anatomy & physiology lecture notes - ch. 4 tissues - nervous & tissue repair
DESCRIPTION
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Part IV: Nervous Tissue
Part IV: Nervous Tissue Main component of nervous system Structure: neuron = dendrite + cell
body + axon Function: regulates and controls body
functions Location in the body: brain, spinal
cord, nerves
Part IV: Nervous Tissue 2 Major Cell Types:
Neurons Respond to stimuli Transmit electrical impulses
Other cells Support, insulate, protect neurons
Tissue Repair
Wound healing Two ways:
1. Regeneration: replace destroyed tissue by same kind of cells
2. Fibrosis: form scar tissue (dense fibrous connective tissue)
Depends on: Type of tissue damaged Severity of injury
Steps to Tissue Repair:
1. Inflammation Capillaries become very permeable WBC’s and clotting proteins seep into
injured area Clot prevents loss of blood (surface dries,
forms a scab)
Steps to Tissue Repair:
2. Granulation tissue forms Delicate pink tissue with new capillaries Connective tissue produces collagen
fibers Epithelial cells multiply over granulation
tissue
Steps to Tissue Repair:
3. Surface epithelium regenerates Surface epithelium thickens Fibrous tissue matures – forms scar
tissue
Regenerative Capacity of Different Tissues
Extremely Well
Moderate
Weak
Virtually None
(mostly scar
tissue)• Skin epidermis•Mucous membranes• Fibrous connective•Blood•Bones
• Smooth muscle• Tendons, ligaments
• Skeletal muscle•Cartilage
•Cardiac muscle•Nervous tissue