analysis of mir archival water samples - nasa · discussion status of data analysis chemical...

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POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER 4-41 Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples U.S. Principal Investigator: RICHARD L. SAUER, P.E., NASA/Johnson Space Center Russian Principal Investigator: YURI SINYAK, M.D., Institute of Biomedical Problems Co-Investigator: John Schultz, Ph.D. Co-Author: Lizanna M. Pierre (NASA 7 Final Research Report) INTRODUCTION A portion of the potable water supplied to the Russian cosmonauts, American astronauts, and other occupants of the Russian Mir Space Station is produced by the direct recycle of water from humidity condensate. Additional supplies come from ground supplied (stored) potable water that is delivered on a Progress resupply spacecraft, or processed fuel cell water transferred from the Shuttle. This project was conducted to determine the potability of the water supplied on Mir, to assess the reliability of the water reclamation and distribution systems and to aid in developing water quality monitoring procedures and standards for International Space Station. Hypothesis Detailed analysis of recycled and other Mir supplied potable waters will confirm that the design of the Mir purification and distribution systems are adequate to maintain water of potable quality. Objectives 1. Characterize the chemical composition of Mir recycled water to evaluate the efficiency of on-board water processors and to aid in the development of ISS water sampling and monitoring technology. 2. Characterize the chemical composition of Mir humidity condensate to support development and testing of the water recycling and monitoring systems for the International Space Station (ISS). 3. Characterize the chemical composition of the ground- resupply water prior to launch and on orbit. 4. Determine the chemical composition of Mir and Shuttle humidity condensate. 5. Provide inflight testing of water collection hardware being developed to collect water samples on ISS. Background/History Historically, water provided for crew consumption during U.S. space missions has either been launched from the ground or produced as a byproduct of fuel cell operation. Reclamation and purification of spacecraft wastewaters, as practiced on the Russian Space Station Mir, will be required for supplying crewmembers of the International Space Station with potable and hygiene water. This experiment has flown under the Human Life Sciences Discipline during the Mir 18/NASA 1, Mir 19, Mir 20/STS-74, Mir 21/NASA 2/STS-79, and Mir 22/NASA 3/STS-81 missions. In addition, this activity was performed under the Space Medicine Program during the Mir 23/NASA 4/STS-84, Mir 24/NASA 5/STS-86, Mir 25/NASA 6/STS-89, and Mir 25/NASA 7/STS-91 missions. METHODS/RESEARCH OPERATIONS Method/Protocol During Mir 18, Mir 19, and Mir 20 samples were collected using a water sampling kit. This kit contained potable water samplers (adapters), disinfectant wipes, waste bags, and sample bags needed for sample collection. During an inflight water sampling session, the kit was unstowed from its storage location. A prepackaged disinfectant wipe containing benzalkonium chloride was retrieved from the kit and used to disinfect the Mir galley- hot, galley-cold, and SVO-ZV water ports. After disinfection, a potable water sampler was connected to the port. A waste bag was then connected to the potable water sampler. Using the waste bag, 200 ml of water was collected and discarded. The chemical sample bag was then attached and 1000 ml of water were collected. The sample bag was placed in a self sealing storage bag and stowed at ambient temperature for return on the Shuttle or Soyuz. These procedures, as outlined in Figure 1, were used to collect galley-hot, galley-cold, and SVO-ZV (stored) water for postflight chemical analysis. Figure 1 outlines the sample collection procedures for Mir 18 to Mir 21. In addition, humidity condensate samples were also collected. For Mir 21 and subsequent missions, a water experiment kit was used for sample collection. Along with existing hardware, this kit contained new waste and sample bags that were developed to resolve problems with and to reduce sample volumes from 1000 ml to 700 ml and waste

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Page 1: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-41

Analysis of Mir Archival Water SamplesU.S. Principal Investigator: RICHARD L. SAUER, P.E., NASA/Johnson Space Center

Russian Principal Investigator: YURI SINYAK, M.D., Institute of Biomedical Problems

Co-Investigator: John Schultz, Ph.D.

Co-Author: Lizanna M. Pierre

(NASA 7 Final Research Report)

INTRODUCTION

A portion of the potable water supplied to the Russiancosmonauts, American astronauts, and other occupants ofthe Russian Mir Space Station is produced by the directrecycle of water from humidity condensate. Additionalsupplies come from ground supplied (stored) potable waterthat is delivered on a Progress resupply spacecraft, orprocessed fuel cell water transferred from the Shuttle. Thisproject was conducted to determine the potability of thewater supplied on Mir, to assess the reliability of thewater reclamation and distribution systems and to aid indeveloping water quality monitoring procedures andstandards for International Space Station.

Hypothesis

Detailed analysis of recycled and other Mir suppliedpotable waters will confirm that the design of the Mirpurification and distribution systems are adequate tomaintain water of potable quality.

Objectives

1. Characterize the chemical composition of Mirrecycled water to evaluate the efficiency of on-board waterprocessors and to aid in the development of ISS watersampling and monitoring technology.

2. Characterize the chemical composition of Mirhumidity condensate to support development and testingof the water recycling and monitoring systems for theInternational Space Station (ISS).

3. Characterize the chemical composition of the ground-resupply water prior to launch and on orbit.

4. Determine the chemical composition of Mir andShuttle humidity condensate.

5. Provide inflight testing of water collection hardwarebeing developed to collect water samples on ISS.

Background/History

Historically, water provided for crew consumption duringU.S. space missions has either been launched from the

ground or produced as a byproduct of fuel cell operation.Reclamation and purification of spacecraft wastewaters, aspracticed on the Russian Space Station Mir, will berequired for supplying crewmembers of the InternationalSpace Station with potable and hygiene water.

This experiment has flown under the Human Life SciencesDiscipline during the Mir 18/NASA 1, Mir 19, Mir20/STS-74, Mir 21/NASA 2/STS-79, and Mir 22/NASA3/STS-81 missions. In addition, this activity wasperformed under the Space Medicine Program during theMir 23/NASA 4/STS-84, Mir 24/NASA 5/STS-86, Mir25/NASA 6/STS-89, and Mir 25/NASA 7/STS-91missions.

METHODS/RESEARCH OPERATIONS

Method/Protocol

During Mir 18, Mir 19, and Mir 20 samples werecollected using a water sampling kit. This kit containedpotable water samplers (adapters), disinfectant wipes,waste bags, and sample bags needed for sample collection.During an inflight water sampling session, the kit wasunstowed from its storage location. A prepackageddisinfectant wipe containing benzalkonium chloride wasretrieved from the kit and used to disinfect the Mir galley-hot, galley-cold, and SVO-ZV water ports. Afterdisinfection, a potable water sampler was connected to theport. A waste bag was then connected to the potable watersampler. Using the waste bag, 200 ml of water wascollected and discarded. The chemical sample bag was thenattached and 1000 ml of water were collected. The samplebag was placed in a self sealing storage bag and stowed atambient temperature for return on the Shuttle or Soyuz.These procedures, as outlined in Figure 1, were used tocollect galley-hot, galley-cold, and SVO-ZV (stored) waterfor postflight chemical analysis. Figure 1 outlines thesample collection procedures for Mir 18 to Mir 21. Inaddition, humidity condensate samples were also collected.

For Mir 21 and subsequent missions, a water experimentkit was used for sample collection. Along with existinghardware, this kit contained new waste and sample bagsthat were developed to resolve problems with and to reducesample volumes from 1000 ml to 700 ml and waste

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volumes from 200 ml to 50 ml. These new sample bagswere commercially available Teflon bags that weremodified for microgravity. Figure 2 shows the hardwareused for Mir 21 through Mir 25.

Postflight chemical analysis of samples occurred atJohnson Space Center (JSC), the Institute for BiomedicalProblems (IBMP) and Research and Design Institute ofChemical Engineering (NIICHIMMASH). Followingrecovery of the samples on the ground, the samples wereallocated for distribution to the water analysis laboratoriesat JSC, NIICHIMMASH, and IBMP. Parameters tested atJSC included total carbon (total inorganic carbon,purgeable organic carbon, nonpurgeable organic carbonand total organic carbon), specific organics (alcohols,organic acids, semivolatiles, volatiles, nonvolatiles,formaldehyde), and silver. Parameters tested by IBMPincluded conductivity, pH, color, chemical oxygendemand, calcium, magnesium, total hardness, and silver.The NIICHIMMASH laboratory performed total carbon,alcohol and organic acids analyses.

Functional Objectives

FO1. Preflight collection of ground-supplied water atRSC Energia, Korolev, Russia.

FO2. Water Sampling Hardware Setup.

FO3. Inflight collection of hot, cold, and SVO-ZV(stored) water.

FO4. Inflight collection of humidity condensate.

FO5. Postflight analysis of samples.

Hardware Items

Major hardware items used in flight for this experiment:

HW1. Atmospheric Condensate Sampler - RSAprovided

HW2. Water Sampling Kit - NASA provided

HW3. Water Experiment Kit – NASA provided

Both kits contained the following items:

HW4. Disinfectant/Antiseptic Wipes - NASA provided

HW5. Potable Water Samplers (with Mir port adapterinterfaces) - NASA provided

HW6. Waste bags and Chemical Sample, PostflightAnalysis Bags - NASA provided

HW7. Self Sealing Storage Bags - NASA provided

Major hardware items used postflight for this experiment:

HW8. HP 5890 Gas Chromatograph (GC) withHP5971A Mass Spectrometer (MS)- NASA provided

HW9. Waters Quanta 4000 Capillary ElectrophoresisSystem - NASA provided

HW10. OI 700 Carbon Analyzer - NASA provided

HW11. Sievers Model 800 Total Organic CarbonAnalyzer - NASA and RSA provided

HW12. HP 7694 Headspace sampler with a HP 5890 GCand 5972 Mass Selective Detector - NASA provided

HW13. HP 5989 Mass Spectrometer (MS) with a 1090Liquid Chromatograph with Particle beam & Thermosprayinterfaces - NASA provided

HW14. pH meter - RSA and NASA provided

HW15. Conductivity meter - RSA provided

HW16. Inductively Coupled Plasma/Mass Spectrometer– NASA provided

RESULTS

List of Pre-, In-, Postflight Anomalies

Preflight Anomalies

Not applicable to this experiment

Inflight Anomalies

Throughout the Phase One Program (Mir 18 to Mir 25),samples were planned to be collected at the beginning andthe middle of each Mir mission, as well as during eachShuttle docking period. Because of problems withschedule changes due to crew time constraints andCondensate Recovery System (CRS) activities, thissample collection schedule could not always be followed.However, key samples were collected following a fire onboard Mir, during crew changeover periods of up to sixcrewmembers, before and after water system maintenanceactivities, and during periods when crewmembers detected“aftertastes” in the water.

Postflight Anomalies

None

Completeness/Quality of Data

A total of 65 samples were collected throughout the PhaseOne Program. Of these, 29 were recycled water samplescollected from the condensate recovery system (CRS), 8were stored water samples taken from the SVO-ZVsystem, and 28 were humidity condensate samplescollected at the inlet of the CRS. Six additional samples

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of ground supplied stored water were also collected inKorolev, Russia before shipment to Baykonur for launchon a Progress resupply vehicle.

DISCUSSION

Status of Data Analysis

Chemical analyses of the water samples have beencompleted.

Final Research Findings

Regenerated Water

Twenty-nine recycled water samples were collected fromthe condensate recovery system (CRS). A summary of theanalytical results for these samples is reported in Table 3.

Physical Parameters - Turbidity levels in the samplescollected often exceeded the U.S. limit of 1 NTU (range:0.3 – 7.3 NTU; mean: 2.9 NTU). All other physicalparameters measured, including pH, color, odor, and totalhardness, were within acceptable limits. Conductivitylevels in the recycled water samples ranged from 14.3 –1130 µS/cm (mean, 151.2 µS/cm).

Inorganic Parameters - Ionic compounds identified in therecycled water samples include chloride sulfate, calcium,magnesium, potassium, fluoride, ammonium, nitrate, andsodium. Metallic species detected in the samples includesilver, aluminum, barium, chromium, copper, iron,manganese, molybdenum, nickel, lead, and zinc. Thedetection of calcium, magnesium, and silver was expectedas these compounds are added by the CRS [1]. Of theionic compounds found in the recycled water samples,fluoride, barium, silver, nickel, and manganese, onoccasion, exceeded the NASA/Russian Space Agency(RSA) maximum contaminant levels as outlined in Table2. In addition, increasing levels of iron and nickel weredetected as shown in Figures 4 and 5.

Organic Parameters - Nearly 250 organic compounds weretested for in the samples. These compounds were classifiedas volatile organic compounds, semivolatile organiccompounds, carboxylates, alcohols, aldehydes, and urea.Total organic carbon (TOC) analyses were also performed.

Volatile organic compounds detected in the Mir 18-25samples at a mean concentration of 1 µg/L or higherincluded acetaldehyde, acetone, bromodichloromethane,carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, dibromo-chloromethane,methylene chloride, and toluene. A sample collected on3/28/95 had a methylene chloride level of 92.8 µg/Lwhich is believed to be due to laboratory contamination.In the case of chloroform, there were only one or twooccasions where detected levels exceeded U.S.

