ANKLE JOINT

Bahillo,Carina Isabel Millares, William PaulBSPT-3

Anatomy Ankle joint consist of

3 bones: Tibia Fibula talus Type of joint: * Synovial Hinge joint Nerve Supply: * Deep peroneal and

tibial nerves

Anatomy Plafond - articular surface

of the tibia. Medial malleolus - boney process

extending distally off the medial tibia.

Lateral Malleolus - distal most aspect

of the fibula.

Anatomy Mortise - the bony arch

formed by the tibial plafond.

Cartilage - joint surface of all

the bones in the ankle.

Ligaments Lateral ligaments: * ANTERIOR TALOFIBULAR

LIGAMENT – passes from the tip of the lateral malleolus to the talus anteriorly

* CALCANEOFIBULAR LIGAMENT – passes from the lateral malleolus to the calcaneous with talocalcaneal ligament running at it’s base.

Ligament * POSTERIOR

TALOFIBULAR LIGAMENT – passes from the tip of the lateral malleolus to the talus posteriorly.

* POSTERIOR TALOCALCANEAL LIGAMENT – extends thing band to the calcaneus.

Ligament Medial Collateral

Ligaments: * TIBIONAVICULAR

LIGAMENT – It runs anteriorly from the medial malleolus to the edge of the calcaneus.

*CALCANEOTIBIAL LIGAMENT – It runs from the tip of the medial malleolus to the edge of the calcaneus.

Ligament

* ANTERIOR & POSTERIOR

TALOTIBIAL LIGAMENTS – They run anteriorly and posteriorly b/w the medial malleolus and talus.

Ligamentous injury

categories: * inversion sprain

* Eversion sprain* High ankle sprain

Ligamentous injury

Inversion sprain - most common

type of ankle sprain occurs when the foot is inverted, falling inward.

* The lateral ligaments are stretched too far.

Ligamentous injury

Eversion ankle sprain- the foot is twisted outwards- The inner ligament called the deltoid ligament, is stretched too far.

Ligamentous injury

High ankle sprain- The ligaments above the joint are also injured.- These ligaments called the syndemosis ligaments.

Ligamentous injury

Grade 1 ankle sprain- cause stretching of the ligament. The symptoms tend to be limited to pain and swelling.

Grade 2 ankle sprain- more severe partial tearing of the ligament. There is usually more significant swelling and bruising caused by bleeding under the skin.

Ligamentous injury

Grade 3 ankle spraincomplete tears of the ligaments. The ankle is usually quite painful and walking can be difficult.

Signs Inability to walk on

the ankle. Significant swelling Symptoms that do

not improve quickly or persist beyond a few days.

Pain in the foot or above the ankle.

Mode of treatment REST - take the weight of the injured joint as much as possible for

a day or two. ICE - an ice pack is ideal can be applied for 10 – 15 minutes in 3

– 4 times a day. Compression - a support bandage or strapping will help to reduce the

swelling. Elevation - resting of the body will allow swelling to drain away into the

bloodstream.