ancient china civilization - visual brand learning llc€¦ · ancient chinese civilization...
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7/23/2015
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Ancient ChinaCivilization
Ancient China’s civilization began about 4,000 years ago, along the Huang River.
The ancient Chinese probably didn’t know that any other civilization existed until about 200 BC.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other
domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context
relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Ancient ChinaGeographical Barriers
Ancient China’s geographicalbarriers isolated it from other cultures.• To the west were
the Himalayan Mountains
• To the north was the Gobi Desert
• To the east were the Yellow and East China Seas.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
Huang RiverAncient Chinese
Civilization
The Huang River (Yellow River) was essential to the growth of ancient Chinese civilization.
This is because of the fertile soil created by its floodwaters. CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
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Huang RiverFeatures
Features of the Huang River:
• Is about 3,000 miles long
• Has many tributaries on the North China Plain
• Ends in the Yellow Sea
• Third-longest river in Asia
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
Huang RiverChina’s Great Sorrow
The Huang River was called China’s Great Sorrow because it flooded every year and:
• Destroyed all nearby villages, which had to be rebuilt
• Killed thousands of people many times
• Caused deadly damage in the plains
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other
domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context
relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Yangtze RiverAncient Chinese
Civilization
Important to ancient Chinese civilization was the Yangtze River (Chang River), in southern China.
Flooding of the river creates fertile soil and good farmland.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
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Yangtze RiverFeatures
Features of the Yangtze River:
• About 4,000 miles long
• Longest river in Asia
• Ends in East China Sea
• Floodwaters drain into almost 700 square miles
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
Xia Dynasty
The Xia Dynasty is thought by some scholars to be China’s first dynasty and the civilization that first emerged near the Huang River.
However, there is no direct proof that the Xia was actually a dynasty from about 2100 to 1600 BC.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
Shang Dynasty
The Shang Dynasty is the first dynasty that has been authenticated with written records.
The Shang ruled much of the area along the Huang River from about 1600 to 646 BC.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades
6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
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Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a period in ancient history when people began making bronze by smelting iron and copper.
Evidence of many bronze objects indicate that this period occurred in China during the Shang Dynasty.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
AgricultureEarliest Methods
The earliest agricultural methods were based on controlling water of the Huang and Yangtze Rivers.
The ancient Chinese built dams to store floodwater and irrigation canals to distribute water to crops.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
AgricultureClass Structure
Agriculture was based on class structure.
The majority of people were peasant farmers who labored on small plots of land.
They had to work for the government one month each year and also give a percent of their crops as taxes.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
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Agriculture Major Crops
Major agricultural crops were rice and millet.
Rice:
• Grown mainly in the south, in paddies
• Became the main food staple
Millet:
• Is a grain
• Grown in the northCCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Inventions
Inventionsinclude:
• Silk cloth
• Paper
• Printing
• Compass
• Gunpowder
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades
6-8 texts and topics.
New IdeasMedicine
New ideas about medicine:• Herbs and other
plants could cure illness
• Acupuncture could restore the body’ natural energy balance
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
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New IdeasFive Elements Theory
The Five ElementsTheory was a new idea that describes interactions of wood, fire, earth, metal, and water.
Each element in the pattern relates to many other things in the world.
The pattern describes relationships among these other things.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
New IdeasChinese Writing
Chinese writing,called calligraphy, was a new idea.
Calligraphy:• Has characters, or
signs, not letters
• First made on bones, turtle shells, and wood
• Later made with brushes, ink, and paper
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
New IdeasMathematics
The ancient Chinese had new ideas about mathematics.They developed a decimal number system that:
• Was based on numbers 1 through 9
• First represented by bamboo rods
• Rods put in columns represented units of tens, hundreds, and thousands
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in
words in a text with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram,
model, graph, or table).
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ArtworksBronze
Bronze artworks were elaborate and elegant.
Bronze vessels of all types, ornaments, mirrors, and weapons were works of art.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades
6-8 texts and topics.
ArtworksJade
Jade artworkshad complex carvings made in the stone.
Jade was thought to have magical powers, so jade artworks were often placed in burial sites.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
ArtworksCeramic
Ceramic artworks were of very high quality because the ancient Chinese had learned to control the temperature of their kilns.