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) maximumcontaminant level (MCL) or health advisory. (NoNASA/RSA specification exists for this compound.) Withthe replacement of purification columns in the CRS,chloroform levels were reduced. A sample collected on12/14/96 contained 20.6 µg/L of chloroform compared toa sample collected ten days earlier before changeout of thepurification columns which contained 177.2 µg/L ofchloroform.

Approximately 20 semivolatile organic compounds weredetected at a mean concentration at or above 1 µg/L. Ofthese, di-n-butyl phthalate and benzothiazole were themost prevalent. Other organic compounds detected insignificant concentrations in the recycled water wereformate, ethylene glycol, ethanol, acetate, and methanol.Ethylene glycol was detected at 45 mg/L in one of the 29samples analyzed, six times the U.S. EPA HealthAdvisory level of 7 mg/L. The presence of this compoundwas due to ethylene glycol coolant leaks on board Mir.Recycled water was not consumed until additional waterprocessing hardware, a catalytic reactor unit, was installedto the CRS in December, 1996 to ensure the removal ofthis compound. Ethylene glycol levels are shown inFigure 6.

The mean concentration of total organic carbon (TOC) inthe Mir samples was 5.4 mg/L which exceeded the NASAmaximum contaminant level of 0.5 mg/L. Figure 7shows the TOC values observed in the Mir samples.Accountability of organic carbon was calculated bysumming the concentration of organic carbon for eachorganic compound analyzed and comparing this result tothe total organic carbon value. This comparison gives anindication of the theoretical yield of all organiccompounds in the sample and is referred to as the organiccarbon recovery. With regard to recovery of organiccarbon, an average of 14% of the organic content wasidentified using present analytical techniques.

Stored Water

Stored water provided to Mir crewmembers originated aseither Korolev, Russia tapwater processed and treated forspace flight and launched on a Progress resupply vehicleor U.S.-supplied fuel-cell water processed for potable useand delivered during Shuttle-Mir docking activities [17].The Russian-supplied water was transferred to Mir viaRodnik tanks or EDVs, while the U.S. water wasdelivered via Contingency Water Containers (CWCs).These water sources were then connected to the SVO-ZVsystem, a system for pressurizing and dispensing water forcrew use, or the SRV-K which recycles humiditycondensate into recycled water.

To assess continuing potability, six samples of Korolevwater were collected during preflight processing of thewater. Samples of U.S. supplied water were also collected

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before transfer to the Mir; results of these samples arereported elsewhere [17]. Eight samples of water at thepoint of use, i.e. SVO-ZV system, were collected inflight. SVO-ZV water could consist of either the Russiansupplied water, the U.S. supplied water, or a mixture ofboth. A summary of the inflight stored water results arereported in Table 4. In addition, a comparison of preflightand inflight stored water results for selected parameters isreported in Table 5.

Physical Parameters - Turbidity levels in the preflightstored water samples ranged from 0.43 to 11.14 NTU(average: 6.66 NTU), while samples collected in flightranged from 1.7 to 8.3 NTU (average: 5.7 NTU). pHlevels in both water types were neutral, with averagelevels of 7.3 and 7.8 respectively. Chemical OxygenDemand (COD) levels were not measured in the preflightsamples, although levels detected in the inflight samplesaveraged 43.8 mg/L (range: 10.5 – 105 mg/L). Only oneof the eight inflight samples exceeded the 100 mg/L RSAspecification for COD. This sample has 105 mg/L ofCOD and is believed to be U.S. Shuttle water since levelsof ethanol and formate were also high in this sample.Ethanol is used in preflight servicing of the Shuttle watersystem, while formate is used as a counterion during thepreparation of solutions used to add calcium andmagnesium to the Shuttle water transferred to Mir.Conductivity in the preflight stored water samplesaveraged 272 µS/cm. The conductivity averaged 238µS/cm for the inflight samples.

Inorganic Parameters - Inorganic compounds detectedabove 1 µg/L (mean concentration) in the preflight storedwater samples include silver, iron, aluminum, zinc,nickel, calcium, barium, manganese, cadmium, sulfate,magnesium, chloride, copper, sodium, and potassium.Silver is added to stored water supplies for microbialcontrol, and calcium and magnesium are added to meetRussian requirements. In general, none of the inorganiccompounds measured exceeded the U.S./Russian waterspecifications for stored water.

Organic Parameters - Ethanol, acetaldehyde, 2-propanol,caprolactam, and chloroform were the organic compoundsdetected in the highest concentrations in the stored watersamples. These compounds were found both in thepreflight and the inflight samples collected. Ethanol levelsin the stored water can be attributed to the U.S. Shuttlesupplied water, where ethanol is used to service theShuttle water system before launch [17]. Chloroformlevels were found in both the preflight and inflightsamples, indicating that this compound was initially acomponent of the Russian-supplied water. Additionalprocessing (activated carbon filtration) of the ground-supplied water was performed to reduce chloroform levels.Samples from later servicing show that the chloroformwas subsequently not found in the stored water supply.

Humidity Condensate Results

Twenty-eight humidity condensate samples were collectedat the inlet of the Condensate Recovery System (CRS).The CRS or SRV-K, located in the Mir core module, isused to recycle atmospheric moisture into potable water asshown in Figure 8. It may also be used to processtechnical CWCs into potable water and as a dispensingmechanism for CWC potable water.

To generate recycled water, humidity condensate iscollected from the Mir and Soyuz thermal controlsystems. Next, the condensate is filtered and processed bya catalytic reactor subsystem and then a gas separator thatremoves any residual air from the water. Following this,the water is processed by purification columns thatremove organic and inorganic contaminants from thewater. The water is then treated with silver and mineralsby a conditioning bed, pasteurized using a regenerativeheat exchanger, and stored for crew use. Crewmembersmay select either hot or ambient water for consumption[1,4,5]. A summary of results for the humidity condensatesamples is listed in Table 6.

Physical Parameters - The physical parameters measuredin the humidity condensate samples were pH,conductivity, and turbidity. The respective average valuesfor these parameters were 7.0 pH units, 244 µS/cm, and12 NTU.

Inorganic Parameters - Inorganic compounds detected inthe highest concentrations were ammonium (as N),sodium, sulfate, potassium, chloride, nickel, and zinc.These results were similar to results previously reportedby Samsonov et al [16].

Organic Parameters - Approximately 160 organiccompounds were detected in the humidity condensatesamples. Of these, ethylene glycol, ethanol, caprolactam,acetate, N,N-dimethylformamide, methylene chloride, and1-methoxy-2-propanol were the most prevalent. Ethyleneglycol levels were due to several coolant leaks previouslydiscussed. Figure 9 depicts the ethylene glycol levels inthe condensate. Ethanol levels detected may have originsas a crew metabolic product or as a component of crewhygiene items and disinfectant products. Table 7 lists theorganic compounds detected in the humidity condensate ator above 10 µg/L (mean concentration).

The average TOC level in the humidity condensatesamples was 118.9 mg/L. Of the 28 samples analyzed, theminimum TOC level seen was 17.6 mg/L and themaximum value detected was 411 mg/L. Figure 10 showsthe TOC levels in the condensate samples. Chemicaloxygen demand averaged 400 mg/L.

An analysis of condensate collected before and after a fireon board Mir did not reveal any significant differences inthe organic composition of the condensate. Accountability

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of organic matter in the condensate was much higher ascompared to the recycled water, because of the increasedconcentrations and quantities of chemical constituentsdetected in the samples. The organic carbon recovery inthe condensate average 48% (range: 3.8 – 92.5%).

Conclusions

During the Phase One Program, samples of humiditycondensate, recycled potable water, and stored water weresuccessfully collected on board the Mir Space Station andanalyzed on the ground by the Institute for BiomedicalProblems, the NASA-Johnson Space Center Water andFood Analytical Laboratory and NIICHIMASH. Theanalysis of these samples has provided important data forassessing the potability of the recycled water, especiallyduring the off-nominal conditions experienced with theMir thermal cooling system. Findings from the analysisof the regenerated and stored water sample show that thewater generally met Joint U.S./Russian specifications forthe Mir Space Station. It is noted, however, that the morestringent U.S. Segment NASA requirements for TOC andturbidity were exceeded in many of the samples.

Investigation Results

Based on this investigation and results from Mir 18 toMir 25, the following lessons were learned:

1. The results indicate that the Mir water supply met theU.S. and Russian water quality standards with thefollowing exceptions:

• Turbidity levels in the recycled water often exceededthe U.S. specification of 1 NTU. Because ofdifferences in analytical methodology between theU.S. and Russia, U.S. turbidity values could not bedirectly compared to the Russian specification

• TOC levels in the recycled water usually did not meetthe NASA U.S. Segment specification of 0.5 mg/L,although it did meet the Russian standard of no morethan 25 mg/L.

2. Collection and subsequent ground analysis ofcondensate and recycled water during repeated episodes ofethylene glycol coolant leaks and after the Mir fire werecritical in making operational decisions.

• Because an inflight capability did not exist to assessthe impact of the ethylene glycol spills on the qualityof the recycled water, consumption of the recycledwater was curtailed for extended periods.

3. Except for ethylene glycol and chloroform, fewcompounds have been detected at toxicologicallysignificant levels in the recycled water samples. Acatalytic reactor unit, installed in the CRS in 1996, wasfound to be effective at oxidizing ethylene glycols (andother glycols) and eliminating the threat to the potable

water supply. Additional ground-based processing of storedwater was successfully incorporated to reduce the level ofchloroform detected in the preflight stored water samplesfrom Korolev, Russia.

4. Over 210 organic and inorganic components weredetected in the condensate samples. Comparing the sum oforganic carbon contributed by each detected organiccompound to the total organic carbon measurementshowed that only about 48% of the carbon in the humiditycondensate samples was accounted and about 14% of thecarbon in the recycled water samples was accountedc.

5. Traces of various metals were detected in thecondensate and recycled water samples. Iron and nickellevels in the recycled water in particular tended to beincreasing over time.

Investigation Applications

This research will provide benefits on Earth through:

• Improvements in methods development for theanalysis of drinking water, and in particular, recycledpotable water.

• Better insight and understanding of water recyclinghardware operation and reliability.

• Increased knowledge of recycled potable watercontaminants.

• Practical support to the eventual recycle of water onthe Earth.

REFERENCES

1. Samsonov, N.M, Bobe, L.S., Novikov, V.M,Farafonov, N.S., Pinsky, B.Ja., Abromov, G. et al.,Systems for Water Reclamation from HumidityCondensate and Urine for Space Station, SAETechnical Paper Series no. #941536, 24thInternational Conference on Environmental Systemsand 5th European Symposium on SpaceEnvironmental Control Systems, Friedrichshafen,Germany, June 1994.

2. Pierre, L.M., Schultz, J.R., Johnson, S.M., Sauer,R.L., Sinyak, Y.E., Skuratov, V.M., and Protasov,N.N., Collection and Chemical Analysis ofReclaimed Water and Condensate from the Mir SpaceStation, SAE #961569, 26th International Conferenceon Environmental Systems, Monterey, CaliforniaJuly 1996.

3. Pierre, L.M., Schultz, J.R., Sauer, R.L. Sinyak,Y.E., Skuratov, V.M., and Protasov, N.N., ChemicalAnalysis of Potable Water and Humidity CondensateCollected During the Mir 21 Mission, SAE #972462,27th International Conference on EnvironmentalSystems, Lake Tahoe, Nevada July 1997

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4. Mitchell, K., Technical Assessment of Mir-1 LifeSupport Hardware for the International Space Station,Life Support Systems Branch/ED62, Marshall SpaceFlight Center, AL, 1993.

5. Samsonov, N.M, Bobe, L.S., Novikov, V.M,Farafonov, N.S., Abromov, G. Kh., Pinsky, B.Ja.,Grigorov, E.I., Zaitsev, E.N., Protasov, N.N.,Komolov, V.V., Grigoriev A.I., and Sinyak, Y.E.,Water Supply Based on Water Reclamation fromHumidity Condensate and Urine on a Space Station,SAE Technical Paper Series no. #961408, 26thInternational Conference on Environmental Systems,Monterey, California, July 1996.

6. United States Environmental Protection Agency,Office of Water, Drinking Water Regulations andHealth Advisories, EPA 822-B-95-002, October1996.

7. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater , 18th edition, American Public HealthAssociation, Washington, D.C. 1992

8. EPA Methods and Guidance for Analysis of Water onCD-ROM, United States Environmental ProtectionAgency, Office of Water, Washington D.C., April1997.

9. USSR State S tandards for Drinking Water , PublicHealth Ministry, Russia

10. Test Methods for Evaluating Solid WastePhysical/Chemical Methods (SW-846) on CD-ROM,Version 2, United States Environmental ProtectionAgency, Washington, D.C., December 1997.

