andrew britecell plus user manual

User Manual

MN024-08

PLUS

1MN024-08

© Copyright Andrew Wireless Systems Srl

This publication is issued to provide outline information and is not aimed to be part of any offer and contract. The Company has a policy of continuous product development and improvement and we therefore reserve the right to vary information quoted without prior notice. System and Customer care is available world-wide through our network of Experts. The company is certified ISO 9001 and ISO14000.

Andrew Wireless Systems Srl Via Pier De Crescenzi 40 48018 Faenza, Italy Tel: +39 0546 697111 Fax: +39 0546 682768 www.andrew.com

INDEX

0. Index 2

1. Introducing Britecell Plus 4 1.1 The Features 5 1.2 Brief Description of Britecell Plus 5 1.3 Britecell Plus features 6 1.4 Britecell Plus typical applications 7 2. Equipment Overview 9 2.1 The Britecell Plus Remote Unit and its relevant accessories 10 2.2 the Britecell Plus Master Unit 12 2.2.1 The Fast Master Unit 12 2.2.2 The Rack-based Master Unit 12 2.3 Block diagrams 16

3. TFAx Remote Unit 22 3.1 Introduction 23 3.2 Case A remote unit 25 3.3 Case B remote unit 45 3.4 Case L remote unit 63 3.5 Case F remote unit 79 3.6 Wi-Fi Booster TFBW 90 4. Fast Master Unit 100 5. Rack based master unit 113 5.1 19” Subrack TPRNx4 114 5.2 Master Optical TRX, TFLN 126 5.3 Two-way splitter/combiner TLCN2 138 5.4 Four-way splitter/combiner TLCN4 142 5.5 RF dual band coupler TLDN 146 5.6 RF tri-band coupler TLTN 150 5.7 RF Duplexer TDPX 154 5.8 Base Station Interface TBSI 158 5.9 Power Limiter TMPx-10 162 5.10 Wi-Fi Local Interface 168 5.11 The interconnect link (i-link) 172 5.11.1 Introduction 173 5.11.2 TILx-HL Interconnect link 177 5.11.3 TILx-HLW Interconnect link 195 5.12 Remote Supply Unit TRS/TRSN 216 6. Warning and Safety Requirements 222 6.1 Environmental conditions 223 6.2 Installation site Features 223 6.3 Safety and Precautions during Installation or maintenance 224 6.4 Power Supply Connection 225

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6.5 Safety and Precautions for Lasers 226 6.6 Health and Safety Warnings 226 6.7 Electromagnetic Fields and RF Power 227 6.7 Warning Labels 230 7. Technical support 231 7.1 Returning Equipment 231 Appendix A: System Commissioning 233 Appendix B: EU Guidelines for WEEE disposal 237

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4 User Manual

1. Introducing Britecell Plus

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1.1 The Features

Britecell Plus is an innovative platform designed in order to provide an effective and flexible coverage to a large variety of indoor scenarios.

Thanks to its high modularity, its low power consumption, and its full-transparency to protocols and modulation formats, Britecell Plus is the perfect plug&play solution to distribute any wireless standard (including GSM, GPRS, EDGE, CDMA, WCDMA, and WLAN IEEE 802.11b) to the in-building environments requiring reliable and interference-free communications, as well as high traffic capacity and maximum flexibility about future expansions.

These unique features make the Britecell Plus platform suitable also for applications to critical areas experiencing difficulties in establishing and keeping phone calls, while its compact design always guarantees a minimum aesthetic impact.

1.2 Brief Description of Britecell Plus

Britecell Plus is a Distributed Antenna System (DAS) based on the Radio-over-Fibre (RoF) technology, and capable of carrying wireless mobile signals through the 800MHz - 2500MHz frequency range regardless of their protocol and their modulation format.

The system has two basic components, a Master Unit and a Remote Unit. The Master Unit is made of one or more subracks typically connected to the BTS (Base Tranceiver Station) through either a repeater (RF interface) or a coaxial cable.

Each Remote Unit is connected with a dedicated pair of single-mode optical fibres (one for UL and one for DL) to the Master Unit. These optical fibres work on 1310 nm wavelenght and provide low losses and almost unlimited bandwidth, available for future system developments.

Britecell Plus is a modular system whose basic components are:

• one Master Unit made of one or more subracks, each providing 12 module slots. Each slot can host either an active or a RF passive device (chosen among the wide range of Britecell Plus options), in order to meet the planned design requirements;

• a variable number of Remote Units (TFAx), whose function is feeding the antenna passive network;

• a proper number of indoor antennas, suitable to provide radio coverage to the area. Britecell Plus is fully compatible with any type of indoor antennas;

• the optical cables required to connect the 19” subracks to the TFAx.

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Fig. 1.1: Britecell Plus system block diagram.

1.3 Britecell Plus Features The following lines report a brief summary of Britecell Plus main features:

• multiband 2G, 2.5G and 3G – 802.11b WLAN compatible: Britecell Plus is completely transparent to any transmission protocol and modulation format, and it can distribute any 2G, 2.5G, 3G wireless standard. In addition, it allows to carry also the WLAN (802.11b/g) service over the same infrastructure;

• modular configuration for flexible design: by properly setting some parameters like the amount of RUs and the antenna locations, the Britecell Plus architecture can follow the environment specific features in order to obtain the most effective radio-coverage of the indoor area. The modularity of the system allows easy modifications for future growth and increasing traffic;

• easy to install: the intelligent plug & play Britecell Plus system includes an Automatic Gain Control (AGC), that eliminates system gain variations regardless of optical loss. This avoids the need for field adjustments, thus reducing design, installation and optimization time.

• low-power consumption: establishing a “quasi line-of-sight propagation” towards all mobile phones inside the area, Britecell Plus works with low power levels. Low power levels have two great advantages: 1) allow mobile phones to work at lower power levels, thus limiting the radiated emissions and increasing their battery life; 2) allow a better control of interference effects between adiacent cells.

• central supervision functions: all individual alarms of Britecell Plus system are stored in an internal flash memory, and available to both local and remote connections. Detailed alarm information is provided by special software (i.e. by Supervision or Maintenance software tools) running on a locally connected host, as well as any information about alarm status and alarm history is available to remote connections via TCP/IP protocols, SNMP agent, or HTTP servers. This alarm information is visible also by means of LEDs present on the front panels of both the MU and the RUs;

• multiple-carriers system: there are no restrictions on the number of carriers that the Britecell Plus can convey. Obviously, the more carriers per service, the less power per carrier;

BTS

TFLN

1

12

REMOTE

UNIT

1

4

RF interface

Two F.O. per RU

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• remote power supply: in case mains cannot be used for the Remote Units, Britecell Plus offers a centralised power supply option, which distributes both a DC low-voltage (-48V) power and the optical signals through a composite fibre optic/copper cable;

• wide variety of RF passive devices: the connections between the DAS and the local BTSs can be arranged so as to get the best fit for customers needs. Britecell Plus equipment provides RF splitters/combiners, cross band couplers, attenuators, duplexers for UL/DL paths, thus allowing the maximum design flexibility;

• high reliability: high MTBF (Mean Time Between Failure).

1.4 Britecell Plus typical Applications

Thanks to its unique features Britecell Plus is the ideal solution to set up radio coverage in may situations:

• Multi operator shared infrastructure: each mobile operator has its own carriers, which must be transported without affecting the others. Britecell Plus is capable of transmitting multiple carriers simultaneously, while providing an independent level adjustment for each of them, ensuring maximum performance and reducing infrastructure costs

• High rise buildings: RF signals from surrounding macrocells or external BTSs are usually quite strong inside high rise buildings, and cause so much interference that indoor mobile communications often become impossible. By strategically placing antennas along the exterior walls of the building, the signal to noise ratio can be optimised. This interference control solves many problems, such as the “ping pong” effect that sometimes is experienced when a mobile frequently changes from an indoor to an outdoor coverage.

• Exhibition, conventions, and shopping centres: the critical point of these environments is due to the high traffic loads, which are furthermore highly variable. Thus, the main goal to achieve is setting up a radio coverage which could effectively manage these variable traffic loads, with neither undervalued nor overvalued infrastructure expenses. A unique feature of Britecell Plus is that RF frequencies can be allocated quickly when and where they are needed, thus reducing the implementation cost. This makes Britecell Plus the proper solution also for temporary or last minute requests (such as conferences).

• Airports: they require modular and flexible radio coverage, in order to meet present needs while foreseeing future expansions. Britecell Plus can manage high traffic loads providing high quality with minimum environmental impact, while its modularity allows future extensibility.

• Corporate Building: inside a corporate building, difficult mobile communications may limit business transactions. These environments are often complex and densely populated with specific requirements to be fulfilled: high traffic capacity, maximum expectations on Quality of service, full compatibility with wireless standards and future expandability. Britecell Plus guarantees high quality radio coverage

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under all conditions, while maintaining maximum flexibility in managing any traffic condition.

• Subways and Highly Dense Metropolitan Areas: These areas are distinguished by large distances, and may require that RUs are placed far away from the BTSs. Britecell Plus guarantees the signal integrity at distances up to 3 km, and through the wideband interconnect link option distances of 20 km can be reached. Moreover, these environments need gradual investments, because initially operators provide radio coverage only in the busiest areas, and then extend it in order to reach complete coverage. The modularity of Britecell Plus helps operators to gradually expand the system. Some large cities often need to set up seamless and reliable radio systems for emergency services. The required RF infrastructure needs to be unobstrusive and environmental friendly; this can be achieved using a Britecell Plus DAS. When redundancy is required, two interleaved Britecell Plus systems can be used, management and supervision for these systems can be remotely established by means of an external modem and an open protocol such as SNMP.

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2. Equipment Overview

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2.1. Introduction Basically, a Britecell system is composed of: • a Master Unit, able to bring mobile radio signals from the BTS to different

remote units and vice-versa, so as to remotise the distribution and collection of any mobile and wireless signal;

• a variable number of Remote Units, conveying and receiving mobile signals by low-power antennas.

We hereby will provide a brief introduction to the main components of the Master and Remote Units which make up the Britecell system, while further details about each component will be given in the next sections of the present manual.

2.2. The Britecell Plus Remote Unit and its relevant accessories

The Remote Unit (TFAx) is a device providing optical-to-electrical downlink conversion and electrical-to-optical uplink conversion, thus allowing a bidirectional transmission of signals between the Master Unit and the remote antennas. It is available in 3 different power configurations (Low/Medium/High), housed by 4 different architectures (Case A, Case B, Case F and Case L), so as to fulfil different coverage and band requirements.

In downlink, each TFAx receives an optical signal from the Master Unit, performs an optical-to-RF conversion, and transmits the resulting signal to the 2 antenna ports. In uplink, it receives a RF signal from remote antennas, provides a RF-to-optical conversion, and conveys the converted signal to the Master Unit through optical fibres.

Case-A

Case-B

Case-L

Case-F

Fig.2.1: Different Remote Unit cases

Power supply (available either in 90÷264 Vac or in -72÷-36 Vdc version) is internal in Case L, in Case F and in most Case A remote units: vice-versa, all Case B and some Case A remote units are provided with an external power supply (TPSN), whose dimensions are shown in table 2.1(a).

The TFBW unit is a booster which can be cascaded with a TFAx in order to distribute Wi-Fi signals (802.11b and g) through dedicated Wi-Fi antennas (see scheme 2.2b).

Fig. 2.2 (a) TFBW booster ; (b) block diagram of a Britecell Plus system with Wi-Fi Interface

(a)

Remote Unit

Wi-Fi booster BTS

Master Unit with

Wi-Fi interface

Access Point

(b)

The case-A and Case-B Remote Units and the TFBW boosters can be provided with the TKA installation kit (optional), which contains a fiber optics splice holder and a compact case, in order to allow an easy installation on walls or poles. TKA compact cases allow different IP protection levels, depending on the specific environmental requirements.

Fig. 2.3: TKA mounting kit for Case A and Case B remote units

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2.3. The Britecell Plus Master Unit The Britecell Plus Master Unit is a widely-flexible system. It is available both as a stand-alone version (the Fast Master Unit) and as a rack-based version. In the followings we will give a brief overview of the components of these units. The Master Fast (TFLF): designed into a stand-alone mechanical case, it includes all required ancillary and support functions. It is available in various frequency ranges, from 800MHz up to 2200MHz and allows feeding up to 4 Remote Units. Module dimensions: 240 x 200 x 38mm The Sub-rack (TPRN) is a 19” subrack hosting the Britecell Plus modules; it accommodates 12 slots, whose sizes are 7TE x 4HE. As each Britecell Plus module takes up one or two slots, each Master Unit can sustain up to 12 modules, depending on design configuration and requirements. The Master Optical TRX (TFLN): in downlink it provides an RF-to-optical conversion of the signal coming from the BTS, and transmits it to 4 optical outputs, so as to feed 4 TFAx. In uplink it provides optical-to-RF conversion for 4 optical signals coming from RUs, and it combines them into a single RF output, while providing automatic gain control in order to balance the fibre losses. Module dimensions: Width = 7TE, Height = 4HE (one slot in the master unit sub-rack).

2.3.1 The Fast Master Unit

2.3.2 The rack-based Master Unit

Fig. 2.4: The Fast Master Unit

Fig. 2.5: The TPRN Subrack

Fig. 2.6: The TFLN Master Optical TRX

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The duplexer (TDPX): it combines the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) paths into a single one, while maintaining the required isolation. The module dimensions are: Width = 7TE, Height = 4HE. The variable RF attenuators (TBSI): it provide independent attenuations (adjustable from 0 to 30dB, with 1dB steps) on uplink and downlink RF paths, and allow the designer to optimize the signal level close to the BTSs. TBSI is an override attenuator, its dimensions are: Width = 7TE, Height = 4HE. The dual band coupler (TLDN): in downlink it combines a low band RF signal (800 to 1000 MHz) and a high band RF signal (1700 to 2500 MHz) into a common RF port; in uplink it splits a composite signal between a low band RF port and a high band RF port. Module dimensions are: Width = 7 TE, Height = 4 HE. The tri band coupler (TLTN): in downlink it combines the low band signals (800 or 900MHz), the 1800MHz band signal and 2000MHz signal into a common one; in uplink it splits the triple band signal between three different RF single band paths. Module dimensions are: Width = 7 TE, Height = 4 HE.

Fig. 2.7: The TDPX duplexer

Fig. 2.8: The TBSI variable attenuator

Fig. 2.9: The TLDN tri- band coupler

Fig. 2.10: The TLTN tri-band coupler

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The RF splitters/combiners (TLCN2 and TLCN4): TLCN2 is a 2-way splitter/combiner. TLCN4 is a 4-way splitter/combiner. They can be used in a variety of different situations, such as: • To connect a BTS with several master optical TRXs.

In uplink the TLCN2 (or TLCN4) combines 2 (4) RF signals coming from different master optical TRXs onto a common RF signal, entering the BTS. In downlink the TLCN2 (or TLCN4) splits the downlink composite RF signal coming from the BTS onto 2 (4) RF ports, entering different master optical TRXs;

• To connect several BTSs to a master optical TRX. In downlink the TLCN2 (TLCN4) combines the RF signals coming from different BTSs onto a common RF signal, entering the master optical TRX. In uplink TLCN2 (TLCN4) splits the composite RF signal coming from a master optical TRX into 2 (4) RF signals entering different BTSs.

The WLAN interface board (TWLI):.it connects 3 WLAN Access Points to each TFLN, and it is necessary when 802.11b/g WLAN distribution through the DAS is required. Dimensions: Width = 14 TE, Height = 4HE (2 slots in the master unit sub-rack).

The power limiter (TMPx-10): it monitors the DL power coming from the BTS, and attenuates it by 10 dB in case of overcoming of a programmable threshold level. TMP2-10 Power Limiter is for 2G and 2.5G signals, working at 900 MHz and 1800 MHz. TMP3-10 Power Limiter is for 3G signals. Both modules are 7TE wide and 4HE high.

Fig. 2.11: The TLCN2 and TLCN4 splitters/combiners

Fig. 2.12: The TWLI Wi-Fi interface board

Fig. 2.13: The TMPx-10 power limiter

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The interconnect-link (TILx) is a multi-module kit which allows to expand our system by connecting an additional Britecell Plus subrack station to the main one, at a distance of up to 20 km. In details: • The TDTX and TMRX cards

make up the “master side” of the i-link; thus, they have to be housed inside the main Britecell Plus subrack, and

take 1 slot each; • The TDTX and TSRX cards

make up the “slave side” of the i-link; thus, they have to be housed inside the remotised Britecell Plus subrack, and take 1 slot and 3 slots respectively.

The TILx kit is available either in simple (TILx-HL) or in WDM (TILx-HLW) version. The remote supervision unit (TSUN): it is able to control up to 14 master units fully populated. It is available both as a plug-in module (Width = 14 TE, Height = 4HE, 2 slots in the master unit sub-rack) and as stand alone device (Width= 19”, Height=1HE). It consists in a CPU, a flash memory and an Interface Board

The Remote Power Unit (TRS/TRSN): it is a sub-rack unit (whose sizes are 7TE x 4HE) providing remote power supply to up to 24 remote units through standard AWG14/16 copper lines. It is available in 2 versions: • The TRSN version is able to

supply 1 A per port and it can feed all remote units.

• The TRS version is able to

Fig. 2.14: The TILx interconnect link (i-link)

Fig. 2.15: The TSUN remote supervision unit

Fig. 2.16: The TRSN subrack

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supply 0.5A per port: it can feed only single and dual band TFAN remote units, as well as the TFAM20 one.

2.4. Block diagrams

In order to better understand the functionalities of the different units and modules, some block diagrams of the Britecell Plus system are reported hereafter.

Systems based on Fast Master Unit must be directly connected to the BTS station. The scheme of a typical Fast Britecell system is reported here in fig. 2.17.

Fig. 2.17: Block diagram for a Fast system A more complex distribution system requires a rack-based Master Unit. It allows the employment of a splitting/combining section (built by some passive modules TLTN, TLDN, TLCN, and TBSI described above) in order to interface one or more BTSs with several TFLN optical TRXs and with an higher number of TFAx remote units. Firstly, let’s assume that our BTSs are not duplexed. In this case, no TDPX module (see fig. 2.7) is required. Moreover, let’s assume that the Master Unit is made up of one or more subracks located in a single site, so that we do not need an interconnect link in order to remotise a second subrack. The scheme of this network configuration is reported hereafter in figure 2.18.

BTS TFLF

Mixed fibre-copper cable



Mixed fibre-copper cableFixed

Attenuator

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

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Fig. 2.18: Block diagram for a triple-band system with not-duplexed base stations. This scheme involves a rack-based Master Unit, with 8-TFLN optical TRXs and 32 TFAx

remote units. Now let’s consider the same network configuration, but with duplexed BTSs. In this case, some TDPX modules (see fig. 2.7) are required in order to combine UL and DL ports on single RF channels.

.

Level adjustment

Services combining /

splitting

Signal splitting / combining

Electrical / optical conversion

Optical / electrical conversion

Triple - band system – not duplexed BTSs – 8 TFLN local units

TLCN2TLTN

TBSI

TBSI

TBSI

GSM 900 BTS

GSM 1800 BTS

UMTS BTS

Fixed Atten.

Fixed Atten.

Fixed Atten.

TLCN4

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFLN

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TLCN4

- Britecell Plus MASTER UNIT Britecell Plus

REMOTE UNITS

18 User Manual

The scheme of this network configuration is reported hereafter in figure 2.19.

Fig. 2.19: Block diagram for a triple-band system with duplexed base stations. This scheme involves a rack-based Master Unit, with 8-TFLN optical TRXs and 32 TFAx

remote units.

Let’s assume we need to expand our network in a wider area, by using a second subrack station at a distance of up to 20 km from the site where the main subrack station is located. This new network configuration requires to use an interconnect link, whose master side will be at the main subrack station, and whose slave side will be at the new remotised station. The scheme of this new network topology is shown hereafter, in figure2.20.

TLCN2TLTN

TBSI

TBSI

TBSI

TDPX 91

TDPX 20

TDPX 18

GSM 900 BTS

GSM 1800 BTS

UMTS BTS

DL - UL splitting / combining

Level adjustment


splitting



Optical/electrical conversion

3 km max optical link

Triple-band system – duplexed BTSs – 8 TFLN

Fixed Atten.

Fixed Atten.

Fixed Atten.

TLCN4

TFLN

TFAx

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TLCN4

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

Britecell Plus MASTER UNIT Britecell Plus REMOTE UNITS

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DL - UL splitting / combining

Level adjustment


splitting



Optical/electrical conversion

3 km max optical link

Britecell Plus MASTER UNIT Britecell Plus REMOTE UNITS

TLCN2TLTN

TBSI

TBSI

TBSI

TDPX 91

TDPX 20

TDPX 18

GSM 900 BTS

GSM 1800 BTS

UMTS BTS

Triple-band system – duplexed BTSs – i-link

TLCN4

TFLN

TFAx

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN

TFLN TLCN4

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TDTX TMRX

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFLN

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFLN

TSRX TDTXFig. 2.20: Block diagram for a

Britecell system with remotised station connected through i-link. This scheme

refers to a triple-band system with duplexed base stations.

It involves 7 TFLN optical TRXs and 28 TFAx remote units on the master side, 2

TFLN optical TRXs and 8 TFAx on the slave side .

Lastly, the next tables show a brief overview of the available Britecell equipment:

REMOTE UNITS and accessories

Unit name/ Module name

Description Dimensions (L x W x H)

TFAx case A TFAx case B TFAx case L TFAx case F TFBWx TKA01 TKA04 TPSN 1-40 TPSN 3-30

Remote unit Remote unit Remote unit Remote unit WLAN booster Remote Unit installation kit Remote Unit installation kit External power supply External power supply

240 x 200 x 38 (mm) 240 x 240 x 38 (mm) 455 x 255 x 167 (mm) 546 x 253 x 207 (mm) 240 x 200 x 38 (mm) 280 x 240 x 55 (mm) 340 x 240 x 55 (mm) 175 x 80 x 54 (mm) 175 x 80 x 51 (mm)

Table 2.1(a): Overview of the Britecell Plus remote units and accessories

FAST MASTER UNIT

Unit name/ Module name

Description Dimensions (L x W x H)

TFAF

Fast Master Unit

240 x 200 x 38 (cm)

Table 2.1(b): Britecell Plus fast master unit

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Table 2.1(c): Overview of the Britecell Plus components and accessories for the rack-based master unit

RACK-BASED MASTER UNIT

Unit name/ Module name Description Dimensions (L x W x H)

TPRN04 TPRNx4 TFLNx TLCN 2 TLCN 4 TBSI 2-30 TDPXx TLDNx TLTNx TMPx-10 TWLI TILx-HL TILx-HLW TSUN6 TSUN1 or TSUN3 TRS/TRSN

Passive subrack Active subrack Master Optical TRX 2-way splitter 4-way splitter Adjustable attenuator UL/DL duplexer Dual band coupler Tri band coupler 10 dB power limiter WLAN interface i-link kit WDM i-link kit Remote supervision unit standalone Remote supervision unit plug in Remote supply unit

19” x 4HE 19” x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 7TE x 4HE 14TE x 4HE 14TE x 4HE (master side) + 28TE x 4HE (slave side) 14TE x 4HE (master side) + 28TE x 4HE (slave side) 19” x 4HE 14TE x 4HE 19” x 1HE

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3. TFAx Remote Unit

TFAx (intro)

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3.1. Introduction

Main tasks of the TFAx unit: Downlink (DL): Optical-to-RF conversion of the input optical signal

Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of each converted signal, in order to compensate optical losses;

RF amplification: the converted RF signal is boosted in order to maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio

RF filtering: a proper filter rejects the spurious emissions RF duplexing and splitting: the boosted RF signal is conveyed to 2 antenna ports

Uplink (UL): RF amplification: a low noise amplifier boosts the signal received from antennas so as to maintain a good signal-to-noise ratio

RF filtering: the boosted signal is cleaned from the spurious emissions Automatic Level Control (ALC): the RF signal level is adjusted according to blocking requirements RF-to-optical conversion of the signal, which is finally conveyed to the output optical port

Different types of Case-A remote units In order to allow radio coverages with different power and band requirements, Britecell architecture provides a wide variety of remote units. This allows the customer to choose the solution which best fits its coverage and environmental demands.

TFAx (intro)

Figure 3.1: The four different case of the Britecell Plus remote unit

Module name:

Remote UnitTFAx

(TFAN,TFAM,TFAH)

Case B remote unit Case A remote unit

Case L remote unit Case F remote unit

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Depending on the bands where the radio coverage has to be provided and on the required signal power to cover the environment, your remote unit can have one of the topologies shown in figure 3.1. The following 4 sections of the manual refers to these 4 different topologies of remote units. Please follow the instructions described in the section which exactly corresponds to the case (A,B,L,F) of your remote unit. The output powers and coverage bands of each remote unit are uniquely associated to model codes which you can easily read on both on the remote unit and on its package box (see picture 3.2 below). The case of your remote unit can be easily identified from the pictures 3.1: as an alternative, you can refer to the Britecell Plus Bulletin PA-100595EN or to the dedicated Bulletin of your remote unit. For example, let’s refer to the Model Number “TFAM20” we read on our remote unit’s label, like in the Ficture 3.2. On the Britecell Plus bulletin PA-100595EN, we read: This line states that the remote unit whose model is TFAM20 has a case A architecture (see picture 3.1), manages UMTS (2100 MHz) signals, and works with Medium output powers. Once we identified the case of our remote unit (case A, in this example), let’s refer to this manual’s section which exactly corresponds to our remote unit case, so as to perform proper installation and maintenance procedures. Each Britecell Plus remote unit belongs to one of the following 3 power classes: Low, Medium and High Power. Once we know the Power Class of our remote unit (Medium, in our example), and its working bands (e.g. 2100 MHz UMTS), we can look through the remote unit dedicated bulletin (described under the column “Details in bulletin”: PA-100592EN, in our example) in order to get all the technical specifications concerning the remote unit itself.

TFAx (Intro)

Figure 3.2

Figure 3.3

Band Configurations Power Class Case Model Code

UMTS2100 Medium A TFAM20 PA-100592EN

Details in Bulletin

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3.2. Case A remote unit

Dimensions and Weight: Dimensions: 38 x 240 x 200 mm

(1.5 x 9.4 x 7.9 inches) Weight : please refer to the Britecell Plus bulletin PA-100595EN or to the

remote unit dedicated bulletin in order to know the updated data about the weight of your case A remote unit

An external power supply is provided only for Case A remote unit TFAM20.

TFAx CaseA

RF ports: • 2 RF antenna ports, transmitting/receiving signals to/from distributed antennas. RF antenna ports are duplexed N-female connectors. These RF ports can be connected to the antennas either directly (ie. through RF jumper cables) or through splitters, thus allowing more antennas to be fed. Unused RF ports have to be terminated with a 50 Ω load.

• 1 RF auxiliary input and 1 auxiliary output (designed to receive and transmit additional signals). Auxiliary input and output ports are SMA-female connectors.

Power Supply

connector

DL optical port

(SC-APC)

External alarm

connectorsWarm side

RF antenna

port (N-f)

Green LED = power on Red LED = major alarm

RF auxiliary channel output

(SMA-f)

UL optical port

(SC-APC)

RF antenna

port (N-f)

RF auxiliary channel input

(SMA-f)

Module name:

Remote Unit TFAx

Case A

Fig. 3.4: 3D-drawing of a Case A remote unit

26 User Manual

Optical ports: Visual alarms: Two control LEDs are provided on the TFAx front side (see fog. 3.19). The green LED describes the power supply status, while the red LED describes the major Remote Unit failures (please refer to the table 3.1).

External alarms: TFAx is provided with two dry contacts inputs, which can be connected (through .062” MOLEX plugs) to any external device. In such a way, the alarm information about this external device can be signalled through the red LED of TFAx LED panel and displayed into the supervision system.

Power supply Case A remote units can be powered by universal mains (90 to 264 Vac) or by negative supply (-72 to -36 Vdc). Power supply is internal for all Case A remote units, except for TFAM20 which has an external adapter. Fig. 3.9a,b shows the different power supply connectors which are provided on 90/264 Vac and on -72/-36 Vdc versions (except TFAM20). TFAM20 remote unit is provided with the TPSN external power supply (fig. 3.8 a,b), available either for universal mains (90 to 264) or for negative supply. (-72 to -36 Vdc). They both provide the remote units with a +5Vdc power, by means of a 3-pole connector (fig. 3.10c).

Led colour Meaning

Red Low optical power at DL input and/or RF amplifier failure

Green Power supply OK

TFAx CaseA

dry contacts

• 1 optical output port, transmitting UL signals to TFLN master optical TRX

• 1 optical input port, receiving DL signals from TFLN master optical TRX

Table 3.1: summary of TFAx LEDs meaning

Fig. 3.5 : LED panel on the Case-A warm side

Fig. 3.6 : Dry-contacts on Case A back side

27MN024-08

Warnings (to be read before the remote units are installed) Dealing with optical output ports The TFAx remote unit contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on. Choosing a proper installation site for the remote units • TFAx remote units have to be installed as close as possible to the radiating

antennas, in order to minimize coaxial cable length, thus reducing downlink power loss and uplink noise figure.

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.7 : (a) IEC connector on the rear side of a 220Vac-powered case A remote unit. (b) 4-pole connector on the rear side of a -48 Vdc -powered case A remote unit. These connectors are not available on TFAM20, which is provided with an external adapter (see below).

(b)(a)

Ground

Positive +5 Vdc (a)

Fig. 3.8 : TPSN external adapters for 220 Vac (a) and -48 Vdc (b) TFAM20 versions. Power supply connector on the rear side of TFAM20 remote unit (c).

(c)

(b)

28 User Manual

• When positioning the TFAx remote unit, pay attention that the placing of related antennas should be decided in order to minimize the Minimum Coupling Loss (MLC), so as to avoid blocking.

• The TFAx remote unit is intended to be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces (TKA installation kits are available, in order to provide a protective cover for TFAx remote unit, while making the TFAx installation easier and faster).

Handling optical connections • When inserting an optical connector, take care to

handle it so smoothly that the optical fibre is not damaged. Optical fibres are to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.

• Typically, Britecell Plus equipment is provided with SC-APC optical connectors (other connectors may be provided on request). Inserting any other connectors will result in severe damages.

• Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5cm. See rightward figure for optimal fibre cabling.

• Remove the adapter caps only just before making connections. Do not leave any SC-APC adapter open, as they attract dirt. Unused optical connectors must always be covered with their caps.

• Do not touch the connector tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting each connector into the sleeve. In case connector tips need to be cleaned, use pure ethyl alcohol.

TFAx Case A installation Versions with internal power supply (all Case A remote units, except TFAM20) Case A remote units can be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces, either directly or through a TKA01 installation kit (optional). Installing a Case A remote unit (except TFAM20) WITHOUT the TKA kit The TFAx kit includes:

TFAx CaseA

A. 1 remote unit TFAx B. a 50 Ω load C. a VDE connector or a -48 Vdc plug (according to

the chosen model)

Fig. 3.9: Improper (a) and optimal (b) radius bending for a fiber optics cable.

OPTIMAL

(b)

WRONG (a)

29MN024-08

Remote units are provided with cooling fins which allow to optimize heat dissipation. In order to let them work, the environment where the remote unit is mounted should allow the necessary air changeover. Do not place any remote unit face downwards on a horizontal surface, because this would prevent heat dissipation. Once you have chosen the position of the remote unit, please follow these steps in order to carry out the installation: 1. Drill into the wall so as to install the M4 screw anchors (not included)

according to the case A or case B layouts indicated by the installation drawings in fig.3.15 (a)

2. Fix the TFAx remote unit to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors. 3. Take the splice – tray (not included). Fix the splice holder inside the splice

tray. (see fig. 3.10a,b) 4. Splice the optical fibres and close the splice tray. While handling the fibers,

take care of the fiber bending. 5. Fix the splice tray beside the remote unit 6. If the remote unit is -48 Vdc powered, use the -48 Vdc plug (included) in

order to connect the unit to the -48 Vdc mains. If the remote unit is 85/264 Vac-powered, fix the 85/264 Vac plug (included) on to a power cord (not included), and use this cable in order to connect the unit to the mains.

7. Connect the antenna RF cables to the RF antenna ports. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors (please refer to fig. 3.4). Apply a 50-Ohm load to the RF which are no connected to any antenna cable.

8. Once the installation is finished, please follow the section “Start-up for case A and case B remote units”, in order to carry out a proper system start up.

Installing the Case A remote unit (except TFAM20) WITH the TKA01 installation kit The TFAx kit includes:

The TKA01 kit includes: (please refer to fig. 3.11)

TFAx CaseA

(a)

(b)

Fig. 3.10. (a) Splice tray. (b) Inside of the splice tray, with the splice holder properly positioned.

1. a remote unit TFAx 2. a 50 Ω load 3. a VDE connector or a -48 Vdc plug (according to

the chosen model)

A. 4 screw anchors (fixing the wall bearing to the wall)

B. 5 screw anchors (fixing the TFAx case A to the wall mounting box “C”)

C. A wall mounting boc D. a splice holder

30 User Manual

Once you have chosen the position of the remote unit mounting case, please follow these instructions: 1. Unscrew the 4 screws which lock the lower cover of the TKA01 wall bearing

(see fig. 3.12a) 2. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (included) which shall hold up the

TKA01 wall bearing, drill into the wall according to the TKA layout shown in fig. 3.15c.

3. Fix the TKA01 wall bearing by firmly screwing the anchors. 4. Carefully open the splice tray by using a screwdriver as in fig. 3.12b. Fix

the splice holder inside the splice tray. (see fig. 3.12c). Splice the optical fibres and close the splice tray. While handling the fibers, take care of the fiber bending. Close the splice tray.

5. Fix the remote unit to the wall bearing by using the included screws 3.12d. 6. If the remote unit is -48 Vdc powered, use the -48 Vdc plug (included) in

order to connect the unit to the -48 Vdc mains. If the remote unit is 85/264 Vac-powered, fix the 85/264 Vac plug (included) on to a power cord (not included), and use this cable in order to connect the unit to the mains.

7. Connect the antenna RF cables to the RF antenna ports. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors (fig.3.12e). If the power cable has properly been connected to the main, both the green and the red LEDs should turn on. The green LED will remain on to indicate that the unit is powered on, while the red LED will turn off as soon as the local unit will be switched on (for further details about the start up of the system, please refer to the section “TFAx Start-up”)

8. Fix the lower cover by fastening the 4 screws (fig.3.12f).

TFAM20 installation TFAM20 remote unit can be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces, either directly or through a TKA01 installation kit (optional).

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.11: The TKA01 installation kit

31MN024-08

Installing a TFAM20 remote unit WITHOUT the TKA kit

The TFAM20 kit includes: Please consider carefully these guidelines in order to choose a proper positioning of the remote unit and of its power supply: o Each piece of equipment should not be affected by the heating of any other

piece. The remote unit and its external power supply should be mounted so as to avoid reciprocal heating. Side-by-side configuration is suggested (fig. 3.13 a,b)

o Remote units are provided with cooling fins which allow to optimize heat dissipation. In order to let them work, the environment where the TFAM20 is mounted should allow the necessary air changeover.

o It is strongly recommended not to mount the external power supply on a horizontal surface, because this position does not allow heat dissipation. External power supplies must be mounted on vertical surfaces.

o In order to assure a proper heat dissipation, the external power supplies must be mounted in vertical position with the power socket downwards (see fig. 3.13a,b).

Once you have chosen the position of the remote unit, please follow these instructions: 1. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (not included) which shall hold up

the TFAM20 remote unit, drill into the wall according to the case A layout shown in fig. 3.15a.

2. Fix the TFAM20 to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors. 3. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (not included) which shall hold up

the power supply external adapter, drill into the wall according to the power supply layout shown in fig.3.15b.

4. Fix the external power supply adapter to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors.

5. Take the splice – tray (not included). Fix the splice holder inside the splice tray. (see fig. 3.10a,b)

6. Splice the optical fibres and close the splice tray. While handling the fibers, take care of the fiber bending.

7. Fix the splice tray beside the remote unit 8. Connect the external adapter to the TFAM20 remote unit through the 9. proper cable. 10. If the remote unit is -48 Vdc powered, use the -48 Vdc plug (included) in

order to connect the external adapter to the -48 Vdc mains (fig. 3.12b). If the remote unit is 90/264 Vac-powered, fix the 90/264 Vac plug

TFAx CaseA

1. a remote unit TFAM20 2. a 50 Ω load 3. a TPSN external power supply adapter (90 to

264 Vac or -72 to -36 Vdc, according to the chosen model)

4. a VDE connector or a -48 Vdc plug (according to the chosen model)

32 User Manual

(included) on to a power cord (not included), and use this cable in order to the external adapter to the mains (fig. 3.12a).

11. Connect the antenna RF cables to the RF antenna ports. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors.

12. Once the installation is finished, please follow the section “TFAx case A remote unit”, in order to carry out a proper system start up.

Installation of the TFAM20 remote unit WITH the TKA01 installation kit The TFAM20 kit includes:


TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.12. Example of proper mounting configuration, which assures heat dissipation. Note that the remote unit and its power supply adapter are mounted side-by-side, and the power supply adapter has the socket downwards. The pictures refer to a 90/264 Vac – powered TFAM20 (a) and to a –72/-36 Vdc –powered TFAM20 (b).

1. a remote unit TFAx 2. a 50 Ω load 3. an external power supply adapter (86 to 264 Vac

or -72 to -36 Vdc, according to the chosen model)




C. A wall mounting boc D. a splice holder

(a) universal mains (90 to 264Vac)

(b)

neg. supply (-72 to -36Vdc)

33MN024-08

TFAx CaseA

(a)

(c) (d)

(e) (f)

Fig. 3.13: Mounting the TFAx Case A with a TKA01 installation kit

(b)

34 User Manual

Please consider carefully these guidelines in order to choose a proper positioning of the remote unit and of its power supply: o Each piece of equipment should not be affected by the heating of any other




Once you have chosen the position of the remote unit mounting case, please follow these instructions: 1. Unscrew the 4 screws which lock the lower cover of the TKA01 wall

bearing (see fig. 3.13a) 2. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (included) which shall hold up

the TKA01 wall bearing, drill into the wall according to the TKA layout shown in fig. 3.15c.

3. Fix the TKA01 wall bearing by firmly screwing the anchors. 4. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (not included) which shall hold up

the power supply external adapter, drill into the wall according to the power supply layout shown in fig.3.15b


6. Carefully open the splice tray by using a screwdriver as in fig. 3.13b. Fix the splice holder inside the splice tray. (see fig. 3.13c). Splice the optical fibres and close the splice tray. While handling the fibers, take care of the fiber bending. Close the splice tray.

7. Fix the remote unit to the wall bearing by using the included screws 3.13d.

8. If the remote unit is -48 Vdc powered, use the -48 Vdc plug (included) in order to connect the external adapter to the -48 Vdc mains (fig. 3.14a). If the remote unit is 90/264 Vac-powered, fix the 90/264 Vac plug (included) on to a power cord (not included), and use this cable in order to connect the external adapter to the mains (fig. 3.14b).

9. Connect the antenna RF cables to the RF antenna ports. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors (fig.3.13e). If the power cable has properly been connected to the main, both the green and the red LEDs should turn on. The green LED will remain on to indicate that the unit is powered on, while the red LED will turn off as soon as the local unit will be switched on (for further details about the start up of the system, please refer to the section “TFAx Case A Start-up”)

10. Fix the lower cover by fastening the 4 screws (fig.3.13f).

TFAx CaseA

35MN024-08

TFAx Case A start-up Before the TFAx remote unit is switched on, make sure that: • the modules hosted in the master unit have been connected each other

with RF jumpers, according to the system design • every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to its remote units • each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas For a correct system start-up, all the remote units have to be switched on before the master unit. Once the TFAx has been switched on, its behaviour can be summarized as per the following steps:

1. when the remote unit is turned on, both the LEDs upon the warm side turn on for a couple of seconds

2. After that, the unit green LED remains on (thus indicating proper power supply), while the red LED switches off as soon as the master unit is turned on (meaning that DL optical power is OK and no alarms are present).

3. Once the master unit has been switched on, the status of both LEDs have to be the one reported in table 3.1. In case the red LED remains on, please refer to the troubleshooting section.

4. After being switched on the remote unit starts working correctly. Anyway, in order to be recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary for the corresponding TFLN master optical TRX to carry out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase which can last at max. 4min, depending on the system complexity, the TFLN LED blinks.

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.14. Example of proper mounting configuration, which assures proper heat dissipation. Note that the remote unit and its power supply adapter are mounted side-by-side, and the power supply adapter has the socket downwards. The pictures refer to a 90/264 Vac –powered TFAM20 (a) and to a -72/-36 Vdc –powered TFAM20 (b).

(a) (b) Universal mains (90 to 264 Vac)

Neg. supply (-72 to -36Vdc)

36 User Manual

Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in failing the identification of the remote unit.

Note: in case discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information).

Case A TFAx troubleshooting Faults can be revealed by LEDs on the TFAx front panel as well as by LMT or supervision system (running on the remote supervision unit) Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or supervision system. Britecell Plus modules are designed in order to exchange information, so that each remote unit can receive failure notifications from its external equipment through dry-contact connections. Moreover, the TFAx constantly monitors the optical signal received from its TFLN unit to control optical losses. Tables 3.2 and 3.3 show a brief description of the alarms related to a Case A remote unit, with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs and to the actions to be carried out in the case of a fault.

TFAN ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED

SUPERVISION PRIORITY

LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Antenna DC loop alarm ALWAYS OK

DL optical power fail

The optical power received on the DL is too low and can’t no more be compensated

RED MAJOR Check the DL fibre and the TFLN laser status

MAJOR

AGC out of range

The optical power received is under the allowed 3dB optical loss but it can be compensated

NONE WARNING Clean optical connectors MINOR

DL RF low band alarm

HW failure on the DL low band RF section RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

DL RF high band alarm

HW failure on the DL high band RF section RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

External 1 alarm

Alarm on the device connected on dry-contact 1

RED MAJOR Check the external device or alarm connection

MAJOR

External 2 alarm



MAJOR

TFAx CaseA

Table 3.2. Description of the alarms of the TFAN Case A Remote Unit, as they are presented on LMT or Supervision Interface

37MN024-08

As the tables show, minor alarms (low priority alarms) are revealed only by LMT or supervision system, but not by LEDs. Minor alarms detect critical situations which should be checked and tested in order to avoid future possible system faults. Each remote unit is provided with an AGC system which comes in after the optical-to-RF conversion. This AGC can correctly compensate optical losses when these are estimated to be <3 dB. In case optical losses are in the 3dB- 4dB range, the whole system still works, but AGC is near to its borderline levels. The red LED switches on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more. As shown in the previous table, the same red LED switches on to reveal any major failure. Following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter it is possible to better understand what problem occurred. 1Note: Each remote unit is provided with an AGC system which comes in after the optical-to-RF conversion. This AGC can correctly compensate optical losses when these are estimated to be <3 dB. In case optical losses are in the 3dB- 4dB range, the AGC is said to be “out of range”: the whole system still work, but AGC is near to its borderline levels. The DL power LED switches on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more. As shown in the previous table, the same red LED switches on to reveal any major failure. Following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter it is possible to better understand what problem occurred.

TFAx CaseA

TFAM20 ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)


Power Supply alarm

UPS HW failure or malfunction. RF is turned OFF

RED MAJOR

Check the external PSU. If it works properly, return the unit

MAJOR

Internal Bus alarm ALWAYS OK




MAJOR

AGC out of range



DL UMTS band alarm

HW failure on the DL UMTS section RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

Temperature alarm

Over-temperature alarm

RED if temperature

>85°C MINOR Check ventilation

and environment MINOR

Table 3.3. Description of the alarms of the TFAM20 Remote Unit, as they are presented on LMT or Supervision Interface

38 User Manual

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.15(a): CASE A layout with wall anchor quotes

39MN024-08

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.15(b): External Power Supply layout with wall anchor quotes. It is highly recommended to mount it on a vertical surface in vertical position with the socket downwards.

40 User Manual

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.15(c): TKA layout with wall anchor quotes

41MN024-08

Quick troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.16a) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps: 1. First of all, refer to dry-contact troubleshooting in order to understand

whether the alarm can depend on any external equipment failure or not. 2. In case dry-contact troubleshooting has not revealed any failure, clean the

optical adapters 3. If the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic DL troubleshooting to

check if optical cables or optical connections have any problem on DL path. 4. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off replace the unit with a

new one or contact for assistance. Dry contact troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.16b) This procedure needs to be considered if at least one TFAx dry-contact is connected to some external equipment. If not, return to main troubleshooting procedure. These steps aim to detect any failure inside the external equipment or inside the dry-contact port. If dry-contacts don’t reveal equipment malfunction or a port failure, return to the main troubleshooting procedure. For any dry-contact connected to some external equipment, follow these steps:

1. Disconnect it, and check the TFAx LED status after the disconnection. 2. If the red LED has switched off, external equipment connected to the dry

contact port should be faulty. Please test it. 3. If the TFAx red LED still remains on after the disconnection, measure

voltage between the terminals of the dry contact port. a. If the terminals are electrically closed, the dry-contact port is faulty.

Contact the manufacturer for assistance. b. If the terminals are open, this means neither the analysis of the

present dry contact nor the one of its external equipment has revealed failures. Re-connect the present dry contact port to its external equipment. In case the TFAx has another unchecked dry-contact connected to some external equipment, apply the whole procedure (i.e. the steps 1-3) to this new port

Fibre optic DL troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.16c)

1. Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If TFLN red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out. Otherwise, follow next steps.

2. Check if SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends. In case they are not, fix better SC-SPC connectors to adapters. If TFLN red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it better at both ends then clean the SC-APC ports on both the TFLN and the remote unit. Re-connect the fibre to relevant ports after cleaning. If it doesn’t made TFLN red LED switch off, follow next steps.

TFAx CaseA

42 User Manual

4. Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from remote unit DL port, and measure the output power POUT(DL) at the corresponding fibre end. Then, go to the TFLN side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN DL port and measure the input power PIN(DL) coming out of the TFLN DL port. Calculate the DL fibre attenuation ADL as ADL [dB] = PIN(DL) – POUT(DL) a. If ADL > 4dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it

with a new one. b. If ADL < 4dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem.

Refer to supervision system or contact assistance.

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.16( a): Flow-chart describing the quick troubleshooting procedure on Case A TFAx

start Is the red LED ON upon the

TFAx?

No

Yes

Yes

No

Verify if any external equipment or any dry contact

port have some problems. Refer to dry-contact

troubleshooting (fig. 3.16b)

Clean the SC-APC optical adapters and

connectors

No

Yes

end

Is red LED upon TFAx still ON?


Optical cable or optical connections are supposed to have problems on DL path. Refer to fibre optic DL

troubleshooting (fig. 3.16c)

43MN024-08

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.16(b): Flow-chart describing the external alarm troubleshooting on Case A TFAx.

start Is any dry contact connected to some

external equipment?

No

Yes

Disconnect the dry contact port


No External equipment connected to this dry contact port should be faulty. Test it.

Yes

Measure voltage between the terminals of this dry contact port

Is this dry contact electrically closed?

The dry contact port is faulty. Contact the manufacturer for assistance.

Yes

Analysis about this dry contact and its external equipment has not revealed any failures. Connect the dry contact to its external equipment again.

Is the other dry contact connected

to external equipment?

No

Yes

No

end

44 User Manual

TFAx CaseA

Fig. 3.16 (c): Flow-chart describing the fibre optic DL troubleshooting

start

Is there any point where the

fibre experiences a small radius of

curvature?

Rearrange the optical path to avoid sharp bends. If necessary replace the optical cable with a longer one.

Is red LED upon remote unit still ON?

Are SC-APC connectors properly

installed at both fibre ends?

Fix better SC-APC connectors

Yes

No

No Yes

NoYes

No

Yes

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from remote unit DL port

Clean optical SC-APC ports on both TFLN and remote unit.

Disconnect fibre optic and clean it at both ends.

Reconnect the fibre to relevant ports

Measure the output power at corresponding fibre end.

Measure the input power coming out of the TFLN DL port.

Disconnect optical SC-APC connector from TFLN DL port.

Calculate DL fibre attenuation ADL[dB]=input power - output power

Is ADL > 4dB? Fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it.

Troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to supervision system or contact assistance

end

No Yes

No

Yes



Go to TFLN side.

45MN024-08

3.3. Case B remote unit Dimensions and Weight: Dimensions: 38 x 240 x 240 mm

(1.5 x 9.4 x 9.4 inches) Weight : please refer to the Bulletin

PA-100595EN or to the remote unit dedicated bulletin in order to know the updated data about the weight of your case L remote unit

TFAx CaseB

Module name:

Remote Unit TFAx

Case B

Power Supply

connector

DL optical port

(SC-APC)

External alarm

connectors

Warm side

RF antenna

port (N-f)

Green LED = power on Red LED = major alarm

RF auxiliary channel output

(SMA-f)

UL optical port

(SC-APC)

RF antenna

port (N-f)

RF auxiliary channel input

(SMA-f)

RF ports: • 2 RF antenna ports, transmitting/receiving signals to/from distributed antennas. RF antenna ports are duplexed N-female connectors. These RF ports can be connected to the antennas either directly (ie. through RF jumper cables) or through splitters, thus allowing more antennas to be fed. Unused RF ports have to be terminated with a 50 Ω load.

• 1 RF auxiliary input and 1 auxiliary output (designed to receive and transmit additional signals). Auxiliary input and output ports are SMA-female connectors.

Optical ports: • 1 optical output port, transmitting UL signals to TFLN master optical TRX

• 1 optical input port, receiving DL signals from TFLN master optical TRX

Fig. 3.17: 3D-drawing of a Case B remote unit

46 User Manual

Visual alarms: Two control LEDs are provided on the TFAx front side (fig.3.18). The green LED describes the power supply status, while the red LED describes the major Remote Unit failures (please refer to the table 3.4). Dry contact alarms: TFAx is provided with two dry contacts inputs, which can be connected (through .062” MOLEX plugs) to any external device. In such a way, the alarm information about this external device can be signalled through the red LED of TFAx LED panel and displayed into the supervision system. Power supply The Case B remote unit is provided with an external power supply TPSN (fig. 3.20 a,b), available either for universal mains (90 to 264) or for negative supply. (-72 to -36 Vdc). Each TPSN external power supply provides the remote units with a +5Vdc power, by means of a 3-pole connector (fig. 3.20c). Warnings (to be read before remote units are installed) Dealing with optical output ports The TFAx remote unit contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.

TFAx CaseB

Led colour Meaning


Green Power supply OK Fig. 3.18 : LED panel on

the Case-B warm sideTable 3.4: summary of TFAx LEDs meaning

dry contacts

Fig. 3.19 : Dry-contacts on Case B back side

47MN024-08

Choosing a proper installation site for the remote units • TFAx remote units have to be installed as close as possible to the radiating

antennas, in order to minimize coaxial cable length, thus reducing downlink power loss and uplink noise figure.

• When positioning the TFAx remote unit, pay attention that the placing of related antennas should be decided in order to minimize the Minimum Coupling Loss (MLC), so as to avoid blocking.

• The TFAx remote unit is intended to be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces (TKA installation kits are available, in order to provide a protective cover for TFAx remote unit, while making the TFAx installation easier and faster).

Handling optical connections • When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it so smoothly

that the optical fibre is not damaged. Optical fibres are to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.





TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.20: TPSN external adapters for 220 Vac (a) and -48 Vdc (b) Case B remote units. Power supply connector on the rear side of Case-B remote unit (c).

Ground

Positive +5 Vdc (a)

(c)

(b)

48 User Manual

TFAx Case B installation CaseB remote unit can be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces, either directly or through a TKA04 installation kit (optional).

Installing a Case B remote unit WITHOUT the TKA kit

The TFAx kit includes:



o Remote units are provided with cooling fins which allow to optimize heat dissipation. In order to let them work, the environment where the TFAx is mounted should allow the necessary air changeover



Once you have chosen the position of the remote unit, please follow these instructions: 1. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (not included) which shall hold up

the TFAx remote unit, drill into the wall according to the case B layout shown in fig. 3.24a.

2. Fix the TFAx to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors. 3. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (not included) which shall hold up

the power supply external adapter, drill into the wall according to the power supply layout shown in fig.3.24b


5. Take the splice – tray (not included). Fix the splice holder inside the splice tray. (see fig. 3.21a,b)

TFAx CaseB

a. a remote unit TFAx b. a 50 Ω load c. a TPSN external power supply adapter (86 to 264

Vac or -72 to -36 Vdc, according to the chosen model)

d. a VDE connector or a -48 Vdc plug (according to the chosen model)

49MN024-08

6. Splice the optical fibres and close the splice tray. While handling the fibers, take care of the fiber bending.

7. Fix the splice tray beside the remote unit 8. Connect the external adapter to the TFAx remote unit through the proper

cable. 9. If the remote unit is -48 Vdc powered, use the -48 Vdc plug (included) in

order to connect the external adapter to the -48 Vdc supply (fig. 3.22b). If the remote unit is 90/264 Vac-powered, fix the 90/264 Vac plug (included) on to a power cord (not included), and use this cable in order to connect the external adapter to the mains (fig. 3.22a).

10. Connect the antenna RF cables to the RF antenna ports. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors.

11. Once the installation is finished, please follow the section “TFAx Case B Start-up” in order to carry out a proper system start up.

TFAx CaseB

(a)

(b)

Fig. 3.21. (a) Splice tray. (b) Inside of the splice tray, with the splice holder properly positioned.

Fig. 3.22. Example of proper mounting configuration, which assures heat dissipation. Note that the remote unit and its power supply adapter are mounted side-by-side, and the power supply adapter has the socket downwards. The pictures refer to a 90/264 Vac – powered TFAx Case B(a) and to a -36/-72 Vdc –powered TFAx Case B (b).

(a) (b) Universal mains (90 to 264 Vac)

Neg. supply (-72 to -36 Vdc )

50 User Manual

Installation of the Case B remote unit WITH the TKA04 installation kit

The TFAx Case B kit includes:

The TKA04 kit includes:





Once you have chosen the position of the remote unit mounting case, please follow these instructions: 1. Unscrew the 4 screws which lock the lower cover of the TKA04 wall bearing

(see fig. 3.26a) 2. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (included) which shall hold up the

TKA04 wall bearing, drill into the wall according to the TKA layout shown in fig. 3.25c.

TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.23: The TKA installation kit

2. a remote unit TFAx 3. a 50 Ω load 4. a TPSN external power supply adapter (86

to 264 Vac or -72 to -36 Vdc, according to the chosen model)



B. 5 screw anchors (fixing the TFAx Case B to the wall bearing)

C. a wall mounting box (wall bearing + cover) D. a splice holder

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3. Fix the TKA04 wall bearing by firmly screwing the anchors. 4. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (not included) which shall hold up

the power supply external adapter, drill into the wall according to the power supply layout shown in fig.3.25b.


6. Carefully open the splice tray by using a screwdriver as in fig. 3.26b. Fix the splice holder inside the splice tray (fig. 3.26c). Splice the optical fibres and close the splice tray. While handling the fibers, take care of the fiber bending. Close the splice tray.

Fig. 3.24. Example of proper mounting configuration, which assures proper heat dissipation. Note that the remote unit and its power supply adapter are mounted side-by-side, and the power supply adapter has the socket downwards. The pictures refer to a 220 Vac – powered TFAx Case B (a) and to a -48 Vdc –powered TFAx Case B (b). 7. Fix the remote unit to the wall-bearing by using the included screws (fig.

3.26d). 8. If the remote unit is -48 Vdc powered, use the -48 Vdc plug (included) in

order to connect the external adapter to the -48 Vdc mains (fig. 3.24b). If the remote unit is 90/264 Vac-powered, fix the 90/264 Vac plug (included) on to a power cord (not included), and use this cable in order to connect the external adapter to the mains (fig. 3.24a).

9. Connect the antenna RF cables to the RF antenna ports. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors (fig. 3.26e). If the power cable has properly been connected to the main, both the green and the red LEDs should turn on. The green LED will remain on to indicate that the unit is powered on, while the red LED will turn off as soon as the local unit will be switched on (for further details about the start up of the system, please refer to the section “TFAx Case B Start-up”)

10. Fix the lower cover by fastening the 4 screws (fig. 3.26f)

TFAx CaseB

(a) (b)

Universal mains (90 to 264 Vac)

Neg. supply (-72 to -36 Vdc

52 User Manual

TFAx Case B start-up Before the TFAx remote unit is switched on, make sure that: • the modules hosted in the master unit have been connected each other

with RF jumpers, according to the system design • every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to its remote units • each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas For a correct system start-up, all the remote units have to be switched on before the master unit. Once the TFAx has been switched on, its behaviour can be summarized as per the following steps: 1. When the remote unit is turned on, both the LEDs upon the warm side turn

on for a couple of seconds 2. After that, the unit green LED remains on (thus indicating proper power

supply), while the red LED switches off as soon as the master unit is turned on (meaning that DL optical power is OK and no alarms are present).

3. Once the master unit has been switched on, the status of both LEDs have to be the one reported in table 3.4. In case the red LED remains on, please refer to the troubleshooting section.

4. After being switched on the remote unit starts working correctly. Anyway, in order to be recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary for the corresponding TFLN master optical TRX to carry out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase which can last at max. 4min, depending on the system complexity, the TFLN LED blinks. Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in failing the identification of the remote unit.

Note: in case discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information). TFAx Case B troubleshooting Faults can be revealed by LEDs on the TFAx front panel as well as by LMT or supervision system (running on the remote supervision unit) Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or supervision system. Britecell Plus modules are designed in order to exchange information, so that each remote unit can receive failure notifications from its external equipment through dry-contact connections. Moreover, the TFAx constantly monitors the optical signal received from its TFLN unit to control optical losses.

TFAx CaseB

53MN024-08

TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.25 (a): CASE B layout with wall anchor quotes

54 User Manual

TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.25 (b): External Power Supply layout with wall anchor quotes. It is highly recommended to mount it on a vertical surface in vertical position with the socket downwards.

55MN024-08

TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.25 (c): TKA layout with wall anchor quotes

240

100

242

150

98

212

56 User Manual

TFAx CaseB

(a)

(c) (d)

(e) (f)

Fig. 3.26: Mounting the TFAx with a TKA installation kit. Please note that these pitctures refers to the mounting of a Case A TFAx with a TKa01 kit. However, the installation procedure is identical for mounting a TFAx case B with a TKA04 kit.

(b)

57MN024-08

Tables 3.5 and 3.6 show a brief description of the alarms related to a Case B remote unit, with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs and to the actions to be carried out in the case of a fault.

TFAN (tri band) ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)


DL optical power fail1



MAJOR

AGC out of range1



DL RF low band alarm

HW failure on the DL low band RF section RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

DL RF high band alarm

HW failure on the DL high band RF section RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

External 1 alarm Alarm on the device connected on dry-contact 1


MAJOR



MAJOR

Power supply alarm


RED MAJOR


MAJOR

Internal BUS alarm

A malfunctioning on the digital part involves a fault in monitoring functionalities

RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

Temperature alarm

Over-temperature alarm NONE MINOR Check ventilation


DL UMTS band alarm

HW failure on the DL UMTS band RF section


TFAx CaseB

Table 3.5. Description of the alarms of the TFAN Case-B Remote Unit, as they are presented on LMT or Supervision Interface

58 User Manual

TFAM ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)


DL optical power fail1



MAJOR

AGC out of range1



DL UMTS band alarm

HW failure on the DL UMTS section RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

External 1alarm



MAJOR

External 2 alarm



MAJOR

Power Supply alarm


RED MAJOR


MAJOR

Internal Bus alarm ALWAYS OK

As the tables show minor alarms (low priority alarms) are revealed only by LMT or supervision system, but not by LEDs. Minor alarms detect critical situations which should be checked and tested in order to avoid future possible system faults. Each remote unit is provided with an AGC system which comes in after the optical-to-RF conversion. This AGC can correctly compensate optical losses when these are estimated to be <3 dB. In case optical losses are in the 3dB-4dB range, the whole system still works, but AGC is near to its borderline levels. The red LED switches on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more. As shown in the previous table, the same red LED switches on to reveal any major failure. Following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter it is possible to better understand what problem occurred. 1Note: Each remote unit is provided with an AGC system which comes in after the optical-to-RF conversion. This AGC can correctly compensate optical losses when these are estimated to be <3 dB. In case optical losses are in the 3dB- 4dB range, the AGC is said to be “out of range”: the whole system still work, but AGC is near to its borderline levels. The DL power LED switches on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more.

TFAx CaseB

Table 3.6. Description of the alarms of the TFAM Case-B Remote Unit, as they are presented on LMT or Supervision Interface

59MN024-08

As shown in the previous table, the same red LED switches on to reveal any major failure. Following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter it is possible to better understand what problem occurred. Quick troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.27a) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps: 1. First of all, refer to dry-contact troubleshooting in order to understand

whether the alarm can depend on any external equipment failure or not. 2. In case dry-contact troubleshooting has not revealed any failure, clean the

optical adapters 3. If the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic DL troubleshooting to


new one or contact for assistance. Dry-contact troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.27b) This procedure needs to be considered if at least one TFAx dry-contact is connected to some external equipment. If not, return to main troubleshooting procedure. These steps aim to detect any failure inside the external equipment or inside the dry-contact port. If dry-contacts don’t reveal equipment malfunction or a port failure, return to the main troubleshooting procedure. For any dry-contact connected to some external equipment, follow these steps:

1. Disconnect it, and check the TFAx LED status after the disconnection. 2. If the red LED has switched off, external equipment connected to the dry

contact port should be faulty. Please test it. 3. If the TFAx red LED still remains on after the disconnection, measure

voltage between the terminals of the dry contact port. a. If the terminals are electrically closed, the dry-contact port is

faulty. Contact the manufacturer for assistance. b. If the terminals are open, this means neither the analysis of the

present dry contact nor the one of its external equipment has revealed failures. Re-connect the present dry contact port to its external equipment. In case the TFAx has another unchecked dry-contact connected to some external equipment, apply the whole procedure (ie steps 1-3) to this new port

Fibre optic DL troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.27c) 1. Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of

curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If TFLN red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out. Otherwise, follow next steps.


TFAx CaseB

60 User Manual


4. Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from remote unit DL port, and measure the output power POUT(DL) at the corresponding fibre end. Then, go to the TFLN side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN DL port and measure the input power PIN(DL) coming out of the TFLN DL port. Calculate the DL fibre attenuation ADL as ADL [dB] = PIN(DL) – POUT(DL)

a. If ADL > 4dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it with a new one.

b. If ADL < 4dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to supervision system or contact assistance.

TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.27 (a): Flow-chart describing the quick troubleshooting procedure on TFAx Case B


TFAx?

No

Yes

Yes

No

Verify if any external equipment or any dry contact

port have some problems. Refer to dry-contact



connectors

No

Yes

end

Is red LED upon TFAx still

ON?

Is red LED upon TFAx still

ON?



61MN024-08

TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.27 (b): Flow-chart describing the external alarm troubleshooting on Case B TFAx.

start Is any dry contact connected to some

external equipment?

No

Yes

Disconnect the dry contact port


No External equipment connected to this dry contact port should be faulty. Test it.

Yes

Measure voltage between the terminals of this dry contact port

Is this dry contact electrically closed?

The dry contact port is faulty. Contact the manufacturer for assistance.

Yes

Analysis about this dry contact and its external equipment has not revealed any failures. Connect the dry contact to its external equipment again.

Is the other dry contact connected

to external equipment?

No

Yes

No

end

62 User Manual

TFAx CaseB

Fig. 3.27 (c): Flow-chart describing the fibre optic DL troubleshooting

start



curvature?






Yes

No

No Yes

NoYes

No

Yes











end

No Yes

No

Yes



Go to TFLN side.

63MN024-08

3.4. Case F remote unit

Dimensions and Weight Dimensions: 546 x 253 x 207 mm (inches 21.5 x 10 x 8.1) Weight: please refer to the Britecell Plus bulletin PA-100595EN or to

the remote unit dedicated bulletin in order to know the updated data about the weight of your case-L remote unit.

TFAx CaseL

Figure 3.28 : (a) Case-L remote unit; (b) connection panel of the Case-L remote unit

Module name:

Remote Unit TFAH

Case L

(a)

(b)

External alarms port

Green LED = power ON

UL AUX

DL AUX

Red LED = major alarm

Power supply connector

RF ANTENNA PORT

DL optical cable

UL optical cable

64 User Manual

RF ports: • 1 RF antenna port, transmitting/receiving signals to/from distributed

antennas. This RF antenna port is a duplexed N-female connectors. The port can be connected to the antenna either directly (ie. through RF jumper cables) or through splitters, thus allowing more antennas to be fed.

• 1 RF auxiliary input and 1 RF auxiliary output (designed to receive and transmit additional signals). Auxiliary input and output ports are SMA-female connectors.

Optical ports: • 1 optical output port, transmitting UL signals to TFLN master optical TRX; • 1 optical input port, receiving DL signals from TFLN master optical TRX. Visual alarms: Two control LEDs are provided on the Case-L upper side (see fig. 3.29). The green LED describes the power supply status, while the red LED describes the major Remote Unit failures (please rfer to the table 3.7).

External alarms The Case-L remote unit can collect the alarm information of any external device, so that the two LEDs of the visual panel will take account both of the alarms of the remote unit itself and of the external devices which have been properly connected. The alarms signals coming from external devices can be carried through proper cables (provided with 0.62” molex plugs), which have to pass through the external alarms port (see picture 3.28) and have to be connected to the proper pins on the motherboard. Please refer to fig. 3.30 in order to connect the external alarms cables to the proper pins.

TFAx CaseL

Led colour Meaning



Table 3.7: summary of Case-L LEDs meaning

Fig. 3.29 : LED panel on the Case-B warm side

65MN024-08

TFAx CaseL

Pin 1: EXTERNAL 1

Pin 2: GROUND 1

Pin 3: EXTERNAL 2

Pin 4: GROUND 2

Fig. 3.30 : External alarm contacts on Case F board

66 User Manual

Power supply: The Case-L remote Unit is available in two versions: one feeded by universal mains (85 to 265 Vac), the other by negative power supply (-72 to -36 Vdc): in figure 3.31, the 85/220 Vac connector and the -72/-36 Vdc connector are described. Power feeder is always internal. The power cable is always included in the Case-L remote unit kit

Warnings (to be read before remote units are installed) Dealing with optical output ports The Case-L remote unit contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on. Choosing a proper installation site for the remote units • Case-L remote units have to be installed as close as possible to the

radiating antennas, in order to minimize coaxial cable length, thus reducing downlink power loss and uplink noise figure.

• When positioning the Case-L remote unit, pay attention that the placing of related antennas should be decided in order to minimize the Minimum Coupling Loss (MLC), so as to avoid blocking.

• The Case-L remote unit is intended to be fixed on walls or other flat vertical surfaces.



TFAx CaseL

(a) 85/264Vac Connector PE: ground 1: N 2: L

PE 1 2

4 6

(b) -36/-72Vdc Connector4: 0V 6: -48V

Figure 3.31 : (a) 85/264 Vac and (b) -36/-72 Vdc connectors on a Case-L Remote Unit

67MN024-08





TFAx Case-L installation Each case-L Remote Unit kit includes: • 1 Case-L Remote Unit; • 1 key, required to open the Case-L connector cover • 1 power supply cable (85 to 264 Vac or -48Vdc, depending on the power

supply which has been chosen); • 1 pair of mounting plates; • 1 screw kit, including four hexagonal-head screws and a torque key. The operations which need to be carried out in order to perform a proper installation of the Case-L Remote Unit are hereby described: 1- Take down the 2 mounting plates which are fixed to the case L (fig. 3.33a). Fix the two mounting plates to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors. 2. Drill the wall to install four M8 screw anchors (not included) as indicated by

the installation drawing shown in fig. 3.33b. 3 –Take two of the hexagonal-head screws included in the kit, and fasten them at the top of the case-L unit (fig. 3.33c, step “1”) by using the torque key: while fastening the screws, take care to leave the space required to hang the L-case to the plates. Fasten the screws further only after hanging the L-case. Then take the other two hexagonal screws (included) and use them to fasten the bottom sides of the unit to the bottom side of the plates (see fig. 3.33c, step “2”). 4 – Fix a splice holder (not included) inside the proper splice tray (not included; fig. 3.32). Makes the splices between the fiberoptics patchcords coming from the

TFAx CaseL

Fig. 3.32: (a) Splice tray. (b) Inside of the splice tray, with the splice holder properly

positioned.

68 User Manual

Case-L remote unit and the fiberoptics cables which go to the local units. House the optical splices inside the splice holder. Close the splice tray. During these operations, please take care not to bend the fibres too much. Mount the splice tray beside the remote unit. 5 -Turn the key which is provided in order to open the connector cover, and remove the connector cover as in fig. 3.33e. If you need to use the Remote Unit to control alarms on external devices, please refer to fig. 3.30 and to the section “external alarms” in order to perform a proper cabling of the external alarms connections. 6 - Loosen the four screws fixing the cover (fig. 3.33f), and take the cover off. Unscrew the three screws indicated in fig. 3.33g, and open the unit (3.33h). 7 - Connect the antenna RF cable to the RF antenna port (refer to fig. 3.33i). In order to meet the IP65 compliance, please follow this procedure to carry out the optical UL / DL connections. During these operations, take care not to bend the fibers too much. • Take off the PG13,5 Nut, the split-seal, the PG 13,5, and the pipe

connection. • Make the optical patchcord pass through the PG 13,5 nut, the PG 13,5 and

the pipe connection. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors to the corresponding UL and DL adapters the unit.

• Screw the pipe connection to the unit. Fasten the PG 13,5 to the pipe connection.

• House the fiber optic cables (Ul and DL) on one half of the split-seal. • Close the two halves of the split-seal, while paying attention not to stretch

the fibers. • Insert the split-seal inside the PG13,5. Screw the PG 13,5 nut onto the PG

13,5. 8 - Connect the Power cable to the power connector. In case the power cable has been connected to the mains, both the green and the red LEDs should turn on. The green LED will remain on to indicate that the unit is powered on, while the RED led will turn off as soon as the local unit will be switched on (for further details about the start-up of the whole system, please refer to the section ”TFAx Case L start-up”). 9 - Close the cover, and fasten the 3 screws indicated in fig. 3.33g. Fasten the 4 screws indicated in fig. 3.33f. Mount both the external cover and the connector cover. Turn the key to close the connector cover. TFAx Case-L start-up Before the Case-L remote unit is switched on, make sure that: • the modules hosted in the master unit have been connected each other

with RF jumpers, according to the system design • every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to its remote units • each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas

TFAx CaseL

69MN024-08

For a correct system start-up, all the remote units have to be switched on before the master unit. Once the Case-L Remote Unit has been switched on, its behaviour could be checked by turning the key, removing the connector cover, and looking at the control LEDs. When the system starts-up, their status can be summarised as per the following steps.

1. When the remote unit is turned on, both the LEDs turn on for a couple of seconds.

2. After that, the unit green LED remains on (thus indicating proper power supply), while the red LED switches off as soon as the TFLN master unit is turned on (meaning that DL optical power is OK and no alarms are present).

3. Once the TFLN master unit has been switched on, the status of both LEDs have to be the one reported in table 3.7 In case the red LED remains on, please refer to the troubleshooting section.

4. Once it has been switched on, the remote unit starts working correctly. Anyway, in order to be recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary for the corresponding TFLN master optical TRX to carry out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase, (whose duration depends on the system complexity, and which can last at max. 4min) the TFLN LED blinks. Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in no identification of the remote unit.

Note: if then discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information).

TFAx Case-L troubleshooting Faults can be revealed by LEDs on the Case L front panel as well as by the LMT software or the TSUN supervision system. Both the LMT software and the TSUN supervision interface provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when the failure detection is directly carried out through the LMT software or the supervision system. Britecell Plus modules are designed in order to exchange information each other: each remote unit can receive failure notifications from their external equipment through dry-contact connections. Moreover, each TFAx constantly monitors the optical signal received from its TFLN unit, so as to control optical losses. Table 3.8 shows a brief description of the alarms related to a Case L remote unit, with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs and to the actions to be carried out in the case of a fault.

TFAx CaseL

70 User Manual

TFAx CaseL

Fig. 3.33 (a): Side plates to be taken down from the case L remote unit

150

356,50

Fig. 3.33 (b): Layout for the installation of the case L remote unit plates

71MN024-08

TFAx CaseL

1

1

2

Fig. 3.33 (c): When fastening the upper screws (1), leave the space required in order to hang the case (2) to the plates which have just been fixed to the wall

Fig. 3.33 (d): After hanging the case to the plates fixed to the walls, fasten the lower screws.

Fig. 3.33 (e): Open the connector cover

72 User Manual

TFAx CaseL

Fig. 3.33 (f): loosen the four screws and remove the external cover

Fig. 3.33 (g): after removing the external cover, loosen the three screws

Fig. 3.33 (h): open the cover of TFAx Case-L

Split-seal

PG13,5-Nut

PG13,5

pipe connection Optical DL

Optical UL

Fig. 3.33 (i): Detail of theUL / DL optical connections meeting IP65 requirements.

73MN024-08

ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL ACTION

RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

DL optical power

The DL received optical power is too low and can no more be compensated by AGC 1


MAJOR

AGC out of range

The DL received optical power experiences a loss > 3dB, which nevertheless can still be compensated 1




MAJOR



MAJOR

Power supply alarm


RED MAJOR


MAJOR

Internal BUS alarm



Temperature alarm



DL UMTS band alarm

HW failure on the DL UMTS band RF section


As table shows, not all the alarms are revealed by the LEDs placed on the remote unit control panel: in fact, LEDs reveal only major alarms (i.e., the high priority ones), whereas the minor alarms (i.e., the low priority ones) are revealed only by the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision system. The minor alarms usually detect critical situations which should be checked so as to avoid future possible system faults. 1Note: Each remote unit is provided with an AGC system which comes in after the optical-to-RF conversion. This AGC can correctly compensate optical losses when these are estimated to be <3 dB. In case optical losses are in the 3dB- 4dB range, the AGC is said to be “out of range”: the whole system still work, but AGC is near to its borderline levels. The DL power LED switches on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more. As shown in the previous table, the same red LED switches on to reveal any major failure. Following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter it is possible to better understand what problem occurred. Quick troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.34a) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps:

TFAx CaseL

Table 3.8: Description of the alarms of the TFAN Case-B Remote Unit, as they are presented on LMT or Supervision Interface

74 User Manual

5. First of all, refer to external alarm troubleshooting in order to understand whether the alarm can depend on any external equipment failure or not.

6. In case external alarm troubleshooting has not revealed any failure, clean the optical adapters

7. If the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic DL troubleshooting to check if optical cables or optical connections have any problem on DL path.

8. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off replace the unit with a new one or contact for assistance.

External-alarm troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.34b) This procedure needs to be considered if at least one external alarm terminal is connected to some external equipment (see section “external alarms”). If not, return to main troubleshooting procedure. These steps aim to detect any failure inside the external equipment or inside the external alarm terminal. If the external alarm terminals don’t reveal any equipment malfunction or any terminal failure, return to the main troubleshooting procedure. For any external alarm terminal connected to some external equipment, follow these steps:

4. Disconnect it, and check the TFAx LED status after the disconnection. 5. If the red LED has switched off, external equipment connected to the

alarm terminal should be faulty. Please test it. 6. If the TFAx red LED still remains on after the disconnection, measure the

voltage between the poles of the alarm terminal. c. If the poles of the alarm terminal are electrically closed, the circuit

board should have any problem. Contact the manufacturer for assistance.

d. If the poles of the alarm terminal are open, this means neither the analysis of this alarm terminal nor the one of its external equipment has revealed any failure. Re-connect this alarm terminal to its external equipment. In case the TFAx has another alarm terminal connected to some external equipment and still to be checked, apply the whole procedure (i.e,, the steps 1-3) to this still unchecked terminal.

Fibre optic DL troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.34c)

1. Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If TFLN red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out. Otherwise, follow next steps.


3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it better at both ends then clean the SC-APC ports on both the TFLN and the remote unit. Re-connect the

TFAx CaseL

75MN024-08

fibre to relevant ports after cleaning. If it doesn’t made TFLN red LED switch off, follow next steps.

4. Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from remote unit DL port, and measure the output power POUT(DL) at the corresponding fibre end. Then, go to the TFLN side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN DL port and measure the input power PIN(DL) coming out of the TFLN DL port. Calculate the DL fibre attenuation ADL as ADL [dB] = PIN(DL) – POUT(DL) c. If ADL > 4dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it

with a new one. d. If ADL < 4dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem.

Refer to supervision system or contact assistance.

TFAx CaseL

Fig. 3.34a: Flow-chart describing the quick troubleshooting procedure on Case LTFAx


TFAx?

No

Yes

Yes

No

Verify if any external equipment or any external alarm terminal has some problems. Refer to

external alarm troubleshooting (fig.3.34b)


connectors

No

Yes

end





76 User Manual

TFAx CaseL

Picture. 3.34b: Flow-chart describing the external alarm troubleshooting on Case L TFAx

start

Is any external alarm

terminal connected to some equipment?

No

Yes

Disconnect the external alarm

terminal


No External equipment

connected to this external alarm terminal should be faulty. Test it.

Yes

Measure voltage between the two poles of this external alarm terminal

Is terminal electrically closed?

The circuit board should have some problems. Contact the manufacturer

for assistance.

Yes

The analisys on this alarm terminal and its external

equipment has not revealed any failure.

Re-connect this alarm terminal to its external equipment.

Is the other external alarm

terminal connected to some equipment?

No

Yes

No

end

77MN024-08

TFAx CaseL

Fig. 3.34c: Flow-chart describing the fibre optic DL troubleshooting

start



curvature?


Is the red LED upon the TFAx

still ON?




Yes

No

No Yes

NoYes

No

Yes











end

No Yes

No

Yes

is the red LED upon TFAx

still ON?


Go to TFLN side.

78 User Manual

TFAx CaseL

79MN024-08

3.5. Case F remote unit

Dimensions and Weight Dimensions: mm. 564 x 255 x 167 (inches 21.5 x 10 x 8.1) Weight: please refer to the Britecell

Plus bulletin PA-100595EN or to the remote unit dedicated bulletin in order to know the updated data about the weight of your case-F remote unit.

TFAx CaseF

Fig. 3.35: (a) Case F remote unit ; (b) connection panel of the Case F remote unit

Module name:

Remote Unit TFAH

Case F

(b)

GREEN LED = power on

RED LED = major alarm

DL aux RF port

UL aux RF port

RF antenna port

DL optical port UL optical port Power supply

(a)

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RF ports:

Optical ports: Visual alarms: Two control LEDs are provided on the Case-F upper side (fig. 3.36). The green LED describes the power supply status, while the red LED describes the major Remote Unit failures (fig. 3.9).

External alarms Case F architecture does not provide any external alarms control. Power supply: Case-F remote Unit is available in two versions: one feeded by universal mains (85 to 265 Vac), the other by negative power supply (-72 to -36 Vdc): in figure 3.37, the 85/220 Vac connector and the -72/-36 Vdc connector are described. Power feeder is always internal. The power cable is always included in the Case-F remote unit kit.

TFAx CaseF

Led colour Meaning



Table 3.9: summary of Case F LEDs meaning

• 1 RF antenna port, transmitting/receiving signals to/from distributed antennas. This RF antenna port is a duplexed N-female connectors. The port can be connected to the antenna either directly (ie. through RF jumper cables) or through splitters, thus allowing more antennas to be fed.

• 1 RF auxiliary input and 1 RF auxiliary output (designed to receive and transmit additional signals). Auxiliary input and output ports are SMA-female connectors.

• 1 optical output port, transmitting UL signals to TFLN master optical TRX;

• 1 optical input port, receiving DL signals from TFLN master optical TRX.

Fig. 3.36 : LED panel on the Case F warm side

81MN024-08

Warnings (to be read before remote units are installed) Dealing with optical output ports The Case-F remote unit contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on. Choosing a proper installation site for the remote units • Case-F remote units have to be installed as close as possible to the

radiating antennas, in order to minimize coaxial cable length, thus reducing downlink power loss and uplink noise figure.

• When positioning the Case-F remote unit, pay attention that the placing of related antennas should be decided in order to minimize the Minimum Coupling Loss (MLC), so as to avoid blocking.

• The Case-F remote unit is intended to be fixed on walls or other flat vertical surfaces.







TFAx CaseF

Figure 3.37 : (a) 85/264 Vac and (b) -36/-72 Vdc connectors on a Case-F Remote Unit

(a) 85/264Vac Connector PE: ground 1: N 2: L

PE 1 2

4 6

(b) -36/-72Vdc Connector4: 0V 6: -48V

82 User Manual

TFAx Case-F installation Each case-F Remote Unit kit includes: • 1 Case-F Remote Unit; • 1 power supply cable (85 to 264 Vac or -48Vdc, depending on the power

supply which has been chosen); • 1 pair of mounting plates; • 1 screw kit, including four hexagonal-head screws and a torque key. The operations which need to be carried out in order to perform a proper installation of the Case-F Remote Unit are hereby described: 1- Drill the wall to install four M8 screws anchors (not included) as indicated by the installation drawing shown in fig. 3.39a. Fix the two mounting plates to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors. 2 –Take two of the hexagonal-head screws included in the kit, and fasten them at the top of the case-F unit (fig. 3.39b, step “1”) by using the torque key: while fastening the screws, take care to leave the space required to hang the case-F to the plates (fig. 3.39b, step “2”).. Fasten the screws further only after hanging the case-F. Then take the other two hexagonal screws (included) and use them to fasten the bottom sides of the unit to the bottom side of the plates (fig. 3.39b, step “3”). 3 – Fix a splice holder (not included) inside the proper splice tray (not included, fig. 3.38). Makes the splices between the fiberoptics patchcords coming from the Case-F remote unit and the fiberoptics cables which go to the local units. House the optical splices inside the splice holder. Close the splice tray. During these operations, please take care not to bend the fibres too much. Fix the splice tray inside a splice box (not included), and mount the splice box beside the remote unit. 4 - Use the torque key in order to loose the four screws fixing the cover (fig. 3.39c), and open the unit. Connect the antenna RF cable to the RF antenna port. Connect the UL and DL optical connectors to the corresponding UL and DL adapters on the unit. Connect the Power cable to the power connector. In case the power cable has been connected to the mains, both the green and the red LEDs should turn on. The green LED will remain on to indicate that the unit is powered on, while the RED led will turn off as soon as the local unit will be switched on (for further details about the start-up of the whole system, please refer to the section ”TFAx

TFAx CaseF

Fig. 3.38: (a) Splice tray. (b) Inside of the splice tray, with the splice holder properly

positioned.

(a)

(b)

83MN024-08

Case F start-up”). 5 - Close the unit, and fasten the 4 screws indicated in fig. 3.39c by using the torque key. TFAx Case F start-up Before the Case-F remote unit is switched on, make sure that: • the modules hosted in the master unit have been connected each other

with RF jumpers, according to the system design • every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to its remote units • each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas For a correct system start-up, all the remote units have to be switched on before the master unit. Once the Case-F Remote Unit has been switched on, its behaviour could be checked by unscrewing the four hexagonal screws (see fig on the sides of the case-F), removing the cover, and looking at the control LEDs. When the system starts-up, their status can be summarised as per the following steps.

1. When the remote unit is turned on, both the LEDs turn on for a couple of seconds.

2. After that, the unit green LED remains on (thus indicating proper power supply), while the red LED switches off as soon as the TFLN master unit is turned on (meaning that DL optical power is OK and no alarms are present).

3. Once the TFLN master unit has been switched on, the status of both LEDs have to be the one reported in table 3.9. If the red LED remains on, please refer to the troubleshooting section.

4. Once it has been switched on, the remote unit starts working correctly. Anyway, in order to be recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary for the corresponding TFLN master optical TRX to carry out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase, (whose duration depends on the system complexity, and which can last at max. 4min) the TFLN LED blinks. Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in no identification of the remote unit.

Note: if then discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information).

TFAx CaseF

84 User Manual

TFAx CaseF

Fig. 3.39 (a) : layout for the installation of the Case F plates

Fig. 3.39 (b) : while fastening the two hexagonal screws to the top of the case (step “2”), take care to leave the space required to hang the case to the plates (step “2”) Then fasten the other two hexagonal screws to the bottom of the case (step “3”)

1

1

2

3

3

85MN024-08

TFAx CaseF

RF antenna port

DL optical port UL optical port

Power supply

Fig. 3.39 (c) : loose the four screws fixing the cover and open the unit

Fig. 3.39 (d) : power supply, optical and RF connections on the TFAx Case F

86 User Manual

TFAx Case F troubleshooting Faults can be revealed by LEDs on the Remote Unit (RU) front panel as well as by LMT or supervision system (running on the remote supervision unit) Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when the failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or supervision system. Britecell Plus modules are designed in order to exchange information each other: each RU constantly monitors the optical signal received from its TFLN unit, so as to control optical losses. Table 3.8 shows a brief description of the alarms related to a Case L remote unit, with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs and to the actions to be carried out in the case of a fault.

As table shows, not all the alarms are revealed by the LEDs placed on the remote unit control panel: in fact, LEDs reveal only major alarms (i.e., the high priority ones), whereas the minor alarms (i.e., the low priority ones) are revealed only by the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision system. The minor alarms usually detect critical situations which should be checked so as to avoid future possible system faults. 1Note:

TFAx CaseF

ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDE

D

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

DL optical power

The DL received optical power is too low and can no more be compensated by AGC 1


MAJOR

AGC out of range

The DL received optical power experiences a loss > 3dB, which nevertheless can still be compensated 1


DL low band alarm (not implemented on TFAH 19)

HW failure on the DL RF low band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

DL high band alarm (not implemented on TFAH 80 and TFAH 85)

HW failure on the UL RF low band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

Power supply alarm UPS HW failure or malfunction. RF is turned OFF

RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Internal BUS alarm



Temperature alarm Over-temperature alarm NONE MINOR Check ventilation


Table 3.10. Description of the alarmi of the TFAx Case F Remote Unit, as they are presented on LMT or Supervision Interface

87MN024-08

Each remote unit is provided with an AGC system which comes in after the optical-to-RF conversion. This AGC can correctly compensate optical losses when these are estimated to be <3 dB. In case optical losses are in the 3dB- 4dB range, the AGC is said to be “out of range”: the whole system still work, but AGC is near to its borderline levels. The DL power LED switches on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more. As shown in the previous table, the same red LED switches on to reveal any major failure. Following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter it is possible to better understand what problem occurred. Quick troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.40a) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps: 1. First of all, clean the optical adapters 2. If the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic DL troubleshooting to


new one or contact for assistance. Fibre optic DL troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 3.40b) 1. Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of

curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If TFLN red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out. Otherwise, follow next steps.



4. Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from remote unit DL port, and measure the output power POUT(DL) at the corresponding fibre end. Then, go to the TFLN side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN DL port and measure the input power PIN(DL) coming out of the TFLN DL port. Calculate the DL fibre attenuation ADL as ADL [dB] = PIN(DL) – POUT(DL)

a. If ADL > 4dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it with a new one.

b. If ADL < 4dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to supervision system or contact assistance.

TFAx CaseF

88 User Manual

TFAx CaseF

Picture. 3.40(a): Flow-chart describing the quick troubleshooting procedure on Case F TFAx

start

Is the red LED ON

upon the TFAx?

Yes

No


connectors

No

Yes

end


still ON?



89MN024-08

TFAx CaseF

Fig. 3.40(b): Flow-chart describing the fibre optic DL troubleshooting

start



curvature?



still ON?




Yes

No

No Yes

NoYes

No

Yes











end

No Yes

No

Yes


still ON?


still ON?

Go to TFLN side.

90 User Manual

3.6. Wi-Fi Booster TFBWx

TFBW

91MN024-08

Description Britecell Plus system allows to distribute the WLAN services (802.11b and g) through the auxiliary channels of the remote units, while concentrating all the Access Points together with the Master Unit. The TFBW booster has to be connected to the remote unit auxiliary ports and to a pair of WLAN dedicated antennas (one transmitting and the other one receiving). Moreover, an additional Wi-Fi booster (slave TFBW) can be cascaded to the first one (master TFBW) so as to obtain a larger WLAN coverage. RF ports • 1 DL RF auxiliary input port for the signal from TFLN • 1 DL RF auxiliary output port for the signal to a TFBW slave • 1 TX antenna port • 1 UL RF auxiliary input port for the signal from a TFBW slave • 1 UL RF auxiliary output port for the signal to TFLN • 1 RX antenna port boosters.

TFBW

Module name:

Wi-Fi booster TFBWx

MASTER/SLAVEdip-switch

Power supply

DL RF port (N-f), connected to a TFAx

or to the master TFBW

UL RF port (N-f), connected to a TFAx

or to the master TFBW

DL AUX UL AUX alarm output port

RX antenna (N-f) RX antenna (N-f) TX antenna (N-f)

Fig. 3. 41 (a). TFBW booster: Front view

Fig. 3. 41 (b). TFBW booster: back view

92 User Manual

Dimensions and weights Dimensions: mm 38 x 240 x 200 (inches 1.5 x 9.4 x 7.9) Weight: please refer to Bulletin PA-100596EN in order to know the updated data about the TFBW weight. Visual alarms: Two control LEDs are provided on the TFBW front side (fig.3.42). The green LED describes the power supply status, while the red LED describes the major booster failures.

Dry contact alarms: TFBW is provided with an alarm output port (fig. 3.41), which can be connected to one of the dry-contacts ports available on TFAx remote units. When a TFBW booster is been connected to the relevant TFAx remote unit through dry-contact ports, any major alarm affecting the TFBW booster will be conveyed to the remote unit itself, and signalled by the red LED both on the TFBW warm side (fig. 3.42), and on the TFAx remote unit. Moreover, the LMT software and the TSUN supervision interface (please refer to TFBW troubleshhoting) will consider any TFBW major alarm as an external alarm of the TFAx remote unit the TFBW booster is connected to. Power supply: TFBW WLAN booster is available both in a universal mains version (85 to 265 Vac powered: fig. 3.43a) and in a negative supply version (-72 to -36 Vdc powered: fig. 3.43b). The power consumption of each TFWB module is 16W max.

TFBW

GREEN LED: power on RED LED: major alarm

Fig. 3.42: LED alarms on the TFBW warm side

93MN024-08

Warnings (to be read before the TFBW booster is installed) Choosing a proper installation site for the WLAN booster • WLAN boosters are to be installed as close as possible to the radiating

antennas, in order to minimize coaxial cable length. • When positioning the TFBW booster, consider that the position of the

related antennas should guarantee at least a 50dB isolation between the antennas and the booster itself

• The TFBW booster is intended to be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces

TFBW installation and start-up The TFBW booster can be fixed on walls, false ceilings or other flat vertical surfaces, either directly or through a TKA01 installation kit (optional). Installing a TFBW booster WITHOUT the TKA01 kit The TFBW kit includes: • 1 TFBW booster • 2 50Ω SMA loads • 2 RF jumpers (SMA-m; N-m), 1m-long • 1 alarm cable, 1m-long • mains plug or -48 Vdc plug (according to the chosen model). To install the TFBW booster, please follow the next steps:

1. drill into the wall so as to install four M4 screw anchors (not included) according to the dimensions indicated by the installation drawing in fig. 3.45a.

2. fix the TFBW booster to the wall by firmly screwing the anchors.

3. connect the RF cables according to what planned by the designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to the relevant ports.

TFBW

Fig. 3.43 : (a) IEC connector on the rear side of a 220Vac-powered TFBW booster. (b) 4-pole connector on the rear side of a -48 Vdc -powered TFBW

(a) (b)

94 User Manual

4. connect the TFBW to the power supply. If the TFBW booster works properly, both the green and the red LEDs should turn on for a while and then switch off. If the LED red does not switches off, please contact the manufacturer.

After installing the booster, please refer to the section TFBW booster start-up in order to start-up the system properly.

Installing a TFBW booster WITH the TKA01 kit The TFBW kit includes:


Once you have chosen the position where the TKA01 mounting case is going to be mounted, please follow these instructions: 1. Unscrew the 4 screws which lock the lower cover of the TKA01 wall

bearing (see fig. 3.46a) 2. In order to install the M4 screw anchors (included) which shall hold up the

TKA01 wall bearing, drill into the wall according to the TKA layout shown in fig. 3.45b.

3. Fix the TKA01 wall bearing by firmly screwing the anchors. 4. Fix the TFBW booster to the wall bearing by using the included screws

(fig. 3.46b). 5. Connect the RF cables coming from the transmitting and the receiving

antennas to the proper RF antenna ports (fig. 3.41b). Connect the UL and DL RF ports (fig.3.41a, 3.46c). If the TFBW booster works as a master unit and supports a slave one, connect also the DL and UL AUX ports.

6. Connect the alarm output port (fig. 3.41a) if you want the major alarms on the TFBW booster could be checked through the relevant remote unit

TFBW

Fig. 3.44: The TKA01 installation kit

1. a TFBW booster 2. a 50 Ω load 3. a VDE connector or a -48 Vdc plug (according

to the chosen model)



C. A wall mounting boc D. a splice holder (pleased note that

this standard TKA01 accessory is not used for mounting the TFBW booster, since it has no optical

95MN024-08

and controlled through the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision interface.

7. If the booster -48 Vdc powered (fig., use the -48 Vdc plug (included) in order to connect the unit to the -48 Vdc mains. If the booster is 85/264 Vac-powered, fix the 85/264 Vac plug (included) on to a power cord (not included), and use this cable in order to connect the unit to the mains. If the TFBW booster works properly, both the green and the red LEDs should turn on for a while and then switch off. If the LED red does not switches off, please contact the manufacturer.

Fix the lower cover by fastening the 4 screws (fig.3.12f).

TFBW booster troubleshooting The red LED on the TFBW warm side (fig. 3.45) reveals a power amplifier bias fault. If such a fault occurs, the alert notification is signalled also by the switching on of the red LED on the relevant TFAx remote unit, provided that the TFBW alarm output port has been properly connected to the TFAx external alarm connector (fig. 3.46). If controlled through the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision interface, the TFBW power amplifier fault appears as an external alarm of the TFAx remote unit to which its alarm output port is connected. Please refer to the LMT or to the TSUN supervision manual for further details. When the TFBW power amplifier fault is signalled by the red LED on the TFBW booster and on its relevant remote unit, or by the LMT software or the TSUN interface, please contact the manufacturer.

TFBW

96 User Manual

TFBW

Fig. 3.45 (a): Layout of the TFBW booster, with wall anchor quotes

97MN024-08

TFBW

Fig. 3.45 (b): Layout of the TKA01 wall bearing, with wall anchor quotes

98 User Manual

TFBW

(a) (b)

Fig. 3.46: Mounting the TFBW booster with a TKA01 installation kit.

(d)(c)

99MN024-08

100 User Manual

4. Fast Master Unit

TFLF

101MN024-08

Main tasks carried out by the TFLF module Downlink (DL):

Power level adjustment (ALC) RF-to-optical conversion of the input RF signal Optical splitting: input RF signal is split onto 4 optical outputs

Uplink (UL): Uplink Gain adjustment (0 to 20dB, 5dB step) Optical-to-RF conversion of the 4 input optical signals Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of each converted signal to compensate optical losses

RF combining of the 4 adjusted signals into a single RF path then they are filtered and duplexed into the RF port.

RF ports:

1 Duplexed DL/UL RF port

Note: The maximum input levels at RF ports is +27dBm (please refer to datasheet for further information), as well as the UL path may require a power adjustment to fill within the BTS receiving range (use the built-in adjustable attenuator). Optical ports

4 DL optical output ports (SC/APC)

4 UL optical input ports (SC/APC)

TFLF

Power Supply Switch

Power Supply Connector (-48Vdc)

Alarm Contacts

Optical UL and DL Connectors to Remote Units

DL/UL RF Port to BTS

Remote Unit Power Supply Connectors

Master Unit alarm and

status LEDs

UL Step Attenuator

Store ButtonRemote Units

alarm and link status LEDs

Fig. 4.1 Fast Remote Unit

Module name:

Fast remote unit TFLF

102 User Manual

Dimensions and Weight Dimensions: mm 240 x 200 x 36 (inches 9.5 x 7.9 x 1.4) Weight: please refer to Britecell Plus Bulletin PA-100595EN in order to know the updated data about the TFBW weight TFLF visual alarms The TFLF is provided with 6 LEDs (see on the right) showing status and alarm information. LEDs meaning is reported on the rightward table. Note: In case the four TFLF optical ports are not all connected to Remote Units, the unused ports must be properly masked, through the STORE button, at commissioning to avoid spurious alarms

TFLF

Label LED colour Meaning PWR ON Green Power Supply status OK

LU Red

General TFLF failure, it can be: - DL optical power fail - UL or DL amplifier failure - Temperature alarm

RU1 Red

From Remote Unit 1 it monitors: - UL or DL AGC out of range (flashing) - UL or DL optical power fail - DL amplifier failure - External alarm 1 - External alarm 2

RU2 Red

From Remote Unit 2 it monitors: - UL or DL AGC out of range (flashing) - UL or DL optical power fail - DL amplifier failure - External alarm 1 External alarm 2

RU3 Red


RU4 Red


Fig. 4.2 The 6 LEDs on the warm side of the Fast Remote Unit

Table 4.1: Summary of TFLF

LED meaning

103MN024-08

Dry contact alarms: TFLF is also provided with dry contacts outputs (connectable through .062” MOLEX plugs) to report alarm condition to third party equipment (i.e. BTS or repeater). The dry contact status is reported in the table rightwards. Note: in case of power supply failure the system is not powered and the dry contacts will be automatically driven to a “closed” condition.

UL Attenuation Adjustment: The TFLF is designed to be compatible with most pico/micro BTSs. It is also provided with an internal adjustable attenuator for the UL path allowing 20dB attenuation range, 5dB step. Suggested settings are reported in the table 4.3. To adjust the value a flat screwdriver can be used as per the picture 4.2. TFLF power supply Each TFLF Fast Master Unit requires -48Vdc power supply.

Alarm Condition Contact Position None Open Minor Open Major Closed

TFLF

Composite Input Power External Attenuator UL Adjustable Attenuator Setting +37dBm 20dB (5W average) 0dB (Position nr. 0)

+33dBm 20dB (2W average) 0dB (Position nr. 0) +24dBm 10dB 10dB (Position nr. 2) +20dBm 5dB 15dB (Position nr. 3) +14dBm 0dB 20dB (Position nr. 4) +13dBm 0dB 20dB (Position nr. 4)

Tab. 4.2: TFLF dry-contact meaning

Fig. 4.3: Uplink Attenuator

Tab. 4.3: TFLF UL attenuation suggested values

104 User Manual

The power consumption of each TFLF is 10W. An optional external adapter 220Vac to -48Vdc is available. The TFLF also provide connections for the distribution of the -48Vdc to the Remote Units by means of composite cable. Each supply port is protected against overloads, short and surge with a self recovery fuse and surge protection. The power switch will disconnect the remote unit power supply in case of overcurrent. The power consumption of each TFLF with 4 Remote Units is lower than 80W. Warnings (to be read before the TFLF installation) Dealing with optical output ports • The TFLF Fast Master Unit contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser

beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.


that the optical fibre is not damaged. Optical fibres have to be single-mode (SM) 9.5/125µm.

• Typically, Britecell Plus equipment is provided with SC-APC optical connectors. Inserting any other connector will result in severe damages.

• Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5 cm.

• Remove adapter caps only just before making connections. Do not leave SC-APC adapters open, as they attract dust. Unused SC-APC adapters must always be covered with their caps.

• Do not touch the adapter tip. Clean it with a proper tissue before inserting each connector into the sleeve. In case adapter tips need to be better cleaned, use pure ethyl alcohol

TFLF cautions • The TFLF modules must be handled with care in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices. • Take care to meet expected requirements on RF ports. An external fixed

attenuator could be necessary when the power coming from the BTS exceeds the required levels to avoid damages in circuitry or increase of spurious emissions.

TFLF

105MN024-08

TFLF installation

First of all fix the Fast Master Unit to the wall by means of four screws (see fig. 4.5 for wall anchor quotes). Vertical position is suggested for ease thermal dissipation.

Verify that the composite cable has been laid and already properly connectorised. Two preconnectorised fibre optic cables and a power supply cable with 4-pole connector should be ready for connection to each Remote Unit and to each port of the TFLF. Remove the caps from the optical connectors and connect the connectorised fibre optic cables to the optical ports of the unit. Then connect the previously connectorised copper cable to the proper power plug for each Remote Unit.

Verify the output power of the BTS or repeater which is going to be connected and check if external attenuation is required then set the UL attenuation through a flat screw driver (refer to the table reported in the relevant section)

Apply the ferrite to the power supply cable. Connect the provided patchcord to the -48Vdc power supply and insert the connector into the TFLF power plug. Then switch one the unit by means of the ON/OFF power switch. Note: if 220Vac power supply is available on site, use the suitable

optional adapter.

As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the TFLF Start-Up section.

TFLF

Fig. 4.4

Fig. 4.4

Fig. 4.4

106 User Manual

TFLF start-up Before the TFLF Master Unit is switched on, make sure that: • every Remote Unit has been connected to relevant port of the Master Unit • each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas After that, remember that only when all the remote units are already on, the Master Unit itself can be turned on. Once the Master Unit has been switched on, the following steps have to be followed:

1. Wait until the communication between TFLF and Remote Units is established and alarms related to unused ports arise.

2. Verify that all used ports don’t have any active alarm. In case an

alarm is present follow the troubleshooting procedure.

3. Press the STORE button for at least 5sec. (all TFLF LEDs will flash for 3sec.) in order to mask unused ports.

Removing the TFLF Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove the power cable. Remove the SC-APC optical connectors and insert the protection caps into TFLF optical ports. Then: • unscrew the 4 screws and remove the unit • put the removed TFLF unit in its safety box TFLF troubleshooting

In case a TFLF Fast Master Unit has any problem, this will be easily revealed through LEDs which reveals not only failures of the TFLF itself but also malfunctions located on related remote units.

ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED

SUPERVISION

PRIORITY LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)


TFLF DL optical power from the laser is too low

LU MAJOR Return the unit CLOSED

DL RF alarm DL RF amplifier LU MAJOR Return the unit CLOSED

UL RF alarm UL RF amplifier LU MAJOR Return the unit CLOSED

Temperature alarm

Over-temperature alarm LU (flashing) MINOR Check ventilation

and environment OPEN

Power supply alarm Power supply fault LU

(PWR ON off) MAJOR Return the unit CLOSED

UL1 optical power fail

TFLF UL1 optical power is too low

RU1 MAJOR Check for fibre or splice stresses and CLOSED

TFLF

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UL2 optical power is too low RU2 MAJOR CLOSED


UL3 optical power is too low RU3 MAJOR CLOSED


UL4 optical power is too low RU4 MAJOR

clean the optical connectors. If the

alarm still persists it reveals a laser fault

so return the unit CLOSED

DL1 optical power fail

DL1 optical power is too low RU1 MAJOR CLOSED






DL4 optical power is too low RU4 MAJOR

Check for fibre or splice stresses and

clean the optical connectors. If alarm

still persists it reveals a laser fault

so return the unit CLOSED

UL1 AGC out of range

The optical power received on UL1 is too low and can’t no more be compensated

RU1 MINOR (flashing) OPEN









RU4 MINOR (flashing)




so return the unit

OPEN

DL1 AGC out of range











RU4 MINOR (flashing)




so return the unit

OPEN

DL1 RF alarm DL1 RF amplifier RU1 MAJOR Return the unit CLOSED




RU1 External 1 alarm

External 1 alarm from RU1 RU1 MAJOR

Check the external device connected to external 1 and the RU1 dry-contact

functionality

CLOSED




functionality

CLOSED




functionality

CLOSED



Check the external device connected to external 1 and the

CLOSED

108 User Manual

RU4 dry-contact functionality




functionality

CLOSED




functionality

CLOSED




functionality

CLOSED




functionality

CLOSED

The previous table reports a brief description of the TFLF alarms, together with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs. As the table shows, all major alarms are signalled also closing the dry contacts available on the TFLF allowing sending this information to any external equipment (i.e. BTS or repeater) One of the LEDs RU1, 2, 3, 4 might turn on not only to indicate a high optical loss detected by the TFLF, but also to reveal a remote unit failure. Understanding the reason why one of this LEDs is on (a remote unit failure, an optical cable fault or an external equipment malfunction) can be done following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter. Quick troubleshooting procedure (The following troubleshooting procedure is summarised by the flow-chart in fig. 4.7a)

1. In case the TFLF general alarm (LED LU) is on replace the faulty TFLF master unit with a new one and contact the manufacturer for assistance.

2. In case one of the LEDs RU1, 2, 3 or 4 is on, the corresponding TFLF adapter might be dirty. Try cleaning it using pure ethyl alcohol. If the LED is still on go to the corresponding remote unit side and check the red LED upon the warm side:

a. If it is off, the optical cables or the optical connections are supposed to have some problem on UL path. Refer to fibre optic UL troubleshooting for more information (fig. 4.7b).

b. If it is on, refer to remote unit troubleshooting presented in the previous remote unit section

Fiber optic UL troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 4.7b)

1. Check if there is any point where the fibre experiences a small radius of curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If this makes the TFLF LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

TFLF

Tab. 4.4: TFLF alarm description

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2. Check if the SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLF and TFAx ports). If not fix better SC-SPC connectors to relevant adapters. If this makes the TFLF LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLF side and TFAx side) then reconnect the fibre to relevant ports. In case this makes the TFLF LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

4. Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLF UL port, and measure the output power POUT(UL) at corresponding fibre end. Then, go to the TFAx side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFAx UL port and measure the input power PIN(UL) coming out of the TFAx UL port.

5. Calculate the UL fibre attenuation AUL as: AUL [dB] = PIN(UL) – POUT(UL) a. If AUL > 4dB, the fibre optic cable has some problems or cable

path is too long. Replace it. b. If AUL < 4dB, then TFAx remote unit should be faulty. Before

replacing it, contact for assistance

TFLF

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TFLF

Fig. 4.7 (a): Flow-chart describing the quick troubleshooting procedure

start

Which red LED is ON?

RU1, 2, 3 or 4

Replace the faulty TFLF

Clean corresponding SC-APC optical adapter and connector

Yes

Is any red LED ON upon the

TFLF?

No

No

Go to corresponding remote unit side

Verify if any external equipment or dry contact port has some problems Refer to the remote unit dry-contact troubleshooting

No

Yes

Yes UL optical cables or optical connections are supposed to have some problems. Refer to fibre optic UL troubleshooting (fig. 4.7b)

No

Refer to remote unit troubleshooting

Yes

end

Is red LED upon TFLF still ON?

Is red LED upon remote

unit ON?


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TFLF

Fig. 4.7 (b): Flow-chart describing the fibre optic UL troubleshooting

start Is there any small radius of curvature

of the fibre?

Rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends. If necessary replace the optical cable with a longer one.

Is the red LED upon TFLF still

ON?



Fix SC-APC connectors properly to adapters.

Yes

No No Yes

NoYes

No

Yes

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN UL port.

Clean the optical SC-APC ports both on TFLN and TFAx side.

Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it at both ends.

Re-connect the fibre to relevant ports.

Measure the output power at the corresponding fibre end

Measure the input power entering the fibre.

Go to the TFAx side

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector

from TFAx UL port.

Calculate the UL fibre attenuation: AUL[dB]=input power - output power

Is AUL > 4dB? Fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it.

The TFAx remote unit should be faulty. Before replacing it, contact for assistance. end

No Yes

No

Yes


ON?


ON?

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5. Rack-based Master Unit

114 User Manual

5.1. TPRNx4 subrack

TPRN

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Major TPRN features The TPRNx4 is a 19”subrack where all the Britecell Plus plug-in modules can be inserted. Britecell Plus equipment provides a wide variety of these sub-rack models differentiated by power supply. Each one is provided with: • 12 free slots, each with Height=4HE, Width=7TE • Power supply 220 Vac or -48 Vdc • Locally or remotely connectable through:

RS232 serial port RS485 two-wire bus sub-D 15 pin male-connector

• Internal microcontroller for I2CBUS alarm collection • Manual reset button, able to re-initialize both the inserted modules and the

TPRN microcontroller • Manual stand-by button, able to re-initialize the inserted modules, while

keeping the TPRN microcontroller working.

TPRN

Power supply (picture shows 220Vac version)

RS232 port

RS485 ports

sub D 15 connector

buttons

Fig. 5.1: Front view of the TPRN sub-rack with power supply and communication ports on the back

Fig. 5.2: Back view of the TPRN sub-rack with power supply and communication ports on the back

Module name:

Subrack TPRNx4

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TPRN models A brief description of all the available TPRN sub-racks is reported hereinafter. Passive sub-rack (TPRN04) • TPRN04 is a passive sub-rack. It does not provide power supply to any

inserted module, and therefore it is designed to host passive modules only. It can be useful in a multi-sub-rack system, in case the customer decides to put all the active modules in an active sub-rack, to be chosen among the following ones.

220 Vac powered sub-racks (TPRN14 / TPRN24) • TPRN14 is an active sub-rack designed to be fed through 220 Vac

universal mains. Both the connector for 220Vac power supply and the communication ports are placed on the sub-rack rear. The 220 Vac power supply is not redundant (ie, no spare adapter is provided).

• TPRN24 is an active sub-rack designed to be fed through 220 Vac universal mains. Both the connector for 220Vac power and the communication ports are placed on the sub-rack rear, and the 220 Vac power supply is redundant: i.e., a spare adapter guarantees the correct system operations even in case the main 220Vac adapter has a breakdown.

-48Vdc powered sub-rack (TPRN34) • TPRN34 is an active sub-rack designed to be fed through –48 Vdc

negative supply. Both the connector for -48Vdc power supply and the communication ports are placed on the sub-rack rear.

TPRN power supply All the TPRN models refer to one of the following power supplies. Universal mains (85 to 264Vac, 50/60Hz).

This connector is mounted on the TPRN back panel either for the redundant version or the simple one. A ground terminal and a couple of fuses are also included. Fuses have to be replaced in case they fail (when it happens the supervision system detects the failure).

TPRN

Fuses

Fig. 5.3: 85 to 264Vac connector

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-48 Vdc (-72 to -36 Vdc)

This connector is mounted on TPRN back panel. A fuse is provided underneath the –48 Vdc connector, and has to be replaced in case it fails (when it happens the supervision system detects the failure).

Whatever power supply is chosen (85 to 264 Vac or -72 to -36 Vdc) an additional external ground terminal is provided on the TPRN rear (fig. 5.5).

The external power supply (220Vac or -48Vdc) is converted into a +12Vdc voltage allowing feeding the active modules inserted into the TPRN.

TPRN ports

The TPRN sub-rack is provided with a set of I/0 ports which allows the connection to any external device.

RS232 serial port The RS232 serial port can be used to connect the TPRN sub-rack to the remote supervision unit or to a laptop running LMT software. Please note that a standard RS232 cable is needed.

The connection baud rate can be set to 9600bps or 19200bps, by properly setting the dip-switch 5 standing on the interior TPRN backplane (fig. 5.6). The baud rate setting through dip-switch 5 is shown in table 5.1.

TPRN

Fig. 5.4: -72÷-36Vdc connector

Fig. 5.5: ground terminal on the rear

RS485-addressing dip-switches (1-4)

Baud-rate dip-switch (5)

Fig. 5.6: Dip-switches on TPRN backplane.

Fuse

black terminal: 0V blue terminal:-72 to -36Vdc

118 User Manual

Whichever baud rate you choose through dip-switch 5, remember that:

• the same RS232 connection speed must be set up on the remote supervision unit

• the baud rate which is selected through the dip-switch 5 sets the connection speed for both the RS232 port and the RS485 port as the TPRN uses both ports with the same rate.

RS485 port The RS485 port consists of two RJ45 connectors, which can both work as input or output ports towards a RS485 bus.

This RS485 bus has to be used in order to connect a multi sub-rack system to the remote supervision unit. In this case:

• the TPRN sub-racks have to be connected one another via RS485 bus in a daisy chain;

• In order to monitor the whole system, the remote supervision unit has to be connected to one of the TPRN sub-racks through RS232 port.

Before connecting the TPRN sub-racks belonging to a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign an exclusive binary address to each one. This is essential in order to let the supervision system recognize the different master units without any conflict.

The binary address assignment can be done through dip-switches 1,2,3,4, which stand on interior TPRN backplane (see figure 5.6). A list of the correspondences between the addresses and the dip-switches is provided by table 5.2: simply note that dip-switch 1 is the least significant binary digit, while dip-switch 4 is the most significant one.

Address Dip-switch 1 Dip-switch 2 Dip-switch 3 Dip-switch 4

0001 ON OFF OFF OFF 0010 OFF ON OFF OFF 0011 ON ON OFF OFF 0100 OFF OFF ON OFF 0101 ON OFF ON OFF 0110 OFF ON ON OFF 0111 ON ON ON OFF 1000 OFF OFF OFF ON 1001 ON OFF OFF ON 1010 OFF ON OFF ON 1011 ON ON OFF ON 1100 OFF OFF ON ON 1101 ON OFF ON ON 1110 OFF ON ON ON

TPRN

Baud rate [bps] Dip-switch 5 9600 OFF

19200 ON

Table 5.1: Setting RS232 baud rate through dip-switch 5

Table 5.2: Dip-switches address settings

119MN024-08

The baud rate of the RS485 ports is the same of the RS232 port as per the dip-switch 5 setting. Whichever baud rate you choose, remember that:

• the same RS485 connection speed has to be set up on all the connected device (TPRN sub-racks or TSUN remote supervision unit);

• the baud-rate which is selected through the dip-switch 5 sets the connection speed for both the RS485 port and the RS232 port.

Sub-D 15 poles male connector The TPRN sub-rack provides a sub-D 15 poles male connector, shown in fig. 5.7.

PIN Name Meaning

1 Ground It is a ground terminal for digital inputs, i.e. for pin 2, 3, 9, 10.

2 Digital input n.1 (SW assignable)

This port can be used to monitor external equipment status. Once a default working status has been assigned (through supervision system) to this input port, any change is detected as a failure signal.



4 Disconnected pin No meaning

5,6 Summary of major alarms

These pins present an open circuit if a major alarm is active on the TPRN sub-rack or on any module hosted in it.

7,8 Summary of minor alarms

These pins present an open circuit if a minor alarm is active on the TPRN sub-rack or on any module hosted in it.





11 Disconnected pin No meaning

12,13 Digital output n.1 (SW assignable)

These pins are terminals of an output port (output relay 1), which can be driven through the supervision system. The output port can be set to “open” or “close” condition. These 2 statuses can be used to pilot any external device connected to subD-15 connector.

14,15 Digital output n.2 (SW assignable)

These pins are terminals of an output port (output relay 2), which can be driven through the supervision system. The output port can be set to “open” or “close” condition. These 2 statuses can be used to pilot any external device connected to subD-15 connector.

TPRN

PIN 1 PIN 8

PIN 9 PIN 15

Fig. 5.7: sub-D 15 poles male connector

Tab. 5.3: Functional description of pins provided by sub D male connector.

120 User Manual

As highlighted in the previous table, this connector provides: • 4 opto-isolated input ports which can be used to reveal any failure

condition on external equipment. The default status of these input ports can be defined through the supervision system. After that, any change from default status will be revealed as a failure signal.

• a summary of major and minor alarms related to failures detected not only on the TPRN sub-rack, but also on any active modules hosted by the TPRN itself.

• 2 relay output ports, which be can used to drive any external device connected to subD-15 pins adapter. By using the supervision system each of these output ports can set up on “open” or “close” conditions.

A more detailed description of the meaning and functionality of each pin are reported in table 8. The pins are numbered from left to right, and from top to bottom (refer to fig. 18). Note: The TPRN sub-rack uses I2Cbus standard protocol to collect status and alarm information from hosted modules. Thanks to that, the alarm summaries (provided through pins 5-6 and 7-8) report major and minor failures related not only to TPRN sub-rack but also to any hosted module. TPRN alarms A full description of all TPRN alarms is provided by the Supervision system.

The table 4.8 provides a brief description of the TPRN alarms, as they are reported by the LMT software o

ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL ACTION

RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Redundant supply active (only for redundant power supply versions)

Backup power supply activated YELLOW MAJOR Return the unit MINOR

Power Supply alarm

There is a degradation on the power supply provided to the boards


I2CBUS bus error

Internal I2CBUS communication malfunction

YELLOW CRITICAL

Check if the fault is on the unit (see supervision system). If not return the unit

MINOR

Temperature alarm

Over-temperature alarm YELLOW MINOR Check ventilation


Aux input alarm nr0

The device connected to the input alarm port 0 caused an alarm condition

RED CRITICAL Check the status of the connected device

-

Aux input alarm nr1

The device connected to the input alarm port 1 caused an alarm

RED MAJOR Check the status of the connected device

-

TPRN

121MN024-08

condition

Aux input alarm nr2


RED MINOR Check the status of the connected device

-

Aux input alarm nr3


RED WARNING Check the status of the connected device

-

Warning (recommended for system designing and installing) Providing a correct heat dissipation For a correct use of the TPRN sub-rack, it is important to verify that:

• the system is designed in order to put no more than 8 TFLN inside a TPRN sub-rack. This guarantees a proper heating dissipation for the system. In case you want to install more than 8 it is important to provide the sub-rack with a proper ventilation system;

• active and passive modules should be alternated as much as possible inside the TPRN sub-rack avoiding too many active cards being inserted close together;

• in case the system consists of more than one TPRN sub-rack, a minimum distance of 1 HE has to be kept between nearby TPRN sub-racks to ensure proper heat dissipation. The rack containing the TPRN sub-racks has to be large enough to guarantee this correct distance between master units.

Minimizing equipment costs In order to reduce the cost of Britecell Plus equipment, a multi-sub-rack system should be designed according to the following guidelines:

• a passive sub-rack (TPRN04) may be used to house only passive modules;

• an active sub-rack (TPRN14, TPRN24, TPRN34) may be used to sustain all the active modules, and some of the passive ones (as stated above, it is advisable to alternate active and passive cards into an active sub-rack).

TPRN

Tab. 5.4: Description of the alarms of the TPRN subrack

122 User Manual

Setting the dip-switches in a multi sub-rack system If you are installing a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign each sub-rack an exclusive binary address, by properly setting dip-switches 1,2,3,4 on the interior TPRN backplane (see fig. 5.6 and Tab.5.2). Dip-switch 5 has to be set on each TPRN sub-rack in order to fix the baud rate for RS485 and RS232 port. Connecting TPRNs through RS485 port is necessary when supervising the whole multi sub-rack system through the remote supervision unit (to be set at the same baud rate).

TPRN Installation The TPRN kit provides:

• 1 TPRN sub-rack

• 1 suitable power cord

• 1 standard RS232 cable (male-female), 2m

• 1 CD Manual

First of all insert the sub-rack into the cabinet and apply 4 screws (not provided) in order to fix it (fig. 5.8a). To have a correct TPRN installation, distance between the front door of the rack and the front side of the TPRN should be at least 15cm otherwise RF and optical cables can be damaged when cabinet door is closed. Leave at least 1HE distance between two subracks in order to facilitate air circulation. Leave at least a 1HE free space between the bottom or the top of the cabinet and the TPRNs. Connect the ground to the safety ground terminal. Then, connect the power supply connector to the mains.

TPRN

Fig. 5.8(a): At each front-corner the subrack is provided with a

screw in order to be fixed to the

1HE

Fig. 5.8(b): Distance between subracks should be at least 1HE in order to facilitate air circulation

123MN024-08

TPRN Start-up Before switching on the TPRN sub-rack, make sure that:

• all expected modules have been inserted

• the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to what has been planned during system design

• every TFLN contained in the Master Unit has been connected to its TFAx remote units

• each TFAx remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas

• the remote supervision unit (if present) has been connected/housed to/into the Master Unit

• different sub-racks have been connected each other via bus RS485 and each of them have different addresses

• the rack housing the TPRN is large enough to leave a minimum distance of 1HE between contiguous TPRN sub-racks

Remember that TFAx remote units have to be switched on before relevant Master Unit.

Once the TPRN sub-rack has been switched on, the system behaviour can be summarized as per the following steps:

• About 10sec after the TPRN sub-rack has been switched on, all TFLN modules housed in the TPRN itself begin a “discovery” phase in order to identify and collect status of the connected TFAx remote units. While the discovery phase is working (max. 4min. depending on the system complexity) each TFLN general alarm (i.e., LED “”) blinks, whereas the other TFLN LEDs go on showing the detected status.

Do not connect/disconnect any cable or piece of equipment until all TFLN modules have finished the discovery phase. This may result in failing the identification of TFAx. Anyway during the discovery phase, the whole system still works correctly as discovery process aims to collect information about TFAx but without affecting basic system functionalities.

TPRN

Fig. 5.8(c) : Power supply and ground terminals on the rear

side of the TPRN subrack

Power supply

Ground terminal

124 User Manual

• Once the discovery has finished, the general alarm (i.e. the LED “”) on each TFLN panel stops blinking and switches OFF (provided that the TFLN master optical TRX is not affected by a general failure).

TPRN troubleshooting In case a TPRN sub-rack shows any problem a more detailed status and alarm description could be provided through the remote supervision unit.

A complete overview of TPRN alarms is reported in the previous Table 5.4.

The power supply degradation occurs in case the +12Vdc power falls below an in factory set threshold level. In this case, TPRN automatically turns to standby mode so that no over-current gets through the circuitry of hosted modules, thus preserving the system integrity. Once power supply has been repaired, the TPRN needs to be rebooted. In case the TPRN sub-rack is equipped with a redundant power supply (TPRN24), a degradation of the +12 Vdc power results in an automatic switching from main to spare converter. In case also redundant power supply degrades the TPRN automatically turns to stand-by mode. Once the power supply has been repaired the TPRN needs to be rebooted.

I2Cbus alarm occurs when TPRN sub-rack cannot communicate with one or more hosted module. Each TPRN slot is able to automatically detect the presence of a module inside the slot. If the module is detected but TPRN is not able to communicate with it through I2Cbus alarm is activated.

Note: at commissioning remember to mask the unused slots through LMT software (please refer to the relevant manual for more information) to avoid not significant alarm being switched on. In order to carry out a troubleshooting procedure, please check LMT or supervision system handbooks.

TPRN


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126 User Manual

5.2. Master Optical TRX, TFLN

TFLN

127MN024-08

Main tasks carried out by the TFLN module Downlink (DL):

RF-to-optical conversion of the input RF signal

Optical splitting: input RF signal is split onto 4 optical outputs

Uplink (UL):

Optical-to-RF conversion of the 4 input optical signals Automatic Gain Control (AGC) of each converted signal to compensate optical losses;

RF combining of the 4 adjusted signals into a single RF output

TFLN

Status and Alarm LED

DL RF Main Input (SMA-f)

UL Optical Fibre Adapters (SC-APC)

UL RF Main Output (SMA-f)

DL Optical Fibre Adapters (SC-APC)

UL RF Auxiliary Output (SMB-m)

DL RF Auxiliary Input (SMB-m)

Fig. 5.9 . The TFLN Master Optical TRX

Module name:

Master Optical TRXTFLN

128 User Manual

RF ports • 1 DL RF input port • 1 auxiliary DL RF input port • 1 UL RF output port • 1 auxiliary UL RF output port Note: nominal input levels required at RF ports is +10dBm (please refer to datasheet for further information), as well as RF outputs may require a power adjustment to fill within the BTS receiving range. In order to fulfil these requirements, external UL and DL attenuations may be required (see TBSI module). Optical ports • 4 DL optical output ports (SC/APC) • 4 UL optical input ports (SC/APC)

TFLN visual alarms The TFLN front panel is provided with 6 LEDs (see on the right), showing status and alarm information. LED meaning is reported on the rightward table. Further information about alarm status is delivered by Britecell Plus supervision system. Note: In case the four TFLN optical output ports are not all connected to remote units, the unused ports must be properly masked at commissioning in order to avoid spurious alarms (please refer to LMT manual).

TFLN

Label LED colour Meaning = Green Power supply status OK

Red

General TFLN failure, it can be: - TFLN laser failure - UL or DL amplifier failure - TFLN short circuit

1

Red

Low UL optical power received from remote unit 1 (fault in optical link 1 or remote unit 1 failure)

2

Red


3

Red


4

Red


Fig. 5.10 :LED panel on TFLN front side

Tab. 5.4: Meanings of the LEDs on TFLN front-side

129MN024-08

TFLN power supply Each TFLN master optical TRX is supplied by the sub-rack back-plane (12V). The power consumption of each TFLN master optical TRX is 12W.

Warnings (to be read before the TFLN installation) Dealing with optical output ports • The TFLN master optical TRX contains semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser

beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.




• Do not force or stretch the fibre pigtail with radius of curvature less than 5 cm. See fig. 19 for optimal fibre cabling.



Inserting or removing TFLN modules • Do not remove or insert any TFLN module into TPRN sub-rack before

having switched off main power supply. • The TFLN modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices. • When installing TFLN modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active

and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation.

TFLN

WRONG OPTIMAL

Fig. 5.11: Fibre Optic bending

130 User Manual

• In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper RS485 bus address before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).

TFLN positioning • In case no ventilation system is installed, do not insert more than 8 TFLN

modules into a sub-rack. • In case more than 8 TFLN modules have to be housed into a TPRN sub-

rack, it’s advisable to install the TPRN sub-rack inside a rack with forced ventilation.

• Take care to meet expected requirements on RF ports. An adjustable attenuator could be necessary when the power coming from the BTS exceeds the required levels to avoid damages in Britecell Plus circuitry or increase of spurious emissions.

TFLN installation The TFLN master optical TRX is housed in a TPRN sub-rack and its dimensions are 19” width and 4HE height. A TFLN module can be accommodated in any of these 12 slots.

Note: In case a new TFLN module has to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the sub-rack before inserting the plug-in TFLN module Firstly, gently insert the TFLN in one of the 12 available slots, and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

Then connect the UL and DL RF cable to the TFLN UL and DL ports, respectively. Use a specific torque wrench to fix these RF cables to DL and UL ports.

TFLN

Fig. 5.12: Screws to be fixed at the corners of the TFLN front side

Fig. 5.13: UL and DL RF cables are to be fixed by a torque wrench

131MN024-08

Remove the caps from TFLN optical ports and connect the SC-APC fibre optic cables to the ports. UL and DL cables coming from the same remote unit have to be connected to UL and DL ports marked by the same number on the TFLN front panel.

As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the TFLN Start-Up section. Remember that remote units should be switched on before than the Master Unit in order to follow a correct Start-Up procedure.

TFLN start-up Before the Master Unit is switched on, make sure that: • all expected modules have been inserted into the Master Unit • the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to

what planned in the system design • every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to relevant remote

units • each remote unit has been connected to its coverage antennas • the remote supervision unit, if present, has been connected to the Master

Unit • different Master Units are connected each other via bus RS485 After that, remember that only when all the remote units are already on, the Master Unit itself can be turned on. Once the Master Unit has been switched on, the TFLN behaviour at system start-up can be summarized as per the following steps:

1. When Master Unit is turns on all the six LEDs upon the TFLN front panel go on for a couple of seconds. After that, the green LED remains on (indicating proper power supply) while the other LEDs indicate the master optical TRX status, according to the following table.

Note: In case unused optical ports of the TFLN have not been masked through LMT yet, corresponding LEDs will be on. If so, wait for the end of step 3 (discovery phase) then use LMT to mask them (please refer to relevant handbook)

2. About 10 seconds after the system has been switched on, TFLN module begins a “discovery” phase to identify connected remote units. This operation is necessary to collect all the information to be provided to the supervision system.

TFLN

Fig. 5.14: Take off the caps and connect the fiber optics cables properly

132 User Manual

During the discovery phase the TFLN general alarm (LED ) blinks while the other LEDs go on showing previously detected status. Time dedicated to discovery phase can be at maximum 4min and depends on system complexity.

Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase. This may result in failing the identification of remote units. Please note that, while the discovery phase is running, the whole system is working correctly as discovery operations aim only to collect information about remote units without affecting the system functionalities.

Note: in case discovery doesn’t start automatically, check through the LMT or the remote supervision whether it has been disabled (refer to LMT or remote supervision system manuals for further information). Once the discovery is finished, the TFLN general alarm (LED ) stops blinking and switches OFF. The power supply LED (green LED) remains on while LEDs 1,2,3,4 show either the status of the remote units or the quality of the UL connections. In case some of these LEDs remain on, check if they refer to unused optical ports or not. In this case use LMT software to mask it otherwise if they refer to connected remote units and remain on, please refer to troubleshooting procedure. Removing a TFLN module Switch off the Master Unit power supply, remove the SC-APC optical connectors, and insert the protection caps into TFLN optical ports. Then • unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card. • put the removed TFLN card in its safety box. • switch on again the Master Unit power supply, and refer to Start Up

section.

Label LED colour Status = Green ON

(power supply is on) Red OFF

(no major failure affects TFLN operations) 1 Red OFF

(no major failure affects corresponding remote unit or UL connection)

2 Red OFF (no major failure affects corresponding remote unit or UL connection)



TFLN

Table 5.5: Status of the TFLN LEDs in full-working conditions

133MN024-08

TFLN troubleshooting

In case a TFLN master optical TRX has any problem, this will be easily revealed through LEDs on its front panels otherwise troubleshooting can be carried out through LMT or supervision system. LEDs on TFLN front panel detect not only failures of the TFLN board itself but they also reveals malfunctions located on related remote units.

ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL ACTION

RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

RX1 optical power fail

The optical power received on the UL1 is too low and can’t no more be compensated

RED (LED1) CRITICAL

Check the UL1 fibre and the remote unit laser status

MAJOR

RX1 AGC out of range


NONE MINOR Clean optical connectors MINOR



RED (LED2) CRITICAL


MAJOR






RED (LED3) CRITICAL


MAJOR






RED (LED4) CRITICAL


MAJOR




Major Remote Unit 1 Alarm from RU1 RED

(LED1) - Check remote unit status MAJOR







DL laser alarm A fault occurs on the DL laser RED () MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

UL RF alarm HW failure on the UL RF section RED () MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

DL RF alarm HW failure on the DL RF section RED () CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

Board failure alarm

General failure on board RED () MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Temperature alarm



TFLN

Tab. 5.6: TFLN alarm description

134 User Manual

The previous table reports a brief description of the TFLN alarms, together with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs. As the table shows, LEDs on the TFLN front panel signal all high priority alarms while minor alarms, which detect critical situations which should be checked and tested in order to avoid future possible system faults, are only revealed by LMT or supervision system. Each TFLN is provided with an AGC system which compensates optical losses <3 dB. TFLN LED alarms switch on when the estimated optical losses are >4dB, the AGC not being able to compensate these losses any more. One of LEDs 1, 2, 3 or 4 might turn on not only to indicate a high optical loss detected by TFLN, but also to reveal a remote unit failure. Understanding the reason why one of LEDs 1, 2, 3 or 4 is on (a remote unit failure, an optical cable fault or an external equipment malfunction) can be done following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter. Quick troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.15a)

1. In case the TFLN general alarm (LED ) is on replace the faulty TFLN master optical TRX with a new one and contact the manufacturer for assistance.

2. In case one of the LEDs 1, 2, 3 or 4 is on, the corresponding TFLN adapter might be dirty. Try cleaning it using pure ethyl alcohol. If the LED is still on go to the corresponding remote unit side and check the red LED upon TFAx warm side:

a. If it is off, the optical cables or the optical connections are supposed to have some problem on UL path. Refer to fibre optic UL troubleshooting for more information (fig. 21).

b. If it is on, refer to remote unit troubleshooting presented in the previous remote unit section

Fibre optic UL troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.15b)

1. Check if there is any point where the fibre experiences a small radius of curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If this makes the TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

2. Check if the SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLN and TFAx ports). If not fix better SC-SPC connectors to relevant adapters. If this makes the TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it at both fibre ends (i.e. TFLN side and TFAx side) then reconnect the fibre to relevant ports. In case this makes the TFLN red LED switch off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

4. Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN UL port, and measure the output power POUT(UL) at corresponding fibre end. Then, go

TFLN

135MN024-08

to the TFAx side, disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFAx UL port and measure the input power PIN(UL) coming out of the TFAx UL port.

5. Calculate the UL fibre attenuation AUL as: AUL [dB] = PIN(UL) – POUT(UL) a. If AUL > 4dB, the fibre optic cable has some problems or cable

path is too long. Replace it. b. If AUL < 4dB, then TFAx remote unit should be faulty. Before

replacing it, check the TFAx status on supervision system and contact for assistance

TFLN

136 User Manual

TFLN

Fig. 5.15 (a): Flow-chart describing the quick troubleshooting procedure

1, 2, 3 or 4

start

Which red LED is ON? Replace the faulty TFLN

Clean corresponding SC-APC optical adapter and connector

Yes

Is any red LED ON upon the

TFLN?

No

No

Go to corresponding remote unit side

No

Yes

Yes

UL optical cables or optical connections are supposed to have some problems. Refer to fibre optic UL troubleshooting (fig. 5.15b)

No

Refer to remote unit troubleshooting

Yes

end

Is red LED upon TFLN

still ON?

Is red LED upon remote

unit ON?


137MN024-08

TFLN

Fig. 5.15 (b): Flow-chart describing the fibre optic UL troubleshooting

start Is there any small radius of curvature

of the fibre?

Rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends. If necessary replace the optical cable with a

longer one.

Is the red LED upon TFLN still

ON?



Fix SC-APC connectors properly to adapters.

Yes

No No Yes

NoYes

No

Yes

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TFLN UL port.

Clean the optical SC-APC ports both on TFLN and TFAx side.

Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it at both ends.

Re-connect the fibre to relevant

ports.

Measure the output power at the corresponding fibre end

Measure the input power entering the fibre.

Go to the TFAx side

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector

from TFAx UL port.

Calculate the UL fibre attenuation: AUL[dB]=input power - output power

Is AUL > 4dB? Fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it.

The TFAx remote unit should be faulty. Before replacing it, verify its status through supervision

system and contact for assistance. end

No Yes

No

Yes


ON?


ON?

138 User Manual

5.3. Two-way Splitter/Combiner, TLCN2

TLCN2

139MN024-08

Description: The TLCN2, a bidirectional 2-way splitter/combiner, provides two identical combining sections for UL and DL which can be used:

to combine 2 RF signals into a common RF output

to split an RF input into 2 RF output signals

It is a passive wideband module.

RF ports: • 1 DL common RF port (“C”) • 2 DL splitted RF ports (“1”,“2”) • 1 UL common RF port (”C”) • 2 UL splitted RF ports (“1”,“2”) Note: each port is bidirectional.

TLCN2 main applications Main applications of the TLCN2 module are: • Connecting a donor source to more than

one TFLN master optical TRX, so that: TLCN2 splits the DL input coming from a donor source into 2 output signals entering 2 different TFLN master optical TRX

TLCN2 combines the UL inputs coming from 2 TFLN master optical TRX into 1 common signal entering the donor source

• Connecting a TFLN master optical TRX to more than one donor source within the same service, so that:

TLCN2 combines the two DL inputs coming from 2 donor sources into 1 output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX or a cross band coupler

TLCN2 splits the UL input coming from TFLN master optical TRX or a cross band coupler into 2 different output signals entering 2 different donor sources.

More TLCN2 modules can be used in cascade connections.

TLCN2

DL common RF port (SMA-f)

UL common RF port (SMA-f)

UL splitted RF ports (SMA-f)

DL splitted RF ports (SMA-f)

Fig. 5.16: TLCN2 splitter/combiner

Module name:

2-way splitter/ /combiner

TLCN2

140 User Manual

TLCN2 insertion loss The TLCN2 insertion loss varies slightly with the frequency bands, as shown in table 5.7. When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLCN2 if present.

Warnings The overall input power must not exceed +24dBm TLCN2 Installation Since the TLCN2 module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack. 1. Unpack the kit which includes

1 TLCN2 4 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 25cm, 2 x 35cm

2. Carefully insert the TLCN2 module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables to UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

4. In case some ports remain unused remember to connect them to a 50 Ω load (not included)

700-1400MHz 1400-2200MHz 2200-2500MHz TLCN2 insertion loss 3.7 ± 0.4dB 4.1 ± 0.5dB 4.6 ± 0.4dB

TLCN2

Table 5.7: Insertion loss values within different frequency bands

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5.4. Four-way Splitter/Combiner TLCN4

TLCN4

143MN024-08

Description: The TLCN4, bidirectional 4-way splitter/combiner, provides two identical combining sections for UL and DL which can be used to:

combine 4 RF signals into a common RF output

split an RF input into 4 RF output signals

It is a passive wideband module.

RF ports: • 1 DL common RF port (“C”)

• 4 DL splitted RF ports (labelled “1”,“2”,“3”,“4”)

• 1 UL common RF port (”C”)

• 4 UL splitted RF ports (labelled “1”,“2”,“3”,“4”)

Note: each port is bidirectional.

TLCN4 main applications Main applications of the TLCN4 module are: • Connecting a donor source to more than

one TFLN master optical TRX, so that: TLCN4 splits the DL input coming from a donor source into 4 output signals entering 4 different TFLN master optical TRX

TLCN4 combines the UL inputs coming from 4 TFLN master optical TRX into 1 common signal entering the donor source

• Connecting a TFLN master optical TRX to more than one donor source within the same service, so that:

TLCN4 combines the two DL inputs coming from up to 4 donor sources into 1 output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX

TLCN4 splits the UL inputs coming from TFLN master optical TRX into 4 different output signals entering up to 4 different donor sources

More TLCN4 modules can be used in cascade connections.

TLCN4 insertion loss

TLCN4

UL splitted RF ports (SMA-f)

DL splitted RF ports (SMA-f)



Fig. 5.17: TLCN4 splitter/combiner

Module name:

4-way splitter/ /combiner

TLCN4

144 User Manual

The TLCN4 insertion losses vary slightly with the frequency bands, as shown in table 5.8. When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLCN4.

Warnings The overall input power must not exceed +24dBm

TLCN4 Installation Since the TLCN4 module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack. 1. Unpack the kit which include

1 TLCN4 8 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 1 x 18cm, 2 x 23cm, 2 x 28cm, 2 x 33cm,

1 x 36cm

2. Carefully insert the TLCN4 module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.


4. In case some ports remain unused remember to connect them to a 50 Ω load (not included)

700-1400MHz 1400-2200MHz 2200-2500MHz TLCN4 insertion loss 7.4 ± 0.4dB 8.0 ± 0.5dB 8.4 ± 0.4dB

TLCN4

Table 5.8: Insertion loss values within different frequency bands

145MN024-08

146 User Manual

5.5. RF Dual band Coupler TLDN

TLDN

147MN024-08

Description: The TLDN is a passive RF dual band coupler designed to distribute signal within the master unit when coming from different bands. Main operations carried out are:

in downlink it combines a low band RF signal (800MHz to 1000MHz) and a high band RF signal (1700MHz to 2200MHz) into a common RF path in uplink it filters the composite signal into a low-band (800MHz to 1000MHz) and a high-band (1700MHz to 2200MHz) one.

It is a passive module.

RF ports • 1 UL common

RF input port (“C”) for the combined UL signal

• 1 UL high-band RF output port

• 1 UL low-band RF output port

• 1 DL common

RF output port (“C”) for the combined DL signal

• 1 DL high-band RF input port

• 1 DL low-band RF input port

TLDN main applications Main applications of the TLDN module are: • Connecting 2 donor sources with different services to one TFLN master

optical TRX in a dual band system, so that: TLDN combines the DL inputs coming from the 2 different donor sources (carrying different services) into an output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX

TLDN


DL high-band RF port (SMA-f)

DL low-band RF port (SMA-f)

UL high-band RF port (SMA-f)

UL low-band RF port (SMA-f)


Fig. 5.18: The TLDN dual-band coupler

Module name:

RF dual-band couplerTLDN

148 User Manual

TLDN filters the UL input coming from a TFLN master optical TRX into 2 UL outputs entering 2 different donor sources (carrying different services)

TLDN insertion loss TLDN insertion loss = 1.0 ± 0.5dB. When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLDN.


TLDN Installation Since the TLDN module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include 1 TLDN 2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 40cm

2. Carefully insert the TLDN module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.


TLDN

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150 User Manual

5.6. RF Tri band Coupler TLTN

TLTN

151MN024-08

Description: The TLTN is a passive RF tri band coupler designed to distribute signal within the master unit when coming from different bands. Main operations carried out are:

in downlink it combines a 800MHz to 1000MHz, a 1700MHz to 2000MHz signal and a 2000MHz to 2200MHz signal into a single RF path in uplink it filters a composite signal into a 800MHz to 1000MHz, a 1700MHz to 2000MHz signal and a 2000MHz to 2200MHz one.

It is a passive module.

RF ports • 1 DL common RF

output port (“C”) for the combined DL signal

• 1 DL 2000MHz to 2200MHz RF input port



• 1 UL common RF input port (“C”) for the combined UL signal

• 1 UL 2000MHz to 2200MHz RF output port



TLTN main applications Main applications of the TLTN module are: • Connecting 3 donor sources with different services to one TFLN master

optical TRX in a tri band system, so that:



UL 2000 to 2200MHz RF port (SMA-f)



DL 2000 to 2200MHz RF port (SMA-f)



Fig. 5.19: The TLTN tri-band coupler

Module name:

RF tri-band couplerTLTN

152 User Manual

TLTN combines the DL inputs coming from 3 different donor sources (carrying different services) into an output signal entering the TFLN master optical TRX

TLTN filters the UL input coming from the TFLN master optical TRX into 3 UL outputs entering 3 different donor sources (carrying different services)

TLTN insertion loss TLTN insertion loss = 3.0 ± 0.5dB When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TLTN.


TLTN Installation Since the TLTN module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack. 1. Unpack the kit which include

1 TLTN 2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 40cm

2. Carefully insert the TLTN module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.


TLTN

153MN024-08

154 User Manual

5.7. RF Duplexer, TDPX

TDPX

155MN024-08

Description: TDPX is a frequency dependent duplexer that combines downlink and uplink signals while maintaining isolation and stability. This board has been designed to support where the source is duplexed.

RF ports • 1 DL RF output

port • 1 UL RF input port • 1 common RF port

(“C”) for UL and DL combined signals

TDPX main applications

The TDPX main application is to connect the duplexed antenna port of the donor source to the Britecell Plus system. TDPX combines/ /splits the DL and UL signals coming from the donor port into two separated ports TDPX insertion loss The TDPX insertion losses are described in table 5.9.

UMTS 2100MHz All other bands TDPX UL insertion loss 2.0 ± 0.5dB 7.0 ± 0.5dB TDPX DL insertion loss 2.0 ± 0.5dB 3.3 ± 0.5dB

When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion losses of the TDPX.

RF port for combined UL and DL signals

UL RF port

DL RF port

Table 5.9: Insertion loss values of the TDPX module

Fig. 5.20: The TDPX duplexer

Module name:

RF tri-band couplerTDPX

156 User Manual

Warnings The overall input power must not exceed +30dBm.

As the module is band dependent be sure to choose the right single band version.

TDPX Installation Since the TDPX module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include 1 TDPX 2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 2 x 35cm

2. Carefully insert the TDPX module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables to common, UL and DL ports, according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

TDPX

157MN024-08

158 User Manual

5.8. Base station Interface TBSI

TBSI

159MN024-08

Description The TBSI module adjusts the signal level between the donor source and the Britecell Plus system. It has 2 independent variable attenuators to adjust both uplink and downlink separately (please refer to BriteTool manual to understand how to calculate the right value of attenuation through BriteTool software)

RF ports • 1 DL RF input port • 1 DL RF output port

(attenuated signal)

• 1 UL RF input port • 1 UL RF output port

(attenuated signal) The attenuation required both on DL and UL can be properly set through relevant knobs (30dB range, 1dB step).

TBSI main applications

Main applications of the TBSI module are: • adjusting RF levels

coming to/from a donor source:

TBSI adjusts the DL signal to meet the required power level at TFLN DL RF input

TBSI adjusts the RF UL signal coming from TFLN master optical TRX in order to meet the desired requirements about blocking level and receiver sensitivity to the donor source

TBSI insertion loss The TBSI insertion losses are described in table 5.10:

800MHz to 2000MHz 2000MHz to 2200MHz TBSI insertion loss < 1dB < 1.3dB

TBSI

DL RF input port (from donor source)

DL attenuation knob

DL RF output port (to master unit)

UL RF input port (from master unit)

UL RF output port (to donor source)

UL attenuation knob

Fig. 5.21: The TBSI base station interface

Table 5.10: Insertion loss values of the TBSI module

Module name:

Base station interfaceTBSI

160 User Manual

When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TBSI.


TBSI Installation Since the TBSI module doesn’t require any power supply it can be housed either in an active or a passive TPRN sub-rack.

1. Unpack the kit which include 1 TBSI 2 RF jumpers (SMA-m), 1 x 35cm, 1 x 45cm

2. Carefully insert the TBSI module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.

3. Connect RF cables according to what planned by designer. Use a specific torque wrench to fix each cable to relevant ports.

4. Set proper attenuation values.

TBSI

161MN024-08

162 User Manual

5.9. Power Limiter TMPx-10

TMPX

163MN024-08

Description The TMPx-10 power limiter monitors the downlink input power and attenuates it by 10dB above a predetermined set point. The threshold is programmable through the supervision system. TMPx-10 power limiter is available in two versions, one suitable for GSM DL (800 to 1000MHz or 1800 to 2000MHz) and the other for UMTS 2100MHz DL.

RF ports • 1 DL RF input port • 1 DL RF output port

TMP main applications Main applications of the TMP module are: • Check DL RF level coming from

a donor source in order to protect the system if the level exceeds a specified threshold.

TMP visual alarms The TMP front panel is provided with 3 LEDs (see on the right) showing status and alarm information LED meaning is reported on the rightward table. Further information about alarm status are delivered by Britecell Plus supervision system

TMPX

Label LED colour Meaning Power Green Power supply status OK

Alarm Red It can be: - TMP power supply alarm - RF input overdrive

Warning Red It can be: - temperature alarm - no RF signal at the input port

DL RF input port (from donor source)

DL RF output port (to master unit)

Tab. 5.11: Summary of TMP LEDs meaning

Fig. 5.22: The TBSI base station interface

Fig. 5.23: The LED panel on the TMP front-side

Module name:

Power Limiter TMPx-10

164 User Manual

TMP power supply Each TMPx-10 power limiter is supplied by the sub-rack back-plane (+12V). The power consumption of each TMPx-10 is 2W max TMP insertion loss TMP insertion loss < 1.7dB. When designing the system, remember to take into account the insertion loss of the TMP. Warnings The overall input power must not exceed +35dBm. Inserting or removing TMP modules • Do not remove or insert any TMP module into TPRN sub-rack before

having switched off main power supply. • The TMP modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices. • When installing TMP modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active

and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation. • In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper

RS485 bus address before installing the modules (please refer to TPRN section for further details).

TMP installation The TMP power limiter can be accomodated in any of the 12 slots of a TPRN active sub-rack. Note: In case a new TMP module has to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the sub-rack before inserting the plug-in TMP module

1. Unpack the kit which include 1 TMP 1 RF jumper (SMA-m), 35cm

2. Carefully insert the TMP module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.


4. Switch on the sub-rack. As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the TFLN Start-up section.

TMPX

165MN024-08

Removing a TMP module Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then • unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card. • put the removed TMP card in its safety box. • switch on again the Master Unit power supply and refer to TFLN Start-up

section. TMP troubleshooting In case a TMP power limiter has any problem, this will be easily revealed through LEDs on its front panel otherwise troubleshooting can be carried out through LMT or supervision system.

The previous table reports a brief description of the TMP alarm, together with a reference to the corresponding alerted LEDs. Understanding why one LED is on can be done following the troubleshooting procedure reported hereinafter. Quick troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 22)

1. In case the TMP red led is on and the green led is off there is a problem on the power supply.

a. Check the TPRN sub-rack and if it is switched off, switch it on. b. If the sub-rack is switched on, check the backplane power supply

connector to verify if the +12Vdc is provided to the TMP module. If not there is a fault on the TPRN backplane and you need to return the sub-rack.

c. Otherwise the TMP power supply section is faulty. Return the unit.

2. In case the TPM red and green leds are on, the RF level at the input port has exceeded the specified threshold. Decrease the RF signal or change the threshold.

3. In case the yellow led is on, check the RF input level

TMPX

ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Power supply alarm UPS HW failure or malfunction. RF is turned OFF


Temperature alarm Over-temperature alarm YELLOW MINOR Check ventilation


RF Input overdrive The input signal has exceeded the threshold RED WARNING Check the RF input

signal MAJOR

RF Input No signal No RF signal at the input port

YELLOW MINOR Check the RF input

signal MINOR

Tab. 5.12:Description of the TMP alarms

166 User Manual

a. If there isn’t any RF signal at the input, check if the RF cable is connected at the input port. If it’s connected check the power coming out from the donor source.

b. Otherwise the temperature range is not within the specified range, change the temperature range or provide proper air flow.

TMPX

Fig. 5.24: Flow-chart describing the troubleshooting procedure

start

Problem on power supply

Is red LED ON upon

the TMP?

No Yes

end

Is green LED OFF upon

the TMP?

RF level @ input port has exceeded the threshold. Check the RF signal.

Yes

Is TPRN sub-rack switched on?

Switch on the sub-rack

Is red LED ON and green OFF?

No

Yes

Yes

Check TPRN backplane

power supply

No

Is +12Vdc provided?

No

No

TPRN backplane is faulty. Return

the TPRN

TMP power supply section is faulty. Return the TMP.

No

Is yellow LED ON upon

the TMP?

No

Yes

Check the RF input level and if the RF cable is connected

Is there any RF input

level?

No Yes

Check if the temperature is

within the specified range.

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168 User Manual

5.10. Wi-Fi Local Interface, TWLI

TWLI

169MN024-08

Description Britecell Plus system allows distributing WLAN service (802.11b and g) through the auxiliary channel while concentrating all the Access Points together with the central equipment. The TWLI module allows connecting up to 3 Access Points to one TFLN master optical TRX and setting up to 4dB attenuation, if needed, on the DL path. RF ports • 3 DL RF input

ports receiving signals from up to 3 different Access Points

• 1 DL RF output port to the TFLN auxiliary port

• 1 UL RF input port from the TFLN auxiliary port

• 3 UL RF output ports sending signals to up to 3 different Access Points

4dB attenuation range is available on the DL path in order to adjust levels coming from the Access Points. TWLI main applications Main applications of the TWLI module are: • providing to the TFLN the WLAN signals coming from up to 3 Access Points

concentrated on the equipment room. TWLI power supply Each TWLI WLAN interface module is supplied by the sub-rack back-plane (+12V). The power consumption of each TWLI is 2W max.

TWLI

DL RF input from Access Points 1 to 3

Attenuation setting buttons

DL RF output to TFLN

UL RF input from TFLN

UL RF output to Access Points 1 to 3

Fig. 5.25: The TWLI wi-fi local interface

Module name:

Wi-Fi Local InterfaceTWLI

170 User Manual

Warnings The overall input power must not exceed +19dBm The TWLI modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to electrostatic sensitive devices. Inserting or removing TWLI modules • Do not remove or insert any TWLI module into TPRN sub-rack before

having switched off main power supply. • The TWLI modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices. • When installing TWLI modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate

active and passive cards in order to ensure proper heat dissipation. • In a multi-sub-rack system, remember to assign to each sub-rack a proper


TWLI installation The TWLI WLAN local interface can be accomodated in any of the 12 slots of a TPRN active sub-rack. Note: In case a new TWLI module has to be installed in a still working Master Unit, switch off the sub-rack before inserting the plug-in TWLI module

1. Unpack the kit which include 1 TWLI 2 RF jumpers (SMA-m; SMB-f), 2 x 40cm

2. Carefully insert the TWLI module in any of the TPRN sub-rack slots and lock the 4 screws on the front corners.


4. Switch on the sub-rack. As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the TFLN Start-up section.

Removing a TWLI module Switch off the Master Unit power supply and remove RF jumpers. Then • unscrew the 4 screws and slowly remove the card. • put the removed TWLI card in its safety box. • switch on again the Master Unit power supply and refer to TFLN Start-up

section.

TWLI

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5.11. Interconnect Link (i-link)

TILx (intro)

173MN024-08

the interconnect link is a set of modules which allows to expand the system by connecting a second Britecell Plus subrack station to the main one, at a distance of up to 20 km. By using more interconnect links at the main station, more Britecell Plus stations could be connected to the main one, in a star configuration. Each interconnect link (i-link) is made up by a master-side and by a slave-side. Both the master side and the slave side are composed by a receiver module and by a transmitter module (please refer to fig. 5.26, 5.27): the transmitter modules are identified by the code TDTX, while the receiver module is identified as TMRX at the master side and as TSRX at the slave side. The interconnect link is available both in simple version (identified as TILx-HL) and in WDM version (identified as TILx-HLW). A WDM i-link exploits the same fibre to transmit both from master to slave and vice-versa (please refer to fig. 5.28b), while the simple link uses a dedicate fiber for the transmission from master to slave, and a different one for the transmission from slave to master (please refer to fig. 5.28a). The following four section will describe in details the i-link modules both in WDM and not-WDM version.

t

TILx (intro)

Module name:

Interconnect linkTILx-HL

TILx-HLW

(a) (b)

(a) (b)

Fig. 5.26: i-link modules: (a) master side; (b) slave-side.

Fig. 5.27: WDM i-link modules: (a) master side; (b) slave-side.

5.11.1. Introduction

174 User Manual

TILx (intro)

BTS

INTERFACING SECTION

+ SPLITTING - COMBINING

SECTION

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFLN

TFLN

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFLN

TDTX

TDTXTMRX

TSRX

TFLN

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx GSM 900 BTS

GSM 1800 BTS

UMTS BTS

Fixed Atten

Fixed

Fixed Atten

Fig. 5.28(a): Block scheme of a Britecell Plus system with a simple i-link

175MN024-08

TILx (intro)

Fig. 5.28(b): Block scheme of a Britecell Plus system with a WDM i-link

BTS

INTERFACING SECTION

+ SPLITTING - COMBINING

SECTION

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFLN

TFLN

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx TFLN

TDTX

TDTXTMRX

TSRX

TFLN

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx

TFAx GSM 900 BTS

GSM 1800 BTS

UMTS BTS

Fixed Atten

Fixed

Fixed Atten

176 User Manual

TILx (intro)

TILx--HL

Module name:

Interconnect linkTILx-HL

5.11.2. TILx-HL i-link

Module description: The TILx interconnect link is a composite module, made up by a transmitter and a receiver module both on master and on slave side: • Master side - TDTX 300 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot) - TMRX 200 (receiver module, hosted by 1 subrack slot) • Slave side - TDTX 300 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot) - TSRX 2xx/8 (receiver module, hosted by 3 subrack slots) The TILx – HL kit is available in EU tri-band version (EGSM 900MHz, GSM 1800MHz, UMTS), in US dual-band version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, PCS 1900 MHz), and in hybrid version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, GSM 1800MHz, UMTS). These versions just differs in the slave-side receiver TSRX module, which is the only module whose features vary with the RF transmitting band. Block scheme A scheme of the system, is reported hereinafter, so as describe the connections between the Interconnect-link modules and to give an insight of the function of the modules named above.

Fig.5.29 – Interconnect link scheme

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178 User Manual

Main TILx-HL functions:

Downlink:

Uplink:

TILx- -HL

Master side:

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the splitting/combining section, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the bus information, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

Slave side

• Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information, with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate the optical losses;

• Distribution of the RF signal to the TFLN optical TRXs, and demodulation of the bus information

Slave side:

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the TFLN optical TRXs, and transmission to the master i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the alarm information, and transmission to the master i-link modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

Master side: • Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information,

with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate optical losses

• Distribution of the RF signal to the splitting/combining section, and demodulation of the alarm information

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TDTX300 transmitter: TMRX200 receiver:

TILx--HL

TILx-HL Master Side: TDTX300 transmitter + TMRX200 receiver

1 RF output port, to be connected directly to the RF input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

1 alarm output port, to be connected directly to the alarm input port of the TDTX300 adjacent module

1 RF DL port, sent to the passive devices which interface the Britecell with the BTS

1 RF UL port, coming from the passive devices which interface the Britecell with the BTS

1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the RF output port of the TMRX200 adjacent module

1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to the alarm output port of the TMRX200 adjacent module

Optical in port connected to TDTX300 slave (SC-APC)

Optical out port connected to TSRX 2xx/8 slave(SC-APC)

RF in port connected to TMRX200 master (SMA-f)

Alarm in port connected to TMRX200 master (SMB-m) Alarm out port connected to

TDTX300 master (SMB-m)

RF out port connected to TDTX300 master(SMA-f)

UL RF port (SMA-f)

DL RF port (SMA-f)



TDTX300 TMRX20

Fig.5.30 – The i-link master side is made up by a TDTX300 transmitter and by a TMRX200 receiver

TILx – HL Master-side: RF ports

180 User Manual

T DTX300 transmitter: TMRX200 receiver:


TILx- -HL

Led colour Meaning

Red Optical power failure, wavelength out of range, power supply failure


Led colour Meaning

Red Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL failure, AGC compensation failure


1 Optical input port, to be connected directly to the optical output port of the slave-side TDTX300 transmitter

1 Optical output port, to be connected directly to the optical input port of the slave-side TSRX2xx/8 receiver

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TDTX300 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TDTX failure (please refer to table 5.13)

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TMRX200 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TMRX failure (please refer to table 5.14)

TILx – HL Master-side: Optical ports

TILx – HL Master-side: LED Alarms

Table 5.13: Summary of master TDTX300 LEDs meaning

Table 5.14: Summary of TMRX200 LEDs meaning

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TDTX300 transmitter:

TSRX2xx/8 receiver

TILx--HL

TILx - HL Slave-Side: TDTX300 transmitter + TSRX2xx/8 receiver

RF in port connected to TSRX2xx/8 slave (SMA-f)

RF out port, connected to TDTX300 master (SMA-f)

Optical out port , connected to TMRX-200 master (SC-APC)

Optical in port, connected to TDTX-300 master (SC-APC)

Alarm in port connected to slave TSRX2xx/8 (SMB-m)

Alarm out port connected to master TDTX300 (SMB-m)

GREEN LED: power on RED LED:major alarm


DL RF ports connected to TFLN DL ports (SMA-f)

UL RF ports connected to TFLN UL ports (SMA-f)

TDTX300 TSRX

Fig.5.31 – The i-link master side is made up by a TDTX300 transmitter and by a TMRX200 receiver

1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the RF output port of the TSRX2xx/8 adjacent module

1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to the alarm output port of the TSRX2xx/8 adjacent module



8 RF DL ports, which can feed up to 8 TFLN local transmitters ;

8 RF UL ports, which can receive the UL signals from up to 8 TFLN local transmitters.

TILx – HL Slave-side: RF ports

182 User Manual

TDTX 300 transmitter: TSRX2xx/8 receiver:

TDTX300 transmitter: TSRX2xx/8 receiver:

TILx- -HL

Led colour Meaning



Led colour Meaning

Red Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL and DL failure, AGC compensation failure


1 Optical input port, to be connected directly to the optical output port of the master-side TDTX300 transmitter

1 Optical output port, to be connected directly to the optical input port of the master-side TMRX200 receiver

Table 5.15: Summary of slave TDTX300 LEDs meaning

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TDTX300 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TDTX failure.

Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TSRX2xx/8 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TSRX module, while the red LED describes the major TSRX failure.

TILx -HL Slave-side: Optical ports

TILx – HL Slave-side: LED Alarms

Table 5.16: Summary of TSRX2xx/8 LEDs meaning

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Warnings (to be read before the TILx – HL installation) Dealing with optical output ports • The TDTX modules (both on master and on slave side) contain

semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.







Inserting or removing TDTX, TMRX, TSRX modules • Do not remove or insert any module into TPRN sub-rack before having

switched off main power supply. • Modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices. • When installing the modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active



Placing the TILx -HL modules inside the subrack • The i-link modules at slave side should be installed in the middle of the

slave subrack, or at least they should have no more than 4 TFLN modules both on the right side and on the left side of the TSRX 2xx/8 module. This requirement is advised in order to allow connection between the TSRX module and all the TFLN transmitters (see fig. 5.33)

TILx – HL installation Both on master side and on slave side, the i-link modules are to be housed into a TPRN active sub-rack.

TILx--HL

Master Cable Installation Kit: • 1 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF jumpers • 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF jumper

Slave Cable Installation Kit: • 17 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF jumpers • 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF jumper

184 User Manual

On the master-side station, the i-link modules are to be housed into 2 adjiacent slots, chosen among the 12 available ones in the subrack. On the slave-side subrack, the i-link modules are to be housed into 4 adjiacent slots: moreover, due to the particular cabling they require, these 4 adjiacent slots should be placed in mid-subrack, so that no more than 4 TFLN local units stay on each side of the i-link modules (as shown in fig. 5.33). Note: If the i-link modules are to be installed in an already working Master Unit, switch off the sub-racks before inserting the modules. Before inserting the boards into the TPRNx4 subracks, make sure to set proper RS485 addresses. A basic rule of the Britecell installation is that 2 subracks belonging to the same Master Unit should always have different RS485 addresses (please refer to “TPRN Installation” section): since the interconnect-link basically provides an extension of the Master Unit bus, any subrack on the i-link master-side should also have a RS485 address different from any subrack on the i-link slave side. Please refer to “TPRNx4 Installation” section for more information on setting the RS485 address. Firstly, carefully insert the TMRX200 and the TDTX300 boards in 2 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TMRX200 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX300 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Fix these RF jumpers to the RF ports through a proper torque wrench (not included). Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the master side. Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical

TILx- -HL

RF jumper (SMA-m / SMA-m)

RF jumper (SMB-f / SMB-f)

Fig. 5.32: TILx-HL master side

DL optical cableUL optical cable

185MN024-08

out port of the master-side TDTX300 module. (This fiber shall be directly connected to the optical in port of the TSRX2xx/8 module on the slave-side subrack) Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical in port of the TMRX200 module (This fiber shall be directly connected to the optical out port of the TDTX300 on the slave-side subrack) Carefully insert the TSRX2xx/8 and the TDTX300 boards in 4 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. As already explained, take care not to have more than 4 TFLN modules on each side of the i-link pieces. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TSRX2xx/8 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX300 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Use the longer RF jumpers (included) to connect each pair of TSRX UL and DL ports to the corresponding UL and DL ports of each TFLN module mounted on slave-side subrack. If less than 8 TFLNs are used at slave-side, make sure to mask the TSRX-2xx/8 unused DL and UL ports by SMA loads (not provided). Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the slave side. Take a SC-APC fibre, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical out port of the master-side TDTX300 module. This fiber has to be directly connected to the optical in port of the TMRX200 module of the master-side subrack. Use a specific torque wrench to fix the RF cables to the RF ports. Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the optical in port of the TSRX200 module. This fiber has to be directly connected to the optical out port of the TDTX300 on the master-side subrack. As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the “TILx-HL start-up” section.

TILx--HL

Fig. 5.33: TILx-HL slave side

DL optical cable UL optical cable

186 User Manual

Removing a TILx - HL module To remove an i-link module, firstly switch off the TPRNx4 subrack which houses the module. Remove the fibers and the RF jumpers connected to the i-link module which is going to be removed. Insert the caps on the optical ports which has just been disconnected. Unscrew the 4 screws at the corners of the i-link module which is going to removed, and slowly remove the card. Put the card in its safety box TILx – HL start-up Before both the master-side station and the slave-side station(s) are switched on, make sure that: • all expected modules have been inserted into the Master Unit • the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to

what planned in the system design • the i-link master modules have been connected to the relevant slave side

modules through fiberoptics cables; • every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to relevant remote


Unit • both on the master-side and on slave-side stations, the different subracks

are connected each other via bus RS485 After that, remember that all remote units have to be switched on before the master-side and the slave-side subracks. When all the remote units are on, the different subracks (at master-side and slave-side) can be switched on. Once all the active subracks have been switched on, the behaviour of the different i-link modules can be summarized as follows:

o All the LEDs on the different i-link modules (both on master side and on slave side) turn on for a couple of seconds;

o After that, all the green LEDs on the different modules remain ON (thus indicating proper power supply), while the red LEDs switch off as soon as the master-side and the slave-side detect each other;

o During normal working operations, the LEDs on the front panels of the TILx modules should behave according to what described in table 5.13, 5.14, 5.15, 5.16;

o Once all the master-side and slave-side subracks have been switched on, the system should begin to work correctly. Anyway, in order that the i-link modules are recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary that the system carries out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase,

TILx- -HL

187MN024-08

whose duration depends on the system complexity and which can last at max. 4min, the TFLN LEDs blink. Do not connect/disconnect any cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in failing the identification of some equipment.

o Finally, please note that the receiver module TSRX2xx/8 has only one

connection with the subrack backplane, so that the LMT software and the supervision system will detect it as a 1-slot card. More in details, only the slot which hosts the TSRX LED alarms is recognized by LMT or supervision. The other 2 slots hosting the TSRX receiver are therefore to be masked through the LMT or the Supervision System Interface (please refer to the relevant user manuals) in order to avoid fictitious alarm notifications.

TILx – HL troubleshooting Faults on the i-link modules can be revealed: • by LEDs on the front panels of the modules themselves • by the LMT software running on a PC connected to a master side or a slave-

side subrack via RS232 port; • by the supervision system interface managed by the remote supervision

unit, usually placed conveniently on the master-side. Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or supervision system. The tables 5.17, 5.18, 5.19 reports a brief description of alarm related to the different i-link modules, together with a reference to corresponding alerted LEDs and to possible recovery actions. As shown by these tables, the LEDs show only the alarms concerning the board where they are housed: so, a red LED which is switched on at TSRX front side reveals an alarm affecting the TSRX module itself (it does not deals with the alarms affecting the other module of the i-link slave-side, which is an TDTX300, and whose alarms will be detected by its own LEDs). Moreover, these tables show that the LEDs reveals only major alarms, whereas the minor alarms (i.e. the low priority ones) are revealed only by the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision system. The minor alarms usually detect critical situations which should be checked so as to avoid future possibile system faults. Although any alarm detected by a LED on the i-link modules should be verified through LMT or supervision software when an accurate check is needed, some ordinary maintenance procedures could be carried out quickly following the instructions described hereinafter

TILx--HL


188 User Manual

TILx- -HL

TDTX 300 (master side or slave side) ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Vcc alarm There is a degradation on

the power supply provided by the backplane


Optical power <1dB

The received optical power experiences a degradation which is near to the AGC working threshold (but it

can still compensate losses)

NONE MINOR

Check the optical loss / AGC status on the TSRX or TMRX

module at the other side of the

imterconnect link

MINOR

Optical power <3dB

The transmitted optical power experiences a

degradation which can no more be compensated by

the AGC.

RED MINOR Return the unit MAJOR

Temperature Alarm

Over-temperature alarm (lower than 0° C or higher

than 65° C) NONE WARNING

Check the subracks ventilation; verify the

environmental conditions involving

heating and air circulation

MINOR

Table 5.17: Description of TDTX300 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the suspervision interface

189MN024-08

TMRX 200 ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Power supply alarm

There is a degradation in power supply

distribution RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR


The received optical power experiences a degradation which is

near to the AGC working threshold (but it can still compensate

losses)

NONE WARNING

Check the optical loss / AGC status on the

TSRX or TMRX module at the other

side of the imterconnect link

MINOR

RX1 Optical power fail


degradation which can no more be

compensated by the AGC


Temperature alarm

Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING

Check the subrack and cabinet

ventilation, verify the environmental

conditions involving heating and air

circulation

MINOR

FSK modem alarm

HW problem on the 10.7 MHz FSK

modem RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

UL RF alarm UL hardware failure RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

Current Fail Overcurrent alarm RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

TILx--HL

Table 5.18: Description of TMRX200 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the suspervision interface

190 User Manual

TSRX 2xx/8

ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Power supply alarm

There is a degradation in power supply distribution RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR



near to the AGC working threshold (but it can still

compensate losses)

NONE WARNING



side of the interconnect link

MINOR

RX1 Optical power fail


degradation which can no more be compensated

by the AGC


Temperature alarm Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING

Check the subrack and cabinet ventilation,

verify the environmental


circulation

MINOR

FSK modem alarm


modulator/demodulator RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

DL Low band RF alarm

HW failure on the DL RF low band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

DL High band RF alarm

HW failure on the DL RF high band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

DL UMTS RF alarm (only on TSRX 247/8 version)

HW failure on the DL RF UMTS band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

UL Low-band RF Alarm

HW failure on the UL RF low band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

UL High-band RF Alarm

HW failure on the UL RF high band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

UL UMTS RF alarm (only on TSRX 247/8 version)

HW failure on the UL UMTS band RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR


TDTX-300 module troubleshooting The TDTX module is an optical transmitter whose alarm status cannot be influenced by dirt optical adapters or by some problems in fiberoptics cables towards the opposite i-link side. If the red light is switched on in the TDTX front panel, please check if you have connected properly the

TILx- -HL

Table 5.19: Description of TSRX2xx/8 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the suspervision interface

191MN024-08

RF jumper. If the RF connection proves to be ok and the red LED keep on switching on, please contact the manufacturer.

TMRX-200 module troubleshooting Ordinary troubleshooting procedures which can be carried out on TMRX-200 module first involve a check of the optical adapter status and of the fiberoptics cable. If the alarm status still persists, a reboot of both the TMRX-200 module and of the TSRX-2xx/8 module can be performed so as to re-inizialize the link. Quick TMRX-200 troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.34a) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps:

1. Clean the optical adapter 2. If the problem still persists, refer to the TMRX/TSRX fiber optic troubleshooting so as to

check if the optical cable or optical connection has any problem on DL path 3. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off, a reboot of both the TMRX-200 module

and of the TSRX-2xx/8 module (on the slave-side) could be performed so as to re-inizialize the link.

4. If the red LED still remains on, please check the alarm status by the LMT or the supervision unit in order to better understand the problem and its possible solution.

TMRX/TSRX fiber optic troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.34b)

1. Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If TMRX (TSRX) red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out. Otherwise, follow next steps.

2. Check if SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends. In case they are not, fix more firmly the SC-SPC connectors to their adapters. If the TMRX (TSRX) red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it better at both ends, then clean also the relevant SC-APC adapters. Re-connect the fibre to relevant ports after cleaning. If it doesn’t make TMRX (TSRX) red LED switch off, follow next steps.

4. Disconnect the fiber from the TMRX (TSRX) port, and measure the power Pout which comes out from the fiber. Then, go to the module where the other end of the fiber is connected (it can be either on the slave side and on the master side, depending on the fiber or on the jumper you are verifying), disconnect it and measure the input power Pin coming out of the port. Calculate the fibre attenuation A due to the fiberoptics cable: Af [dB] = Pin – Pout a. If ADL > 10 dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it with a new one. b. If ADL < 10 dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to

supervision system or contact the manufacturer for assistance.

TILx--HL

192 User Manual

TSRX-2xx/8 module troubleshooting Ordinary troubleshooting procedures which can be carried out on TMRX-200 module first involve a check of the optical adapters status and of the fiberoptics cables. If the alarm status still persists, a reboot of both the TMRX-200 module and of the TSRX-2xx/8 module can be performed so as to verify if the problem depends on a failed modem connectivity. Quick TSRX-2xx/8 troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.34c) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps:

1. Clean the optical adapter 2. If the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic DL troubleshooting so as to check if the

optical cable or optical connection has any problem on DL path 3. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off, a reboot of both the TSRX-2xx/8

module and of the TMRX-200 module (on the master side) could be performed so as to test modem connectivity.


TILx- -HL

start Is the red LED ON upon the TMRX 200?

Yes

No

Clean the SC-APC optical adapter and

connector No

Yes

end

Is red LED upon TMRX 200

still ON?

Optical cable or optical connections may have some problems. Refer to TMRX/TSRX fiberoptic


Yes Is red LED upon

TMRX 200 still ON?

No Reboot both the TMRX-200 module (on i-link slave side) and the TMRX-200

(on i-link master-side)

Is red LED upon TMRX 200

still ON?

Quick troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to supervision system or contact the

manufacturer

Yes

No

Fig. 5.34(a): Flow-chart describing the quick TMRX200 troubleshooting.

193MN024-08

TILx--HL

start

Is there any point where the fibre

experiences a small radius of curvature?

Rearrange the optical path to avoid sharp bends. If necessary replace the optical

cable with a longer one.

Is red LED upon TMRX/TSRX

still ON?


installed at both fibre ends? Fix better SC-

APC connectors

Yes

No

No Yes

No Yes

No

Yes

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TMRX/TSRX

Clean the optical SC-APC ports corresponding to both the fiber ends

Disconnect the fiber optic cable and clean it at

both ends.


Measure the output power at corresponding fibre end. Connect the adapter again

Go to the module where the other end of the fiber is connected,

disconnect the corresponding SC-APC connector , and measure the corresponding input power. Then

connect the adapter again.

Calculate fibre attenuation A[dB]=input power - output power

Is A > 10dB? Fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it.

Quick troubleshooting procedure has not identified any problem

on the fiber optics cable end

No Yes

No

Yes


ON?


still ON?

Fig. 5.34(b): Flow-chart describing the TMRX/TSRX fiberoptic troubleshooting.

194 User Manual

TILx- -HL

Fig. 5.34(c): Flow-chart describing the quick TSRX2xx/8 troubleshooting.

start Is the red LED ON upon the TSRX 2xx/8?

Yes

No


connector No

Yes

end

Is red LED upon TSRX 2xx/8

still ON?

Optical cable or optical connections may have some problems. Refer to TMRX/TSRX fiberoptic troubleshooting (fig. 5.34c)

Yes Is red LED upon

TSRX 2xx/8 still ON?

No Reboot both the TSRX-2xx/8 module (on i-link slave side) and the TMRX-200



still ON?

Quick troubleshooting procedure has not identified the problem. Refer to supervision system or

contact the manufacturer

Yes

No

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HLW

Module name:

WDM interconnect link

TILx-HLW

5.11.3. TILx-HLW i-link

Module description: The WDM interconnect link is a composite module, made up by a transmitter and a receiver module both on master and on slave side: • Master side -TDTX-300 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot) -TMRX-500 (receiver module, hosted by 1 subrack slot) • Slave side -TDTX-500 (transmitter module, hosted by 1 subrack slot) -TMRX-3xx/8 (receiver module, hosted by 3 subrack slots) The TILx – HLW kit is available in EU tri-band version (EGSM 900MHz, GSM 1800MHz, UMTS), in US dual-band version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, PCS 1900 MHz), and in hybrid version (SMR 800MHz & Cellular 800MHz, GSM 1800MHz, UMTS). These versions just differs in the slave-side receiver TSRX module, which is the only module whose features vary with the RF transmitting band. Block scheme

A scheme of the system, is reported hereinafter, so as describe the connections between the Interconnect-link modules and to give an insight of the function of the modules named above.

Fig.5.35 – Scheme of the WDM interconnect link

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196 User Manual

Main TILx-HLW functions:

Downlink: Uplink:

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Master side:

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the splitting/combining section, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the bus information, and transmission to the slave i-link modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

Slave side

• Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information, with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate the optical losses;

• Distribution of the RF signal to the TFLN optical TRXs, and demodulation of the bus information

Slave side:

• RF-to-Optical conversion of the signal coming from the TFLN optical TRXs, and transmission to the master i-link modules via fiberoptics cable;

• Modulation and RF-to-Optical conversion of the alarm information, and transmission to the master i-link modules via fiberoptics cable (on 1310 nm wavelength);

• Optical-to-RF conversion of signal and alarm information, with Automatic Gain Control (AGC) in order to compensate optical losses

• Distribution of the RF signal to the splitting/combining section, and demodulation of the alarm information

Master side:

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TDTX300 transmitter TMRX500 receiver

TILx--

HLW

1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the RF output port of the TMRX500 adjacent module

1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to the alarm output port of the TMRX500 adjacent module

TILx-HLW Master Side: TDTX300 transmitter + TMRX500 receiver

Optical port connected to slave TSRX3xx/8 (SC-APC)

Optical port connected to TMRX 500 master (SC-APC)

RF port connected to TMRX500 master (SMA-f)

Alarm in port connected to TMRX500 master (SMB-m)

Alarm out port connected to TDTX300 master (SMB-m)

RF port connected to TDTX300 master (SMA-f)

UL RF port (SMA-f)

DL RF port (SMA-f)

GREEN LED: power on RED LED: major alarm GREEN LED: power on

RED LED: major alarm

TDTX300 TMRX500

Optical port connected to TDTX300 master (SC-APC)



1 RF DL port, sent to the passive devices which interface the Britecell with the BTS

1 RF UL port, coming from the passive devices which interface the Britecell with the BTS

Fig. 5.36: WDM i-link master side is made up by a TDTX300 transmitter and by a TMRX500 receiver

TILx-HLW Master-side: RF ports

198 User Manual


TDTX300 transmitter: TMRX500 receiver

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Led colour Meaning



Led colour Meaning

Red Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL failure, AGC compensation failure


1 input port (1310 in), to be connected directly to the optical output port of the master-side TDTX300 transmitter

1 WDM TRX port (1310/1550), to be connected to the TSRX3xx/8 module on the slave side

1 output port (1310 out), to be connected directly to the optical input port of the master-side TMRX500 receiver


Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TMRX500 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TMRX failure.

Table 5.20. Summary of TDTX300 LEDs meaning

Table 5.21 summary of TMRX500 LEDs meaning

TILx-HLW Master-side: Optical ports

TILx-HLW Master-side: LED Alarms

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TDTX500 transmitter: TSRX 3xx/8 receiver

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8 RF DL ports, which can feed up to 8 TFLN local transmitters ;

8 RF UL ports, which can receive the UL signals from up to 8 TFLN local transmitters.

1 RF input port , to be connected directly to the RF output port of the TSRX3xx/8 adjacent module

1 alarm input port, to be connected directly to the alarm output port of the TSRX3xx/8 adjacent

TILx-HLW Slave-Side: TDTX500 transmitter + TSRX3xx/8 receiver

WDM I-link Slave-side: RF ports

RF port connected to TSRX3xx/8 slave (SMA-f)

RF Rx port from TDTX500 slave (SMA-f)

Optical port to be connected to TMRX-500 master (SC-APC)

Optical ports to connect each other by the fiber optic jumper

RF port connected to TSRX3xx/8 slave (SMB-m)

RF Rx port from TDTX500 slave (SMB-m)

GREEN LED: pwr on RED LED:major alarm


DL ports connected to TFLN DL ports (SMA-f)

UL ports connected to TFLN UL ports (SMA-f)

TDTX 500 TSRX 3xx/8

Fig.5.37: the WDM i-link master side is made up by a TDTX500 transmitter and by a TSRX3xx receiver

200 User Manual

TDTX 500 transmitter: TSRX 3xx/8 receiver:

TDTX500 transmitter: TSRX 3xx/8 receiver Warnings (to be read before the TILx-HLW installation) Dealing with optical output ports • The TDTX modules (both on master and on slave side) contain

semiconductor lasers. Invisible laser beams may be emitted from the

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HLW

Led colour Meaning



Led colour Meaning

Red Power supply failure, modem failure, RF UL and DL failure, AGC compensation failure


1 input port(1550 in), to be connected directly to the optical output port of the slave-side TDTX500 transmitter

1 WDM TRX port (1310/1550nm), to be connected to the TMRX500 module on the master side

1 output port (1550 out), to be connected directly to the optical input port of the slave-side TSRX 3xx/8 receiver


Two control LEDs (one green, one red) are placed on the TSRX3xx/8 front panel. The green LED describes the power supply status of the TDTX module, while the red LED describes the major TSRX failure.

WDM I-link Slave-side: Optical ports

WDM I-link Slave-side: LED Alarms

Table 5.23: Summary of TSRX3xx/8 LEDs meaning

Table 5.22: Summary of TDTX500 LEDs meaning

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optical output ports. Do not look towards the optical ports while equipment is switched on.

• Handling optical connections • When inserting an optical connector, take care to handle it so smoothly






Inserting or removing TDTX, TMRX, TSRX modules • Do not remove or insert any module into TPRN sub-rack before having

switched off main power supply. • Modules must be handled with care, in order to avoid damage to

electrostatic sensitive devices. • When installing the modules in the sub-rack, take care to alternate active



Positioning the TILx-HLW modules inside the subrack • The i-link modules at slave side should be installed in the middle of the

slave subrack, or at least they should have no more than 4 TFLN modules both on the right side and on the left side of the TSRX 3xx/8 module. This requirement is advised in order to allow connection between the TSRX module and all the TFLN transmitters (see fig. 5.39)

TILx-HLW installation The TILx-HLW modules are provided with: Both on master side and on slave side, the WDM i-link modules are to be housed into a TPRN active sub-rack.

TILx--

HLW

Master Cable Installation Kit: • 1 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF

jumpers • 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF

jumper • 1 Fiber Optic Jumper

Slave Cable Installation Kit: • 17 SMA-Male/SMA-Male RF

jumpers • 1 SMB-Female/SMB-Female RF

jumper • 1 Fiber Optic Jumper

202 User Manual

On the master-side station, the WDM i-link modules are to be housed into 2 adjiacent slots, chosen among the 12 available ones in the subrack. On the slave-side subrack, the WDM i-link modules are to be housed into 4 adjiacent slots: moreover, due to the particular cabling they require, these 4 adjiacent slots should be placed in mid-subrack, so that no more than 4 TFLN local units stay on each side of the WDM i-link modules (see fig. 5.39). Note: If the TILx-HLW modules are to be installed in an already working Master Unit, switch off the sub-racks before inserting the modules. Before inserting the boards into the TPRNx4 subracks, make sure to set proper RS485 addresses. A basic rule of the Britecell installation is that 2 subracks belonging to the same Master Unit should always have different RS485 addresses (please refer to “TPRN Installation” section): since the interconnect-link basically provides an extension of the Master Unit bus, any subrack on the i-link master-side should also have a RS485 address different from any subrack on the i-link slave side. Please refer to “TPRNx4 Installation” section for more information on setting the RS485 address. Firstly, carefully insert the TMRX-500 and the TDTX-300 boards in 2 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TMRX500 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX300 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Fix these RF jumpers to the RF ports through a proper torque wrench (not included). Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the master side. Take the optical jumper, clean the fibre connectors, and use it to connect the 1310 output port of the TDTX 300 and the 1310 input port of the TMRX500

TILx- -

HLW

Fig. 5.38: TILx-HLW master side

RF jumper (SMA-m / SMA-m)

RF jumper (SMB-f / SMB-f)

UL/DL optical cable

optical jumper

203MN024-08

module. Take a SC-APC fiber, clean the fibre termination, and connect it to the 1310/1550 TRX port of the TMRX 500 module (This fiber shall be directly connected to the 1310/1550 TRX port of the TSRX 3xx/8 on the slave-side subrack) Carefully insert the TSRX-3xx/8 and the TDTX-500 boards in 4 adjacent slots of the Master side subrack. As already explained, take care not to have more than 4 TFLN modules on each side of the i-link pieces. Lock the 4 screws on the corners of each boards. Use the provided SMA-m RF jumper in order to connect the RF Out Port of the TSRX 3xx/8 module to the RF In Port of the adjacent TDTX500 module. Use the SMB-f jumper to connect the 10.7MHz ports of the two boards. Use the longer RF jumpers (included) to connect each pair of TSRX UL and DL ports to the corresponding UL and DL ports of each TFLN module mounted on slave-side subrack. If less than 8 TFLNs are used at slave-side, make sure to mask the TSRX-3xx/8 unused DL and UL ports by SMA loads (not provided). Remove the protection cap from the optical ports of the 2 modules on the slave side. Take the optical jumper, clean the fibre connectors, and use it to connect the 1550 output port of the TDTX500 and the 1550 input port of the TSRX3xx/8 module. Connect the 1310/1550 TRX port of the TSRX3xx/8 module to the fiberoptics cable coming from the 1310/1550 TRX port of the TMRX500 module on the master-side.

As you switch on the system, carefully refer to the “TILx-HLW start-up” section.

TILx--

HLW

Fig. 5.39: TILx-HLW slave side

UL/DL optical cable Optical jumper

204 User Manual

Removing a TILx-HLW module To remove a TILx-HLW module, firstly switch off the TPRNx4 subrack which houses the module. Remove the fibers and the RF jumpers connected to the WDM i-link module which is going to be removed. Insert the caps on the optical ports which has just been disconnected. Unscrew the 4 screws at the corners of the WDM i-link module which is going to removed, and slowly remove the card. Put the card in its safety box TILx-WDM start-up Before both the master side station and the slave-side stations are switched on, make sure that: • all expected modules have been inserted into the Master Unit • the modules have been connected each other by RF jumpers, according to

what planned in the system design • the TILx-HLW master modules have been connected to the relevant TILx-

HLW slave modules through fiberoptics cables; • every TFLN master optical TRX has been connected to relevant remote


Unit • both on the master-side and on slave-side stations, different subracks are

connected each other via bus RS485 After that, remember that only when all the remote units are already on, the different subracks composing the Master Unit can be switched on. Once all the active subracks have been switched on, the behaviour of the different i-link modules can be summarized as follows:

o All the LEDs on the different TILx-HLW modules (both on master side and on slave side) turn on for a couple of seconds;

o After that, all the green LEDs on the different modules remain ON (thus indicating proper power supply), while the red LEDs switch off as soon as the master-side and the slave-side detect each other;

o During normal working operations, the status of the LED should be the one described in table 3.

o Once all the master-side and slave-side subracks have been switched on, the system should begin to work correctly. Anyway, in order that the i-link modules are recognized by the supervision management system, it is necessary that the system carries out the discovery phase (please refer to Supervision System Manual for more details). During this phase, whose duration depends on the system complexity and which can last at max. 4min, the TFLN LEDs blink. Do not connect/disconnect any

TILx- -

HLW

205MN024-08

cable or any piece of equipment during the discovery phase! This may result in failing the identification of some equipment.


o Finally, please note that the receiver module TSRX3xx/8 has only one connection with the subrack backplane, so that the LMT software and the supervision system will detect it as a 1-slot card. More in details, only the slot which hosts the TSRX LED alarms is recognized by LMT or supervision. The other 2 slots hosting the TSRX receiver are therefore to be masked through the LMT or the Supervision System Interface (please refer to the relevant user manuals) in order to avoid fictitious alarm notifications.

TILx-HLW troubleshooting Faults on the i-link modules can be revealed: • by LEDs on the front panels of the modules themselves • by the LMT software running on a PC connected to a master side or a slave-

side subrack via RS232 port; • by the supervision system interface managed by the remote supervision

unit, usually placed conveniently on the master-side. Both LMT and supervision system provide full information about the device causing the alarm. As a consequence, troubleshooting procedure can be very immediate when failure detection is directly carried out through LMT or supervision system. The tables 5.24, 5.25, 5.26, 5.27 report a brief description of alarm related to the different i-link modules, together with a reference to corresponding alerted LEDs and to possible recovery actions.

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206 User Manual

TDTX300 (master side) ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Vcc alarm

There is a degradation on the power supply

provided by the backplane


Optical Power < 1dB


near to the AGC working threshold (but it

can still compensate losses)

NONE MINOR


module at the other side of the imterconnect link

MINOR

Optical power < 3 dB



by the AGC.


Temperature Alarm Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING




circulation

MINOR

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HLW

Table 5.24: Description of the TDTX300 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

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TMRX500 (master side) ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Power supply alarm

There is a degradation in power supply distribution


AGC out of range


near to the AGC working threshold (but it can still compensate

losses)

NONE WARNING


module at the other side of the

imterconnect link

MINOR

Optical power fail


degradation which can no more be

compensated by the AGC






circulation

MINOR

FSK modem alarm


modulator/ demodulator RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

UL RF alarm UL Hardware failure RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR


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HLW

Table 5.25: Description of the TMRX500 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

208 User Manual

TDTX500 (slave side) ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Vcc alarm

There is a degradation on the power supply provided by the

backplane



The received optical power experiences a

degradation which is near to the AGC working

threshold (but it can still compensate losses)

NONE MINOR



side of the imterconnect link

MINOR



degradation which can no more be compensated by

the AGC.


Temperature Alarm Over-temperature alarm NONE WARNING




circulation

MINOR

TILx- -

HLW

Table 5.26: Description of the TDTX500 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

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TSRX3xx/8 (slave side) ALARM CODE (TSUN

description)

ALARM DESCRIPTION

ACTIVE LED


LEVEL

ACTION RECOMMENDED

RELÉ PRIORITY

LEVEL (subrack)

Power supply alarm

There is a degradation in power supply distribution RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

AGC out of range


near to the AGC working threshold (but it can still

compensate losses)

NONE WARNING

Check the optical loss / AGC status on the TSRX or TMRX module at the other side of the interconnect link

MINOR

Optical power fail



by the AGC



Check the subrack and cabinet ventilation, verify the environmental conditions involving heating and air circulation

MINOR

FSK modem alarm


modulator/demodulator RED CRITICAL Return the unit MAJOR

DL Low band RF alarm

HW failure on the DL RF low band RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

DL High band RF alarm

HW failure on the DL RF high band RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

DL UMTS RF alarm (only on TSRX 347/8 version)

HW failure on the DL RF UMTS band RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

UL Low band RF alarm

HW failure on the UL RF low band RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

UL High band RF alarm

HW failure on the UL RF high band RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR

UL UMTS RF alarm (only on TSRX 347/8 version)

HW failure on the UL RF UMTS band RED MAJOR Return the unit MAJOR


TILx--

HLW

Table 5.27: Description of the TSRX3xx/8 alarms, as they are described by the LMT software or by the supervisione interface

210 User Manual

As shown by these tables, the LEDs show only the alarms concerning the board where they are housed: so, a red LED which is switched on at TSRX front side reveals an alarm affecting the TSRX module itself (it does not deals with the alarms affecting the other module of the i-link slave-side, which is an TDTX300, and whose alarms will be detected by its own LEDs). Moreover, these tables show that the LEDs reveals only major alarms, whereas the minor alarms (i.e. the low priority ones) are revealed only by the LMT software or through the TSUN supervision system. The minor alarms usually detect critical situations which should be checked so as to avoid future possibile system faults. Although any alarm detected by a LED on the i-link modules should be verified through LMT or supervision software when an accurate check is needed, some ordinary maintenance procedures could be carried out quickly following the instructions described hereinafter. TDTX300 and TDTX500 troubleshooting The TDTX modules are basically two optical transmitters whose alarm status cannot be influenced by dirt optical adapters or by some problems in fiberoptics cables. If any red light is switched on in a TDTX front panel, please check if you have connected properly the RF jumpers. If the RF connections prove to be ok and the red LED keeps on switching on, please contact the manufacturer. TMRX500 module troubleshooting Ordinary troubleshooting procedures which can be carried out on TMRX500 module first involve a check of the optical adapters status and of the fiberoptics cables. If the alarm status still persists, a reboot of both the TMRX500 module and of the TSRX3xx/8 module can be performed so as to re-inizialize the link. Quick TMRX-500 troubleshooting procedure (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.40b) In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps: 1. Clean the optical adapter 2. If the problem still persists, refer to TMRX/TSRX fiber optical

troubleshooting so as to check if the optical connectors and, the optical cable and the optical jumpers have some problems.

3. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off, a reboot of both the TMRX500 module and of the TSRX3xx/8 module (on the slave-side) could be performed so as to test modem connectivity.


TILx- -

HLW

211MN024-08

TMRX/TSRX fibre optic troubleshooting (The following procedure is summarized by the flow-chart in fig. 5.40b)

1. Check if there is any point where fibre experiences a short radius of curvature. In this case, rearrange the optical path in order to avoid sharp bends (if necessary, replace the optical cable with a longer one). If TMRX (TSRX) red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successfully carried out. Otherwise, follow next steps.

2. Check if SC-APC connectors are properly installed at both fibre ends. In case they are not, fix more firmly the SC-SPC connectors to their adapters. If the TMRX (TSRX) red LED switches off, troubleshooting has been successful. Otherwise, follow next steps.

3. Disconnect the optical fibre and clean it better at both ends, then clean also the relevant SC-APC adapters. Re-connect the fibre to relevant ports after cleaning. If it doesn’t make TMRX (TSRX) red LED switch off, follow next steps.

4. Disconnect the fiber from the TMRX (TSRX) port, and measure the power Pout which comes out from the fiber. Then, go to the module where the other end of the fiber is connected (it can be either on the slave side and on the master side, depending on the fiber or on the jumper you are verifying), disconnect it and measure the input power Pin coming out of the port. Calculate the fibre attenuation A due to the fiberoptics cable: Af [dB] = Pin – Pout a. If Af > 10 dB, then the fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it

with a new one. b. If Af < 10 dB troubleshooting procedure has not identified the

problem. Refer to supervision system or contact the manufacturer for assistance.

TSRX3xx/8 module troubleshooting Ordinary troubleshooting procedures which can be carried out on TMRX200 module first involve a check of the optical adapters status and of the fiberoptics cables. If the alarm status still persists, a reboot of both the TMRX-500 module and of the TSRX3xx/8 module can be performed so as to re-inizialize the link. Quick TSRX3xx/8 troubleshooting procedure In case the red LED is ON, please follow these steps: 1. Clean the optical adapter 2. If the problem still persists, refer to the fibre optic troubleshooting so as to

check if the optical cable or optical connection has any problem. 3. If previous actions didn’t make the LED switch off, a reboot of both the

TSRX3xx/8 module and of the TMRX500 module (on the master side) could be performed so as to test modem connectivity.


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212 User Manual

TILx- -

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Fig. 5.40a: Flow-chart describing the quick TMRX500 troubleshooting.

start Is the red LED ON upon the TMRX 500?

Yes

No


connector No

Yes

end

Is red LED upon TMRX 500 still

ON?

Optical cable, optical jumper or optical connections may have some problems. Refer to TMRX/TSRX

fiberoptic troubleshooting (fig. 5.40b)

Yes Is red LED upon TMRX 500 still

ON?

No Reboot both the TMRX 500 module

(on i-link master side) and the TSRX-347/8 (on i-link slave-side)

Is red LED upon TMRX 500 still

ON?



Yes

No

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TILx--

HLW

Fig. 5.40b: Flow-chart describing the TMRX/TSRX fiberoptic troubleshooting.

start

Is there any point where the fibre

experiences a small radius of curvature?



still ON?


installed at both fibre ends? Fix better SC-APC connectors

Yes

No

No Yes

No Yes

No

Yes

Disconnect the optical SC-APC connector from TMRX/TSRX

Clean the optical SC-APC ports corresponding to both the fiber ends

Disconnect the fiber optic cable and clean it at both ends.


Measure the output power at corresponding fibre end. Connect the adapter again

Go to the module where the other end of the fiber is connected, disconnect the corresponding SC-APC connector , and measure the corresponding input power. Then connect the adapter again.

Calculate fibre attenuation A[dB]=input power - output power

Is A > 10dB? Fibre optic cable has some problems. Replace it.

Quick troubleshooting procedure has not identified any problem on the fiber optics cable

end

No Yes

No

Yes


ON?


still ON?

214 User Manual

TILx- -

HLW

start Is the red LED ON upon the TSRX 2xx/8?

Yes

No


connector No

Yes

end


still ON?

Optical cable or optical connections may have some problems. Refer to TMRX-TSRX fiberoptic troubleshooting (fig.5.40b)

Yes Is red LED upon

TSRX 2xx/8 still ON?

No Reboot both the TSRX-2xx/8 module (on i-link slave side) and the TMRX-200



still ON?



Yes

No

Fig. 5.40c: Flow-chart describing the quick TSRX3xx/8 troubleshooting.

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5.11. Remote Supply TRS/TRSN

TRS TRSN

217MN024-08

The TRS/TRSN is a sub-rack unit which provides remote supply to up to 24 remote units, by means of dedicated outputs with short-circuit protection switches. It is available in 2 versions. The TRSN version is able to supply 1 A per port and it can feed all remote units. The TRS version is able to supply 0.5A per port: it can feed only single and dual band TFAN remote units, as well as the TFAM20 one. The TRS/TRSN unit provides DC power supply to the remote units through standard AWG14/16 copper lines. Maximum allowed distances depend on the section of these copper lines, on the remote unit current consumption, and on the voltage range.

TRS TRSN

(a)

(b)

Fig. 5.41. (a) Front panel of a TRSN or a TRS sub-rack provided with 24 power supply outputs. (b) Front panel of a TRSN sub-rack provided with 12 power supply outputs.

Short-circuit protection switches

Power outputs

Short-circuit protection switches

Power outputs

218 User Manual

Ports The TRSN version (suitable to all types of remote units) is available with • 12 supply outputs • 24 supply outputs

It can supply 1 A per port. The TRS version (suitable to single and dual band TFAN remote units and to TFAM20) is available with 24 supply outputs. It can supply 0.5 A per port. Power supply Both the TRS and the TRSN subracks can be feeded either by 115 Vac mains or by 230 Vac mains (50/60Hz). The proper feeding voltage has to be selected through a voltage selector which is placed on the back panel, near the mains connector . Thanks to the active distribution system (please refer to the electrical scheme in fig. 5.45a), a -48 Vdc power supply be conveyed to the remote units connected to the output ports.

TRS TRSN

Fig. 5.42. Picture of 12- output TRSN subrack.