Ceramic artworks included pots, jars, and vases.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
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Society Social Classes
Social classes:1. King or emperor
and nobles
2. Military
3. Craftsmen and Artisans
4. Merchants
5. Peasant-farmers
6. Slaves
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
SocietyFamily Life
Family life was ruled by the father of a home.
• Wife and children obeyed the father
• Wife took care of home and children
• Elders were treated with respect
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Ancient ReligionAncestor Worship
Ancient religionwas supernatural ancestor worship.
Priests performed rituals to ask ancestors questions about future events on Earth.
Priests interpreted answers based on cracks in dried oracle bones.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other
domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context
relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
9
Later Religions
Three later religions arose between 400 and 600 B.C. Taoism Buddhism, and Confucianism are alike in major ways:• No belief in any gods
• Based on moral principles
• Goal is to become a better person
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
Confucianism
Confucius was a philosopher and teacher who founded Confucianism.
The main belief of Confucianism is social harmony, which is created by five virtues:Humanity, honesty, correct behavior, wisdom, and loyalty.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other
domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context
relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Buddhism
Buddhism is based on teachings of the Buddha. Buddhists beliefs include:• Karma, meaning that all
actions—good and bad—have equal consequences
• A cycle of rebirth until the self is free of karma
• Nirvana, a state of peace and freedom from the cycle of rebirth
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other
domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical
context relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
7/23/2015
10
Taoism
Lao-Tzu was a poet, philosopher, and founder of Taoism.
Taoists believe in:
• Living in harmony with the universe
• Being one with nature
• Simplicity, compassion, humility, moderation
• Yin Yang, the idea that opposites create balance CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and
other domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or
technical context relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Legalism
Legalism was a harsh philosophy formed in 338 B.C., during the “Warring States Period.”
Legalists rejected all forms of religion.
They believed in strict laws and severe punishment for disloyalty and disobedience to government.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms,
and other domain-specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific
or technical context relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Great Wall of China
Around 220 B.C., China’s first emperor, Qin, ordered the building of the Great Wall of China.
The wall was built to protect China against foreign invasions from the north.
Made of stone, mud, wood, and bricks, the wall took 3,700 years to complete and is 13,170 miles long.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
7/23/2015
11
Dynasty
A dynasty is a series of rulers who inherited their positions from members of the same family.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades
6-8 texts and topics.
Mandate of Heaven
The Mandate of Heaven was a claim by early Chinese rulers that they had the right to rule based on the will of the gods.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-
specific words and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to
grades 6-8 texts and topics.
Warring States Period
The Warring States Period (475 to 221 B.C.) was a time of constant wars among the seven states of the Zhou Dynasty.
This period ended when Qin defeated all the states, united China, and became its first emperor.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.7. Integrate quantitative or technical information expressed in words in a text
with a version of that information expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).
7/23/2015
12
Which image represents Legalism?
A. B. C.
A.This response is incorrect because the symbol
represents the Taoism belief that opposites
create balance.
B.This response is incorrect because the image
is a statue of the Buddha.
C.Legalism was based on strict governmental
laws and harsh punishment for breaking them.
CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words
and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
The correct answer is C.
This image represents an understanding of medicine based on which of the following?
A.Using plants to
heal illness
B. Acupuncture
C.The Five
Elements
A. This response is incorrect because using plants
to heal illness wasn’t based on the five
elements.
B. This response is incorrect because acupuncture
restores the body’s energy balance as a whole.
C.The Five Elements Theory made connections
from the basic elements to many other things in
the natural world, including the human body.CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words
and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
The correct answer is C.
What does this image represent?
A. Ancestor
worship
B. Social classes
C. Calligraphy
D. Warring States
Period
A. This response is incorrect because the image
does not show a religious ritual.
B. The image shows workers who are under the
control of members of higher social classes.
C.This response is incorrect because calligraphy
is a form of writing.
D.This response is incorrect because the image
does not depict warriors at battle.CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.6-8.4.Determine the meaning of symbols, key terms, and other domain-specific words
and phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to grades 6-8 texts and topics.
The correct answer is B.