ancient greece whi. 5 v =tmztksk1s9c
TRANSCRIPT
Ancient Greece WHI. 5
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmZTkSK1S9c
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
How did the mountains, seas, islands, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek life and patterns of trade and colonization?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
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Introduction to Ancient Greece
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
How did the mountains, seas, islands, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek life and patterns of trade and colonization?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
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Introduction to Ancient Greece
How the physical geography of Greece impacted its culture and development
Geography
Geography
•Located in Europe, west of Asia Minor
•West of the Aegean Sea; North of the Mediterranean Sea
Geography•Isolation from
mountains led to the development of city-states
•Major city-states= Athens, Sparta, and Troy
Black Sea
Dardanelles Strait
Aegean Sea
Mediterranean Sea Crete
Peloponnesus Peninsula
Macedonia
Balkan Peninsula
Asia Minor
Sparta
Athens
Troy
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
How did the mountains, seas, islands, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek life and patterns of trade and colonization?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
• Located in Europe, west of Asia Minor
• West of the Aegean Sea; North of the Mediterranean Sea
• Isolation from mountains led to formation of city-states
• Major city-states= Athens, Sparta, and Troy
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Introduction to Ancient Greece
How the physical geography of Greece impacted its culture and development
GeographyEconomic and Social
Economic and Social Development•Agriculture was difficult due to limited
arable land
Economic and Social Development
•Commerce (trade) and the spread of Hellenic Culture (great period of Greek art/culture)
•Shift from barter to money economy (coins)
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
How did the mountains, seas, islands, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek life and patterns of trade and colonization?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
• Located in Europe, west of Asia Minor
• West of the Aegean Sea; North of the Mediterranean Sea
• Contains the Balkan and Peloponnesus Peninsulas
• Major city-states= Athens, Sparta, and Troy
• Agriculture was difficult due to limited arable land
• Commerce (trade) and the spread of Hellenic culture (great period of Greek art/culture)
• Shift from barter to money economy (coins)
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Introduction to Ancient Greece
How the physical geography of Greece impacted its culture and development
GeographyEconomic and Social
Political Development
Political Development
•Mountain terrain helped and hindered the development of city-states (protection but isolated)
Political Development
•Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial (economic) life
Political Development
•Colonization started due to overpopulation and lack of arable land
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
How did the mountains, seas, islands, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek life and patterns of trade and colonization?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
• Located in Europe, west of Asia Minor
• West of the Aegean Sea; North of the Mediterranean Sea
• Contains the Balkan and Peloponnesus Peninsulas
• Major city-states= Athens, Sparta, and Troy
• Agriculture (limited arable land)
• Commerce (trade) and the spread of Hellenic culture (great period of Greek art/culture)
• Shift from barter to money economy (coins)
• Mountain terrain helped and hindered the development of city states (protection but isolated)
• Greek cities were designed to promote civic (public) and commercial (economic) life
• Colonization started due to overpopulation and search for arable land
Introduction to Ancient Greece
How the physical geography of Greece impacted its culture and development
GeographyEconomic and Social
Political Development
Economic, Social, and Political Developments of Ancient Greece:
- Limited arable land - Shift from barter to money economy- Spread of Hellenistic Culture - Mountainous terrain led to the development of city-states- Colonization due to overpopulation - City-states designed to promote civic and
commercial life
Economic Social Political
Economic, Social, and Political Developments of Ancient Greece:
- Limited arable land - Shift from barter to money economy- Spread of Hellenistic Culture - Mountainous terrain led to the development of city-states- Colonization due to overpopulation - City-states designed to promote civic and
commercial life
Economic Social Political
- Limited arable land
- Shift from barter to money economy
- Spread of Hellenistic Culture
- Mountainous terrain led to the development of city-states
- Colonization due to overpopulation
- City-states designed to promoted civic and commercial life
The FRAME Routineis about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