11. American Society for Testing and Materials, StandardTest Method for Total Carbon, Inorganic Carbon, andOrganic Carbon in Water by Ultraviolet, PersulfateOxidation, and Membrane conductivity Detection,1996

12. Jandik, Peter and Gunther Bonn, Capillary Electrophoresis of Small Molecules and Ions , VCHPublishers, Inc. 1993

13. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater , 19th edition, American Public HealthAssociation, Washington, D.C. 1995

14. Samsonov, N.M, Bobe, L.S., Novikov, V.M,Farafonov, N.S., Amiragov, M.S., Gurovskaya,R.A., Protasov, N.N., Komolov, V.V., Sinyak,Y.E., and Skuratov, V.M., Testing and Operation ofthe Purification Unit of the System for WaterRecovery from Humidity Condensate (WRS-C) witha Higher Content of Organic Contaminants, SAETechnical Paper Series no. #981715, 28thInternational Conference on Environmental Systems,Danvers, MA, July 1998.

15. Samsonov, N.M, Bobe, L.S., Novikov, V.M,Farafonov, N.S., Pinsky, B.Ja., Abromov, G. Kh.,Berezkin, S.V., Grigorov, E.I., Zaitsev, E.N.,Protasov, N.N., Komolov, V.V., Grigoriev, A. I.,Sinyak, Y.E., Rakov, V.V., and Rifert, V.G.,Updated Systems for Water Recovery from HumidityCondensate and Urine for the International SpaceStation, SAE Technical Paper Series no. #972559,27th International Conference on EnvironmentalSystems, Lake Tahoe, NV, July 1997.

16. Samsonov, N.M, Farafonov, N.S., Novikov, V.M.,Bobe, L.I., Gavrilov, L.H.., Abramov, A. Y.Podrugin, Y.E. Sinyak, E.I. Grigorov, and E. N.Zaitsev. A Physical/Chemical System for Water andAtmosphere Recovery Aboard a Space Station, SAETechnical Paper Series no. #932077, 23rdInternational Conference on Environmental Systems,Colorado Springs, CO, July 1993.

17. Mudgett, P.D., Schultz, J.R., Packham, N.J.,Veselka, D.J., Brasseaux, Jr., H.J., Rotter, H.A., andSauer, R.L. Potable Water Treatment and Transferfrom Shuttle to Mir, SAE Technical Paper Series no.#972461, 27th International Conference onEnvironmental Systems, Lake Tahoe, NV, July1997.

18. Table 6.4-6 NASA Space Shuttle Specification,“Fluid Procurement and Use Control,” SE-S-0073,Rev F, Change 61, June 1996.

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Session Scheduled Actual Samples/Name FO# HW# Day Day Parameters

Mir 18preflight ground supplied 1 NA NA L-54 1000 ml of waterwater collection at RSC-Energia, 19 Jan 95 Split: 1000 ml US,Kalingrad, Russia 0 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD13 MD 13 965 ml of water

28 Mar 95 Split: 630 ml US,335 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD57 MD57 sample not received11 May 96 (sample could not be

found for return to Earth)galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD 97 MD 97 193 ml of water

20 Jun 95 Split: 145 ml US,48 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 FD7 MD110 583 ml of water3 Jul 95 Split: 395 ml US,

188 ml RSAstored water collection 2,3 2-7 FD7 MD110 291 ml of water

3 Jul 95 Split: 145 ml US,146 ml RSA

Mir 19preflight ground supplied 1 NA NA L-113 1000 ml of waterwater collection at RSC-Energia, 6 Mar 95 Split: 1000 ml US,Kalingrad, Russia 0 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD8 MD23 821.5 ml of water

27 Jul 95 Split: 537.5 ml US,284 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD32 MD42 1003 ml of water15 Aug 95 Split: 582.5 ml US,

448 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD55 MD55 1024 ml of water

28 Aug 95 Split: 582.5 ml US,442 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 unknown MD62-MD65 ?? ml of condensate4-7 Sept 1995 Split: 21 ml US,

?? ml RSAMir 20humidity condensate collection 4 1 unknown MD43 78.5 ml of condensate

30 Oct 95 Split: 73 ml US,5.5 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 2-7 MD60 MD60 848 ml of condensatefrom EDV #1 16 Nov 95 Split: 537.5 ml US,

310.5 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 2-7 MD60 MD60 910 ml of condensatefrom EDV #2 16 Nov 95 Split: 537.5 ml US,

372.5 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 2-7 MD60 MD60 976.5 ml of condensatefrom EDV #3 16 Nov 95 Split: 582.5 ml US,

400 ml RSASVO-ZV (stored) water collection 2,3 2-7 MD60 MD61 914 ml of water

17 Nov 95 Split: 537.5 ml US,376 ml RSA

Page 8: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-48

TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 1111.... DDDDAAAATTTTAAAA CCCCOOOOLLLLLLLLEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS SSSSEEEESSSSSSSSIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS////FFFFUUUUNNNNCCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNAAAALLLL OOOOBBBBJJJJEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIVVVVEEEESSSS

Session Scheduled Actual Samples/Name FO# HW# Day Day Parameters

Mir 21ground supplied water collection 1 NA NA L-120 1000 ml of waterat RSC-Energia, Korolev, Russia 2 Nov 95 Split: 1000 US,

0 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD10 MD10 860 ml of water

1 Mar 96 Split: 517.5 ml US,342.5 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD10-13 MD10-13 25 ml of condensate1-4-Mar-96 Split: 21 ml US,

4 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD28 MD28 770 ml of water

19 Mar 96 Split: 517.5 ml US,252.5 ml RSA

galley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD28 MD28 855 ml of water19 Mar 96 Split: 517.5 ml US,

337.5 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 MD28-31 MD28-31 89 ml of condensate

19-22- Mar-96 Split: 58.5 ml US,30.5 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD35 MD36 747.9 ml of water27 Mar 96 Split: 487.5 ml US,

260.4 ml RSAgalley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD35 MD36 309.5 ml of water

27 Mar 96 Split: 196.5 ml US,113 ml RSA

SVO-ZV (ground supplied) 2,3 2-7 MD35 MD36 24 ml of waterwater collection 27 Mar 96 Split: 22 ml US,

2 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 unknown MD 120-124 80 ml of condensate

18-22 -June-96 Split: 55 ml US,25 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD146 MD146 748 ml of water15 Jul 96 Split: 520 ml US,

228ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 unknown MD154-157 73 ml of condensate

23-26-Jul-96 Split: 50 ml US,23 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD177 MD177 768.5 ml of water15 Aug 96 Split: 520 ml US,

248.5ml RSAMir 22ground supplied water collection 1,5 7-14 NA L-74 1000 ml of waterat RSC-Energia, Korolev, Russia 3 Jun 96 Split: 1000 US,

0 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD19 MD19 250 ml of water

5 Sep 96 Split: 186 ml US,64 ml RSA

galley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD19 MD19 309.5 ml of water5 Sep 96 Split: 196.5 ml US,

113 ml RSA

Page 9: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-49

TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 1111.... DDDDAAAATTTTAAAA CCCCOOOOLLLLLLLLEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS SSSSEEEESSSSSSSSIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS////FFFFUUUUNNNNCCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNAAAALLLL OOOOBBBBJJJJEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIVVVVEEEESSSS

Session Scheduled Actual Samples/Name FO# HW# Day Day Parameters

Mir 22 contd.SVO-ZV (stored) water collection 2,3 2-7 MD19 MD19 862 ml of water

5 Sep 96 Split: 520 ml US,342 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 unknown MD24-26 214 ml of condensate10-12-Sep-96 Split: 131 ml US,

83 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 unknown MD30-32 347 ml of condensate

16-18-Sep-96 Split: 211 ml US,136 ml RSA

galley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD35 MD38 789 ml of water23 Sep 96 Split: 520 ml US,

269 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 MD 53-60 MD 53-60 72 ml of condensate

8-15- Oct-96 Split: 50 ml US,22 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD82 MD82 695 ml of water6 Nov 96 Split: 495 ml US,

200 ml RSAgalley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 not MD82 769 ml of water

scheduled 6 Nov 96 Split: 569 ml US,200 ml RSA

SVO-ZV (stored) water collection 2,3 2-7 not MD82 908 ml of waterscheduled 6 Nov 96 Split: 658 ml US,

250 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 MD 107-110 MD 107-110 88 ml of condensate

1-4-Dec-96 Split: 60 ml US,28 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 not MD110 788 ml of condensatescheduled 4 Dec 96 Split: 559 ml US,

229 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD110 MD110 754 ml of water

4 Dec 96 Split: 559 ml US,195 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD120 MD120 748 ml of water14 Dec 96 Split: 546 ml US,

202 ml RSAgalley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD120 MD120 778 ml of water

14 Dec 96 Split: 559 ml US,219 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD154 MD155 607 ml of water18 Jan 97 Split: 415 ml US,

192 ml RSASVO-ZV (ground supplied) 2,3 2-7 MD154 MD155 509 ml of waterwater collection 18 Jan 97 Split: 365 ml US,

144 ml RSAMir 22/ Mir 23humidity condensate collection 4 2-7 not MD 195-197 551ml of condensate

scheduled MD 17-19 Split: 401 ml US,2/26-3/1/97 150 ml RSA

Page 10: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-50

TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 1111.... DDDDAAAATTTTAAAA CCCCOOOOLLLLLLLLEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS SSSSEEEESSSSSSSSIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS////FFFFUUUUNNNNCCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNAAAALLLL OOOOBBBBJJJJEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIVVVVEEEESSSS

Session Scheduled Actual Samples/Name FO# HW# Day Day Parameters

Mir 22/ Mir 23 contd.4 2-7 not MD 197 787 ml of condensate

scheduled MD 19 Split: 537 ml US,1 Mar 97 250 ml RSA

Mir 23galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD 88 MD88 719 ml of water

8 May 97 Split: 519 ml US,200 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 not MD 99 755 ml of waterscheduled 19 May 97 Split: 522 ml US,

233 ml RSA

galley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD 99 MD 99 741 ml of water19 May 97 Split: 522 ml US,

219 ml RSASVO-ZV (ground supplied) 2,3 2-7 MD 99 MD 99 750 ml of waterwater collection 19 May 97 Split: 522 ml US,

228 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 MD93-96 MD93-96 58 ml of condensate

13-16-May-97 Split: 46 ml US,12 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD96-99 MD96-99 81 ml of condensate16-19-May-97 Split: 62 ml US,

19 ml RSAsurface condensate 4 2-7 not MD101 683 ml of condensate

scheduled 21 May 97 Split: 483 ml US,200 ml RSA

surface condensate 4 2-7 not MD 101 694 ml of condensatescheduled 21 May 97 Split: 494 ml US,

200 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD185 did not occur

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD195 did not occur

galley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD195 did not occur

Mir 24humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD26 MD28 sample not received

2 Sep 97

galley-cold water collection 2,3 2-7 MD57 MD57 752 ml of water1 Oct 97 Split: 526 ml US,

226 ml RSASVO-ZV (ground supplied) 2,3 2-7 MD57 cancelledwater collection

humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD29 did not occur

Page 11: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-51

TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 1111.... DDDDAAAATTTTAAAA CCCCOOOOLLLLLLLLEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS SSSSEEEESSSSSSSSIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS////FFFFUUUUNNNNCCCCTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNAAAALLLL OOOOBBBBJJJJEEEECCCCTTTTIIIIVVVVEEEESSSS

Session Scheduled Actual Samples/Name FO# HW# Day Day Parameters

Mir 24 contd.galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD104 MD104 209 ml of water

17 Nov 97 Split: 139 ml US,70 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD104 MD104 67 ml of water17 Nov 97 Split: 48 ml US,

19 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD114 MD114 835 ml of water

27 Nov 97 Split: 585 ml US,250 ml RSA

SVO-ZV (ground supplied) water 2,3 2-7 MD114 MD114 767 ml of watercollection 27 Nov 97 Split: 537 US,

230 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 2-7 MD114 MD115 702 ml of water

29 Nov 97 Split: 502 ml US,200 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD162 MD167 108 ml of water19 Jan 98 Split: 79 ml US,

29 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 MD162 MD167 71 ml of water

19 Jan 98 Split: 49 ml US,22 ml RSA

Mir 25galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD115 MD77 741 ml of water

9 Apr 98 Split: 474 ml US,267 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD50 MD85 703 ml of water23 Apr 98 Split: 472 ml US,

231 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 MD93 MD90 139 ml of water

28 Apr 98 Split: 96 ml US,43 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD122 MD103 137 ml of water11 May 98 Split: 99 ml US,

38 ml RSAgalley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD60 MD91 353 ml of water

21 May 98 Split: 243 ml US,110 ml RSA

galley-hot water collection 2,3 2-7 MD130 MD130 385 ml of water7 Jun 98 Split: 261 ml US,

124 ml RSASVO-ZV (ground supplied) water 2,3 2-7 MD130 MD130 381 ml of watercollection 7 Jun 98 Split: 261 US,

120 ml RSAhumidity condensate collection 4 1 MD130 MD130 165 ml of water

7 Jun 98 Split: 114 ml US,51 ml RSA

humidity condensate collection 4 1 MD199 MD199 ? ml of water(returned on Soyuz) 15 Aug 98 Split: 64 ml US,

