Ancient History of Restorative Ancient History of Restorative ArtArt

1288 – 1110 BC1288 – 1110 BCEgyptian embalmers: emaciationEgyptian embalmers: emaciationCheeks: sawdustCheeks: sawdustEyelids: linen padsEyelids: linen padsAbdominal IncisionsAbdominal IncisionsResinResinBroken limbs; Decubitus ulcersBroken limbs; Decubitus ulcersEyes: stones, small onionsEyes: stones, small onionsResin and fat followed by bandaging.Resin and fat followed by bandaging.

Anatomical/Middle PeriodAnatomical/Middle Period

No restorative art.No restorative art.EffigiesEffigies

US Civil WarUS Civil War

Effort made to repair traumatic injuries.Effort made to repair traumatic injuries.Little restorative art was practiced.Little restorative art was practiced.

1912: the “modern” era of RA1912: the “modern” era of RA

Reference to a PhotographReference to a Photograph

Professional portraitsProfessional portraitsSnapshotsSnapshotsProfile ViewProfile ViewThree-quarter ViewThree-quarter ViewFrontal ViewFrontal ViewInversion of the PhotographInversion of the Photograph

HighlightHighlight

ShadowShadow

Normal LightingNormal LightingDirectional LightingDirectional Lighting

Flat LightingFlat Lighting

Modeling TechniquesModeling Techniques

Concepts of ModelingConcepts of Modeling

Armatures: “framework, a material Armatures: “framework, a material commonly of pliable metal or wood, commonly of pliable metal or wood, employed to provide support for a wax employed to provide support for a wax restoration”restoration”Analyze before modeling.Analyze before modeling.Size, Position and FormSize, Position and Form

Concepts of Modeling (cont’d)Concepts of Modeling (cont’d)

Landmarks of SizeLandmarks of SizeMeasurements in One DirectionMeasurements in One DirectionConfiguration to a PatternConfiguration to a PatternRough ModelingRough ModelingSmoothing a Wax SurfaceSmoothing a Wax SurfaceConstruction of Large MassesConstruction of Large MassesSurface Corrections by AdditionsSurface Corrections by Additions

Concepts of Modeling (cont’d)Concepts of Modeling (cont’d)

Surface Corrections by ReductionSurface Corrections by Reduction

Modeling by SilhouetteModeling by Silhouette

Modeling the ProfileModeling the Profile

Modeling the Bilateral FormModeling the Bilateral Form