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Citizenship in Greece
Members of the Polis:
Main Idea
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Main Idea
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Details
So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Sparta vs. Athens
The FRAME Routineis about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
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Citizenship in Greece
The Social Structure and citizenship in the Greek polis
Social Structure and Citizenship
•City-states were called the polis
Social Structure and Citizenship•To become a citizen, men served 10 years
of military service
•Members of the polis:▫Citizens—free adult males—had political
rights and responsibility of civic participation in government
▫Free people—women, foreigners, and young males—had no political rights
▫Slaves—had no political rights
The FRAME Routineis about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
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Citizenship in Greece
The Social Structure and citizenship in the Greek polis
Members of the Polis:1) Citizens- free adult males; had political rights and the
responsibility of civic participation in the government2) Free people- women, foreigners, and young males; had no
political rights3) Slaves- had no political rights
To become a citizen, free adult men had to serve 10 years in the military
Greek city-states were called the polis
Citizenship was only available to free adult males. There were not equal rights for everyone living in the polis
Main Idea
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So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Sparta vs. Athens
Comparing and contrasting the Greek city-states of Sparta and Athens
Sparta
Sparta
•Sparta formed an oligarchy—rule by a small elite group
•Military leaders who controlled the army led the oligarchy
Sparta
•Rigid social classes developed with lower classes having few rights
•Sparta developed a militaristic and aggressive society
http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/ancient-greece-democracy/videos/deconstructing-history-spartans?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false
http://www.history.com/topics/ancient-history/sparta/videos/spartan-boot-camp-killing-machines
Main Idea
• Sparta formed an oligarchy—rule by small elite group
• Military leaders who controlled the army led the oligarchy
• Rigid social classes developed with lower classes having few rights
• Sparta developed a militaristic and aggressive society
Details
Main Idea
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Details
So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Sparta vs. Athens
Comparing and contrasting the Greek city-states of Sparta and Athens
Sparta Athens
Democracy in Athens
•Stages in Athenian government:1. Monarchy—form of government in which
a king or queen rules2. Aristocracy—rule by upper class people—
usually a minority group3. Tyranny—harsh rule by an absolute
monarch or dictator4. Democracy—rule by the people
Athenian forms of government timeline:
Description: Description: Description: Description:
Athenian forms of government timeline:
Description: Description: Description: Description:
Monarchy Aristocracy Tyranny Democracy
King or Queen of a royal family rules
Rule rich upper-class people
Harsh/cruel government controlled by an absolute ruler
Rule by the people—people rule the government
Reformers of Athens:
•Tyrants who worked for reform:
- Draco—made harsh laws- Solon—favored the lower class
Reformers of Athens
•Draco—was a harsh ruler about 620 BCE▫Had harsh penalties
for crimes, but accused had a right to a trial and were innocent until proven guilty
Reformers of Athens
•Solon—ruled about 544 BCE▫Made laws of
Draco less harsh
▫Freed slaves and favored rights of lower classes
Democratic Principles of Athens
•Origins of Democratic Principles: Direct Democracy, Public Debate, Duties of the Citizen
Direct Democracy•Athens slowly grew to become a democratic
city-state•Athens was a direct democracy—citizens
voted on each issue considered by the government
•Public debates and hearings were held so citizens could express their views▫Free people were allowed to participate in
debates BUT could not vote▫Citizens were expected to partake in debates
and voted
Main Idea
• Sparta formed an oligarchy—rule by small elite group
• Military leaders who controlled the army led the oligarchy
• Rigid social classes developed with lower classes having few rights
• Sparta developed a militaristic and aggressive society
Details
Main Idea
• Stages in Athenian government: Monarchy, aristocracy, tyranny, and democracy
• Tyrants who worked for reform:
- Draco—harsh laws - Solon—favored lower class• Origins of democratic
principles: direct democracy, public debate, duties of the citizen
Details
So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Sparta vs. Athens
Comparing and contrasting the Greek city-states of Sparta and Athens
Sparta Athens
1) Different styles of government divided the Spartans and Athenians2) Athenian democracy is the foundation for modern democracies (ex. U.S.A)
Sparta Athens
Word Bank:- Direct Democracy - Oligarchy - Militaristic- Public Debate - City-states in Greece - Harsh laws of
