Ancient Rome

MERICH KEDDO

CIRCUS MAXIMUS

The circus Maximus is an ancient Rome chariot racing stadium in Rome, and was the first

Largest stadium in ancient Rome and its later empire. The site is now a public park

Religious significant

The southeastern turn of the track ran between two shrines which may have predated the circus formal development.

One located in the outer southeast perimeter, was dedicated to the valleys eponymous goddess Murcia.

The other was at the southeastern turning post; where there was a underground shrine to 0census, a minor god of grain-stores.

It measured 621 m (2,037 ft.) in length and 118 m (387 ft.) in width

Arch of Titus

The Arch of Titus is a 1st-century honorific arch, located on the Via Sacra, Rome, just to the south-east of the Roman Forum.

1.Address: Via Sacra, 00186 Roma, Italy2.Opened: 19873.Province: Province of Rome4.Architect:5.l Height: 51'

Location: Rome, Italy Date: 81 timelineBuilding Type: triumphal arch, gateway Construction System: cut stone masonry

History Reburies was an ancient Roman architect who also design the arch

of Titus

The Frangipani family turned it into a fortified tower in the Middle Ages.[

It was one of the first buildings sustaining a modern restoration, starting with Raffaele Stern in 1817 and continued by Daladier under Pius

Augustus of prima porta

Augustus of Prima Porta is a 2.03m high marble statue of Augustus Caesar which was discovered on April 20, 1863, in the Villa of Livia at Prima Porta, near Rome. Augustus Caesar's wife, Livia Drusilla,

It is also contested that this particular sculpture is a reworking of a bronze original, possibly a gift from Tiberius Caesar to his mother Livia (since it was found in her villa Ad Gallinas Albas

Significant The Prima Porta-type of statues of Augustus became the prevailing

representational style for him, copied full-length and in busts in various versions found throughout the empire up until his death in 14. The copies never showed Augustus looking older, however, but represented him as forever young, in line with his propaganda goals. You can find his statue in the Vatican museums in Rome.

Equestrian statue of Marcus Aurelius

The Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius is an ancient Roman statue in the Campidoglio, Rome, Italy. It is made of bronze and stands 4.24 m tall.

Although the emperor is mounted, it exhibits many similarities to standing statues of Augustus. The original is on display in the Capitoline Museums, with the one now standing in the open air of the Piazza del Campidoglio being a replica made in 1981 when the original was taken down for restoration.

Roberto Mauri.The statue was design by

History Although there were many equestrian imperial statues, they rarely

survived because it was the common practice to melt down bronze statues for reuse as material for coins or new sculptures in the late empire.

A replica of the statue has been located on the campus of Brown University in the United States since 1908.

The statue was formerly clad in gold. An old local myth says that the statue will turn gold again on the Judgement Day

Roman bath

The Roman Baths complex is a site of historical interest in the English city of Bath. The house is a well-preserved Roman site for public bathing. The Roman Baths themselves are below the modern street level

1.Country: England2.Architects: John Wood, the Elder, John Wood, the Younger3.Architectural styles: Victorian architecture, Neoclassical architecture

The first shrine at the site of the hot springs was built by Celts,[6] and was dedicated to the goddess Sulis, whom the Romans identified with Minerva. 

HistoryThe baths have been modified on several occasions, including the 12th century when John of Tours built a curative bath over the King's Spring reservoir and the 16th century when the city corporation built a new bath (Queen's Bath) to the south of the Spring.

Pantheon

The Pantheon is a building in Rome, Italy, on the site of an earlier building commissioned by Marcus Agrippa during the reign of Augustus. The present building was completed by the emperor Hadrian and probably dedicated about 126 AD

History

Location Region IX Circus Flaminius

Built in 118–128 AD (current building)

Built by/for Publius Aelius Hadrian's

Type of structure Roman temple

Related Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, Hadrian, Apollodorus of Damascus

 Cassius Dio, a Roman senator who wrote in Greek, speculated that the name comes either from the statues of so many gods placed around this building, or from the resemblance of the dome to the heavens

TRAJAN COLUMN

Trajan's Column is a Roman triumphal column in Rome, Italy, that commemorates Roman emperor Trajan's victory in the Dacian Wars.

Architect: Apollodorus of Damascus

Height: 131'

Location Trajan's Forum

Built in 107~113 AD

Built by/for Emperor Trajan

Type of structure Roman triumphal column

Related Forum of Trajan

HISTORY It is unclear whether the Column was meant to serve a commemorative

function or as a propaganda piece. Traditional scholarship held that the Column was a glorifying monument, upholding Trajan as Rome's great emperor.

Today, the Column of Trajan is the major focal point of Trajan’s Forum, left as the last truly imposing forms.

It is assumed that the column drums were lifted by cranes into their place.[3][26] Ancient sources, as well as a substantial body of archaeological evidence, show that Roman engineers were capable of raising large weights clear off the ground. The typical drum of Trajan's Column weighs c. 32 t,[2] while the capital, the heaviest block above the base and pedestal, is even at 53.3 t, which had to be lifted 34 m high. [3]

 To save weight, the treads had probably been carved out before either at the quarry or in situ.

VILLA OF THE MYSTERIES POMPEII

The Villa of the Mysteries or Villa dei Mysteries is a well preserved ruin of a Roman Villa which lies some 400 meters northwest of Pompeii, southern Italy

HISTORY This villa, built around a central peristyle court and surrounded by

terraces, is much like other large villas of Pompeii. However, it contains one very unusual feature; a room decorated with beautiful and strange scenes. This room, known to us as "The Initiation Chamber," measures 15 by 25 feet and is located in the front right portion of the villa.

Ara Pacis of Augustus