Romeo & Juliet“Some are born great, some achieve greatness, and

some have greatness thrust upon them.”- William Shakespeare

Name: _______________________________________________________Bring to class everyday, and do NOT lose!

Ms. Lennox9th grade English Literature

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Shakespeare Literary Terms

You need to know these terms while reading Romeo & Juliet. We will be referring to them regularly, and you will be tested on them!!!

Drama-a story written to be acted for an audienceTragedy-a play, novel, or other narrative that depicts serious and important events in which the main character comes to an unhappy endPrologue-a short introduction at the beginning of a play that gives a brief overview of the plotSonnet-fourteen-line lyric poem that is usually written in iambic pentameter and that has one of several rhyme schemes (Shakespearean-3 four-line units or quatrains, followed by a concluding two-line unit, or couplet; abab cdcd efef gg)Prose-direct, unadorned form of language, written or spoken, in ordinary useChorus-a group who says things at the same timeVerbal irony-a writer or speaker says one thing, but really means something completely differentDramatic irony-the audience or reader knows something important that a character in a play or story does not knowSituational irony- when something happens that is the opposite of what you expect to happenMonologue-a speech by one character in a playSoliloquy-an unusually long speech in which a character who is on stage alone expresses his or her thoughts aloudFoil-character who is used as a contrast to another character; writer sets off/intensifies the qualities of 2 characters this wayOxymoron-a combination of contradictory terms (EX: jumbo shrimp) Aside-words that are spoken by a character in a play to the audience or to another character but that are not supposed to be overheard by the others onstagePun-a play on the multiple meanings of a word, or on two words that sound alike but have different meanings (Ex: I'm glad I know sign language, it's pretty handy.)Comic relief-humor added that lessens the seriousness of a plotStatic character-character who does not change much in the course of a storyDynamic character-character who changes as a result of the story’s events Blank Verse (“unrhymed”-no rhyme at the end of lines)-poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter (“pent”=5; “meter”=measure); each line of poetry contains 5 iambs, or metrical feet, that consist of an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllableCouplet-two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme; couplets often signal the EXIT of a character or end of a sceneHyperbole- extreme exaggeration (ex: I’m so hungry I could eat a horse)Metaphor- comparing two unlike things (ex: her eyes were fire)

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Sonnet Form in Dialogue

Read the lines below, which form a type of contest of wit between Romeo and Juliet in their first meeting. Then read the information on the background of the sonnet and follow the directions for analysis.

Romeo: If I profane with my unworthiest hand. This holy shrine, the gentle sin in this. My lips two blushing pilgrims ready stand To smooth that rough touch with a tender kiss.

Juliet: Good pilgrim, you do wrong your hand too much.Which mannerly devotion shows in this:For saints have hands that pilgrims’ hands do touch. And palm to palm is holy palmers’ kiss.

Romeo: Have not saints lips, and holy palmers too? Juliet: Aye, pilgrim, lips that they must use in prayer. Romeo: O, then, dear saint, let lips do what hands do.

They pray: grant thou, lest faith turn to despair. Juliet: Saints do not move, though grant for prayers’ sake. Romeo: Then move not while my prayers’ effect I take.

The sonnet as a form developed in Italy in the thirteenth century. Because Shakespeare achieved greatest fame with the English sonnet, his name became attached (the Shakespearean sonnet). The Shakespearean form consists of four stanzas: three sets of four lines each (called quatrains) and a pair of rhyming lines (called a couplet) with a usual rhyme scheme of abab cdcd efef gg.Meter for both sonnet forms is usually iambic pentameter which consists of five metrical feet with each foot having an unstressed, stressed pattern.

Analysis1.) Mark the rhyme scheme with letters at the end of each line. 2.) Grammatically divide the poem into sections. 3.) Scan several lines of poetry to determine the meter. Mark the iambs. 4.) Underline all the words which relate to the metaphor of the “pilgrim approaching the shrine.”

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Romeo & Juliet Study GuideAs we watch and read together, or on your own, you need to answer these questions to assess your understanding of the play. You will be quizzed on these questions periodically.

Prologue1. In the prologue, Shakespeare tells his audience what they are to expect in the play. Why do you suppose Shakespeare chooses to use this technique?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Where is the play set? _____________________________________________________________________

Act I, Scene I – Verona. A public place1. Why do Sampson and Gregory fight with Montague's men?__________________________________________________________________________________________

2. Benvolio and Tybalt come upon the servants fighting. Contrast their reactions to the fight. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. When Montague and Capulet enter and see the disturbance, they want to fight, too. What do their wives say? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. What ended the opening skirmish? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Throw your mistempered weapons to the groundAnd hear the sentence of your moved prince.Three civil brawls bred of an airy wordBy thee, Old Capulet and Montague,Have thrice disturbed the quiet of our streets

Who said these lines? ________________________________

What is the meaning?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Why is Romeo so sad?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. What practical advice does Benvolio give Romeo?_________________________________________________________________________________________

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Act I; Scene II – A street.8. Paris asks Capulet for Juliet's hand in marriage. What is Capulet's reply?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. My child is yet a stranger in the world:She hath not seen the change of fourteen years.Let two more summers wither in their prideEre we may think her ripe to be a bride.