Draco- Rigid Social Structure - Aggressive Society - Boys
forced into military training- Democratic Principles
Sparta Athens
Word Bank:- Direct Democracy - Oligarchy - Militaristic- Public Debate - City-states in Greece - Harsh laws of
Draco- Rigid Social Structure - Aggressive Society - Boys
forced into military training- Democratic Principles
- Direct Democracy- Oligarchy
- Militaristic - Public Debate- City-states in Greece
- Harsh laws of Draco
- Rigid Social Structure
- Aggressive Society
- Boys forced into military training
- Democratic Principles
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
So What?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
Cause:
Who:
Key Battles:
Result=
Result:
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Cause:
Who:
Result:
The Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Sparta and
Athens=
Sparta and
Athens= Persian War
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
So What?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
Cause:
Who:
Key Battles:
Result=
Result:
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Cause:
Who:
Result:
The Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Sparta and
Athens=
Sparta and
Athens=
The causes and results of the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Persian War
Persian Wars (499-449 BCE)
•Cause: Persia had taken over Asia Minor and was heading for Greece
•Who: Sparta and Athens united to fight against the Persians
Persian Wars (499-449 BCE)
•Key Battles: Athens had victories over Persia at the battles of Marathon and Salamis▫Result=Greeks took
control of the Aegean Sea
Persian Wars (499-449 BCE)
•Result: Athens preserved its independence and continued innovations in government and culture
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/the-birth-of-western-history-thucydides-and-herodotus.html#lesson
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
So What?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
Cause:
Persia took over Asia Minor and was heading for GreeceWho:
Sparta and Athens unite to fight against PersiaKey Battles:
Marathon and SalamisResult:
Athens preserved its independence
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Cause:
Who:
Result:
The Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Sparta and
Athens=
Sparta and
Athens= Persian War
The causes and results of the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Delian League
Delian League
•The Delian League was formed as a result of the Persian War
•It united Greek city-states to help trade and prevent future attacks
•Worked until Athens became too powerful and controlling
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
So What?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
Cause:
Persia took over Asia Minor and was heading for GreeceWho:
Sparta and Athens unite to fight against PersiaKey Battles:
Marathon and SalamisResult:
Athens preserved its independence
• Formed as a result of the Persian War
• United Greek city-states to help trade and prevent future attacks
• Worked until Athens became too powerful
Cause:
Who:
Result:
The Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Sparta and
Athens=
Sparta and
Athens= Persian War
The causes and results of the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Delian League
Peloponnesian War
Peloponnesian Wars (431-404 BCE)
•Cause: Sparta and Athens wanted control of Greece
•Who: Athens and the Delian League vs. Sparta and the Peloponnesian League
Peloponnesian War (431-404 BCE)
•Result: Sparta won, but Greece was no longer united• Resulted in slowing of
cultural advance and weakening of political power
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uFXJWkEvNgk
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e90cubV6dEY
The FRAME
Key Topic
is about . . .
So What?
Main Idea Main Idea Main Idea
Details DetailsDetails
Cause: Persia took over Asia Minor and was heading for GreeceWho:Sparta and Athens unite to fight against PersiaKey Battles:Marathon and Salamis Result= Control of the Aegean SeaResult:Athens preserved its independence
• Formed as a result of the Persian War
• United Greek city-states to help trade and prevent future attacks
• Worked until Athens became too powerful
Cause:
Sparta and Athens wanted control of GreeceWho:
Athens and Delian League vs. Sparta and Peloponnesian LeagueResult:
Sparta won, Greece no longer united, and weakening of political power
The Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Sparta and
Athens=
Sparta and
Athens= Persian War
The causes and results of the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Delian League
Peloponnesian War
The FRAME Routineis about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
Golden Age of Pericles
The FRAME Routineis about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
Golden Age of Pericles
Why the leadership of Pericles is important to the development of Greek culture
Golden Age of Pericles•Occurred between the Persian
and Peloponnesian Wars•Time of peace and prosperity
for Athens•Pericles, the ruler of Athens,
extended democracy to most males and they had an equal voice
Golden Age of Pericles•Pericles rebuilt
Athens from destruction that occurred during the Persian Wars▫An example of this is
the Parthenon
Golden Age of Pericles
•So What??????
