los AngelesProfessor Hans-Werner Goetz, HamburgProfessor Marianne Kalinke, Illinois

Nordic Centre for Medieval Studies (NCMS)/team leadersSverre Bagge, Director CMS/NCMS (state)Thomas Lindkvist, Gothenburg (state)Kurt Villads Jensen, Odense (religion)Torstein Jørgensen, CMS (religion)Lars Boje Mortensen, CMS/Odense (culture)Tuomas Lehtonen, Helsinki (culture)Leidulf Melve, NCMS - coordinatorKirsten Moen, administration

Partners and networksThe School of Mission and Theology (Misjonshøgskolen)

Stavanger is a formal partner of CMS.Department of Archaeology, History, Cultural Studies and

Religion, University of BergenDepartment of Linguistic, Literary and Aesthetic Studies,

University of Bergen

Other important cooperating institutions are:Finnish Literature Society & University of Helsinki

Gothenburg UniversityCentre for Medieval Studies, University of Southern Denmark

OdenseDepartment of Medieval Studies, Central European

University, BudapestCentre for Medieval Studies, Charles University & Academy of

Science, PragueNational Centre for Competence and Research, ZürichCenter for Theoretical Study, Charles University, PragueCMS is an active member of the following networks:Worldwide Universities Network: WUN Medieval StudiesCo-operative for the Advancement of Research through a

Medieval European Network (CARMEN)

Boards, committees and partnershttp://www.uib.no/cms/

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Senior members and researchersBagge, Sverre - ProfessorConti, Aidan - Associate professorErsland, Geir Atle - ResearcherGaripzanov, Ildar - ResearcherJørgensen, Torstein- ResearcherMelve, Leidulf - ProfessorMortensen, Lars Boje - ProfessorMundal, Else - ProfessorNordeide, Sæbjørg W.- ResearcherRankovic, Slavica - Researcher, from June 2010Sunde, Jørn Øyrehagen - Researcher

Postdoctoral fellowsEichhorn-Mulligan, AmyFoerster, ThomasForan, SusanHeide, EldarLandro, TorgeirOmmundsen, ÅslaugRankovic, SlavicaSønnesyn, SigbjørnTjällén, BjørnWellendorf, JonasZilmer, Kristel

Doctoral fellowsCrouwers, IrisHamre, StianHervik, FrodeHraundal, Thorir JonssonInntjore, HildeLeslie, HelenMoilanen, InkaNegoi, Lidia

AdministrationAkselvoll, ElisbethHernandez, Inni OfferdalMoen, KirstenMoklev, JorunOstendorf, Susanne

Guests researchers at CMSAuður MagnúsdóttirAurell, MartinBassi, RobertaClarke, PeterHaki AntonssonLindkvist, ThomasMüller, UlrichShepard, JonathanTolochko, OleksiyUrbanczyk, PrzemekVillads Jensen, Kurt

Who we are at CMSContact Informationhttp://www.uib.no/cms

CMSCENTRE FOR MEDIEVAL STUDIESUniversity of Bergen

P.O.Box 7805N-5020 Bergen

Norway

http://www.uib.no/cmshttp://www.uib.no/ncms