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The Android-Mridu Agarwal,20/01/2014

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Contents

Abstract …….................................................................................................................................................. 31 Introduction ………………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………………………. 5 1.1 Quick Start …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6 1.2 History ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………… 7

1.3 Why android?………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9

1.4 Android and Society ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 11

1.5 Objectives of this research … ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 1.6 Scope ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 12 1.7 Limitation ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 12 1.8 Methodology ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 122 Marketing Strategy …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 13 2.1 Market share ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 14 2.2 Popularity ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

15 2.3 Use and preference …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 203 The Next Generation ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 23 3.1 Android on other devices ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 24 3.2 Future of Android ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Glossary ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….Bibliography …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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Image source: http://pcwallpaperhd.com/3d-cool-wallpaper-hd-android-wallpaper-hd.html

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AcknowledgementI would like to express my special appreciation and thanks to Chitra ma’am , you have been a

tremendous mentor for me. I would like to thank you for guiding me throughout and giving me detailed feedbacks which helped me make this research better. Your advice has been priceless. I would also like to thank all of my friends who supported me in writing, critiues me, suggested me and motivated me throughout the project.

I would like to thank my Dad for his constant support and love, he helped me throughout the research and help me mould it into this.

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AbstractAndroid being one of the popular operating system for smart phones ad the most debated topic

made it intriguing for me as what it is all about , what is the buzz about this particular topic, hence the research.

Talking about it’s history, to it’s future, it’s functions, how it’s affecting the society. In 10 years android has gained a lot of success, beating other operating systems and taking over the market. There are various other devices available in the market with android as it’s operating system, yes not only smart phones but devices like camera, refrigerators, washing machines, etc., . It’s all about the journey of android, success and it’s failures, what has actually attracted people.

Discovering Android

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1 Introduction

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1.1 Quick Start

Dictionary meaning of android is known as the ‘Robot’ but in today’s parlance it is a Linux based operating system, designed primarily for smart-phones (majority of touch-screen phones) and tablet computers. It is one of the most widely used and preferred operating system (OS).

In California, 2003, android was developed by Andy Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears and Chris White. It was later acquired by Google in 2005. First release of an android Smartphone was in 2008.Android is mainly used by L.G. (Nexus), Samsung, HTC and Sony. It’s been facing stiff competition from iOS (Apple Inc.) and RIMs (Blackberry). From it’s initial release it first acquired the Symbian market in the fourth quarter of 2010. Symbian was the most commonly used operating system on mobile phones, all the leading mobile companies had Symbian as their OS. Android is an open source platform to develop applications and sell them in the android market. It is the most popular platform for the mobile application developers providing them with great opportunities and business, there are over 2 million applications with over 3billon downloads. [1]Core services such as security, memory management, processing, hard drive model is done by Linux* for android.

What is Android?

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1.2 History

Early intentions for developing android were to develop advanced operating systems for cameras, then the creators of android realised that the market for the product wasn’t large enough, so they switched for smart phones operating system to rival Symbian, Windows mobile phones and RIMs. (iOS* was not released until 2007).

From, the beginning, Android Incorporation operated secretly, they only exposed that the team was working on mobile software’s. On that same year, Andy Rubin had some sort of financial problems and Steve Perlman gave him $10,000 cash in an envelope and refused a stake in Android Incorporation.[3]

Let’s go back in timeSource: http://cdnimg.visualizeus.com/thumbs/87/e3/android,backpack87e349b306e60531b11a27228d59cb5e_h.jpg

17th August,2005- Google acquired Android, Powered by Linux5, November 2007- The Open Handset Alliance, a consortium of technology companies including Google, device manufacturers such as HTC, Sony and Samsung, wireless carriers such as Sprint Nextel and T-Mobile, and chipset makers such as Qualcomm and Texas Instruments, unveiled itself, with a goal to develop open standards for mobile devices. That day, Android was unveiled as its first product, a mobile device platform built on the Linux kernel version 2.6.[4]

Google LogoSource : http://4.bp.blogspot.com/--bUKEfw7DP8/UWhv9H-kJzI/AAAAAAAAAFI/rFLUqcRYCzk/s1600/google-

android-chrome1.png

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12, November 2007- Release of android version beta SDK. SDK is software development kit which gives you the platform to develop application, games and other software's, with proper knowledge of HTML coding you can easily make applications of your choice.