Who said these lines? ___________________________

What is the meaning? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. Why is Capulet giving a feast?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. In his conversation with Romeo, Benvolio says:

“Take thou some new infection to the eye,And the rank poison of the old will die.”

Interpret these lines.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. What does the “poison” Benvolio mentions symbolize?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. How does Romeo find out about the feast, and why does he decide to go even though (being a Montague) he is not invited? __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act I, Scene III – A room in Capulet’s house.14. What does Lady Capulet tell Juliet? What is Juliet’s response?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act I, Scene IV – A street.15. How do the Montagues expect to be able to enter a Capulet house?__________________________________________________________________________________________

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16. Romeo is apprehensive about going to the masquerade because of the dream he had the night before. Romeo seems to believe (as did many in Shakespeare’s day) that dreams have something to do with life. Perhaps Romeo believes dreams act as omens. What is Mercutio’s opinion of dreams?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

17. What does Mercutio’s speech reveal about his character?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18. How does Benvolio end the conversation?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

19. What is Romeo’s misgiving, and what does the line “some consequence, yet hanging in the stars” have to do with his feeling of dread? Discuss the theme this quote illustrates.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Mask Assignment

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In Scene 4 of Romeo and Juliet, we find out that Romeo and his friends are about to go to the Capulet party. As we know, they are Montagues and should not be attending this feast. Therefore, they put on masks so that they fit in with everyone else AND to disguise their identity.

For this assignment, you are to decorate a mask that represents one of the characters listed below. Make a mask that shows what you know about a character and his/her personality so far. Only 3 Juliet’s and 3 Romeo’s will be allowed. First come first served!Character Choice:- Benvolio - Lady Capulet- Tybalt - Romeo- Nurse - Mercutio- Juliet - Prince- Paris - Lord Capulet

Mask Requirements: The entire mask must be covered. There is

not to be any “white” areas left when you turn it in. Consider what each color may “mean.”

Your mask must contain artwork (aka drawings) or magazine cut outs that depict your character’s personality. Think symbolically!

Your mask must include 1 quote from the play (Act 1, Scenes 1-4) that symbolizes the character you have chosen and the mask you have made.

This will be counted as a daily grade. The grade will be based on how well you represent your character and the quality of your work (so make sure to follow the requirements).

Mask Rubric

The entire mask is covered. No blank spaces. ______/10 At least 3 symbolic items on mask to represent character ______/15 1 quote from I.1-4 that symbolizes the character ______/15 Quality and Neatness of work ______/10

Total _____/50

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Please note: Some of the characters listed are going to be much harder to do than others. Before deciding who you are going to represent on your mask, you will need to make sure you know enough about that character to do an adequate job. Think outside of the box!

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Act I, Scene V – A hall in Capulet’s house.20. Lord Capulet and a relative stand, unmasked, on one side of the room. Romeo, masked, standing on the other side, asks a servingman who Juliet is. How does Romeo describe the girl, and what does he conclude?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21. What is Tybalt’s reaction when he hears Romeo’s voice?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22. What does Lord Capulet say to Tybalt in reference to Romeo’s attendance at the party?_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

23. Tybalt obeys his uncle, but what does he foresee?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. When Romeo realizes who Juliet is and says, “Is she a Capulet? O dear account! My life is my foe’s debt.” What does he mean?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. My only love, sprung from my only hate!Too early seen unknown, and known too late!Prodigious birth of love it is to meThat I must love a loathed enemy.

Who said these lines? ___________________________

What is the meaning? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act II – Prologue.1. The chorus comments on the action of the play. In your own words, discuss the meaning of the first four lines.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What is the rhyme scheme of the prologue for Act II? What type of poem is the prologue?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Act II, Scene I – A lane by the wall of Capulet’s orchard.

