Analysis of Urban Heat Island and Urban Ecological Quality Based on Remote Sensing Imagery Transformation in Semarang City

Karunia Pasya Kusumawardani, Dr. Iswari Nur Hidayati, S.Si., M.Sc.

Departement of Geographic Information Science, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada

Introduction • Urban physical and biotic heterogeneity

can influence the urban climate response.

• The increase of land surface temperature brings on the Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon.

• Resolution capability of remote sensing imagery is able to extract the land surface temperature changes widely and simultaneously.

The aims To identify UHI phenomenon and analyze the ecological condition in Semarang City using Landsat 7 ETM+ in 2002 and Landsat 8 OLI in 2019.

disruptive.asia malikarrahiem.com semarang.bisnis.com

Method

01

Geometric & Radiometric Correction

Landsat 7 ETM+ Landsat 8 OLI

corrected

02

Mono Window

Algorithm

Land Surface Temperature Maps

03

Urban Heat Island

Analysis

Urban Heat Island Maps

04

Urban ThermaI Field Variance Index Analysis

Urban Thermal Field Variance

Index Maps

05

Remote Sensing

Ecological Index Analysis

Environmental Quality Maps

Result & Discussion

Threshold UHI

(oC)

2002 31,44

2019 34,65

Tahun Mean

(oC)

Maximum

(oC)

Minimum

(oC)

Standar

Deviation

(oC)

2002 30,20 38,68 17,63 2,48

2019 33,57 46,76 20,95 2,17

Non UHI

(km2)

UHI

(km2)

Percentage

Non UHI

(%)

Percentage

UHI (%)

2002 240,75 126,70 65,52 34,48

2019 246,93 120,52 67,20 32,80

Land surface temperature in Semarang City during 2002-2019 increased. The mean value increases until 3,37oC.

Globally, the area that was impacted by UHI in 2002 was wider than in 2019 but the threshold value in 2019 was higher than in 2002.

Result & Discussion

UHI Ecological

Evaluation Index

Area (km2)

2002 2019

None Excellent 165,64 162,68

Weak Good 23,12 11,63

Middle Normal 0,00 11,92

Strong Bad 0,00 12,98

Stronger Worse 24,63 13,23

Strongest Worst 154,05 155,01

Environmental

Quality

Area (km2)

2002 2019

Poor 1,23 8,86

Fair 16,66 143,61

Moderate 195,41 140,23

Good 127,85 63,96

Excellent 26,31 10,78

Some parts of Semarang occurred ecological degradation caused by the decrease of urban thermal comfort.

The degradation areas in Semarang are exposed by urban heat island and experienced low thermal comfort level.

Conclusion

In 2002 and 2019, Semarang city was exposed by urban heat island. The mean value of land surface temperature was increased in 2019 and reached up to 3,37oC so that the UHI intensity was stronger and urban thermal comfort was lower according to the high UTFVI. Urban heat island phenomenon and the degradation of thermal comfort during 2002 – 2019 impacted on the decrease of urban environmental quality.

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