Software Development KitSource: http://img.talkandroid.com/uploads/2012/03/android_resources.png

12, September 2008- First android device is launched , HTC Dream G1, which operated on android 1.0, after that the android update was released only for T1 and G1 mobile phones.Since April 2009, Android versions have been developed under a codename and released according to alphabetical order.

Android sweet version.Source: http://cms.mobile88.com/news/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/kitkat.jpg

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On 3 September 2013 Google announced that 1 billion activated devices now use the Android OS worldwide. The most recent major Android update was Jelly Bean 4.3, which was released on commercial devices on 24 July 2013 via an OTA(Over the air programming) update. Android is vast and complex, yet it has intrigued people to an extent where people wonder, Why Android? What is so great about it?

Launch of Jelly BeanSource: http://r.phonedog.com/shared/images/2012/6/173107-

android41jellybean.jpg

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1.3 Why Android?

We all have encountered technology from somewhere or the other, we practically live in a technologically infested world that surviving without it seems impossible. Offices, and other business oriented places cannot run without their computers and laptops, thus, they invest heavily in their IT department. College and school assignments are now mailed to the students, making a very efficient use of technology.

Most of us cannot imagine life without a Smartphone. Some say that they would literally ‘die’ without it. Technology has hit the world, where it is more like a need than a want.

World is contracting, people now use mobile phones not just for making calls and sending SMS to each other but also perform various other activities such as for clicking picture, making videos, surfing on the net, reading news on apps, play games, watch videos etc. We don’t need a laptop or a desktop for this anymore, such technology has made us dependent on it.

Android, provides us with all of the above and is also a very renowned user friendly OS. The usage and the effect that it has caused in just 5 years makes it all exciting to how and what worked out and how the android team did it.

Confused AndroidSource: http://blog.radvision.com/images/2010/20100125-VoipSurvivor-why-android.jpg

We ruleSource:

http://www.geekandblogger.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/07/Why-Android-Is-Still-The-Best.jpg

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There are already many mobile platforms on the market today, including Symbian, iOS, Windows Mobile, RIM, Linux Mobile (LiMo), and more. Where’s the “wow”?

Although some of its features have appeared before, Android is the first environment that combines the following:

• A truly open, free development platform based on Linux and open source.• A component-based architecture inspired by Internet, makes the user interface very easy to

understand because people are already familiar with the internet.• Tons of built-in services, such as GPS, Maps, Google Voice etc. .• High-quality graphics and sound.• Portability across a wide range of current and future hardware: All your programs are written

in Java and executed by Android’s Dalvik virtual machine.There are many other features that android has undertaken and has given it’s users new

applications to interact with.

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Android and Society

From the beginning of the day to the end, android comes to a great use as it provides everyone with so many great applications which helps them in their day to day lifestyle. Mobile phones have applications like- Alarm, music player, camera, e-mail, access to social networking in just one touch away, radio, web surfing, watching videos online, chat applications etc., thus affecting us on a very large scale.

Not just applications and the friendly user interface that android has, It also offers other platform to it’s users such as to develop applications with the help of SDK. Knowledge about HTML helps in developing application. Applications can then be sold in the Google Play, leading for various business opportunities.

Google Play is android market, here one can download applications, paid/free, also sell developed application.

Android is available in market from INR 4,000 to 40,000, making it available to everyone, making it accessible to everyone and not limiting to the high-end users.

Android team is working on how can they be better and provide it’s users a better interface and get new capabilities and possibilities for their users.

Lovable androidSource: http://img.gawkerassets.com/img/18mjr4c8xsvj4jpg/ku-

medium.jpg

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1.5 Objectives of this research• Study factors responsible in making android popular in 5 years, market share and rate of

adoption for android.• Comparison with other Smartphone operating systems, to know it’s advantages over the

other commonly used OS such as iOS, Windows, RIM, Symbian, Linux.• Usage of android on devices other than smart phones.

1.6 ScopeAndroid is vast and complex, this research is targeting the youth. Therefore the focus will revolve

around: • What made the youth interested in android?• To understand the marketing strategy and what makes or breaks the reputation of a

product.• This research focuses mainly in India.

1.7 Limitation• Study for the topic Android is vast and complicated.• It is not possible to go into very detail due to limited time period.• There is a lot of competition in the market which leads to biased opinion about android,

which will lead to inaccuracy knowing if android is actually worth it.• It will be difficult to talk to the experts who are involved in the success of android.