Voltage selector

Ground screw

Mains connector and

Fig. 5.43. Picture of the rear side of the TRS/TRSN subrack feeded by 115Vac-230Vac mains (a). Mains connector, fuse, voltage selector and ground screw on the TRS/TRSN rear panel(b).

(a) (b)

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The TRSN subrack is also available in passive version TRSNx-3, which can be feeded by direct current (–72 to –36 Vdc). In this case, the -48 Vdc current is conveyed to the remote units thanks to a passive distribution system (please refer to fig. 5.45b). Please read carefully the cabling instructions in order to connect the provided power cable to the poles of the -48 Vdc connector properly (see fig.5.44b).

Ground terminals are part of the power supply connectors. External grounding terminals (screw) are also available (see fig. 5.43a,b) Mains connectors also house the following fuses:

• 250V, 4A delayed type for the active version (feeded by 115 Vac mains or by 230 Vac mains)

• -48V, 15A delayed type for the passive version (feeded by -48 Vdc supply)

TRS TRSN

Fig. 5.44. (a): Power supply connector, fuse, voltage selector and ground screw on the the rear side of the TRSN subrack feeded by -48 Vdc current TRS/TRSN rear panel. (b) Cabling instructions for the -48 Vdc connector

(b)(a)

(a)

Fig. 5.45. (a) Active distribution system used by a TRS/TRSN subrack feeded by 115Vac-230Vac mains (b) Passive distribution system used by a TRSN subrack feeded by a -48 Vdc power supply,

220 User Manual

Warnings • Caution: do not open the unit before disconnecting the mains. Internal

assemblies can be accessed by qualified personnel only. • Do not connect supply outputs to remote units before switching off the

unit or disconnecting the mains. Being a DC supply provided, a wrong connection can damage the remote unit. Verify the proper polarity before switching on the equipment

TRS/TRSN installation The TRS/TRSN sub-rack should be placed as close as possible to the TPRN to allow an easy cabling in case of mixed fibre-copper cables. If the sub-rack mounting location is not provided with a good air circulation, leave at least one unit free between sub-racks. The kit includes • 1 TRS/TRSN • 1 power cable To install the TRS/TRSN remote supply unit follow next steps:

1. Fix the TRS/TRSN sub-rack to the cabinet with 4 screws 2. During the installation phase don’t connect the power cable to the main

power line and don’t switch on the TRS/TRSN 3. Set the switch in accordance with your main power line (115 Vac or 230

Vac) for universal mains option. In case of negative supply option (-48 Vdc), no switch is provided. Then connect the ground screw.

4. Before connecting the wires from TRS/TRSN to the remote units, open all the fuses pulling the red circle then connect electrical wires for the remote units (5.46c)

5. When all electrical wires have been connected and the system is ready to start, connect the power cable, switch on the TRS/TRSN. Push one fuse at a time (5.46b).

Each remote unit can be switched on/off by the relevant switch. The Pictures 5.46 below show how to do it.

TRS TRSN

Fig. 5.46 Short circuit protection switches. (a): OFF position . (b): ON position: push down the black button. (c): Pull out the red collar in order to switch off.

(a) (b) (c)

221MN024-08

If a surge or an overloading condition occur the switch automatically jump into an OFF position. TRS/TRSN behaviour at start-up • Check if power supply voltage selector is in the correct position (115 or 230

Vac). In passive distribution version this selector is not present. • Have all the switches in off position • Check the connection polarity is not wrong • Power on the TRS/TRSN unit through the back general switch • Power on each remote unit through the front panel switches • Check if the remote units shows the proper green supply led on TRS/TRSN troubleshooting If the remote unit doesn't appear to be properly supplied: • Check the fuses on the rear panel • Check the voltage at the front panel screw connectors: nominal value

without load is -59Vdc, nominal value with full load is -48Vdc. If those values are exceeded by 10% check if the mains are within the allowed limits. In passive distribution version, the output voltage depends on the supply source.

• Check the voltage at the remote side it should be in the range -36 to -72 Vdc that is the maximum allowed range admitted by the remote units.

If the protection switch jump always in OFF position • Check if there is any short on the line • Check if the remote unit shows the nominal current power consumption • Check if there was any long period overshooting related to the mains

supply. If the fuses blow up after a power-on with all the front switches on, there should be a too high initial peak current transient: check the proper fuse (delayed type) or substitute with an higher current fuse (i.e. 6A or 10A). If the problem still persists check the proper ground /mains connection.

TRS TRSN

222 User Manual

6. Warning and Safety Requirements

223MN024-08

6.1. Environmental Conditions This equipment is designed to be installed in indoor environments.

Operating temperature: +5 to +40°C (for all the pieces of equipment,

except remote units case L)

-20 to +50°C (only for remote units case L)

Do not install in corrosive atmosphere or in critical environmental conditions such as hazardous classified areas (1).

6.2. Installation Site Features A trained technician should carry out the installation of the master unit. Since the system is designed for indoor installation, the master unit should be installed in a dry and suitable location where:

• no explosion risks is present; • the environment is not classified as a high-risk one in case of fire; • suspended particles are not to be found in great concentration; • the environment is not subject to any traffic which could cause crash

damages; • the site is properly located with respect to the ergonomic positioning of the

working environments; • the system is placed in a private room, protected against any possible

violation; • do not install the system in direct sunlight or in place where water may

drop on the device (for example under air-conditioning equipment). • the site must be accessible by maintenance personnel; • the site must be dry, with low humidity; • the site must guarantee proper space for cables and natural ventilation to

the system; • 2 meters must be kept between the rack and any heating opening.

The remote units should be mounted in reasonable locations as well:

• do not install remote units inside heating or conditioning; • do not install remote units inside cable pipeline or fire-prevention site (fire

escape, lift tunnels, emergency exits, which have to guarantee defined safety standards);

• keep into consideration that the temperature in the upper part of a room is higher than at 2 meter height. For false ceiling installation of case-A and case-B remote units, verify that the environment temperatures do not exceed allowed limits;

224 User Manual

• each remote unit requires its own power and a connection to the mains can be needed;

• keep into consideration that each remote unit transmits RF signal and safety volume must be respected (refer to country regulations for safety volume magnitude);

• remote units must be mounted according to what specified in the relevant installations instructions;

• Weight and dimensions of case-L and case-F remote units should be carefully considered when choosing the installation site and positioning. During any installation step, please consider the potential risk of any equipment drop off

• When choosing the installation site and position, please consider that any remote units must be accessible for tests and maintenance.

(1) Hazardous locations are those areas "where fire or explosion hazards may exist due to flammable gases or vapours, flammable liquids, combustible dust, or ignitable fibres or flyings"

6.3. Safety and Precautions during Installation or maintenance

During installation the following means and tools will be needed:

Typical electrician tools: cross-point screwdriver, scissors, pliers, nippers, drill and bits, screws for fixing remote units to the wall. Typical means: proper ladder, scaffolding or air platform for installation of remote units.

CAUTION: some modules are electrostatic-sensitive devices; electrostatic discharges are caused by direct contact or by an electrostatic field. If a charged body approaches an electrically conducting surface, the acquired potential is discharged. An equalising current can than flow in the associated circuitry and generate permanently damaging voltages by induction. The human body should be grounded at the same potential as the component or equipment being handled. A wrist strap creates an equipotential electrical connection between the object and the human. CAUTION: Do not paint or otherwise coat Britecell Plus equipment. CAUTION: Great caution should always be used when installing any equipment at a height upper than 2 meters. Personnel who are installing this equipment should be informed about the possible risks and safety measures when elevated.

225MN024-08

CAUTION: Case-F and Case-L remote units are provided with some door panels which have to be managed with care during installation or maintenance operations.. Always switch off the remote while working with the panel opened. When closing the panels, take care not to leave any tool inside the equipment, not to hurt your fingers, and not to trap clothes, bracelets, chains, or long hair. Never remove the cover from a TFAx remote unit or from a TPRN subrack when the power supply is ON.

6.4. Power Supply Connection Power connection has to be carried out following all necessary precautions:

• it must be properly made according to the due diligence rules (ex.: EN rules, IEC rules, etc.);

• in accordance with the rules for safety against direct or indirect contacts; • in accordance with the rules for safety against the over current (short

circuit, overloading); • in accordance with the rules for safety against over voltage; • connection is to be carried out by proper and competent staff

CAUTION In North America this equipment is to be installed in accordance to National Electric Code (NEC) ANSI/NFPA 70 and Canadian Electric Code (CEC) Part 1, C22.1. CAUTION Do not remove or insert any module into the TPRN sub-rack without prior switching power supply off. CAUTION Do not connect AC power until you have verified that the line voltage is correct.

Do not remove the plastic cover of the external power supply adapter.

226 User Manual

6.5. Safety and Precautions for Lasers The optical transmitter used in Britecell Plus contains a laser which has a power level that is not dangerous for health. However it is classified as class 1 equipment (in accordance to EN60825). It is nevertheless prudent in the installation phase to observe the following rules:

• Never look directly inside the optic connector exit of the transmitters when it is switched on. The wavelength of the laser is not visible to the human eye, which means that long-term damage will not be immediately known.

• When working with the optical connectors, check at each end that both

transmitting lasers are switched off.

6.6. Health and Safety Warnings Antenna installation must conform within the following guidelines to meet FCC RF exposure limits, otherwise an environmental evaluation is required if:

Broadband PCS (subpart E): Non building mounted antennas: Height above ground level to lowest point of antenna< 10m Radio (Part 24) and total

power of all channels > 2000 W ERP (3280 W EIRP)

Building-mounted antennas: Total power all channels>2000W ERP (3280W EIRP)

Narrowband PCS (subpart D): Non-building-mounted antennas: Height above ground level to lowest point of antenna < 10m Radio (Part 24) and

total power of all channels > 1000 W ERP (1640 W EIRP).

Building-mounted antennas: Total power of all channels > 1000 W ERP (1640 W EIRP).

Cellular Radiotelephone Service (Part 22, subpart H):

Non-building-mounted antennas: Height above ground level to lowest point of antenna < 10m Radio (Part 22) and total power of all channels > 1000 W ERP (1640 W EIRP).


Paging and Radiotelephone Service (Part 22, subpart E):



Private Land Mobile Radio\Specialized Mobile Radio (Part 90):



227MN024-08

To meet RSS Canadian standards the following guidelines has to be taken into account:

• The manufacturer rated output power of the equipment is for single carrier

operation. For situations in which multiple carrier signals are present, the rating would have to be reduced by 3.5dB especially when the output signal is re-radiated and can cause interference to adjacent band users. This power reduction is to be by means of input power or gain reduction and not by an attenuator at the output of the device.

• To satisfy RF exposure requirements, the antenna(s) used for the system must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20cm from all people and the highest antenna gain which can be used is 12dBi.

6.7. Electromagnetic Fields and RF Power Britecell Plus system generates electromagnetic radiation, which can exceed safety levels in the immediate vicinity of the antenna. The most widely accepted standards are those developed by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Formula for minimum safety distances The formula for calculating the minimum safety distances uses the specifications of a particular antenna that could be driven by TFAx.

( )

SPr

LG

π410 10

min

−

= (6.1)

This equation includes the following factors:

• G is the antenna gain (in dB) compared to isotropic radiating antenna;

• P is the RF power that is present at the antenna connector (in W);

• L is the total loss (in dB) between the TFAx remote unit output port and the antenna input port;

• S is the maximum allowed power density in air (in W/m2). Its values should be calculated according to the limit exposures to time-varying and magnetic fieds. The reference values are reported in ICNIRP guidelines, unless otherwise specified by specific regulations.

228 User Manual

(please note that, if regulations only define the maximum electrical field strength and the maximum magnetic field strength, the allowed power density can be obtained as: S= E2/377= B2·377, where 377 is the characteristics impedance of the empty space). Example 1. Let’s suppose to use a High Power TFAH20 to distribute CDMA signals through a directional antenna, feeded by a 2-metre length RG223 cable (no splitters used). Let’s suppose the antenna gain is 7 dB. Let’s assume, moreover, that the maximum allowed power density we have to comply with is: S = 10 W m-2 (typical ICNIRP reference level for general public exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields). By reading the Britecell bulletin, we know that the output power P at the TFAH20 antenna port is 37 dBm (=5.012 W). By reading the cable specs, we get that RG223 cable losses can be estimated as 0.55 dB/m. Total losses between the TFAH20 output port and the antenna input port can therefore be estimated as follows:

L = 0.55 (dB/m) x 2 (m) = 1.1 dB

By replacing the above values of G, L, P, S parameters inside the relation 6.1, we therefore get the the following minimum safety distance from the antenna: rmin = 10 · exp [ (7 - 1.1) / 10 ] · 5.012 / (4·π·10) · exp (-1/2) = 0.394 m Example 2. Let’s suppose to use a Low Power TFAM85/19 through a directional antenna, feeded by a 5 -metre length RG223 cable with a 2-way splitter. Let’s suppose that the antenna Gain is 7 dB and that our Britecell system distributes one Cellular800 carrier and one PCS 1900. Let’s assume that the maximum allowed power density we have to comply with is: S = 50 W·m2 (typical ICNIRP reference level for occupational exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields) By reading the Britecell bulletin, we know that the output power per carrier at the TFAM antenna port is 21 dBm (=0.126 W) for the Cellular 850 MHz frequency band, and 20 dBm (0.1 W) in the PCS 1900 MHz frequency band. The total output power at the antenna port is therefore P = 0.126 + 0.1 = 0.226 W. Let’s assume that the splitter insertion losses are 3.5 dB. By reading the cable specs, we get that RG223 cable losses can be estimated as 0.55 dB/m. Total losses between the TFAM85/19 output port and antenna input port can therefore be estimated as follows:

L = 0.55 (dB/m) x 5 (m) + 3.5 = 5.25 dB

By replacing the above values of G, L, P, S parameters inside the relation 6.1, we therefore get the the following minimum safety distances from the antenna:

229MN024-08

rmin = 10 · exp [ (7 - 5.25) / 10 ] · 0.226 / (4·π·50) · exp (-1/2) = 0.023 m Example 3. Let’s suppose to have a Low Power TFAM90/20 connected to an omnidirectional antenna through a 20-metre length ½” cable (no splitters used). Let’s suppose that the antenna Gain is 7 dB and that our Britecell system distributes two GSM900 carriers and one UMTS2100 carrier. Moreover, let’s assume that the maximum allowed electrical field strength is:

E = 6 V m (typical Italian reference level for exposure to time-varying electric and magnetic fields). The corresponding value of the maximum allowed power density is:

S = E2 /377 = 0.1 W/m2 By reading the Britecell bulletin, we get that the output power at the TFAM antenna port is 14 dBm/carrier (=0.025 W) for a 2-carrier GSM900 MHz distribution, and 17 dBm (0.05 W) for 1 WCDMA carrier. The 900 MHz and 2100 MHz output powers at the remote unit ports are:

P900MHz,TFAx = 0.025W+0.025W=0.05W (for 900MHz signals) P2100MHz,TFAx= 0.05W (for 2100MHz signals)

Let’s assume that the ½” cable losses are 0.07 dB/m in the 900 MHz band and 0.18 dB/m in the 2100 MHz band; the total losses between the TFAM90/20 output port and the antenna input ports can therefore be estimated as follows:

L900MHz = 0.07 (dB/m) x 10 (m) = 0.7 dB on 900MHz signals L2100MHz=0.18 (dB/m) x 10 (m) =1.8 dB on 2100MHz signals

The term “10 exp (G-L/10) P” which appears inside the relation 6.1 should therefore be calculated apart for each frequence, and then added in order to calculate the composite contribution: P900MHz, ant = 10 exp[(7-0.7)/10]· 0.05 = 0.213 W P2100MHz,ant = 10 exp[(7-1.8)/10]·0.05 = 0.165 W Pcomposite= P900MHz, ant + P2100MHz,ant= 0.378W

By dividing the total power through (4·π·S) and taking the square root according to the relation 6.1, we therefore get the the following minimum safety distances from the antenna: rmin = Pcomposite /(4·π·0.1) · exp (-1/2) = 0.54 m

230 User Manual

6.8. Warning Labels

CLASS 1 laser product

GROUND - Use this terminal for a safety ground connection of the equipment.

When this equipment is no longer used,

please do not throw it into a trush container as unsorted municipal waste. Waste electrical electronic equipment (WEEE) must be collected apart and disposed of according to the European Directives 2002/96/EC and 2003/108/EC. In order to comply with the proper WEEE disposal, it is suggested that you contact the manufacturer. Any failure to comply with the above regulations will be punished through fines Please refer to Appendix B for further details about the equipment disposal

Fig. 6.1: Laser safety Label

Fig. 6.2: Ground Label

Fig. 6.3: WEEE Identification Label

231MN024-08

7. TECHNICAL SUPPORT Andrew Corporation offers technical support by providing these 24-Hour call services:

North America (toll free) to U.S.A.

Telephone 1-800-255-1479

Fax 1-800-349-5444

Any Location (International) to U.S.A.

Telephone + 1(708) 349-3300

Fax + 1 (708) 349-5410 Britecell Plus is developed by:

Andrew Wireless Systems Srl Via Pier De Crescenzi 40

48018 Faenza, Italy Tel: +39.0546.697111 Fax: +39.0546.682768

Useful information about the product are available on the dedicated pages of Andrew’s website: http://www.andrew.com/products/inbuilding/ For further information about the product, please write to: [email protected] In order to address us any question, comment or suggestion, you can also go to following page of the Andrew’s website: http://www.andrew.com/contactus/contact.aspx?ct=11

7.1. Returning equipment Before returning some equipment to the manufacturer for repairing or replacing, the customer should give prior notice to the manufacturer and ask the Return Material Authorisation (RMA request).

232 User Manual

Before sending any piece of equipment to the manufacturer, you must send us the following RMA request form via fax (+39 0546 682768) or via e-mail ([email protected]). RMA REQUEST FORM 1Please refer to the serial label Upon accepting your RMA request, the manufacturer will assign you a unique RMA code. You will therefore be able to return the equipment to the manufacturer. Please remember that: • each piece of equipment must be packaged with care before shipment; • a copy of the RMA request form must be enclosed inside the returning

equipment packaging, with the clear indication of the RMA code you received from the manufacturer.

The returned pieces can be repaired (when possible) or replaced (when no repairing can be carried out). These operations can be performed under warranty (please see the warranty conditions specified in the sales contract) or out-of-warranty. In the latter case, we will send you a quotation for equipment repairing or replacement. When returning the repaired or replaced equipment, the manufacturer will issue a check report, which will included in the packaging together with the returned pieces. The customer will be informed about any corrective actions suggested by quality assurance.

Company name Address Contact person Invoice number Delivery note N°. of pieces Model1 Serial Number1 Lot1 Year1 Description of the Failure/defect

233MN024-08

Appendix A: System Commissioning The following flow charts want to be a quick reference for Britecell Plus® system installation and commissioning. The first flow chart (see Fig. A.1) highlights the main steps for system installation and commissioning starting from the equipment unpacking up to the check of the coverage and call quality.

Fig. A.1: Flow-chart describing main installation and commissioning steps

START UNPACK THEEQUIPMENT

ARE THEREANY

BOXES LEFT?

YES

NO

INSTALL AND CABLEMASTER UNIT

INSTALL AND CABLEREMOTE UNITS

(see flow chart in Fig. 29)

EVERYTHINGCOMPLETED?

YES

NO

CALCULATEATTENUATION VALUE

USING BRITETOOL(see Britetool Manual)

SET DL AND ULATTENUATION

START UP THE SYSTEM(see flow-chart in Fig. 30)

IS SYSTEMWORKING

PROPERLY?

YES

NOGO THROUGHTROUBLESHOOTING

PROCEDURE

IS NOWWORKING

PROPERLY?

DO THE WALK TEST TOVERIFY COVERAGE (DL)

AND MAKE A CALL TOVERIFY ITS QUALITY (UL)

YES

NO

ISCOVERAGE

AND CALL QUALITYOK?

YES

NO

CHECK DL LEVEL WITH ASPECTRUM ANALYSER

CHECK THE DESIGN ANDCHANGE IT IFNECESSARY

END

234 User Manual

The previous flow chart contains the following cross references:

• the master unit installation and cabling is described in more details in the flow chart in figure A.3. It takes care of the flow of actions from the sub-rack mounting on the cabinet up to the settings and connections needed in case a remote supervision has to be considered. An example of system layout at master unit side is presented in figure A.2 for a configuration consisting in 1 sector with 4 TFLN master optical TRXs. For more details about TSUNx configuration and start-up refer to the Remote Supervision manual.

• once the whole system has been installed, the attenuation on the base station interface has to be defined in order to set up the performances. Use the Britetool Software to calculate the required attenuation values for uplink and downlink. Refer to Britetool manual for more information on how to use it.

• the system start-up is described in more details in the flow chart in figure A.4. It takes care of the flow of actions from the remote and

UL

UL

DL

RF INDL

TBSI

RF IN

AUX MAIN

UL

DL

1 3

2 4

=

TFLN

1

2

3

4

UL DLRXs TXs

AUX MAIN

UL

DL

1 3

2 4

=

TFLN

1

2

3

4

UL DLRXs TXs

AUX MAIN

UL

DL

1 3

2 4

=

TFLN

1

2

3

4

UL DLRXs TXs

AUX MAIN

UL

DL

1 3

2 4

=

TFLN

1

2

3

4

UL DLRXs TXs

UL DL

1

2

3

4

Fig. A.2: Cabinet layout for a 1 sector with 4 TFLN master optical TRXs configuration

235MN024-08

master unit switch on and discovery up to the system configuration through LMT Software and/or remote supervision system. For more details on how to use LMT and about TSUNx configuration and start-up refer to relevant manuals.

• in case the system is not working properly, refer to the troubleshooting procedures reported into relevant sections.

START MOUNT THE SUBRACKINTO THE CABINET

SET THE SUBRACKBAUD RATE

(THE SAME FOR ALL)(see Fig. 16 and Tab. 6)

SET THE SUBRACKADDRESS

(DIFFERENT FOR EACH)(see Fig. 16 and Tab. 7)

IS THERE ANY OTHER SUBRACK?

YES

NO

INSERT ALL THEBOARDS INTO THE

SUBRACK ACCORDINGTO DESIGN

CONNECT THE BOARDSUSING RF CABLE KITS

PROVIDED

ARE ALLBOARDS INSERTED AND

CONNECTED?

NO YES IS THERE ATSUN1 OR TSUN3

DEVICE?

YES CONNECT TSUNx COM2PORT TO ONE

SUBRACK RS232 PORT

NO

IS THERE ATSUN6 DEVICE?

NO

YES

CONNECT SUBRACKSIN A DAISY CHAIN

USING RS485 PORTS

CONNECT THEPOWER CABLES

SWITCH ON THESUBRACK ONLY AFTERHAVING CONNECTEDTHE REMOTE UNITS

END

Fig. A.3: Flow-chart describing master unit installation and cabling steps

236 User Manual

STARTARE ALL

REMOTE UNITSSWITCHED ON?

YES

NO SWITCHTHEM ON

ARE ALLSUBRACKS SWITCHED

ON?

NO SWITCHTHEM ON

YES

WAIT UNTILDISCOVERY IS FINISHED

(TFLN general alarm LED stop blinking)

CONNECT A LAPTOPTO THE RS232

SUBRACK PORT

RUN LMTSELECT

QUICK CONFIGURATIONMENU

MASKSLOTS

(see LMT manual)

IS MASTER UNITWORKING

PROPERLY?

YES

NOFOLLOWTROUBLESHOOTING

PROCEDURE

AREREMOTE UNITS

WORKINGPROPERLY?

YES

NOFOLLOWTROUBLESHOOTING

PROCEDURE

IS SUPERVISIONSYSTEM INCLUDED?

YES

CONNECT THE LAPTOPTO TSUNx LAN PORT

OPEN AN INTERNET BROWSERAND TYPE DEFAULT ADDRESS(see Remote Supervision manual)

LOGIN

ACCESSCONFIGURATION MENUAND REBOOT TO APPLY

CHANGES

NO

ACCESSCONNECTIVITY MENU

AND RUN SYSTEMDISCOVERY

IS SUPERVISIONSYSTEM WORKING?

YES

NO

CHECK FOR CONFIGURATIONAND RUN SYSTEM DISCOVERY

AGAIN

IS SUPERVISIONSYSTEM NOW

WORKING?

NO YESEND

HAS DISCOVERYSTARTED?

(TFLN general alarm LED blinking)

NO

YES

ENABLE IT THROUGH THE LMT ORREMOTE SUPERVISION SYSTEM

(see relevant manuals)

MASKTFA

(see LMT manual)

Fig. A.4: Flow-chart describing system start-up steps

237MN024-08

Appendix B: EU Guidelines for WEEE disposal All Britecell Plus products are properly labelled (please refer to fig. B.1) so as to inform the customer that no piece of equipment should be treated as unsorted municipal waste. Within the EU boundariers, any Britecell Plus equipment which is no longer used should be treated and disposed of according to European Directives 2002/96/EC and 2003/108/EC. The above regulations state that Waste Electric Electronic Equipment (WEEE) have to be disposed of by authorised centers with proper license for WEEE treatment. The customer can decide to dispose of the unused equipment only if he owns a WEEE disposal licence. Otherwise, he should contact the manufacturer or any center which is authorised for WEEE treatment. Any failure to comply with the above regulations will be punished through a penalty whose amount and terms are set by each EU Member State. The information reported hereinafter (table B.1) are aimed to provide the costumer and/or the WEEE treatment center with any information about recycling and disposing of the Britecell Plus equipment. These guidelines fall within Andrew’s efforts to increase re-use, recycling and other forms of recovery, leading to a reduction in the amount of waste going to landfill or incineration.

Products Recyclable materials

Wastes to be disposed of by approved companies (licensees for European Waste No. 160216)

Hazardous materials

TFAx Case A TFAx Case B

• Alluminium (external case) • Metal (RF connectors,

screws, bottom cover) • Plastic (optical connectors

and adapters)

• cables, fiberoptics cables, internal circuit boards

• psu, inlet (for any TFAx Case A, except TFAM20)

• None

TPSN Power Supply

• Plastic (external case; inlet and plug in the 220 Vac version)

• Metals (wall bearing; screws)

• Cables, internal circuit board

• Electrolytic capacitors

Fig. B.1: WEEE Identification Label

238 User Manual

TFAH Case F • Alluminium (external case) • Metal (RF connectors,

screws, cavity filters) • Plastic (optical connectors

and adapters ; power connector; )

• cables, fiberoptics cables, internal circuit boards, psu, inlet

• None

TFAH Case L • Alluminium (external case; wall-fixing plates; pipe connection and PG 13,5 ; strain reliefs)

• Metal (RF connectors, screws, cavity filters)

• Plastic (optical connectors and adapters ; power connector; )

• cables, fiberoptics cables, internal circuit boards, psu, inlet

• None

TKA installation kit • Alluminium (wall bearing) • None • None

TPRN • Alluminium (external case) • Metal (screws, bottom

cover) • Plastic (black guides

housing the modules)

• cables, internal circuit boards, psu, inlet

• None

TFLN • Alluminium (front panel) • Metal (RF connectors,

screws) • Plastic (optical connectors

and adapters ; side protections of the electronic board)

• cables, fiberoptics cables, internal circuit board

• None

TFLF • Metal (RF connectors, screws)

• Plastic (optical connectors and adapters ; side protections of the electronic board)

• cables, fiberoptics cables, internal circuit board

• None

TLCN2, TLCN4, TLDN,TLTN, TDPX, TMP

• Alluminium (front panel) • Metal (RF connectors,

screws)

• cables, internal circuit board

• None

TBSI • Alluminium (front panel) • Metal (RF connectors,

screws) • Plastic (handles on the

TBSI front panel)


• None

TWLI • Alluminium (front panel) • Metal (RF connectors,

screws) • Plastic (buttons on the front

panel)


• None

TILx • Alluminium (front panel) • Metal (RF connectors,

screws) • Plastic (optical connectors

and adapters ; side protections of the electronic board)

• cables, fiberoptics cables, internal circuit boards

• None

239MN024-08

TRS / TRSN • Alluminium (external case) • Metal (screws) • Copper (Transformers

model with active distributions)

• cables, internal circuits, circuit breakers

• None

TSUN 6 • Alluminium (front panel) • Metal (screws)

• Internal circuit board • None

TSUN 1 / TSUN 3 • Metal (screws, external case)

• Internal circuit board, psu, inlet

• None

Table B.1. Guidelines on recycling and disposing of Britecell Plus electrical and electronic equipment

andrew britecell plus user manual

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