? ml RSA

Page 12: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-52

TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 2222.... JJJJOOOOIIIINNNNTTTT UUUU....SSSS....////RRRRUUUUSSSSSSSSIIIIAAAANNNN PPPPOOOOTTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE WWWWAAAATTTTEEEERRRRSSSSPPPPEEEECCCCIIIIFFFFIIIICCCCAAAATTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS FFFFOOOORRRR TTTTHHHHEEEE MMMMIIIIRRRR SSSSPPPPAAAACCCCEEEE SSSSTTTTAAAATTTTIIIIOOOONNNN

U.S. Maximum Russian MaximumWater Parameter Contaminant Level (MCL) Contaminant Level (MCL)

pH1 5.5-9.0 pH units 5.5-9.0 pH unitsColor2 15 Pt-Co units 20 degreesTaste2 3 TTN 2 pointsOdor2 3 TON 2 pointsTotal Dissolved Solids3 100-1,000 mg/L 100-1,000 mg/LTurbidity2 1 NTU 1.5 mg/LTotal Gas 5% volume @1 ATM, 20oC 5% volume @1 ATM, 20oCAmmonia (NH3

-N) 2 mg/L 2 mg/LArsenic 0.01 mg/L 0.01 mg/LBarium 1 mg/L 1 mg/LCadium 0.005 mg/L 0.005 mg/LCalcium 100 mg/L 100 mg/LChlorine-total (includes Cl-) 250 mg/L 250 mg/LChromium 0.1 mg/L 0.1 mg/LCopper 1 mg/L 1 mg/LFluorine 1.5 mg/L 1.5 mg/LIodine-total (includes I-) 15 mg/L 15 mg/LIodine-residual4 1.0-4.0 mg/L 1.0-4.0 mg/LIron 0.3 mg/L 0.3 mg/LLead 0.05 mg/L 0.05 mg/LMagnesium 50 mg/L 50 mg/LManganese 0.05 mg/L 0.05 mg/LMercury 0.002 mg/L 0.002 mg/LNickel 0.1 mg/L 0.1 mg/LNitrate (NO3

-N) 10 mg/L 10 mg/LSelenium 0.01 mg/L 0.01 mg/LSilver 0.5 mg/L 0.5 mg/LSulfate 250 mg/L 250 mg/LZinc 5 mg/L 5 mg/LTotal Hardness (Ca & Mg) 7 meq/L 7 meq/LTotal Bacteria2 100 CFU/100 ml 10,000 CFU/100 mlColiform Bacteria <1 CFU/100 ml <1 CFU/100 mlVirus <1 PFU/100 ml <1 PFU/100 mlCyanide 200 µg/L 200 µg/LTotal Phenols 1 µg/L 1 µg/LTotal Organic Carbon (TOC) 500 µg/L 25,000 µg/LUncharacterized TOC 100 µg/L no limitOxygen Consumption-COD no limit 100 mg/L

1pH range applies only before iodination2Parameters have different values for U.S. and Russian supplied waterbecause of different analytical methods used

3The 100 mg/L limit applies to the water before mineralization.After mineralization, this parameter will not exceed 1,000 mg/L

4Range of required level if iodine is used as a biocide

Page 13: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-53

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Cond

uctiv

ityµ

S/cm

U.S

.29

151.

214

.311

30.0

Cond

uctiv

ityµ

S/cm

Russ

ia16

99.1

15.0

224.

0pH

pH u

nits

U.S

.5.

5-9.

0N

ASA/

RSA

287.

02.

610

.0pH

pH u

nits

Russ

ia5.

5-9.

0N

ASA/

RSA

227.

36.

18.

0Tu

rbid

ityN

TUU

.S.

1N

ASA/

RSA

232.

90.

37.

3Tu

rbid

itym

g/L

Russ

ia1.

5N

ASA/

RSA

70.

20.

01.

5Co

lor T

rue

degr

ees

Russ

ia15

Pt-C

oN

ASA/

RSA

1610

.310

.015

.0un

its/2

0O

dor a

t 20o C

grad

eRu

ssia

3 TO

N/2

NAS

A/RS

A18

0.3

02

Tast

e at

20o C

grad

eRu

ssia

3 TT

N/2

NAS

A/RS

A3

00

0To

tal S

olid

sm

g/L

Russ

ia1.

5N

ASA/

RSA

30

00

Tota

l Har

dnes

sm

eq/L

Russ

ia7

NAS

A/RS

A17

0.9

0.1

2.4

Chem

ical

Oxy

gen

Dem

and

mg O

2/L

Russ

iano

limit/

100

NAS

A/RS

A25

18.8

3.0

85.0

Anio

ns (C

E/IC

)Br

omid

em

g/L

U.S

.23

ND

ND

<0.

50Ch

lorid

em

g/L

U.S

.20

0N

ASA/

RSA

233.

6N

D13

.0Fl

uorid

em

g/L

U.S

.1.

5N

ASA/

RSA

230.

2N

D3.

7N

itrat

e as N

itrog

en (N

O3-

N)

mg/

LU

.S.

10N

ASA/

RSA

230.

1N

D0.

7N

itrite

as N

itrog

en (N

O2-

N)

mg/

LU

.S.

23N

DN

D<

0.0

8Ph

osph

ate a

s P (P

O4-

P)m

g/L

U.S

.23

0.0

ND

1.0

Sulfa

tem

g/L

U.S

.25

0N

ASA/

RSA

233.

7N

D27

.6Ca

tions

(CE/

IC)

Amm

onia

as N

itrog

en (N

H3-

N)

mg/

LU

.S.

2N

ASA/

RSA

250.

0N

D0.

4Ca

lcium

mg/

LU

.S.

100

NAS

A/RS

A25

13.7

2.4

38.9

Lith

ium

mg/

LU

.S.

250.

0N

D0.

4M

agne

sium

mg/

LU

.S.

50N

ASA/

RSA

252.

2N

D9.

4Po

tass

ium

mg/

LU

.S.

250.

6N

D2.

8So

dium

mg/

LU

.S.

251.

6N

D6.

0M

iner

als

Amm

oniu

m (N

H4)

mg/

LRu

ssia

2N

ASA/

RSA

160.

1N

D0.

8Ca

lcium

mg/

LRu

ssia

100

NAS

A/RS

A9

14.8

2.0

28.8

Mag

nesiu

mm

g/L

Russ

ia50

NAS

A/RS

A9

3.3

0.9

8.5

Page 14: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-54

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Met

als

Calci

umµ

g/L

U.S

.10

0000

NAS

A/RS

A0

NA

NA

NA

Mag

nesiu

g/L

U.S

.50

000

NAS

A/RS

A0

NA

NA

NA

Sodi

umµ

g/L

U.S

.0

NA

NA

NA

Pota

ssiu

g/L

U.S

.0

NA

NA

NA

Silv

erµ

g/L

U.S

.50

0N

ASA/

RSA

2811

3.6

8.4

674.

0Si

lver

ion

µg/

LRu

ssia

1534

.0N

D20

0.0

Alum

inum

µg/

LU

.S.

NAS

A16

44.5

<10

577.

0Ar

seni

g/L

U.S

.10

NAS

A22

ND

ND

<5

Bariu

g/L

U.S

.10

00N

ASA

2218

9.7

ND

2440

.0Ca

dmiu

g/L

U.S

.5

NAS

A22

0.0

ND

0.9

Chro

miu

g/L

U.S

.10

0N

ASA

220.

1N

D0.

6Co

balt

µg/

LU

.S.

NAS

A22

ND

ND

<5

Copp

erµ

g/L

U.S

.10

00N

ASA

2214

.95.

330

.3Iro

g/L

U.S

.30

0N

ASA

2264

.49.

326

5.0

Mer

cury

µg/

LU

.S.

2N

ASA

180.

0N

D0.

8M

anga

nese

µg/

LU

.S.

50N

ASA

229.

2N

D51

.7M

olyb

denu

g/L

U.S

.N

ASA

100.

2N

D1.

5N

ickel

µg/

LU

.S.

100

NAS

A22

31.3

5.6

157.

0Le

adµ

g/L

U.S

.50

NAS

A22

2.0

ND

5.5

Sele

nium

µg/

LU

.S.

10N

ASA

220.

4N

D9.

2Zi

ncµ

g/L

U.S

.50

00N

ASA

2269

.510

.447

5.0

Palla

dium

µg/

LU

.S.

NAS

A0

NA

NA

NA

Silic

onµ

g/L

U.S

.N

ASA

0N

AN

AN

ATu

ngst

enµ

g/L

U.S

.0

NA

NA

NA

Tota

l Org

anic

Car

bon

TIC

(OI 1

010)

mg/

LU

.S.

127.

60.

331

.5PO

C (O

I 101

0)m

g/L

U.S

.3

0.1

0.1

0.1

NPO

C (O

I 101

0)m

g/L

U.S

.12

6.7

1.0

23.7

TOC

(OI 1

010)

mg/

LU

.S.

0.5/

25N

ASA/

RSA

34.

71.

36.

7TI

C (S

ieve

rs 8

00)

mg/

LU

.S.

2010

.01.

828

.3TO

C (S

ieve

rs 8

00)

mg/

LU

.S.

0.5/

25N

ASA/

RSA

225.

40.

325

.1TO

C (S

ieve

rs 8

00)

mg/

LRu

ssia

0.5/

25N

ASA/

RSA

910

.70.

523

.2

Page 15: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-55

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Vola

tile

Org

anic

sAc

etal

dehy

deµ

g/L

U.S

.23

2.2

ND

50.9

Acet

one

µg/

LU

.S.

2622

.5N

D13

1.7

Acry

loni

ltrile

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DAl

lyl c

hlor

ide

ND

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Benz

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

5.0

EPA

26N

DN

DN

DBr

omob

enze

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Brom

ochl

orom

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.50

.0EP

A D

WEL

26N

DN

DN

DBr

omod

ichlo

rom

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.10

0EP

A26

0.4

ND

5.8

Brom

ofor

g/L

U.S

.10

0EP

A26

ND

ND

ND

Brom

omet

hane

µg/

LU

.S.

10EP

A H

A26

ND

ND

ND

2-Bu

tano

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

n-Bu

tylb

enze

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

s-Bu

tylb

enze

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

t-But

ylbe

nzen

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Carb

on di

sulfi

deµ

g/L

U.S

.26

1.6

ND

<20

.0Ca

rbon

tetra

chlo

ride

µg/

LU

.S.

5EP

A26

1.3

ND

32.8

Chlo

roac

eton

itrile

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DCh

loro

benz

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

100

EPA

26N

DN

DN

D1-

Chlo

robu

tane

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DCh

loro

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Chlo

rofo

rmµ

g/L

U.S

.10

0EP

A26

17.6

ND

177.

2Ch

loro

met

hane

µg/

LU

.S.

3EP

A H

A26

ND

ND

ND

2-Ch

loro

tolu

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

100

EPA

HA

26N

DN

DN

D4-

Chlo

roto

luen

g/L

U.S

.10

0EP

A H

A26

ND

ND

ND

Dib

rom

ochl

orom

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.10

0EP

A26

0.2

ND

4.7

1,2-

Dib

rom

o-3-

chlo

ropr

opan

g/L

U.S

.0.

2EP

A26

ND

ND

ND

1,2-

Dib

rom

oeth

ane

µg/

LU

.S.

0.05

EPA

26N

DN

DN

DD

ibro

mom

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

1,2-

Dich

loro

benz

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

600

EPA

26N

DN

DN

D1,

3-D

ichlo

robe

nzen

g/L

U.S

.60

0EP

A26

ND

ND

ND

1,4-

Dich

loro

benz

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

75EP

A26

0.0

ND

0.5

trans

-1,4

-dich

loro

-2-b

uten

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Page 16: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-56

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Vola

tile

Org

anic

s con

td.

Dich

loro

diflu

orom

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.10

00EP

A H

A26

0.0

ND

0.9

1,1-

Dich

loro

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

1,2-

Dich

loro

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.5

EPA

26N

DN

DN

D1,

1-D

ichlo

roet

hene

µg/

LU

.S.

7EP

A26

0.2

ND

5.1

cis1,

2-di

chlo

roet

hene

µg/

LU

.S.

70EP

A26

0.2

ND

4.4

trans

-1,2

-dich

loro

ethe

neµ

g/L

U.S

.10

0EP

A26

0.2

ND

5.7

1,2-

Dich

loro

prop

ane

µg/

LU

.S.

5EP

A26

ND

ND

ND

1,3-

Dich

loro

prop

ane

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

D2,

2-D

ichlo

ropr

opan

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

1,2-

Dich

loro

prop

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

Dcis

-1,3

-Dich

loro

prop

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

Dtra

ns-1

,3-D

ichlo

ropr

open

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Die

thyl

ethe

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Ethy

lben

zene

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DEt

hyl m

etha

cyla

teµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Hex

achl

orob

utad

iene

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DH

exac

hlor

oeth

ane

µg/

LU

.S.

1EP

A H

A26

ND

ND

ND

2-H

exan

one

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DIo

dom

etha

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Isopr

opyl

benz

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

D4-

Isopr

opyl

tolu

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DLi

nolo

olµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Met

hacr

ylon

itrile

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

DM

ethy

lacr

ylat

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Met

hyl-t

-but

ylet

her

µg/

LU

.S.

