Human Anatomy Biology 351 Final Exam

Note: Final exams are not returned! All exam copies will be shredded on the Monday of week #2 of winter term. If you want to see your final exam you must stop into my office to see the exam. However, you cannot keep your copy of the exam.

Please print your name clearly on the back of the last page of this exam. Please read the instructions preceding each section carefully. You must answer all questions on this exam. Statistics demonstrate that, on average, between 2-5 objective questions on every exam are ambiguous enough to come out aberrant on an item analysis. Therefore, the total number of points possible on this exam is 106. However, grades will be calculated out of a possible 100 points, assuming that 2-3 objective questions on this exam are aberrant. Section 1: Muscle Identification. On the next page is a cross section of a middle portion of the thigh. If a

muscle on the following page is labeled place the proper letter in the appropriate space. However, if a muscle is not labeled place XX in the space provided. (Note the labeling of medial and anterior.) (2 points each)

_____ 1. Vastus lateralis _____ 2. Vastus medialis _____ 3. Sartorius _____ 4. Gracilis _____ 5. Adductor longus _____ 6. Semimembranosus _____ 7. Semitendinosus _____ 8. Adductor brevis

Copyright 1995 Ciba-Geigy Corporation All rights reserved.

475BPlate Number Thigh

Middle Cross Section

Section 2: Muscle Identification. On the next page is a cross section of the leg. If a muscle on the following page is labeled place the proper letter in the appropriate space. However, if a muscle is not labeled place XX in the space provided. Note that anterior is labeled; medial and lateral are determined by the bones of the leg, which you should know.) (2 points each)

_____ 9. Tibialis anterior _____ 10. Extensor digitorum longus _____ 11. Flexor hallucis longus _____ 12. Flexor digitorum longus _____ 13. Tibialis posterior

Copyright 1995 Ciba-Geigy Corporation All rights reserved.

491BPlate Number Leg

Cross Section just above Middle of Left Leg

Section 3: Leg muscles: anterior and lateral compartments. True-False Questions: If the following statements are true place a (+) in the space provided; if

the statements are false place a (O) in the space provided. (2 points each) _____ 14. The tibialis anterior originates on the lateral condyle of the femur and the upper half of the tibia. _____ 15. The tibialis anterior inserts onto the 1st and 2nd cuneiforms and the 1st metatarsal. _____ 16. The tibialis anterior dorsiflexes and everts the foot. _____ 17. The extensor hallicus longus inserts onto the big toe and extends the big toe, dorsiflexes the foot,

and inverts the foot. _____ 18. The fibularis longus inserts onto the 1st metatarsal and 1st and 2nd cuneiform bones. _____ 19. The fibularis brevis inserts onto the 5th metatarsal and the lateral cuneiform bones. _____ 20. The fibularis longus originates on the fibula, and the fibularis brevis originates on the fibula and

the interosseous membrane found between the tibia and fibula. _____ 21. The fibularis longus everts and plantar flexes the foot, which the fibularis brevis only everts the

foot. _____ 22. All of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg are innervated by the superficial fibular

nerve. _____ 23. All of the muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg are innervated by the deep fibular nerve. _____ 24. All of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg are innervated by the tibial nerve

(tibial portion of the sciatic nerve). _____ 25. The extensor digitorum longus originates from the tibia, fibula, and the interosseous membrane

of the leg. _____ 26. The extensor digitorum longus extends the toes and dorsiflexes the foot. Section 4: Gluteal muscles of the thigh. True-False Questions: If the following statements are true place a (+) in the space provided; if

the statements are false place a (O) in the space provided. (2 points each) _____ 27. The gluteus maximus originates from all of the following: ilium, pubis (inferior pubic ramus),

sacrum, coccyx, thoracolumbar fascia. _____ 28. The gluteus maximus inserts onto the iliotibial tract and the gluteal tuberosity of the femur. _____ 29. The gluteus maximus extends and laterally rotates the thigh at the hip, assists in abduction of the

thigh at the hip, and helps stabilize the knee. It is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve. _____ 30. The gluteus medius originates from the ilium and inserts onto the greater trochanter of the femur.

_____ 31. The gluteus medius abducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip. It is innervated by the inferior gluteal nerve.

