andra and waste disposalnational radioactive waste management agency •1979 : creation of andra...
TRANSCRIPT
Protecting humans and the environment during the
time required for decay
Andra and waste disposal
NATIONAL RADIOACTIVE WASTE MANAGEMENT AGENCY
Table of content
National radioactive waste management Agency
•Introduction : Andra and its missions
•Disposal of very-low-level radioactive waste
the CSTFA waste disposal facility
figures by the end 2008
monitoring the environment
•Disposal of short-lived low- and intermediate-level
radioactive waste
the CSFMA waste disposal facility
figures by the end 2008
monitoring the environment
2
National radioactive waste management Agency
• 1979 : creation of Andra within the Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
• 1991 : the Waste Act transforming Andra into an independent public
industrial and commercial organisation (Act 91.1381 of 30/12/1991).
Supervised by the Ministries in charge of Industry, Research and the Environment
Board of Directors : supervising ministries, representatives of waste producers, etc.
Scientific Committee
• 2006 : a planning Act setting radioactive waste management objectives,
redefining Andra’s missions and laying down its financing procedures
(Act 2006.739 of 28/06/2006).
Financing
- Research additional tax on the tax already paid by Nuclear basic Installations
operators
- Industrial activities commercial contracts with waste producers
- Public service mission public financing
• Net revenues : ~ € 140 M ; workforce : 415
National radioactive waste management Agency3
Andra’s missions
• An industrial mission : to design, site, build
and operate disposal facilities (Aube and
Manche)
• A research mission : participation in
defining and contributing to research
programmes on the long-term management
of radioactive waste
• An information mission : listing the
location, nature and quantities of all existing
and future radioactive waste
National radioactive waste management Agency
The CSM
The Laboratory of Bure
4
Radioactive waste
National radioactive waste management Agency5
Activity
Very-low-level
Low-level
Intermediate-level
High-level
Half life Short-lived waste Long-lived waste
< 31 years > 31 years
The CSTFA at Morvilliers
The CSFMA at Soulaines-Dhuys
Ongoing studies (subsurface) (graphite
and radium-bearing waste)
Ongoing studies
Waste Act of 30 December 1991 +
planning Act of 28 June 2006
Disposal of very-low-level radioactive waste
National radioactive waste management Agency6
The CSTFA waste disposal facility
National radioactive waste management Agency7
• Commissioned : 14 August 2003
• Footprint : 45 ha including 28.5 ha
for the disposal zone
• Disposal capacity : 650,000 m3
• 17.8 % of disposal capacity at the
end of 2008
• Operating lifetime : around 30
years
• Initial investment : €40 million
The disposal facility concept
National radioactive waste management Agency8
The disposal cell, the roof and the final cover
National radioactive waste management Agency9
On-site treatment plants
•Compaction unit
• A packing press for light scrap
metal
• A scrap-baling press for plastics
•Inertisation unit (stabilization
and solidification)
• “special industrial waste”, such as
sludge, is chemically stabilized and
mixed with a hydraulic binder.
National radioactive waste management Agency10
A few figures by end 2008
National radioactive waste management Agency11
Main datas for 2008
National radioactive waste management Agency12
• Delivered volume : 28,466 m3
• Disposed volume : 26,321 m3
• Number of delivered packages : 28,168
• Number of disposed packages : 28,393
• Cell n°8 in operation
• Final cover on the fourth cells
Since 2003
• Delivered volume : 125,175 m3
• Disposed volume : 115,657 m3
• Number of delivered packages :
132,804
• Number of disposed packages :
131,532
• Number of closed cells : 7
Delivery breakdown for 2008
National radioactive waste management Agency13
31 %
44 %
23 %
2 %AREVA
CEA
EDF
Others
Delivered volumes since 2003
National radioactive waste management Agency14
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Number of packages
volume (m3)
Disposal since 2003
National radioactive waste management Agency15
1741
14903
2487823739 24073
26321
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Monitoring the environment
National radioactive waste management Agency16
The CSTFA environmental monitoring plan
Prefectorial order of 26 June 2003
•Objectives:
• To respect regulatory requirements
• To detect any abnormal situations
•Radiological and physico-chemical monitoring of:
• Groundwater, on-site surface water (storm basin water, runoff water), off-site
runoff water
• Sediments
• Atmospheric discharges
• Dosimetry at the facility fence line
• Lixiviation water (water possibly found at the bottom of cells)
•Communication of main results : Clis (local information and
monitoring commission), annual report, etc.