3. Romeo slips away from his friends; the practical, vulgar Mercutio makes some indecent comments about Rosaline. What misapprehension are Mercutio and Benvolio under? What truth does the audience know?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act II, Scene II – Capulet’s orchard4. Romeo’s first speech is among the most famous of Shakespeare’s soliloquies. What is the main idea in Romeo’s speech? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. Does Juliet know that Romeo is beneath her window?__________________________________________________________________________________________

6. One of the most famous lines is when Juliet explains:

“O Romeo, Romeo! Wherefore art thou Romeo?” What do these lines mean?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. Juliet makes a secret vow to Romeo; what is this vow? What is the significance of this quote in relation to a major theme of the play?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. Romeo, after listening to Juliet profess her love, decides to make his presence known. How does Romeo identify himself? Find the quote then put the passage into modern words.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. As Juliet knows, Romeo is risking death by being there. When she mentions this fact to Romeo, what is his response?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. When Romeo swears by the moon, what does Juliet tell him?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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11. What does Juliet mean when she tells Romeo, “…swear by the gracious self,/Which is the god of my idolatry,…”____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. What second thoughts does Juliet have? Quote the passage that reveals these thoughts.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. After an exchange of vows, the Nurse calls and Juliet must leave. What is Romeo’s feeling as he stands there?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. Juliet reappears. What does she tell Romeo?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. When Juliet reappears, for the second time, she claims:

“Bondage is hoarse, and may not speak aloud;Else would I tear the cave where Echo lies,And make her airy tongue more hoarse than mine,With repetition of my Romeo’s name.”

Why is Juliet’s allusion to Echo significant? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16. It is apparent that neither Romeo nor Juliet wants the night to end. What is Juliet’s famous parting line?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act II, Scene III – Friar Laurence’s cell17. At the beginning of the scene, Friar Laurence makes a very profound speech. Choose one full sentence in his speech to interpret. Can any of what the Friar says be applied to the world now?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18. The Friar assumes that Romeo is out so early because he has been up all night with Rosaline. When the Friar is informed that it is not Rosaline but a Capulet that Romeo wishes to marry, what is the Friar’s reaction?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

19. Why does the Friar agree to help Romeo and Juliet get married?

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Act II, Scene IV – A street20. As Romeo enters, Mercutio and Benvolio are discussing Romeo’s longing for Rosaline and Tybalt’s challenge to Romeo. What change in Romeo’s behavior does Mercutio comment on?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21. The Nurse and Peter arrive looking for Romeo. How does Romeo respond?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

22. After Benvolio and Mercutio leave, the Nurse asks, “…what saucy merchant was this, that was so full of his ropery?” What is Romeo’s answer?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

23. The Nurse, expresses certain doubts about Romeo. What are these doubts and how does Romeo respond?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. What is the message that Romeo gives to the Nurse for Juliet?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. Romeo tells the Nurse that his “man” will deliver something beyond the abbey-wall. What is Romeo’s “man” bringing?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act II, Scene V – Capulet’s orchard26. Juliet waits anxiously for the Nurse to return. How is Juliet able to justify her Nurse’s tardiness?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

27. How does the Nurse tease Juliet?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

28. Finally, what does the Nurse tell Juliet?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act II, Scene VI – Friar Laurence’s cell.29. In expressing his reservations about the marriage, find a quote from Friar Laurence that could foreshadow future events.

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30. Friar Laurence says, “Therefore, love moderately; long love doth so.” What does this mean and how is it ironic?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

31. What does Friar Lawrence notice about Juliet in lines 16-20? Why is she acting like this?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act III, Scene I – A public place

1. Romeo enters. Tybalt has a few heated words for Romeo. Even after hearing the insults, Romeo says he has to love Tybalt. Why does Romeo say this?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. How does Romeo hint to his marriage to Juliet?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. How does Mercutio react to Romeo’s refusal to fight with Tybalt? Why is this element of the scene significant?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. In what way is Romeo responsible for Mercutio’s being stabbed?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. In what way is Mercutio’s comment about his wound ironic?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. Romeo says, “My very friend hath got this mortal hurt/In my behalf; my reputation stained/With Tybalt’s slander,–…” Romeo uses “stained”, which takes on a duel meaning. What are the different meanings?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. What ultimatum does Romeo give Tybalt?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. What does Lady Capulet request of the Prince?__________________________________________________________________________________________

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9. What is the Prince’s decision?__________________________________________________________________________________________

Act III, Scene II – Capulet’s orchard

10. As Juliet waits for night and Romeo’s visit, the Nurse arrives with news. What is the news, and how is it presented?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. Juliet’s first reaction is to call Romeo names. What does she call her beloved Romeo? The names she calls Romeo are quite obscure; what do you think they suggest? What is odd about these insults?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. After the name calling, what is Juliet’s second reaction? What does this second reaction prove?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. Where is Romeo hiding, what seems to be Juliet’s plan, and what does she give to the Nurse?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act III, Scene III – Friar Laurence’s cell

14. How does Romeo react to the news that he has been banished?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

15. For what things does the Friar say Romeo should be happy about?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

16. What does the Friar then tell him to do? What instructions does the Friar give Romeo?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act III, Scene IV – A room in Capulet’s house

17. In the conversation between Lord Capulet, his wife, and Paris, what do they think is Juliet’s present cause of grief?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

18. What decision does Lord Capulet make, and why do you suppose he makes this decision?__________________________________________________________________________________________

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Act III, Scene V – Capulet’s orchardThis is a monumental night scene for Romeo and Juliet. The last night they will spend together. Read and listen to the following lyrics of “Daylight” by Maroon 5. Using the Venn Diagram compare/contrast Maroon 5’s lyrics to Romeo and Juliet’s words and emotions during this scene.