_____ 32. The gluteus minimus abducts and medially rotates the thigh at the hip. It is innervated by the

superior gluteal nerve. _____ 33. The tensor fascia latae originates from the iliac crest and the anterior, inferior iliac spine. It then

inserts onto the iliotibial tract, and medially rotates and abducts the thigh at the hip; it also helps to stabilize the knee. It is innervated by the superior gluteal nerve.

Section 4: Anterior and adductor muscles of the thigh. True-False Questions: If the following statements are true place a (+) in the space provided; if

the statements are false place a (O) in the space provided. (2 points each) _____ 34. The iliopsoas is the most important flexor of the thigh at the hip. _____ 35. The iliopsoas originates from T12 to L5 and inserts onto the greater trochanter of the femur. It

flexes the thigh at the hip, and is innervated by the femoral nerve. _____ 36. The sartorius originates from the anterior, inferior iliac spine, inserts onto the medial portion of

the tibia, flexes, laterally rotates and abducts the thigh at the hip, flexes the leg at the knee, and is innervated by the femoral nerve.

_____ 37. The adductor longus, adductor brevis and adductor magnus all have an origin on the inferior

pubic ramus. _____ 38. The adductor longus, adductor brevis and adductor magnus all have an insertion on the linea

aspera of the femur. _____ 39. The adductor magnus adducts, flexes and extends, and medially and laterally rotates the thigh at

the hip. _____ 40. The adductor magnus originates from the inferior pubic ramus and the ischial tuberosity. _____ 41. The anterior fibers of the adductor magnus are innervated by the sciatic nerve and the posterior

fibers are innervated by the obturator nerve. _____ 42. All of the adductor muscles are innervated by the obturator nerve. _____ 43. The gracilis originates from the pubic symphysis and the inferior pubic ramus. _____ 44. The gracilis flexes the leg and medially rotates the leg at the knee. It also adducts and medially

rotates the thigh at the hip. _____ 45. All of the rectus femoris muscles cross two joints: hip and knee. _____ 46. The rectus femoris, vastus lateralis and the vastus intermedius muscles are innervated by the

femoral nerve; the vastus medialis is innervated by the femoral and obturator nerves.

Section 5: Leg muscles: posterior compartment. Multiple choice: Place the most correct letter in the space provided. (2 points each) _____ 47. The following statements apply to which of the muscles listed? Origin: Supracondylar line of the femur Insertion: Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon

Action: Assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing the foot, assists in flexion of the leg at the knee

Innervation: Tibial nerve a. gastrocnemius b. soleus c. plantaris d. popliteus e. flexor hallucis longus f. flexor digitorum longus g. tibialis posterior

_____ 48. The following statements apply to which of the muscles listed? Origin: Lateral condyle of the femur Insertion: Tibia Action: Medial rotation of the leg at the knee and flexion of the leg at the knee Innervation: Tibial nerve

a. gastrocnemius b. soleus c. plantaris d. popliteus e. flexor hallucis longus f. flexor digitorum longus g. tibialis posterior

_____ 49. The following statements apply to which of the muscles listed? Origin: Tibia and fibula Insertion: Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexion of the foot at the ankle Innervation: Tibial nerve

a. gastrocnemius b. soleus c. plantaris d. popliteus e. flexor hallucis longus f. flexor digitorum longus g. tibialis posterior

_____ 50. The following statements apply to which of the muscles listed? Origin: Tibia Insertion: 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th phalanges Action: Flex toes; assist in plantar flexing the foot at the ankle

a. gastrocnemius b. soleus c. plantaris d. popliteus e. flexor hallucis longus f. flexor digitorum longus g. tibialis posterior

_____ 51. The following statements apply to which of the muscles listed? Origin: Medial and lateral condyles of the femur Insertion: Calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon Action: Flexes the leg at the knee and plantar flexes the foot at the ankle Innervation: Tibial nerve

a. gastrocnemius b. soleus c. plantaris d. popliteus e. flexor hallucis longus f. flexor digitorum longus g. tibialis posterior

_____ 52. Which of the following muscles has an origin on the interosseous membrane of the leg? a. gastrocnemius b. soleus c. plantaris d. popliteus e. flexor hallucis longus f. flexor digitorum longus g. tibialis posterior

_____ 53. Which of the following is not an insertion of the tibialis posterior? a. navicular b. cuneiform #1 c. cuneiform #2 d. cuneiform #3 e. cuboid f. metatarsal #1 g. metatarsal #2 h. metatarsal #3 i. metatarsal #4