1.8 MethodologyMy primary research would be-• Observing how many people use android.• Talking to them on what they like about it and what made them buy android based

Smartphone.• Speak to the local shop owners of smart phones, know about the sales and thinking of

people when they look for a new phone.

My secondary research would be- • It will include research from internet.• Newspaper articles and magazine reviews• Readings from different researches done on this topic.• Finally my ideas and insights.

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2 Marketing Strategy

One of the best promotional tool for any product is word of mouth. After conducting a survey and talking to people, it led to a conclusion that

Android is one of the most popular OS* amongst people beating iOS and RIM* , not only popular it is also one of he most preferred, over any other

existing OS.

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2.1 Market Share

A survey was conducted, which included talking to people and online survey form which concluded that 95% of the world population is completely aware of what android is. It is interesting to know that people got to know about android not through advertisements but from people and it’s popularity.

2010 was a very crucial year for Android, It surpassed the market share of iPhone in U.S. However, Blackberry was on top overall.

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2.2 Popularity

Going back in time and after speaking to different people led to these conclusions, which helped in knowing why android gained popularity. – [2]

• The true rise began in 2009, with the launch of Motorola Droid, which had the new version of android 2.0. It was also a Verizon exclusive, which led to a great success as Verizon didn’t offer iOS at that time. Verizon is an American broadband and telecommunication company and corporate component of Dow Jones Industrial Average.

• Motorola marketed their phone by differentiating itself from iPhones by the two major advantages that were physical keyboard and removable battery.Motorola Droid, 2009

Motorola Vs iPhonne,2009Source: http://the-gadgeteer.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/02/motorola-droid4-

12.jpg

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• In January 2010, Google launched it’s first ever smartphone, Nexus One, their way to shake the entire smartphone market. They sold the unlocked phone for $529. T-Mobile customers could get it for $129 on contract. It was not a huge success and was withdrawn in July2010.

• Yet, in 2010 launch of Samsung Galaxy S series got a lot of appreciation and sold about 100 million galaxy phones [4]. The variants of galaxy series made Samsung one of the most popular brands for android devices.

Google Nexus One, 2010Source: http://forum.xda-developers.com/deviceForum/screenshots/556/20120617T091824.jpg

Samsung Galaxy S, 2010

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• HTC on the other hand launched EVO 4G, in June 2010, which was considered to be the best alternative against iPhone.[5]

• Later, Nexus developed a new phone built with Samsung, The Nexus S, similar to Samsung Galaxy S (different design) , with the launch of new version Gingerbread, which quickly became the most popular, and is still preferred and used in some phones.

HTC EVO 4G vs. iPhoneSource: http://www.engadget.com/2010/06/25/iphone-4-or-evo-4g-which-one-should-you-get/

Nexus SSource:

http://www.blogcdn.com/www.engadget.com/media/2011/02/nexus-s-vodafone-02-07-2011.jpg

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• In the fall of 2011 , android took over Blackberry’s market, and since then the market has been declining.

• In November,2011 the launch of the version Ice cream sandwich, changed everything. The look and the new features intrigued people. It was also designed to work on Tablets hence making it more popular.

• 2012 saw the true rise of android phones, the launch of S III, it became the top selling phone leaving behind the iPhone and making Samsung the top android phone maker on the planet.

Market share

Samsung Tab, Ice-cream SandwichSource : http://www.unwiredview.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Samsung-Android-Ice-

Cream-Sandwich-tablet-116-MWC-2012.jpg

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• 2012 summer, yet another launch of Android version, Jelly bean, it included Google Now, voice assistant which was more robust and powerful than Siri on the iPhone.

2013, Android now holds 80% of the market!

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Android did things differently, different approach to what any other OS did, because it was a product from Google it included great services like Gmail, YouTube, Google now, Google Maps, which made it easier for brand to take it and develop phones. Because of different manufacturers, they have been able to flood the market with different devices, also looking at the low end, which led to a great popularity. It is similar to how windows was able to take over Apple OS because windows was easily accessible to any manufacturer.

Launch of so many mobile phones in the course of 5 years led to a lot of things, people got intrigued and influenced with the power of technology that was coming also the ease and the way of how easily can things be connected, which made our life simpler. After launch of every new software update people look forward to what is new and what else can one do with what they have.