National radioactive waste management Agency17
Disposal of short-lived low- and
intermediate-level waste
National radioactive waste management Agency18
The low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste
National radioactive waste management Agency19
Ion exchange resins
Chemical laboratory
Water filters
Waste from hospitals
Used protection clothes
The CSM repository (Manche district)
National radioactive waste management Agency20
527,000 m3
of LIL waste disposed of from 1969 to 1994,
over 10 ha. Post-closure monitoring phase begun in 2003.
The CSFMA waste disposal facility
National radioactive waste management Agency21
• Commissioned : 13 January 1992
• Footprint : 95 ha including 30 ha
for the disposal zone
• Disposal capacity : 1, 000, 000 m3
• 22 % of disposal capacity at the
end of 2008
• Operating lifetime : around 60
years
• Initial investment : €221 million
The surface disposal concept
Three barriers to isolate radioactive waste from the
environment (in compliance with the RFS1.2 framework)
National radioactive waste management Agency22
The package (1rst
barrier)
The disposal cell
and the future cap
(2nd
barrier)
The site – geology
(3rd
barrier)
A few figures by the end 2008
National radioactive waste management Agency23
Main datas for 2008
National radioactive waste management Agency24
• Delivered volume : 12,549 m3
• Disposed volume : 11,886 m3
• Number of delivered packages : 17,727
• Number of disposed packages : 10,344
• Number of compacted drums : 8,888
• Number of injected boxes : 514
• Number of closed cells : 3
Since 1992
• Delivered volume : 236,718 m3
• Disposed volume : 219,939 m3
• Number of delivered packages :
477,874
• Number of disposed packages :
286,377
• Number of closed cells : 95
- 29 cells with gravel
- 66 cells with concrete
Delivery breakdown for 2008
National radioactive waste management Agency25
42,2%
34,1%
14,5%
8,2%
0,7%0,4%
Nuclear power
plants
CEA (Atomic
energy)
Reprocessing
(Areva)
Incineration and
fusion
Others
Andra
Delivered volumes since 1992
National radioactive waste management Agency26
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
Number of waste packages
Volume (m3)
Delivery percentage according to shipping mode
(road versus railway)
National radioactive waste management Agency27
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Road
Railway
On-site treatment plants
•Drum compaction unit
• 8,888 drums compacted in 2008
2,437 new canisters (450l drum)
•Box injection unit
• 514 boxes injected (5 m3
and 10 m3)
National radioactive waste management Agency28
Socio-economic data
•Staff: 154 (including 58 Andra employees)
•Salaries: €2.47 M
•Operating costs: €32 M
•Direct local taxes: €7 M, i.e.
• €4.8 M in local business tax
• €2.2 M in land tax
•Amount of local purchase orders: €3.4 M
•Apprenticeship tax: €23,000
National radioactive waste management Agency29
Monitoring the environment
National radioactive waste management Agency30
The CSFMA environmental monitoring plan
Statutory plan approved by the French nuclear safety authority
•Objectives:
• To check the absence of impact
• To respect regulatory requirements
• To detect any abnormal situations
•Results transmitted to: ASN (French nuclear safety authority),
IRSN (radioprotection and nuclear safety institute) and the
national measurement network
•Annual meeting of the Cli (local information commission) on
environmental monitoring
•Main results published in the local newspaper
National radioactive waste management Agency31
Monitoring the environment
•Radiological monitoring
• Nearly 16,000 analyses of surface
waters (rivers, streams) and
groundwater, air, sediments, food
chain, vegetation, milk
• Reference point: ecological and
radiation state in 87/88 and 90/91
•Non-radiological monitoring
• Chemical and physico-chemical
analyses of water, ecology, noise and
vibrations, etc.
•Monitoring of the ecology of the
various surrounding environement
National radioactive waste management Agency32