20EP

A H

A26

ND

ND

ND

Met

hyle

ne ch

lorid

g/L

U.S

.5

EPA

264.

3N

D92

.9M

ethy

lmet

hacr

ylat

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

4-M

ethy

l-2-p

enta

none

µg/

LU

.S.

26N

DN

DN

Dal

pha-

Met

hyl s

tyre

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Pent

achl

oroe

than

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Perfl

uoro

-1,3

-dim

ethy

lcyclo

hexa

neµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Tetra

hydr

ofur

anµ

g/L

U.S

.26

ND

ND

ND

Page 17: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-57

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Vola

tile

Org

anic

s con

td.

Tolu

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

260.

1N

D2.

7Tr

ichlo

roet

hene

µg/

LU

.S.

5EP

A26

ND

ND

ND

m&p

-Xyl

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

Tota

l Xyl

enes

EPA

260.

0N

D0.

510

000

o-Xy

lene

µg/

LU

.S.

Tota

l Xyl

enes

EPA

26N

DN

DN

D10

000

Extr

acta

ble

Org

anic

sAc

etop

heno

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

2.5

ND

41.0

2-Am

inon

apht

hale

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.0

ND

0.5

Anili

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

0.9

Azob

enze

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

2,2'

-Azo

bis-

isobu

tyro

nitri

leµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Benz

alde

hyde

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

3N

D2.

8Be

nzoi

c acid

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D4.

6Be

nzot

hiaz

ole

µg/

LU

.S.

2710

.1N

D11

0.7

Benz

yl al

coho

g/L

U.S

.27

1.3

ND

8.2

Benz

yl bu

tyl p

hthl

ate

µg/

LU

.S.

7000

EPA

DW

EL27

0.3

ND

3.8

2-Bu

toxy

etha

nol

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

D2-

(2-B

utox

yeth

oxy)

etha

nol

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

52-

(2-B

utox

yeth

oxy)

ethy

l ace

tate

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

Dn-

Buty

lpal

mita

teµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Buty

late

d hyd

roxy

aniso

le (B

HA)

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

1N

D3.

5N

-But

ylbe

nzen

esul

fona

mid

g/L

U.S

.27

0.3

ND

2.7

3-te

rt-Bu

tylp

heno

g/L

U.S

.27

4.2

ND

113.

4Ca

ffein

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Capr

olac

tam

µg/

LU

.S.

271.

1N

D27

.4tri

s-2-

Chlo

roet

hyl p

hosp

hate

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

3N

D5.

8o-

Cres

ol (2

-Met

hylp

heno

l)µ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Cyclo

dode

cane

µg/

LU

.S.

275.

4N

D14

6.4

Cyclo

hexa

none

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

4D

ecam

ethy

lcyclo

pent

asilo

xane

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

4N

D5.

61,

4 D

iace

tylb

enze

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.2

ND

5.6

Page 18: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-58

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Extr

acta

ble

Org

anic

s con

td.

1,3-

Dich

loro

benz

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

600

EPA

270.

1N

D1.

41,

4-D

ichlo

robe

nzen

g/L

U.S

.75

EPA

270.

0N

D0.

9D

i-n-b

utyl

amin

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Dia

llyl P

htha

late

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DD

i-n-b

utyl

phth

alat

g/L

U.S

.40

00EP

A D

WEL

2714

.4N

D29

6.7

N,N

-Dib

utyl

form

amid

g/L

U.S

.27

0.3

ND

8.8

2,6-

Di-t

-but

yl-1

,4-b

enzo

quin

one

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D3.

73,

5-D

i-t-b

utyl

-4-h

ydro

xybe

nzal

dehy

deµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.0

ND

0.1

2,6-

Di-t

-but

yl-4

-met

hylp

heno

g/L

U.S

.27

0.6

ND

15.8

2,4-

Di-t

-but

ylph

enol

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

1N

D1.

3D

icyclo

hexy

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

N,N

-Die

thyl

form

amid

g/L

U.S

.27

1.1

ND

30.9

N,N

-Die

thyl

-m-to

luam

ide

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

5D

ieth

ylen

e gly

col d

i-n-b

utyl

ethe

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Die

thyl

ene g

lyco

l mon

oeth

yl et

her

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

9N

D25

.0D

ieth

yl ph

thal

ate

µg/

LU

.S.

5000

EPA

HA

270.

3N

D3.

4D

iisop

ropy

l Adi

pate

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

1N

D0.

9N

,N-D

imet

hyla

ceta

mid

g/L

U.S

.27

1.6

ND

43.9

N,N

-Dim

ethy

lben

zyla

min

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

2.1

Dim

ethy

lcarb

amyl

chlo

ride

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

3N

D3.

2N

,N-D

imet

hylfo

rmam

ide

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DD

imet

hyl p

htha

late

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DD

imet

hylth

ioca

rbam

oyl c

hlor

ide

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DD

ipro

pyle

ne gl

ycol

met

hyl e

ther

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DD

odec

amet

hylcy

clohe

xasil

oxan

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

1.4

Dod

ecan

oic a

cidµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Eico

sane

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

1N

D2.

02-

Etho

xyet

hano

g/L

U.S

.27

0.3

ND

7.7

2-Et

hylh

exan

oic a

cidµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

3.9

2-Et

hyl-1

-hex

anol

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

8N

D12

.8bi

s-2-

Ethy

lhex

yl ad

ipat

g/L

U.S

.40

0EP

A27

0.0

ND

0.5

bis-

2-Et

hylh

exyl

phth

alat

e (D

ioct

yl ph

thla

te)

µg/

LU

.S.

6EP

A H

A27

2.0

ND

27.9

Page 19: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-59

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Extr

acta

ble

Org

anic

s con

td.

4-Et

hylm

orph

olin

g/L

U.S

.27

1.2

ND

31.8

4-Et

hylp

heno

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

1-Fo

rmyl

pipe

ridin

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Hen

eico

sane

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D5.

42-

Hep

tano

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.0

ND

0.4

Hex

anoi

c acid

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

D2-

Hex

anol

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DH

exan

amid

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Hyd

rocin

nam

ic ac

idµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

2-H

ydro

xybe

nzot

hiaz

ole

µg/

LU

.S.

271.

2N

D6.

8In

dole

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

3Iso

phor

one

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DLi

mon

ene

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

8p-

Men

th-1

-en-

8-ol

(alp

ha-T

erpi

neol

g/L

U.S

.27

0.9

ND

24.5

Men

thol

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DM

enth

one

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

D2-

Mer

capt

oben

zoth

iazo

leµ

g/L

U.S

.27

4.2

ND

41.8

2,2'

-Met

hyle

nebi

s(6-

t-but

yl-4

-eth

ylph

enol

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

3-M

ethy

l-2-c

yclo

hexe

n-1-

one

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D6.

1M

ethy

l-4-h

ydro

xybe

nzoa

teµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.2

ND

5.1

3-M

ethy

lindo

leµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

2-M

ethy

l-2,4

-pen

tane

diol

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

D4-

Met

hylp

heno

g/L

U.S

.27

0.0

ND

0.1

2-M

ethy

lpyr

azin

g/L

U.S

.27

0.2

ND

6.1

1-M

ethy

l-2-p

yrro

lidin

one

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

5N

D11

.4M

ethy

l sul

fone

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

62-

Met

hylth

iobe

nzot

hiaz

ole

µg/

LU

.S.

274.

9N

D48

.5M

onom

ethy

l pht

hala

teµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.2

ND

5.0

Neo

men

thol

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DN

icotin

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Non

adec

ane

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DO

ctad

ecan

olµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.4

ND

8.8

Page 20: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-60

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Extr

acta

ble

Org

anic

s con

td.

Oct

amet

hylcy

clote

trasil

oxan

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

1.0

Oct

anoi

c Acid

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

1N

D2.

64-

t-Oct

ylph

enol

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DO

xindo

leµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Pent

acos

ane

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D3.

7s-

Phen

ethy

l alco

hol

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

3N

D8.

4Ph

enol

µg/

LU

.S.

1/40

00N

ASA/

EPA

HA

270.

9N

D6.

0bi

s-Ph

enol

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

Phen

oxya

cetic

acid

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

D2-

Phen

oxye

than

olµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

N-P

heny

l-2-n

apht

hyla

min

g/L

U.S

.27

1.6

ND

13.1

2-Ph

enyl

acet

ic Ac

idµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.3

ND

7.6

Phen

ylet

hyl a

lcoho

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

2-Ph

enyl

phen

olµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

3.2

2-Ph

enyl

-2-p

ropa

nol

µg/

LU

.S.

271.

1N

D30

.6Ph

enyl

sulfo

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

2.8

ND

75.1

Phth

alid

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

2.8

Salic

yclic

Acid

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DSq

uale

neµ

g/L

U.S

.27

0.0

ND

1.2

1-Te

trade

cano

g/L

U.S

.27

0.6

ND

6.2

Tetra

met

hylsu

ccin

onitr

ileµ

g/L

U.S

.27

1.2

ND

31.7

Tetra

met

hylth

iour

eaµ

g/L

U.S

.27

1.3

ND

24.6

Tetra

met

hylu

rea

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D6.

0Th

ymol

µg/

LU

.S.

230.

0N

D0.

1o-

Tolu

ic ac

idµ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

1,3,

5-Tr

ially

l-1,3

,5-tr

iazin

e-µ

g/L

U.S

.27

ND

ND

ND

2,4

,6(1

H,3

H,5

H)-t

rione

Trico

sane

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

5Tr

ibut

yl Ph

osph

ate

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DTr

ieth

yl Ph

osph

ate

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D4.

6Tr

ieth

ylam

ine

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

4N

D11

.8

Page 21: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

POSTFLIGHT SCIENCE REPORT SAUER

4-61

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Extr

acta

ble

Org

anic

s con

td.

2,2,

4-Tr

imet

hyl-

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

0N

D0.

1 1

,3-p

enta

nedi

ol di

isobu

tyra

teU

ndec

anoi

c Acid

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

2N

D5.

82-

Und

ecan

one

µg/

LU

.S.

27N

DN

DN

DU

reth

ane

µg/

LU

.S.

270.

6N

D2.

8Va

nilli

g/L

U.S

.27

0.1

ND

2.3

Alco

hols

(DAI

/GC/

MS)

1-Bu

tano

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

ND

Etha

nol

µg/

LU

.S.

2912

8.83

ND

2447

.0M

etha

nol

µg/

LU

.S.

2916

.86

ND

489.

01-

Met

hoxy

-2-p

ropa

nol

µg/

LU

.S.

29N

DN

DN

D2-

Met

hyl-2

-but

anol

µg/

LU

.S.

29N

DN

DN

D2-

Met

hyl-2

-pro

pano

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

ND

1-Pr

opan

olµ

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

ND

2-Pr

opan

olµ

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

ND

Alco

hols

/Ace

tone

Acet

one

µg/

LRu

ssia

1138

0.0

ND

3500

.0Bu

tano

g/L

Russ

ia5

ND

ND

ND

Etha

nol

µg/

LRu

ssia

1122

.7N

D25

0.0

Isoam

yl al

coho

g/L

Russ

ia11

ND

ND

ND

Met

hano

g/L

Russ

ia5

ND

ND

ND

Prop

anol

µg/

LRu

ssia

1181

.8N

D90

0.0

Gly

cols

(DAI

/GC/

MS)

1,2-

Etha

nedi

olµ

g/L

U.S

.70

00EP

A H

A25

1821

.2N

D45

530.

01,

2-Pr

opan

edio

g/L

U.S

.25

ND

ND

ND

1,2-

Etha

nedi

olµ

g/L

Russ

ia70

00EP

A H

A11

ND

ND

ND

1,2-

Prop

aned

iol

µg/

LRu

ssia

812

37.5

ND

3700

.0O

rgan

ic A

cids

(SPE

/GC/

MS)

Acet

ic ac

idµ

g/L

U.S

.7

ND

ND

ND

Acet

ic ac

idµ

g/L

Russ

ia11

381.

8N

D22

00.0

Lact

ic ac

idµ

g/L

U.S

.7

ND

ND

ND

Prop

ioni

c acid

µg/

LU

.S.

7N

DN

DN

D

Page 22: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

4-62

TABL

E 3

. SU

MM

AR

Y O

F R

EGEN

ERA

TED

WA

TER

RES

ULT

SM

issi

onM

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25M

ir 1

8-25

Mir

18-

25Sa

mpl

e Lo

catio

nM

axim

umM

axim

umN

umbe

rM

ean

Min

imum

Max

imum

Sam

ple

Des

crip

tion

Test

Cont

amin

ant

Cont

amin

ant

of Sa

mpl

es(X

)Sa

mpl

e D

ate

Cond

ucte

dLe

vel

Leve

lAn

alyz

edAn

alys

is/S

ampl

e ID

Uni

tsby

(MCL

)So

urce

(n)

Alde

hyde

sAc

etal

dehy

deµ

g/L

U.S

.1

ND

ND

ND

Form

alde

hyde

µg/

LU

.S.

1000

EPA

HA

277.