According to me, Samsung has contributed the most in the success of Android. When asked about any android phone, one instantly relates to Samsung phones or Samsung is the phone that crosses our minds, though now Sony and HTC are catching up and giving Samsung a run for it’s money.

2.3 Use and PreferenceAccording to the survey conducted for the research, 73% of the people are using android based

smartphone, and 72% of them prefer it over any other smartphone.

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When asked on what do you like in android? People answered- - Different applications, games etc.- Friendly user interface, “ease of use even for a naïve” quoted by one of it’s user.- Cost effectiveness- It’s an open source.- The logo has also intrigued some people.

How people remarked about android- • - “Android being a easy to handle operating system and wide range of options available for

us.”• - “For better user interface than android. It is much more appealing to the eye. All the

apps have a nice round glossy finish to them.”• - “It is very user friendly, easy on pocket, and wide variety of options to chose from

and a lot of people are very satisfied with it.”

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Advantages of having an Android : • - User Interface – Loaded with different set of colors and schemes, one can easily change

the settings of the menu and make it easier for users to customize their screen as they want. It’s also easier for them to navigate and control different features because of the type user interface, one can touch and pinch to zoom in and out.

• - Application Support – Android is famous for it’s number of application available. Most of them are free to the users which makes it more cost effective and efficient for them.

• - Performance- supports quad dual processor, which helps in high performance.• - Device Support – Android is an open source , which is why any manufacturer can

integrate it in their device, hence providing us with a lot of variety.

Application SupportSource:

http://www.efytimes.com/admin/useradmin/photo/6iVN75645AM8232013.jpg

User Interface

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3 The Next Generation

Android has not limited itself to just smartphones, but they come in other devices as well, android lover? You got to check these devices as well!

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3.1 Android on other devices

As mentioned android was first designed for cameras, but because the market wasn’t large enough they started to develop smartphones. Android is expanding in the most mind bobbling way, and the market has been expanding in all sort of high tech stuff , from mundane to hi-tech robots to weird technological gadgets.

Some of the devices include- • #1 Android TV – Google’s concept of bring android in our living room with series of

manufacturing devices, one being TV. With the help of TiVo, Google tries to infuse it’s Google-internet with the standard television, this will help us to search for TV channels , shows and movies, also watch photos, and videos online with the help of Google empowered search.

Like the smartphones, TV will also have an open application market , where one could download applications and use them according to one’s needs. It also helps to personalize you experience and the product’s possibilities.

Smart Android playerSource:

http://icedapp.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/All-in-One-Android-TV-Internet-Box-With-WiFi-

Bluetooth-and-HDMI.jpg

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• #2 Android Tablet – A tablet is similar is a mobile computer with display, circuitry and battery in single unit. Tablets has everything that a mobile phone has. The market has been flooded with tablets from 2010, and is one of the most famous devices after android’s smartphones.

• #3 Android Home Phone system- Numerous manufacturers are hoping to strike a chord with Android-powered phone systems for at-home use. These devices are no old-school gadgets. They will connect to standard landlines, most of the models will feature a slew of high-tech functions, including full Internet access and support for Android Market applications.

TabletsSource: http://i.i.cbsi.com/cnwk.1d/i/tim//2010/09/01/GALAXY_Tab_(P1000)_Product_image_(3)_1.jpg

Home Phone SystemSource: http://m5.paperblog.com/i/60/606806/panasonic-launches-kx-prx120-

home-phone-power-L-Q5JGdT.jpeg

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• #4 Android Home command centre- Taking the home phone system a step further, some companies are working on all-out home control gadgets. The gadgets range from souped-up multimedia remotes -- complete with in-device Internet access, of course -- to fully powered home command centers. It will let you do everything from flipping on and off lights to locking doors and even adjusting the A/C.

• #5 Android appliances- Android powered washer/dryer and a microwave. They are in the market with full access to internet and an open source to applications.

Android and it’s various usesSource: http://www.aceorbit.com/content/wp-content/uploads/2013/02/Android-Home-

Appliances.jpg

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3.2 Future of android

From 2008 to 2014, android has come a long way and there is no stopping to it, google is going to keep innovating and developing. Making android available to other devices somehow is making people habitual to android, making life impossible without android. For instance people who own an android phone, if given any other phone with a different OS, they won’t be able to survive. Reason being the dependence to the technology and the ease where everything is just one touch away.

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Conclusion

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Glossary

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Bibliography

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