ang rita sherpa: community climate change adaptation everest region ppt(rfs)
DESCRIPTION
Slides to presentation for HiMAP in Huaraz, Peru on 14 July 2013.TRANSCRIPT
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Ang Rita Sherpa
&
Ang Chiri Sherpa
Solukhumbu, Nepal
JULY 2013
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Outline
BACKGROUND OF NEPAL INTRODUCTION OF NEPAL PROGRAM STRATEGIES IMPORTANCE OF MOUNTAINS MOUNTAIN CHALLENGES AND
THREATS: CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
OMMUNITY BASED CLIMATE CHANGE & CADAPTATION AND MITIGATION
WHY HIGH MOUNTAIN GLACIAL WATERSHED PROGRAM?
HMGWP PROGRAM ACTIVITIES CHALLENGES LESSONS LEARN RECOMMENDATION AWARENESS
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NEPAL
• In the heart of the Great Himalayan Region
• The 15th poorest country in the world
• Over 55% of the population live under the international poverty line of $1.25 a day
• Over 10 million of its population are at greater risk of natural disasters including floods, drought, disease outbreaks and forest fires
• Emerging from a 10 –year civil war with fragile peace process
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Program Strategies
Encourage local people in program design, planning and implementation
Local capacity building to strengthen participatory process
Education and awareness on environmental and cultural values
Respect traditional practices on climate change and adaptation
Community based bottom up planning approach
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IMPORTANCE OF MOUNTAINS : § Mountains occupy 24% of the
global and surface area
§ Home to 12% of the world’s population
§ Mountains have significant ecological, aesthetic, and socio-economic importance
§ The mountains are home to
indigenous people
§ But in recent times, the mountain ecosystems have been faced climate change
§ The increased temperature is higher in the mountains then in plains
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1. Freshwater
• More than half of humanity relies on the fresh water that accumulates in mountains
• Mountains are the earth’s unique freshwater reservoirs
• Mountains are often called nature’s water towers
• All major rivers in the world have their headwaters in mountains
Mountains are important for:
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Mountains are important for: contd……
The Himalayan Mountains are unique religions and cultures that thrive in the remote mountain communities that call the Himalayas home
2. CULTURE
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Traditional agriculture and livestock practices are an important livelihood option for mountain people
Mountains are important for: contd……
3. AGRICULTURE & LIVESTOCK
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4. BIODIVERSITY
The region is equally important for its rich biodiversity and is popular amongst biologists, botanists and ornithologists
Mountains are important for: contd:
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Mountains are important for: contd…
5. NON-TIMBER FOREST PRODUCT (NTFP)
The local people also heavily depend on edible plants from mountains
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6. TOURISM The successful accent of Mt. Everest in 1953 made Nepal a popular destination for trekking and mountaineering expeditions
Mountains are important for: contd…
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1960 1975 1990 2012
60 4257
10310
36212
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Num
ber in
thou
sand
s
YEARS
Number of Tourists entering SNP
Number of tourists
Year
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• MOST REMOTE AND DISADVANTAGED IN THE WORLD
• POOR COMMUNICATION • LACK OF ACCESS • CLIMATE CHANGE
• TOURISM • DEFORESTATION • POLLUTION
MOUNTAIN CHALLENGES and THREATS:
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ENVIRONMENTAL THREATS:
Mountains challenges: contd……
• WASTE GENERATIONS • OVER EXPLOTATION OF FOREST RESOURCES • INCREASED LODGES COSUMES MORE
TIMBERS • CULTURAL CHANGE • CROWDING AND CONGESTIONS
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On the positive side Increased access to: • Education, • Health care • Electricity (in some
villages),
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IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE 1. MELTING OF GLACIERS
• Many small glaciers in Khumbu have already disappeared • New lakes are forming (IMJA) • Risk of GLOFs (Three such floods have occurred in the Khumbu within
living memory).
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IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE
Fire Hazard
GLOF
Changing agriculture
Vegetation shift
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IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE CONTD……
LANDSLIDE
WINDSTORM
FLOOD
DROUGHT
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Local institution formed with the aim of restoring fragile alpine ecosystems and climate change adaptation and mitigation
CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION & MITIGATION BY LOCAL INSTUTIONS
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Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Contd……
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Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Contd……
PROTECTING NATURAL RESOURCES
• Established alpine nursery • Established kerosene depot • Research on alpine vegetation
restorations • Introduced alternative energy
such as solar and wind energy
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Local people have taken their own initiative in agriculture and energy
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Contd……
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Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Contd……
In order to diversify livelihoods, KACC helped local to processes seabuckthorn juice to sell to locals and tourists.
SUPPORTING LIVELIHOODS
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• RESTORED AND MANAGED PORTER REST HOUSE
• ESTABLISHED WATER SUPPLY SCHEME
• IMPROVED BRIDGE ACCESS
IMPROVED INFRASTRUCTURES:
9/20/13
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Contd……
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ECOLOGICAL RESILENCE
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Contd……
• Banned juniper harvesting as fuel wood use • Banned juniper incense use by expeditions • Reforestation • Raise awareness at local level
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KACC facilitated the Government of Nepal hold a historic cabinet meeting in Kalapathar 5,542m on Climate Change
Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Contd……
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HIGH MOUNTAIN GLACIAL WATERSHED PROGRAM (HMGWP)
• Strengthen scientific, social, and institutional capacity for managing dangerous glacial lakes in mountains
• Implement community-based, participatory glacial lake risk reduction project in Nepal
• Foster next generation of climber-scientists • Raise global awareness for importance of high mountain glacial
watersheds • Establish High Mountain Glacial Watershed Community of
Practice
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1 Community Consultation and Adaptation Planning course by Dr. Glen Anderson and Meghan Hartman in July 2012
2 Community based Climate Change and Adaptation workshops in Khumbu September 2012 (Jonathan Cook and Meghan Hartman)
3 Sharing September workshop findings with different
4 Stakeholders in February 2012
5 District Level Coordination Meeting in Solu Salleri March 2013
6 Reconnect of CC in Khumbu in April 2013.. Dr. A Byers, CC workshop in Thame, Gokyo, Phortse and Pangboche
HMGWP PROGRAM ACTIVITIES:
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HMGWP PROGRAM ACTIVITIES CONTD…..
• Community based Climate Change adaptation workshops
• Sharing findings of CC workshops and collect feed back from stakeholders
• District Level Coordination meeting on Climate Change HMGWP
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HMGWP PROGRAM ACTIVITIES CONTD…
Produced and displayed information on Climate Change in Dingboche
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Conducted community-based participatory sharing at the Imja lake
HMGWP PROGRAM ACTIVITIES CONTD…
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CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITY Challenges
• Lack of awareness on climate change • Lack of financial and technical resources • Highly fragile mountain ecosystems • Harsh climatic conditions • Limited access of governmental organizations • Lack of road access • Lack of communication • Weak institutional framework (nodal agency)
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Recommendations
• Need to study on climate change impact and their vulnerability • Consider to explore other glaciers and new lakes formation besides
Imja lake • Hydropower project be established along with the lake reduction
project • Continue raise awareness on climate change • Need to develop climate change adaptation plan with maximum
local people’s input • Need financial as well as technical resources to address the
climate change issues of the area • Develop joint concern of government, NGOs, INGOs, and
International community (donors, countries, for addressing the climate change issues
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Education and awareness is necessary as means of building community preparedness towards climate vulnerabilities
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THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUPPORT!