anatomy of type
DESCRIPTION
A typographic study in the biological evolution of the letterform.TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
A N A T O M Y
T Y P Eo f
![Page 2: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
![Page 3: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
![Page 4: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
A N A T O M Y
T Y P Eo f
![Page 6: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
This book was hand bound at Barry Brignell bookbinders
Cambridge, England.
The typeface used is Minion Pro
![Page 7: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Special Thanks
The items displayed within the pages of this book have been
made available by Dr. William Stewart, founder of the Typographic
Academy of Evolutionary Studies (TAES) in Cambridge.
We would like to thank Dr. William Stewart for his
cooperation and enthusiasm.
![Page 8: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
![Page 9: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
A message from the contributor
“Enjoy the exploration of an old and
well practiced typographic study.”
![Page 10: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
J O H A N N E S G U T E N B E R G1398 - 1468
![Page 12: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
F R O N T C O V E R
![Page 13: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
I N S I D E F R O N T C O V E R
![Page 14: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
A C O M P A R A T I V E S T U D Y O F B O T H
T H E U P P E R A N D L O W E R C A S E ‘ E ’
![Page 15: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E M U S C L E S T R U C T U R E
I N T H E L O W E R C A S E ‘ X ’
![Page 16: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E S U P P O R T I N G M U S C L E S
I N T H E L O W E R C A S E ‘ T ’
![Page 17: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E S P I N E I N T H E C A P I T A L ‘ S ’
![Page 18: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
F R A G M E N T S F R O M U N K N O W N S T U D I E S
![Page 19: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
~ A Short History
It is not clear as to when Gutenberg produced this particular work, what we do
know is that this research commenced in 1452. Gutenberg was the discoverer of
the earliest mobile typographic species of which has evolved into those we see
today. This sketchbook, along with three others, was found wrapped in cloth,
many of the pages were lost or destroyed.
![Page 20: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
C L A U D E G A R A M O N D1490 - 1561
![Page 22: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
F R O N T C O V E R
![Page 23: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
I N S I D E F R O N T C O V E R
![Page 24: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E S P I N A L C O R D I N
T H E L O W E R C A S E ‘ G ’
![Page 25: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F H O W M U S C L E S B I N D T O T H E
B O N E S O N T H E U P S T R O K E S
![Page 26: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E R E G U L A R A N D I T A L I C
B O N E I N T H E L O W E R C A S E ‘ B ’
![Page 27: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E R E G U L A R A N D I T A L I C
B O N E I N T H E L O W E R C A S E ‘ W ’
![Page 28: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F A M U S C L E I N T H E
R E G U L A R A N D I T A L I C ‘ R ’
![Page 29: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
~ A Short History
Garamond was one of the leading Typographic Atonomists of his time. Taught by
Simon de Colines and later an assistant to Geoffroy Tory, whose interests in the
anatomy of the human structure and its relationship to that of the a typographic
one is seen to have influenced Garamonds study. Many of Garamonds sketches
are currently in repair due to water damage. The pieces displayed within this
book are believed to be from one of his pocket sketchbooks.
![Page 30: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
![Page 31: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
J O H N B A S K E R V I L L E1706 - 1775
![Page 32: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
B O O K C O V E R
![Page 33: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
I N S I D E C O V E R
![Page 34: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E B O N E S T R U C T U R E I N
B O T H T H E ‘ S ’ A N D C A P I T A L ‘ Q ’
![Page 35: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
O B S E R VA T I O N A L S T U D I E S O F T H E S P I N E
I N B O T H T H E ‘ O ’ A N D ‘ G ’
![Page 36: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E L I G A T U R E S O C K E T
I N T H E L E T T E R S ‘ F ’ A N D ‘ I ’
![Page 37: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E B O N E S T R U C T U R E I N T H E
F E E T I N T H E L O W E R C A S E ‘ B ’, ‘ I ’ A N D ‘ R ’
![Page 38: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E I T A L I C ‘ W ’ A N D T H E A N G L E S O F
T H E A R M A N D L E G I N T H E ‘ K ’ A N D ‘ X ’
![Page 39: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E R E G U L A R A N D B O L D B O N E S T R U C T U R E
I N T H E C A P I T A L ‘ T ’
![Page 40: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E N A T U R A L P R O P O R T I O N S
A P P A R E N T O F T H E C A P I T A L ‘ T ’
![Page 41: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
~ A Short History
Baskerville’s research is the result of an intention to improve upon the
study of Typographic Anatomy made apparent to him by William Caslon.
Baskerville focused his research on the differences between thick and thin
bone structures, metacarpal variation, muscle alignment, and typographic
proportion. Baskerville’s research developed a consistency towards the
way in which Typographic Atonomists study and the terminology used for
Typographic analysis. This perfectly kept sketchbook was generously given
to TAES in 1981 by the Baskerville Family.
![Page 42: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
E R I C G I L L1882 - 1940
![Page 44: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
A C O L L E C T I O N O F G I L L’ S N O T E S
![Page 45: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
A C O M P A R A T I V E S T U D Y O F T H E C R O S S B A R
J O I N T I N D I F F E R E N T W E I G H T S
![Page 46: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E S P I N E A N D U P S T R O K E
B O N E I N T H E C A P I T A L ‘ P ’
![Page 47: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
A C O M P A R A T I V E S T U D Y O F B O T H T H E
U P P E R A N D L O W E R C A S E ‘ M ’
![Page 48: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
A N U N K N O W N S T U D Y O F T H E U P S T R O K E
![Page 49: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
A C O M P A R A T I V E S T U D Y O F T H E S P I N E
C U R VA T U R E I N D I F F E R E N T W E I G H T S
![Page 50: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E S P I N E A N D T A I L I N T H E R E G U L A R A N D
I T A L I C L E T T E R ‘ Q ’
![Page 51: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E B O L D W E I G H T S I N
T H E U P P E R C A S E ‘ T ’ A N D “ E ”
![Page 52: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
A S T U D Y O F T H E M U S C L E S T R U C T U R E I N B O T H T H E
L O W E R A N D U P P E R C A S E ‘ B ’
![Page 53: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
~ A Short History
Gill’s often radical approach set him apart from other Typographic Anatomists
as he refused to keep his research in line with traditional methods. Gill opted to
analyse the sans bone structure discovered in the early 19th Century of which
he demonstrated a high level of knowledge and interest. This interest paved the
way for typographic evolutionary analysis that is still in development to this day
- the TAES faculty in Cambridge is a result of this research. Due to the sheer
volume of uncatalogued research discovered in the draws of Gill’s home we
present this varied collection.
![Page 54: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 56: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
![Page 58: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
![Page 60: Anatomy of Type](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022020210/568c38a41a28ab02359f9b6a/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)