5N

D63

.4Ca

rbox

ylat

es (C

E)Ac

etat

em

g/L

U.S

.29

0.1

ND

1.5

Buty

rate

mg/

LU

.S.

0N

AN

AN

AFo

rmat

em

g/L

U.S

.29

2.5

ND

29.1

Gly

cola

tem

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

<0.

25G

lyox

ylat

em

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

<0.

25La

ctat

em

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

<0.

25Pr

opio

nate

mg/

LU

.S.

29N

DN

D<

0.25

Oxa

late

mg/

LU

.S.

29N

DN

D<

0.25

Amin

es (C

E)Et

hyla

min

em

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

<0.

25M

ethy

lam

ine

mg/

LU

.S.

29N

DN

D<

0.63

Prop

ylam

ine

mg/

LU

.S.

290.

0N

D0.

3Tr

imet

hyla

min

em

g/L

U.S

.29

ND

ND

< 0

.25

Ure

am

g/L

U.S

.27

0.0

ND

1.1

Org

anic

Car

bon

Reco

very

perc

ent

U.S

.27

14.2

0.1

76.3

NA

= n

ot an

alyz

edN

D =

not

dete

cted

DW

EL =

drin

king

wat

er eq

uiva

lent

leve

lH

A =

hea

lth ad

viso

ry

Page 23: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

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TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 4444.... SSSSUUUUMMMMMMMMAAAARRRRYYYY OOOOFFFF SSSSTTTTOOOORRRREEEEDDDD WWWWAAAATTTTEEEERRRR RRRREEEESSSSUUUULLLLTTTTSSSS

Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Conductivity µS/cm U.S. 7 238.1 177.0 322.0Conductivity µS/cm Russia 6 202.0 171.0 280.0pH pH units U.S. 7 7.3 7.0 7.7pH pH units Russia 6 7.4 7.0 8.2Turbidity NTU U.S. 6 5.7 1.7 8.3Turbidity mg/L Russia 2 0.0 0.0 0.0Color True degrees Russia 3 10.0 10.0 10.0Odor at 20oC grade Russia 4 0.3 0.0 1.0Taste at 20oC grade Russia 0 NA NA NATotal Solids mg/L Russia 0 NA NA NATotal Hardness meq/L Russia 6 2.0 1.4 2.3Chemical Oxygen Demand mg O2/L Russia 6 43.8 10.5 105.0Anions (CE/IC)Bromide mg/L U.S. 7 ND ND <0.50Chloride mg/L U.S. 8 6.4 ND 13.3Fluoride mg/L U.S. 8 0.4 ND 2.1Nitrate as Nitrogen (NO3-N) mg/L U.S. 8 1.0 ND 6.5Nitrite as Nitrogen (NO2-N) mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <0.08Phosphate as P (PO4-P) mg/L U.S. 8 0.0 ND 0.1Sulfate mg/L U.S. 8 10.6 ND 29.9Cations (CE/IC)Ammonia as Nitrogen (NH3-N) mg/L U.S. 8 0.0 ND 0.0Calcium mg/L U.S. 8 33.4 23.3 41.7Lithium mg/L U.S. 8 0.0 ND 0.0Magnesium mg/L U.S. 8 7.9 4.2 11.9Potassium mg/L U.S. 8 1.3 ND 2.5Sodium mg/L U.S. 8 4.2 0.5 7.5MineralsAmmonium (NH4) mg/L Russia 5 0.1 <0.001 0.3Calcium mg/L Russia 3 16.9 <0.001 30.0Magnesium mg/L Russia 3 3.2 <0.001 4.8MetalsCalcium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NAMagnesium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NASodium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NAPotassium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NASilver µg/L U.S. 8 388.3 77.0 889.0Silver ion µg/L Russia 4 107.8 1.0 180.0Aluminum µg/L U.S. 5 137.0 1.5 620.0Arsenic µg/L U.S. 7 0.3 ND 1.1Barium µg/L U.S. 7 24.4 2.2 44.1Cadmium µg/L U.S. 7 14.3 <1 43.6Chromium µg/L U.S. 7 0.1 ND 0.4Cobalt µg/L U.S. 5 ND ND NDCopper µg/L U.S. 7 4.9 ND 21.0Iron µg/L U.S. 7 156.7 4.2 290.0Mercury µg/L U.S. 5 ND ND <0.5Manganese µg/L U.S. 7 15.6 ND 62.7

Page 24: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

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4-64

TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 4444.... SSSSUUUUMMMMMMMMAAAARRRRYYYY OOOOFFFF SSSSTTTTOOOORRRREEEEDDDD WWWWAAAATTTTEEEERRRR RRRREEEESSSSUUUULLLLTTTTSSSS

Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Metals contd.Molybdenum µg/L U.S. 3 ND ND NDNickel µg/L U.S. 7 37.9 1.2 79.3Lead µg/L U.S. 7 0.2 ND 1.1Selenium µg/L U.S. 7 ND ND NDZinc µg/L U.S. 7 119.4 29.4 549.0Palladium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NASilicon µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NATungsten µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NATotal Organic CarbonTIC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 4 17.9 3.6 30.0POC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NANPOC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 4 14.3 8.4 30.5TOC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NATIC (Sievers 800) mg/L U.S. 7 18.6 6.9 31.8TOC (Sievers 800) mg/L U.S. 7 19.0 7.0 54.8TOC (Sievers 800) mg/L Russia 3 19.2 7.5 30.2Volatile Organics Acetaldehyde µg/L U.S. 7 433.4 ND 3034.0Acetone µg/L U.S. 8 71.4 ND 230.2Acryloniltrile µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDAllyl chloride ND U.S. 8 ND ND NDBenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDBromobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDBromochloromethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDBromodichloromethane µg/L U.S. 8 2.6 ND 9.0Bromoform µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDBromomethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Butanone µg/L U.S. 8 4.4 ND 35.4n-Butylbenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDs-Butylbenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDt-Butylbenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDCarbon disulfide µg/L U.S. 8 0.2 ND 1.4Carbon tetrachloride µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDChloroacetonitrile µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDChlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1-Chlorobutane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDChloroethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDChloroform µg/L U.S. 8 81.2 ND 243.6Chloromethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Chlorotoluene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND4-Chlorotoluene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDibromochloromethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Dibromoethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDibromomethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,3-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND

Page 25: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

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TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 4444.... SSSSUUUUMMMMMMMMAAAARRRRYYYY OOOOFFFF SSSSTTTTOOOORRRREEEEDDDD WWWWAAAATTTTEEEERRRR RRRREEEESSSSUUUULLLLTTTTSSSS

Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Volatile Organics contd.1,4-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDtrans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDichlorodifluoromethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,1-Dichloroethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Dichloroethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,1-Dichloroethene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDcis1,2-dichloroethene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDtrans-1,2-dichloroethene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Dichloropropane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,3-Dichloropropane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2,2-Dichloropropane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Dichloropropene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDcis-1,3-Dichloropropene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDtrans-1,3-Dichloropropene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDiethyl ether µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDEthylbenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDEthyl methacylate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDHexachlorobutadiene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDHexachloroethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Hexanone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDIodomethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDIsopropylbenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND4-Isopropyltoluene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDLinolool µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDMethacrylonitrile µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDMethylacrylate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDMethyl-t-butylether µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDMethylene chloride µg/L U.S. 8 0.7 ND 3.8Methylmethacrylate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND4-Methyl-2-pentanone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDalpha-Methyl styrene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDPentachloroethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDPerfluoro-1,3- µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND dimethylcyclohexaneTetrahydrofuran µg/L U.S. 8 1.9 ND 14.8Toluene µg/L U.S. 8 1.5 ND 11.9Trichloroethene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDm&p-Xylene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDo-Xylene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDExtractable Organics Acetophenone µg/L U.S. 8 0.2 ND 1.62-Aminonaphthalene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDAniline µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDAzobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2,2'-Azobis-isobutyronitrile µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDBenzaldehyde µg/L U.S. 8 0.6 ND 4.9Benzoic acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND

Page 26: Analysis of Mir Archival Water Samples - NASA · DISCUSSION Status of Data Analysis Chemical analyses of the water samples have been completed. Final Research Findings Regenerated

SAUER POSTFLIGHT SCI ENCE REPORT

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Extractable Organics contd.Benzothiazole µg/L U.S. 8 1.4 ND 6.9Benzyl alcohol µg/L U.S. 8 13.2 ND 62.4Benzyl butyl phthlate µg/L U.S. 8 0.9 ND 4.72-Butoxyethanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol µg/L U.S. 8 0.2 ND 1.92-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDn-Butylpalmitate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDButylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDN-Butylbenzenesulfonamide µg/L U.S. 8 0.5 ND 2.23-tert-Butylphenol µg/L U.S. 8 0.1 ND 0.8Caffeine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDCaprolactam µg/L U.S. 8 107.4 ND 576.7tris-2-Chloroethyl phosphate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDo-Cresol (2-Methylphenol) µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDCyclododecane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDCyclohexanone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDecamethylcyclopentasiloxane µg/L U.S. 8 0.8 ND 3.21,4 Diacetylbenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,3- Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,4-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDi-n-butylamine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDiallyl Phthalate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDi-n-butyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 8 0.4 ND 1.8N,N-Dibutylformamide µg/L U.S. 8 0.2 ND 1.62,6-Di-t-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND3,5-Di-t-butyl- µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2,4-Di-t-butylphenol µg/L U.S. 8 0.1 ND 0.8Dicyclohexyl µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDN,N-Diethylformamide µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDN,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDiethylene glycol di-n-butyl ether µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDiethylene glycol monoethyl ether µg/L U.S. 8 0.4 ND 3.2Diethyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 8 1.8 ND 6.6Diisopropyl Adipate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDN,N-Dimethylacetamide µg/L U.S. 8 0.7 ND 5.9N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDimethylcarbamyl chloride µg/L U.S. 8 0.2 ND 1.6N,N-Dimethylformamide µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDimethyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 8 0.2 ND 0.8Dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDipropylene glycol methyl ether µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDDodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane µg/L U.S. 8 0.0 ND 0.2Dodecanoic acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDEicosane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Ethoxyethanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Extractable Organics contd.2-Ethylhexanoic acid µg/L U.S. 8 2.1 ND 16.62-Ethyl-1-hexanol µg/L U.S. 8 3.1 ND 20.2bis-2-Ethylhexyl adipate µg/L U.S. 8 0.1 ND 0.7bis-2-Ethylhexyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 8 0.3 ND 2.0 (Dioctyl phthlate)4-Ethylmorpholine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND4-Ethylphenol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1-Formylpiperidine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDHeneicosane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Heptanone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDHexanoic acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Hexanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDHexanamide µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDHydrocinnamic acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Hydroxybenzothiazole µg/L U.S. 8 0.4 ND 2.9Indole µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDIsophorone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDIsophorone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDLimonene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDp-Menth-1-en-8-ol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND (alpha-Terpineol)Menthol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDMenthone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Mercaptobenzothiazole µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2,2'-Methylenebis µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND (6-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol) 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDMethyl-4-hydroxybenzoate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND3-Methylindole µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND4-Methylphenol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Methylpyrazine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone µg/L U.S. 8 0.4 ND 3.0Methyl sulfone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Methylthiobenzothiazole µg/L U.S. 8 0.4 ND 1.3Monomethyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 8 0.7 ND 5.7Neomenthol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDNicotine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDNonadecane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDOctadecanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDOctamethylcyclotetrasiloxane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDOctanoic Acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND4-t-Octylphenol µg/L U.S. 8 0.0 ND 0.1Oxindole µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDPentacosane µg/L U.S. 8 3.4 ND 26.7s-Phenethyl alcohol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Extractable Organics contd.Phenol µg/L U.S. 8 5.4 ND 24.8bis-Phenol A µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDPhenoxyacetic acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Phenoxyethanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDN-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine µg/L U.S. 8 0.3 ND 2.52-Phenylacetic Acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDPhenylethyl alcohol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Phenylphenol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Phenyl-2-propanol µg/L U.S. 8 0.3 ND 1.2Phenyl sulfone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDPhthalide µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDSalicyclic Acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDSqualene µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1-Tetradecanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDTetramethylsuccinonitrile µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDTetramethylthiourea µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDTetramethylurea µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDThymol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDo-Toluic acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,3,5-Triallyl-1,3,5-triazine- µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND 2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trioneTricosane µg/L U.S. 8 3.0 ND 23.6Tributyl Phosphate µg/L U.S. 8 0.1 ND 1.1Triethyl Phosphate µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDTriethylamine µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2,2,4-Trimethyl- µg/L U.S. 8 0.3 ND 2.3 1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrateUndecanoic Acid µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Undecanone µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDUrethane µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDVanillin µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDAlcohols (DAI/GC/MS)1-Butanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND NDEthanol µg/L U.S. 8 14457.1 ND 86642.0Methanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1-Methoxy-2-propanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Methyl-2-butanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Methyl-2-propanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1-Propanol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND2-Propanol µg/L U.S. 8 53.8 ND 430.0Alcohols/AcetoneAcetone µg/L Russia 3 733.3 ND 2200.0Butanol µg/L Russia 0 NA NA NAEthanol µg/L Russia 3 ND ND NDIsoamyl alcohol µg/L Russia 3 666.7 ND 2000.0Methanol µg/L Russia 1 ND ND NDPropanol µg/L Russia 3 300.0 ND 900.0

