An – Najah National University

Design of The Water Distribution Networkof Qaryut Village

Prepared By: Mohammad Sate' Mosa Mosa

Supervisor: Dr. Mohammad N. Almasri

2010

1

Introduction

1.1 Water distribution networks (WDN):

Water supply systems are the lifeline of urban

and rural communities. But this system is not easy or cheap to be earn, such a system is costly, and the most costly element in this system is the water distribution network.

A water distribution network (WDN) is comprised of a number of links (mainly pipes) connected together to form loops and/or branches.

1.1 Water distribution networks (WDN):

The WDNs should be capable of:

Meeting the demandsSatisfactory the pressure head

The WDNs may be classified as:

Grid(looped) systemsBranching systemsCombination of the two

1.2 Design of WDNs:

The design of WDNs involves the following:

Determination of pipe diameters

Determination of pump specifications

Determination of reservoir size and location

Selection of pipe material

2Objectives

2.1 The Objective of the Project:

The main objective of this project is to design the water

distribution network of Qaryut with the aid of EPANET.

3Study Area

3.1 Geography and Topography:

Qaryut is located 42 km to north of Jerusalem and 26 km to the south of Nablus.

Administratively, Qaryut is belongs to Nablus governorate it is located at the top of mountain which is elevated 750 m above mean sea level. The area of Qaryut is about 7491 dunnoms.

Topographically, the village is a mountainous area reaching

heights of between Nablus and Ramallah

Qaryut

3.2 The Meaning of Qaryut:

Qaryut is an old Canaanite name, where Qaryut called by that name because it is surrounded by several villages. This name includes two parts:

(QAR): which means villages, the second part, (YUT): meaning center.

So the meaning of Qaryut is the center of villages.

3.3 Rainfall:

1996

1998

2000

2002

2004

2006

2008

2010

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200Rainfall

3.4 Population:

1922 1931 1945 1961 1982 1987 1997 20070

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

Year

Popu

latio

n

3.5 Water Resources:

Qaryut has two springs:

1. Qaryut spring

3.5 Water Resources:

2. Salon spring

3.5 Water Resources:

3. Mekorot : Citizens in Qaryut, get their requirements of water from a

filling point provided by Mekorot. Where the water transfer to citizens by tractors

4

Methodology

5

Questionnaire

5.1 Background:

The questionnaire is the first step to start this project, it give the opportunity to know some important information that affect the water demand.

The questionnaire covers 50 families. It focused on the issues that affect per capita water consumption, to know the percentage of each factor.

Insufficient90%

sufficient10%

Water Quantity

have90%

Do not have10%

House well

Add23%

Does not add77%

Chlorination

Expensive100%

Price of Water

6

Design Approach

6.1 Water Supply System For the Southern Villages of Nablus:

6.1.1 Rujeib well pump :

6.1.2 Qusra Reservoir:

6.2 Area Partition (Before Parting):

6.2 (After Parting):

6.3 Data Input:

Growth rate (r) = 2.36%Density of the population = = Design Period = 25 years water consumption per capita day = 125 L /C

dayLosses: 14%Total consumption = population * (L / c –day)

6.3 Data Input:

Max daily demand = 1.8 h Lf = 162.5*( )1.852*D-4.87*L

For the pipes I choose it UPVC with (H-WC)=125 transition link from Qusra reservoir to Talfit

and Qaryut has a diameter 6 inch, then branch to 4 inch diameter so I choose the diameter gradually to the end

7

Results

7.1 The Velocity in Pipes:

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 2000

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

Pip Max Velosity Linear (Max Velosity)pipe

velocity m/s

pipe

7.2 The Pressure Head for Nodes:

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

-20

0

20

40

60

80

100

NodesNodes

Pressure Head

7.3 The Pressure Head for Nodes (after add a pump):

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 1800

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

NodeMax allawable pressure headLinear (Max allawable pressure head)Max allawable pressure headLinear (Max allawable pressure head)

Nodes

Pres

sure

H

ead

Min

8

Conclusions

8.1 Pipes required to WDN of Qaryut:

The WDN includes 132 pipes. I summarize the pipes required in below table

The total cost of the pipes = 323,695 JOD

6 1 1,7004 16 1,4303 10 4902 22 1,435

1.5 83 6,810Total 132 pipes 11,865 m

Diameter (inch) Number of link Total length (m)

8.2 Pump required to WDN of Qaryut:

A pump should be used in order to guarantee that the water can reach all the residents of the village at sufficient pressure (>=20m)

I choose a pump with inflow (30m3/hr), and give a head (34.1 m) to give at least 20m pressure head at nodes to reach all citizens.

The capital cost of this pump is (5350 JOD).

9

Recommendations

9.1 Recommendations:

Since Qaryut village is without a WDN, it is highly recommended to quickly construct the WDN for the village.

Springs rehabilitation in order to reduce spring losses and to prevent pollution. This enables the village to take advantage of these resources.

Public awareness campaigns should be carried out to encourage the residents of Qaryut to practice water conservation.