Ancient Greece

Map

Consumer Goods

Coins

Alphabet

Human Figure

Egyptian Art

Corinth

Athens

Battle with Persians

Philip II

Alexander “The Great”

Battle between Titans and Sky gods

Mt. Olympus

Zeus

• Thunder and lightening bolt

• Sacred – eagle and oak tree

Hera

• consort of Zeus• mature woman• cow and peacock

Poseidon

• holds a three-pronged spear

• horse

Hestia

• sacred flame burns as the communal hearth

Demeter

• Mother of Persephone

• Reason for seasons

Hades

• His helmet makes the wearer invisible

Apollo

• brother of Artemis. Son of Zeus and Leto

• carries bow & arrows or sometimes a lyre

• dolphin and laurel

Ares

• vulture and dog

Aphrodite

• myrtle, dove, sparrow and swan

Hephaestus

• Lame, married to Aphrodite.

• Carries hammer, wears a blacksmith’s apron

Artemis

• carries bow and arrows

• accompanied by hunting dogs

• deer and cypress

Athena

• Wears helmet, and carries shield

• owl and olive trees

Hermes

• Wears winged sandals and hat

• Carried a caduceus

Persephone

• Goddess of the underworld

• fertility

Dionysus

• Shown surrounded by grapevines and grape clusters

• Carries a wine cup• His female

followers are called maenads

Eros

• carries bow and arrows

Eos

• Goddess of the dawn

Pan

• half man/half goat• Carries pan pipes

Nike

• Goddess of Victory

Geometric Period (900-700BCE)

Orientalizing Period (700-600BCE)

Archaic Period (600-480BCE)

Early/Transitional Period (480-450BCE)

5th Century (450-to end of 5th century BCE)

4th century Period (400-320BCE)

Hellenistic Period (320-31BCE)

Architectural Orders

Doric

Ionic

Corinthian

Basic Parts of a Column

Geometric Period

Geometric Period (900-700BCE)

Proto-Geometric Example

Diplyon Vase, 750BCE, Geometric

Detail

Orientalizing Period

Orientalizing Period (700-600BCE)

Olpe Example

Archaic Period

Archaic Period (600-480BCE)

Vase Types

Archaic Sculpture Features

• “Archaic smile”• Fully frontal• Arms at side or

engaged• For men – one leg

in front• Heavy features• Eyes open wide• Ovid shaped head

Ergotimos (potter) and Kleitias (painter), Francois Vase, c.570,

Archaic Period

Exekias, The Suicide of Ajax

NY Kourous, c.580, Archaic

Anavysos Kouros

Peplos Kore, c.530BCE, Archaic

Classical Period

Characteristics of Greek Classical Art

• Humanism – “Man is the Measure of all things.”

• Rationalism – “Know thyself”

• Idealism – “Nothing in excess”

Early/Transitional Period (480-450BCE)

Kritian Boy (Kritios Boy), c.480BCe, Classical

Contrapposto

Comparison

Riace Warrior, c.460-450BCE, Classical

Conservation

Myron, Discobolos (The Discus Thrower), c. 450BCE, Classical

5th Century (450-400 BCE)

Pericles

Athenian Agora

Agora interactive site

The Acropolis

Reconstruction

Reconstruction detail

Temple of Athena Nike

Nike Adjusting her Sandal

The Erechtheion

Porch of the Maidens

Kallikrates and Iktinos, Parthenon, 447-438BCE, Classical

Sculptural Decoration

• Triumph of Greek democracy

• Preeminence of Athens

• Enlightened Greeks

West Pediment

Sculptural decoration

East Pediment complete

detail

detail

East Pediment

Cult statue of Athena

Lapith Fighting a Centaur

Frieze Reconstruction

Horsemen

Marshals and Young Women

Reconstruction

Polykleitos, Doryphorous (Spear Bearer), c. 450-440BCE, Classical,

Roman Copy

Comparison

4th century Period (400-320BCE)

Hermes and infant Dionysos

Praxiteles, Aphrodite of Knidos, c.350, Classical, Roman copy

Lysippos, The Scraper

Abduction of Persephone

Alexander the Great Confronts Darius III at the Battle of Issos,

c.310BCE, Classical

Detail

Hellenistic Period 320-31BCE

•Emotion & Movement

•Individual and specific

•Personal feeling associated with the art

•Two Trends

•Classical

•Anti-Classical

Alexander’s Empire

Chieftan and his wife, Mother and Child, and Dying Gaul Trumpeter

Dying Gallic Trumpeter, c.220BCE, Hellenistic (Roman Copy)

Hagesandros, Polydoros, Athanadoros of Rhodes, Laocoön and His Sons, 1st

century BCE Hellenistic

Laocoön and His Sons

Nike of Samothrace, c.190BCE, Hellenistic

Aphrodite of Melos (Venus de Milo), c150BCE, Hellenistic

Comparison

Aphrodite of Melos