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Glycols (DAI/GC/MS)1,2-Ethanediol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Propanediol µg/L U.S. 8 ND ND ND1,2-Ethanediol µg/L Russia 3 500.0 ND 1500.01,2-Propanediol µg/L Russia 2 4500.0 ND 9000.0Organic Acids (SPE/GC/MS) Acetic acid µg/L U.S. 1 ND ND NDAcetic acid µg/L Russia 3 5400.0 ND 15400.0Lactic acid µg/L U.S. 1 ND ND NDPropionic acid µg/L U.S. 1 ND ND NDAldehydesAcetaldehyde µg/L U.S. 1 71.6 71.6 71.6Formaldehyde µg/L U.S. 8 2.8 ND 12.6Carboxylates (CE)Acetate mg/L U.S. 8 0.0 ND 0.2Butyrate mg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NAFormate mg/L U.S. 8 21.9 ND 73.0Glycolate mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <0.25Glyoxylate mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <0.25Lactate mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <0.25Propionate mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <0.25Oxalate mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <0.25Amines (CE)Ethylamine mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <1.25Methylamine mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <1.25Propylamine mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <1.25Trimethylamine mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <2.5Urea mg/L U.S. 8 ND ND <1.0Organic Carbon Recovery percent U.S. 8 41.9 0.1 102.4NA = not analyzedND = not detectedDWEL = drinking water equivalent levelHA = health advisory

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Preflight Stored Water In-flight Stored WaterParameter Units (Mean Concentration) (Mean Concentration)

Conductivity mS/cm 272.3 238.1pH pH units 7.56 7.3Turbidity NTU 6.66 5.7Chloride mg/L 11.9 6.4Sulfate mg/L 12.4 10.6Calcium mg/L 29.95 33.4Magnesium mg/L 8.78 7.9Potassium mg/L 2 1.3Sodium mg/L 6.14 4.2Aluminum µg/L 22.2 137Barium µg/L 36.2 24.4Silver µg/L 445.8 388.3Iron µg/L 81.82 156.7Manganese µg/L 17.8 15.6Zinc mg/L 6.6 119.4TOC mg/L 7.12 18.6Acetaldehyde mg/L ND 433.4Acetone mg/L 13.3 71.4Chloroform µg/L 113.87 81.2Caprolactam µg/L ND 107.4Formate mg/L ND 21.92-Propanol µg/L ND 53.8Ethanol µg/L 300 14457Organic Carbon Recovery percent 0.27 41.9ND= not detected

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Conductivity µS/cm U.S. 27 244.1 118.0 506.0Conductivity µS/cm Russia 16 258.9 165.0 497.0pH pH units U.S. 27 7.0 6.2 7.7pH pH units Russia 19 7.3 6.3 7.9Turbidity NTU U.S. 22 11.7 4.0 39.5Turbidity mg/L Russia 7 0.8 0.1 2.0Color True degrees Russia 10 12.5 10.0 15.0Odor at 20oC grade Russia 15 2.3 1 3Taste at 20oC grade Russia 0 NA NA NATotal Solids mg/L Russia 0 NA NA NATotal Hardness meq/L Russia 2 1.1 0.3 2.0Chemical Oxygen Demand mg O2/L Russia 20 400.1 90.0 1520.0Anions (CE/IC)Bromide mg/L U.S. 26 ND ND <5.0Chloride mg/L U.S. 28 1.7 ND 16.8Fluoride mg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 0.7Nitrate as Nitrogen (NO3-N) mg/L U.S. 28 0.5 ND 8.2Nitrite as Nitrogen (NO2-N) mg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 0.3Phosphate as P (PO4-P) mg/L U.S. 28 0.4 ND 9.5Sulfate mg/L U.S. 28 6.3 ND 114.0Cations (CE/IC)Ammonia as Nitrogen (NH3-N) mg/L U.S. 28 25.0 <0.002 48.0Calcium mg/L U.S. 28 1.0 ND 6.1Lithium mg/L U.S. 28 0.3 ND 4.7Magnesium mg/L U.S. 28 0.6 ND 6.6Potassium mg/L U.S. 28 1.8 ND 20.4Sodium mg/L U.S. 28 8.3 ND 123.4MineralsAmmonium (NH4) mg/L Russia 12 43.8 15.7 135.0Calcium mg/L Russia 0 NA NA NAMagnesium mg/L Russia 0 NA NA NAMetalsCalcium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NAMagnesium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NASodium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NAPotassium µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NASilver µg/L U.S. 26 82.8 ND 982.0Silver ion µg/L Russia 2 0.0 0.0 0.0Aluminum µg/L U.S. 18 47.9 <20 166.0Arsenic µg/L U.S. 23 ND ND <2Barium µg/L U.S. 23 635.7 ND 13920.0Cadmium µg/L U.S. 23 27.4 ND 240.0Chromium µg/L U.S. 23 12.4 ND 161.0Cobalt µg/L U.S. 23 ND ND NDCopper µg/L U.S. 23 16.4 ND 102.0Iron µg/L U.S. 23 107.9 ND 618.0Mercury µg/L U.S. 19 4.9 ND 83.7Manganese µg/L U.S. 23 63.7 ND 336.0

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Metals contd.Molybdenum µg/L U.S. 16 75.9 ND 618.0Nickel µg/L U.S. 23 1399.9 10.2 14700.0Lead µg/L U.S. 23 40.9 ND 311.0Selenium µg/L U.S. 23 0.5 ND 8.2Zinc µg/L U.S. 23 1260.2 3.5 5334.0Palladium µg/L U.S. 2 12.1 11.5 12.6Silicon µg/L U.S. 0 NA NA NATungsten µg/L U.S. 1 1290.0 1290.0 1290.0Total Organic CarbonTIC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 13 21.5 6.3 35.1POC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 1 3.9 3.9 3.9NPOC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 13 47.7 14.5 97.0TOC (OI 1010) mg/L U.S. 1 18.5 18.5 18.5TIC (Sievers 800) mg/L U.S. 23 28.1 4.9 44.4TOC (Sievers 800) mg/L U.S. 24 118.9 17.6 411.0TOC (Sievers 800) mg/L Russia 11 176.5 49.0 447.0Volatile Organics Acetaldehyde µg/L U.S. 22 353.6 ND 2563.2Acetone µg/L U.S. 28 743.4 ND 10145.0Acryloniltrile µg/L U.S. 28 0.8 ND 22.0Allyl chloride ND U.S. 28 ND ND NDBenzene µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 5.4Bromobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDBromochloromethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDBromodichloromethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDBromoform µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDBromomethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Butanone µg/L U.S. 28 4.3 ND 35.2n-Butylbenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDs-Butylbenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDt-Butylbenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDCarbon disulfide µg/L U.S. 28 403.5 ND 2750.9Carbon tetrachloride µg/L U.S. 28 5.4 ND 150.5Chloroacetonitrile µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDChlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1-Chlorobutane µg/L U.S. 28 1.6 ND 44.5Chloroethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND 0.0Chloroform µg/L U.S. 28 0.4 ND 5.8Chloromethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Chlorotoluene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND4-Chlorotoluene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDDibromochloromethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,2-Dibromoethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDDibromomethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,2-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,3-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Volatile Organics contd.1,4-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDtrans-1,4-dichloro-2-butene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDDichlorodifluoromethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,1-Dichloroethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,2-Dichloroethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,1-Dichloroethene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDcis1,2-dichloroethene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDtrans-1,2-dichloroethene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,2-Dichloropropane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,3-Dichloropropane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2,2-Dichloropropane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,2-Dichloropropene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDcis-1,3-Dichloropropene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDtrans-1,3-Dichloropropene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDDiethyl ether µg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 2.1Ethylbenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDEthyl methacylate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDHexachlorobutadiene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDHexachloroethane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Hexanone µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDIodomethane µg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 1.3Isopropylbenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND4-Isopropyltoluene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDLinolool µg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 1.2Methacrylonitrile µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDMethylacrylate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDMethyl-t-butylether µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDMethylene chloride µg/L U.S. 28 1011.8 ND 28296.0Methylmethacrylate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND4-Methyl-2-pentanone µg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 2.2alpha-Methyl styrene µg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 1.0Pentachloroethane µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 6.9Perfluoro-1,3- µg/L U.S. 28 0.5 ND 13.0 dimethylcyclohexaneTetrahydrofuran µg/L U.S. 28 17.5 ND 212.7Toluene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDTrichloroethene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDm&p-Xylene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDo-Xylene µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 3.8Extractable Organics Acetophenone µg/L U.S. 28 24.8 ND 76.42-Aminonaphthalene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDAniline µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDAzobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2,2'-Azobis-isobutyronitrile µg/L U.S. 28 7.4 ND 61.7Benzaldehyde µg/L U.S. 28 26.3 ND 212.4Benzoic acid µg/L U.S. 28 5.7 ND 108.6

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Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Extractable Organics contd.Benzothiazole µg/L U.S. 28 81.7 5.1 184.5Benzyl alcohol µg/L U.S. 28 827.9 ND 9633.6Benzyl butyl phthlate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Butoxyethanol µg/L U.S. 28 13.2 ND 111.12-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethanol µg/L U.S. 28 6.5 ND 76.82-(2-Butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate µg/L U.S. 28 0.7 ND 20.0n-Butylpalmitate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDButylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) µg/L U.S. 28 4.1 ND 13.5N-Butylbenzenesulfonamide µg/L U.S. 28 0.3 ND 3.23-tert-Butylphenol µg/L U.S. 28 301.9 70.6 867.6Caffeine µg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 2.7Caprolactam µg/L U.S. 28 1348.4 ND 17996.7tris-2-Chloroethyl phosphate µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 5.8o-Cresol (2-Methylphenol) µg/L U.S. 28 481.2 ND 7936.7Cyclododecane µg/L U.S. 28 0.3 ND 7.5Cyclohexanone µg/L U.S. 28 0.5 ND 3.8Decamethylcyclopentasiloxane µg/L U.S. 28 0.4 ND 5.61,4 Diacetylbenzene µg/L U.S. 28 6.5 ND 21.91,3- Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1,4-Dichlorobenzene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDDi-n-butylamine µg/L U.S. 28 2.8 ND 28.0Diallyl Phthalate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDDi-n-butyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 28 21.9 ND 355.5N,N-Dibutylformamide µg/L U.S. 28 1.1 ND 6.52,6-Di-t-butyl-1,4-benzoquinone µg/L U.S. 28 4.9 ND 31.23,5-Di-t-butyl- µg/L U.S. 28 1.6 ND 20.3 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenol µg/L U.S. 28 0.7 ND 16.02,4-Di-t-butylphenol µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 1.8Dicyclohexyl µg/L U.S. 28 0.5 ND 8.8N,N-Diethylformamide µg/L U.S. 28 83.9 ND 219.6N,N-Diethyl-m-toluamide µg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 1.0Diethylene glycol di-n-butyl ether µg/L U.S. 28 0.3 ND 7.9Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether µg/L U.S. 28 114.9 ND 763.8Diethyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 28 0.6 ND 5.1Diisopropyl Adipate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDN,N-Dimethylacetamide µg/L U.S. 28 599.1 ND 4203.1N,N-Dimethylbenzylamine µg/L U.S. 28 2.1 ND 11.7Dimethylcarbamyl chloride µg/L U.S. 28 34.8 ND 355.8N,N-Dimethylformamide µg/L U.S. 28 1099.2 ND 4222.5Dimethyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 28 0.7 ND 8.2Dimethylthiocarbamoyl chloride µg/L U.S. 28 2.0 ND 56.1Dipropylene glycol methyl ether µg/L U.S. 28 64.2 ND 303.2Dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane µg/L U.S. 28 3.3 ND 23.8Dodecanoic acid µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDEicosane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Ethoxyethanol µg/L U.S. 28 603.2 ND 2428.4

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TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 6666.... HHHHUUUUMMMMIIIIDDDDIIIITTTTYYYY AAAANNNNDDDD SSSSUUUURRRRFFFFAAAACCCCEEEE CCCCOOOONNNNDDDDEEEENNNNSSSSAAAATTTTEEEE RRRREEEESSSSUUUULLLLTTTTSSSS

Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Extractable Organics contd.2-Ethylhexanoic acid µg/L U.S. 28 15.3 ND 142.92-Ethyl-1-hexanol µg/L U.S. 28 82.6 ND 768.2bis-2-Ethylhexyl adipate µg/L U.S. 28 666.9 ND 18674.0bis-2-Ethylhexyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 28 71.4 ND 928.0 (Dioctyl phthlate)4-Ethylmorpholine µg/L U.S. 28 149.5 ND 546.34-Ethylphenol µg/L U.S. 28 1.5 ND 13.61-Formylpiperidine µg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 0.4Heneicosane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Heptanone µg/L U.S. 28 4.2 ND 117.3Hexanoic acid µg/L U.S. 28 0.7 ND 19.72-Hexanol µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDHexanamide µg/L U.S. 28 6.6 ND 105.0Hydrocinnamic acid µg/L U.S. 28 1.9 ND 53.62-Hydroxybenzothiazole µg/L U.S. 28 64.2 ND 359.7Indole µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDIsophorone µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDLimonene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDp-Menth-1-en-8-ol µg/L U.S. 28 13.9 ND 50.3 (alpha-Terpineol)Menthol µg/L U.S. 28 0.5 ND 5.4Menthone µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Mercaptobenzothiazole µg/L U.S. 28 10.2 ND 155.72,2'-Methylenebis µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND (6-t-butyl-4-ethylphenol) 3-Methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one µg/L U.S. 28 0.6 ND 9.8Methyl-4-hydroxybenzoate µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 28.53-Methylindole µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND2-Methyl-2,4-pentanediol µg/L U.S. 28 5.5 ND 114.84-Methylphenol µg/L U.S. 28 24.2 ND 523.12-Methylpyrazine µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 17.11-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone µg/L U.S. 28 131.4 ND 675.7Methyl sulfone µg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 195.12-Methylthiobenzothiazole µg/L U.S. 28 38.2 3.9 146.4Monomethyl phthalate µg/L U.S. 28 1.6 ND 35.1Neomenthol µg/L U.S. 28 8.4 ND 74.6Nicotine µg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 2.0Nonadecane µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDOctadecanol µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDOctamethylcyclotetrasiloxane µg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 2.9Octanoic Acid µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND4-t-Octylphenol µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDOxindole µg/L U.S. 28 0.2 ND 5.2Pentacosane µg/L U.S. 28 0.8 ND 15.0s-Phenethyl alcohol µg/L U.S. 28 16.8 ND 154.3Phenol µg/L U.S. 28 46.4 ND 1197.6bis-Phenol A µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND

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TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 6666.... HHHHUUUUMMMMIIIIDDDDIIIITTTTYYYY AAAANNNNDDDD SSSSUUUURRRRFFFFAAAACCCCEEEE CCCCOOOONNNNDDDDEEEENNNNSSSSAAAATTTTEEEE RRRREEEESSSSUUUULLLLTTTTSSSS

Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Extractable Organics contd.Phenoxyacetic acid µg/L U.S. 28 10.7 ND 122.72-Phenoxyethanol µg/L U.S. 28 7.6 ND 58.1N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine µg/L U.S. 28 14.8 ND 75.32-Phenylacetic Acid µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDPhenylethyl alcohol µg/L U.S. 28 2.2 ND 39.72-Phenylphenol µg/L U.S. 28 1.4 ND 9.92-Phenyl-2-propanol µg/L U.S. 28 87.8 ND 201.1Phenyl sulfone µg/L U.S. 28 23.8 ND 93.3Phthalide µg/L U.S. 28 0.5 ND 7.3Salicyclic Acid µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDSqualene µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND ND1-Tetradecanol µg/L U.S. 28 0.3 ND 7.3Tetramethylsuccinonitrile µg/L U.S. 28 48.1 ND 146.4Tetramethylthiourea µg/L U.S. 28 219.6 ND 1291.4Tetramethylurea µg/L U.S. 28 90.3 ND 388.5Thymol µg/L U.S. 28 59.3 ND 333.9o-Toluic acid µg/L U.S. 28 2.9 ND 80.51,3,5-Triallyl-1,3,5-triazine- µg/L U.S. 28 2.7 ND 13.4 2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trioneTricosane µg/L U.S. 28 0.3 ND 8.1Tributyl Phosphate µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDTriethyl Phosphate µg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 1.3Triethylamine µg/L U.S. 28 1.6 ND 16.22,2,4-Trimethyl- µg/L U.S. 28 0.3 ND 8.6 1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrateUndecanoic Acid µg/L U.S. 28 0.8 ND 22.92-Undecanone µg/L U.S. 28 0.4 ND 7.1Urethane µg/L U.S. 28 1.6 ND 17.2Vanillin µg/L U.S. 28 ND ND NDAlcohols (DAI/GC/MS)1-Butanol µg/L U.S. 28 399.5 ND 5471.0Ethanol µg/L U.S. 28 26382.2 ND 333518.0Methanol µg/L U.S. 28 788.5 ND 13939.01-Methoxy-2-propanol µg/L U.S. 18 1010.1 ND 3964.02-Methyl-2-butanol µg/L U.S. 27 8.6 ND 240.02-Methyl-2-propanol µg/L U.S. 28 44.75 ND 224.01-Propanol µg/L U.S. 28 15.7 ND 439.02-Propanol µg/L U.S. 27 689.4 ND 11816.0Alcohols/AcetoneAcetone µg/L Russia 12 2275.8 ND 13800.0Butanol µg/L Russia 5 5640.0 ND 16700.0Ethanol µg/L Russia 12 70973.3 ND 405800.0Isoamyl alcohol µg/L Russia 8 3875.0 ND 30100.0Methanol µg/L Russia 7 6900.0 ND 16100.0Propanol µg/L Russia 8 275.0 ND 600.0

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TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 6666.... HHHHUUUUMMMMIIIIDDDDIIIITTTTYYYY AAAANNNNDDDD SSSSUUUURRRRFFFFAAAACCCCEEEE CCCCOOOONNNNDDDDEEEENNNNSSSSAAAATTTTEEEE RRRREEEESSSSUUUULLLLTTTTSSSS

Mission Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25 Mir 18-25Sample Location Number Mean Minimum MaximumSample Description Test of Samples (X)Sample Date Conducted AnalyzedAnalysis/Sample ID Units by (n)Glycols (DAI/GC/MS)1,2-Ethanediol µg/L U.S. 28 135051.5 ND 474000.01,2-Propanediol µg/L U.S. 28 4592.8 ND 21100.01,2-Ethanediol µg/L Russia 14 139157.1 ND 463100.01,2-Propanediol µg/L Russia 6 1716.7 ND 10000.0Organic Acids (SPE/GC/MS) Acetic acid µg/L U.S. 5 ND ND NDAcetic acid µg/L Russia 7 18528.6 ND 37500.0Lactic acid µg/L U.S. 5 28.0 ND 140.0Propionic acid µg/L U.S. 5 ND ND NDAldehydesAcetaldehyde µg/L U.S. 4 688.3 ND >1840Formaldehyde µg/L U.S. 28 25.5 5.8 60.4Carboxylates (CE)Acetate mg/L U.S. 28 1.3 ND 34.8Butyrate mg/L U.S. 17 ND ND <1.25Formate mg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND 0.5Glycolate mg/L U.S. 28 0.8 ND 5.9Glyoxylate mg/L U.S. 27 ND ND <6.25Lactate mg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 3.1Propionate mg/L U.S. 28 0.4 ND 4.7Oxalate mg/L U.S. 28 0.1 ND 3.0Amines (CE)Ethylamine mg/L U.S. 28 ND ND <6.25Methylamine mg/L U.S. 28 0.9 ND <6.25Propylamine mg/L U.S. 28 ND ND <6.25Trimethylamine mg/L U.S. 28 0.0 ND <6.25Urea mg/L U.S. 28 0.8 ND 6.8Organic Carbon Recovery percent U.S. 27 48.4 3.8 92.5NA = not analyzedND = not detected

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TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 7777.... OOOORRRRGGGGAAAANNNNIIIICCCC CCCCOOOOMMMMPPPPOOOOUUUUNNNNDDDDSSSS DDDDEEEETTTTEEEECCCCTTTTEEEEDDDD IIIINNNN TTTTHHHHEEEE HHHHUUUUMMMMIIIIDDDDIIIITTTTYYYYCCCCOOOONNNNDDDDEEEENNNNSSSSAAAATTTTEEEE LLLLEEEEVVVVEEEELLLLSSSS AAAATTTT OOOORRRR AAAABBBBOOOOVVVVEEEE 11110000 µGGGG////LLLL

Compound Units Mean Min MaxEthylene glycol µg/L 135051.5 ND 474000Ethanol µg/L 26382.2 ND 333518Caprolactam µg/L 1348.4 ND 17996.7Acetate µg/L 1296.6 ND 34800N,N-Dimethylformamide µg/L 1099.2 ND 4222.5Methylene chloride µg/L 1011.8 ND 282961-Methoxy-2-propanol µg/L 1010.1 ND 3964Benzyl alcohol µg/L 827.9 ND 9633.6Glycolate µg/L 803.9 ND 5880Methanol µg/L 788.5 ND 13939Urea µg/L 752.5 ND 6780Acetone µg/L 743.4 ND 101452-Propanol µg/L 689.4 ND 11816bis-2-Ethylhexyl adipate µg/L 666.9 ND 186742-Ethoxyethanol µg/L 603.2 ND 2428.4N,N-Dimethylacetamide µg/L 599.1 ND 4203.1o-Cresol µg/L 481.2 ND 7936.7Propionate µg/L 427.5 ND 4710Carbon disulfide µg/L 403.5 ND 2750.91-Butanol µg/L 399.5 ND 5471Acetaldehyde µg/L 353.6 ND 2563.23-t-Butylphenol µg/L 301.9 70.6 867.6Tetramethylthiourea µg/L 219.6 ND 1291.44-Ethylmorpholine µg/L 149.5 ND 546.3Lactate µg/L 141.4 ND 31101-Methyl-2-pyrrolidinone µg/L 131.4 ND 675.7Diethylene glycol monoethyl ether µg/L 114.9 ND 763.8Oxalate µg/L 105.7 ND 2960Methylamine µg/L 92.4 ND 530Tetramethylurea µg/L 90.3 ND 388.52-Phenyl-2-propanol µg/L 87.8 ND 201.1N,N-Diethylformamide µg/L 83.9 ND 219.62-Ethyl-1-hexanol µg/L 82.6 ND 768.2Benzothiazole µg/L 81.7 5.1 184.5Dioctyl phthalate µg/L 71.4 ND 9282-Hydroxybenzothiazole µg/L 64.2 ND 359.7Dipropylene glycol methyl ether µg/L 64.2 ND 303.2Thymol µg/L 59.3 ND 333.9Tetramethysuccinonitrile µg/L 48.1 ND 146.4Phenol µg/L 46.4 ND 1197.62-Methyl-2-propanol µg/L 44.8 ND 2242-Methylthiobenzothiazole µg/L 38.2 3.9 146.4Dimethylcarbamyl chloride µg/L 34.8 ND 355.8Formate µg/L 31.8 ND 500Lactic acid µg/L 28 ND 140Benzaldehyde µg/L 26.3 ND 212.4Formaldehyde µg/L 25.5 5.8 60.4Acetophenone µg/L 24.8 ND 76.4

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TTTTAAAABBBBLLLLEEEE 7777.... OOOORRRRGGGGAAAANNNNIIIICCCC CCCCOOOOMMMMPPPPOOOOUUUUNNNNDDDDSSSS DDDDEEEETTTTEEEECCCCTTTTEEEEDDDD IIIINNNN TTTTHHHHEEEE HHHHUUUUMMMMIIIIDDDDIIIITTTTYYYYCCCCOOOONNNNDDDDEEEENNNNSSSSAAAATTTTEEEE LLLLEEEEVVVVEEEELLLLSSSS AAAATTTT OOOORRRR AAAABBBBOOOOVVVVEEEE 11110000 µGGGG////LLLL

Compound Units Mean Min Max4-Methylphenol µg/L 24.2 ND 523.1Phenyl sulfone µg/L 23.8 ND 93.3Di-n-butylphthalate µg/L 21.9 ND 355.5Tetrahydrofuran µg/L 17.5 ND 212.7s-Phenethyl alcohol µg/L 16.8 ND 154.31-Propanol µg/L 15.7 ND 4392-Ethylhexanoic acid µg/L 15.3 ND 142.9N-Phenyl-2-napthylamine µg/L 14.8 ND 75.3alpha Terpineol µg/L 13.9 ND 50.32-Butoxyethanol µg/L 13.2 ND 111.1Phenoxyacetic acid µg/L 10.7 ND 122.72-Mercaptobenzothiazole µg/L 10.2 ND 155.7

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Figure 1. Mir 18 to Mir 21 Sample Collection Methodology.

Figure 2. Mir 21 to Mir 25 Sample Collection Methodology .

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Figure 4. Iron Levels in the Recycled Water Samples Collected from Mir 18 to Mir 25.

Figure 5. Nickel Levels in the Recycled Water Samples Collected from Mir 18 to Mir 25.

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Figure 6. Ethylene Glycol Levels in the Recycled Water Samples Collected from Mir 18 to Mir 25.

Figure 7. TOC in Recycled Water Samples Collected from Mir 18 to Mir 25.

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Figure 9. Ethylene Glycol Levels in the Humidity Condensate Samples Collected from Mir 18 to Mir 25.

Figure 10. TOC Levels in the Humidity Condensate Samples Collected from Mir 18 to Mir 25.