▫The contributions from this time have become the foundations for western civilization
The FRAME Routineis about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
Golden Age of Pericles
Occurred between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars
Time of peace and prosperity for Athens
Pericles, the ruler of Athens, extended democracy to most males and they had an equal voice
Pericles rebuilt Athens from destruction that occurred during the Persian Wars
-An example of this is the Parthenon
The contributions from this time have become the foundations for western civilization
Why the leadership of Pericles is important to the development of Greek culture
Contributions of ancient Greece:
Sculpture:-
Mathematics:-
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Science:-
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Architecture:
“ ” “ ” “ ”
Sculpture:•Phidias was the most
famous Greek sculptor▫He built the statue of
Zeus at Olympia and the Parthenon
Greek Columns
•There were three distinct styles of Greek columns:1. Doric2. Ionic3. Corinthian
“Dull” “Eyes” “Crown”
Mathematics
•Euclid—Founder of Geometry
•Pythagoras—student of Euclid▫Created the
Pythagorean theorem
http://www.mathscore.com/math/practice/Pythagorean%20Theorem/
Science: Archimedes
•Archimedes—Greek inventor▫Archimedes Screw
—used to pump water
Science: Hippocrates
•Hippocrates—Father of medicine▫Drew a code of ethics
for doctors—Hippocratic Oath
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t2YR-xrlzJE
Contributions of ancient Greece:
Sculpture:- Phidias was the most famous Greek sculptor; built the Parthenon
Mathematics:- Euclid—father of Geometry
- Pythagoras—student of Euclid; created the Pythagorean Theory
Science:- Archimedes—Greek inventor -created the Archimedes Screw, which was used for pumping water
- Hippocrates—father of Medicine - Created the Hippocratic Oath, still used by doctors today
Doric Ionic Corinthian
Architecture:
“Dull” “Eyes” “Crown”
Contributions of ancient Greece:
Drama:-
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Poetry:-
Philosophy:-
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History:-
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Greek Philosophers: Socrates
•Socrates taught by using Socratic Method▫Educate through
asking questions
Socrates
•Leaders of Athens felt that he was a threat▫In 399 BCE, he was accused of corrupting
the young and plotting to overthrow the government
▫He was sentenced to death but declared himself innocent
▫He believed in his teachings and carried out the death sentence by drinking hemlock (poisonous plant)
Greek Philosophers: Plato
•Plato was a student of Socrates and organized his teachings
Plato
•Opened a school in Athens called The Academy
•Wrote The Apology in which he explained the teachings of Socrates
•Wrote The Republic in which he set forth his views of government▫He felt the state was more important than
the individual▫Believed Philosopher Kings should rule—
only educated people
Greek Philosophers: Aristotle
•Aristotle was the last great philosopher of Greece and was a student of Plato
Aristotle
•Was the teacher of Alexander the Great
Historians: Herodotus
•Herodotus—Father of History▫Wrote about the
Persian Wars 200 years after they occurred
▫Considered a Secondary Source
▫Often tended to exaggerate events and glorify Athens
Historians: Thucydides
•Thucydides participated in and wrote about the Peloponnesian Wars▫Is considered a
Primary Source—eyewitness
Poetry
•Homer—blind epic poet of Ancient Greece▫Wrote the Iliad and
The Odyssey
Iliad
Odyssey
Drama
•Sophocles—wrote tragedies, most famous is Antigone and Oedipus Rex
•Aeschylus—wrote over 80 plays—most famous was Agememnon
Contributions of ancient Greece:
Drama:- Sophocles—wrote tragedies
such as Oedipus Rex and Antigone
- Aeschylus wrote over 80 plays—most famous was Agamemnon
Poetry:- Homer was a blind epic poet who wrote the Iliad and Odyssey
Philosophy:- Socrates—First great philosopher, taught Plato
- Plato—taught Aristotle; believed only philosophers or the highly educated should rule the government
