andreas graw - uni-muenchen.de · principles of carbon nanotubes graphene unit cell (a) in real...
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optical properties of carbon nanotubes
Andreas Graw
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motivation
Schematic sketch of a FET (source: IBM)
Sketch of a display based on CNTs as emitter(source: K. Dean, Nature Photonics 1, 273 - 275 (2007) )
Fluorescence of SWCNT(source: Rice University)
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outline
motivation
principles of carbon nanotubes
electronic properties
optical propertiesraman spectroscopyfluorescence
outlook
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principles of carbon nanotubes
graphene unit cell(a) in real space (b) first Brillouin zone
Source: M. Engel: Graphene and Carbon Nanotube based optoelectronic devices (2012)
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principles of carbon nanotubes
Tight binding modelOnly nearest neighbor interaction
Source: M. Engel: Graphene and Carbon Nanotube based optoelectronic devices (2012)
with empirical parameters ϵ2p and γ0
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principles of carbon nanotubes
electronic band structureConduction and valence band touch at six distinct points at the Fermi energy
Source: M. Engel: Graphene and Carbon Nanotube based optoelectronic devices (2012)
E F
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electronic properties
electronic band structurequantization of allowed states along and the continuity of states along
Source: Bo Xu: Phonon Scattering and Electron Transport in Single Wall Carbon Nanotube (2013)
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principles of carbon nanotubes
electronic band structure
Source: H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)
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optical properties
Raman spectroscopyInelastic scattering of monochromatic lightdue to interaction with molecular vibrations
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optical properties
Raman spectroscopystronger Raman signal for resonance with van Hoven singularities
→ information about DOS of CNTs
Source: M. Dresselhaus: Raman Spectroscopy on isolated single wall carbon nanotubes Carbon 40, 2043-2061 (2002)
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optical properties
Raman RBM
Source: H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)
D (nm)=248ωRBM
Source: S. Bachilo: Structure-assigned optical spectra of single walled carbon nanotubes, Science 298 (2002)
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optical properties
optical transitionsfluorescence
λ11 (nm) E11 (eV) Helicity (n,m)
952 1.302 (8,3)
1023 1.212 (7,3)
1053 1.177 (10,2)
1122 1.105 (7,6)
1172 1.058 (8,6)
1250 0.992 (10,3)
1323 0.937 (9,7)
1376 0.901 (12,2)
Source: H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)
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optical properties
extinction of bundled SWNT
Source: H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)
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optical properties
fluorescence
Source: H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)
red shift of fluorescence of approximately 45/cm from absorption spectrum
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optical properties
single SW-CNT spectroscopy
Source: H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)
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optical properties
single SW-CNT spectroscopy
Source: H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)
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optical properties
length dependence of fluorescence
Source: T. Cherukuri: Length- and Defect-Dependent Fluorescence Efficiencies of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, ASC 6 (2012)
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optical properties
coulomb interactions - excitonsdiscrepancy with tight binding model
Source: S. Bachilo: Structure-assigned optical spectra of single walled carbon nanotubes, Science 298 (2002)
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optical properties
two photon excitationdirect measurement of excitons → binding energy of ~400meV
Source: F.Wang: The Optical Resonances in Carbon Nanotubes Arise from Excitons, Science 308 (2005)
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outlook
Source: http://www.cnt-initiative.de
90 companieswith an annual budget ~100 Mio. €
projects:- electronics- lightweight constructions- energy...
Source: http://www.soci.org
Source: http://www.physorg.com
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references
[1] H. Pedrosa: The Optical Properties of Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes (2006)Dissertation, University of Rochester
[2] F. Wang: The Optical Resonances in Carbon Nanotubes Arise from ExcitonsScience 308, 838-841 (2005)
[3] M. Engel: Graphene and Carbon Nanotube based optoelectronic devices (2012)Dissertation, University of Karlsruhe
[4] T. Cherukuri: Length- and Defect-Dependent Fluorescence Efficiencies of Individual Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
ACS Nano 6 (1), 843-850 (2012)[5] M. Dresselhaus: Raman Spectroscopy of carbon nanotubes
Physics Reports 409, 47-99 (2005)[6] S. Bachilo: Structure-Assigned Optical Spectra of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Science 298, 2361-2366 (2002)[7] M. Dresselhaus: Raman Spectroscopy on isolated single wall carbon nanotubes
Carbon 40, 2043-2061 (2002)[8] Bo Xu: Phonon Scattering and Electron Transport in Single Wall Carbon Nanotube
(2013)
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Thank you for your attention!