"Daylight"

Here I am waitingI'll have to leave soonWhy am I holding on?

We knew this day would comeWe knew it all along

How did it come so fast?

This is our last night but it's lateAnd I'm trying not to sleep

Cause I know, when I wake, I will have to slip awayAnd when the daylight comes I'll have to go

But tonight I'm gonna hold you so closeCause in the daylight we'll be on our own

But tonight I need to hold you so close

Oh-whoa, oh-whoa, oh-whoa-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-ohOh-whoa, oh-whoa, oh-whoa-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh

Here I am staring at your perfectionIn my arms, so beautiful

The sky is getting bright, the stars are burning outSomebody slow it down

This is way too hard, cause I knowWhen the sun comes up, I will leave

This is my last glance that will soon be memory

And when the daylight comes I'll have to goBut tonight I'm gonna hold you so close

Cause in the daylight we'll be on our ownBut tonight I need to hold you so close

Oh-whoa, oh-whoa, oh-whoa-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-ohOh-whoa, oh-whoa, oh-whoa-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh

I never want it to stopBecause I don't wanna start all over

Start all overI was afraid of the dark

But now it's all that I wantAll that I want, all that I want

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And when the daylight comes I'll have to goBut tonight I'm gonna hold you so close

Cause in the daylight we'll be on our ownBut tonight I need to hold you so close

And when the daylight comes I'll have to goBut tonight I'm gonna hold you so close

Cause in the daylight we'll be on our ownBut tonight I need to hold you so close

Venn Diagram

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Romeo & Juliet

Similarities

19. What news does Juliet’s mother bring? What is Juliet’s response to her mother?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

20. Why does Lord Capulet get so angry when he hears of Juliet’s desire not to marry?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

21. What does Lord Capulet threaten if Juliet chooses not to marry Paris?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act IV, Scene I – Friar Laurence’s cell

22. What does Juliet tell the Friar?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

24. List three things Juliet is willing to do “…without fear or doubt…rather than marry Paris”?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. What plan does the Friar set out?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act IV, Scene III – Juliet’s chamber

26. If the potion does not work, what is Juliet’s plan?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

25. What is the literary term for Juliet’s speech in this scene?__________________________________________________________________________________________

Act IV, Scene V – Juliet’s chamber

26. How do Lord and Lady Capulet react to the news of Juliet’s death?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

27. Which literary term is illustrated in these lines:“Death lies on her like an untimely frost Upon the sweetest flower of all the field.”

__________________________________________________________________________________________

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Act V, Scene I – Mantua

1. In Romeo’s short speech at the start of this scene, find an example of foreshadowing.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. The Friar is supposed to send a messenger to Romeo informing him of the plan and Juliet’s fake death. Who arrives in Mantua instead, and what news does he give Romeo? What theme is this incident supporting?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. Although it is illegal to sell poisons in Mantua, how is Romeo able to purchase some?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. Romeo has to do some convincing before the pharmacist agrees to sell the poison. How does Romeo convince the pharmacist and what does this show about Romeo’s opinion of the world? In addition, discuss how this scene demonstrates the power of love, continuing with a major theme of the play?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act V, Scene II – Friar Laurence’s cell5. Why is Friar John not able to go to Mantua and deliver Friar Laurence’s message to Romeo? What theme does this situation support?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

6. What revision does Friar Laurence make in his plan?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Act V, Scene III – A churchyard; in it a monument belonging to the Capulets

7. What is Paris doing at the crypt?__________________________________________________________________________________________

8. What metaphor does Romeo create regarding the crypt, and what is his meaning?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. Why do Paris and Romeo fight, since Romeo really has no wish to fight anyone?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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10. With Romeo and Paris dead, Juliet wakes. How does the Friar hope to resolve this mess?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

11. When Juliet refuses to leave the monument, what does the Friar do?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

12. What does Juliet do?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

13. What has happened to Romeo’s mother?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

14. The concluding lines of the play state a major theme in this play. Identify these lines. State what they mean and how they reflect the theme.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Coldplay’s The Scientist: Responding to the Text

I liked it when…. It reminded me of…. I felt confused when….

In your own words, explain what this music video was about – what was the story? __________________________________________________________________________________________

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________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What similarities can you draw between The Scientist and Romeo and Juliet? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Why do you suppose the idea or “want” to go back to the beginning (of an event or action) is so prevalent in different texts? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Besides the ending, where else would this song relate to the story of Romeo & Juliet? Explain.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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