- Aristotle—Last great Greek philosopher; taught Alexander the Great
History:- Herodotus—father of History; wrote about the Persian Wars 200 years after they were fought; exaggerated events to glorify Athens
- Thucydides—fought in and wrote about the Peloponnesian War
Main Idea
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Main Idea
Details
So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Empire
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Main Idea
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Main Idea
Details
So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Empire
Macedonian conquest of Greece and how Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic (Greek) Culture
Macedonian Empire and King Philip II
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Macedonian Empire: King Philip II•Following the
Peloponnesian Wars, Greece was left weak
•King Philip II of Macedonia, led his army to Greece and conquered northern Greece
•He died before all of Greece was conquered
Main Idea
• Following the Peloponnesian Wars, Greece was left weak
• • King Philip II of Macedonia,
led his army to Greece and conquered Northern Greece
• He died before all of Greece was conquered
Details
Main Idea
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Details
So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Empire
Macedonian conquest of Greece and how Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic (Greek) Culture
Macedonian Empire and King Philip II
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great•Philip’s son, Alexander the
Great, age 23, took over and conquered Greece
•Alexander adopted Hellenistic culture (Greek Culture) and spread it with his empire
Alexander the Great
•Alexander’s empire stretched from Greece to Egypt
•He died at age 33, and the empire was divided
•After his death, the Macedonian’s were defeated by the Romans
Main Idea
• Following the Peloponnesian Wars, Greece was left weak
• • King Philip II of Macedonia,
led his army to Greece and conquered Northern Greece
• He died before all of Greece was conquered
Details
Main Idea
• Philip’s son, Alexander the Great, age 23, took over and conquered Greece
• Alexander adopted Hellenistic culture (Greek Culture) and spread it with his empire
• Alexander’s empire stretched from Greece to Egypt
• He died at age 33, after his death, the empire was divided
• After his death, the Macedonian’s were defeated by the Romans
Details
So What?
The FRAMEKey Topic
is about . . .
Alexander the Great and the Macedonian Empire
Macedonian conquest of Greece and how Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic (Greek) Culture
Macedonian Empire and King Philip II
Alexander the Great
Alexander the Great and the Macedonians conquered Greece but kept and spread the Hellenistic Culture
Map of Alexander’s (Macedonian) Empire• Alexander’s Empire stretches as far west as __________ and
___________; and as far east as ___________.
Map of Alexander’s (Macedonian) Empire• Alexander’s Empire stretches as far west as __________ and
___________; and as far east as ___________.
Greece
Egypt India
The FRAME RoutineKey Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
Hellenistic Culture
The FRAME RoutineKey Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
Hellenistic Culture
How Alexander the Great spread Greek Culture around the world
Hellenistic Culture
•The culture of Greece that came from the Golden Age of Pericles is known as Hellenistic Culture
Hellenistic Age
•Hellenistic Age= Blend of Greek and oriental elements
•Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic culture through trade
The FRAME RoutineKey Topic
is about…
So What? (What’s important to understand about this?)
Essential details
Hellenistic Culture
How Alexander the Great spread Greek Culture around the world
The culture of Greece that came from the Golden Age of Pericles is known as Hellenistic Culture
Hellenistic Age= Blend of Greek and Oriental Culture
Alexander the Great spread Hellenistic culture through trade
Hellenistic Culture developed during the Golden Age of Pericles and was later spread by Alexander the Great