an introduction to open source gis
DESCRIPTION
Open Source software has come a long way in recent years for storing, manipulating and presenting spatial data. The Openstreetmap (www.openstreetmap.org) project is a great example of what can be achieved using open software and open data.This presentation will look at using a combination of postgis, geoserver and openlayers to process, store and present vector and raster map data.The presentation will also demonstrate OGC web mapping protocols, map projections, spatial toolkits (including uDig, gdal and ogr) and sources of free geospatial data.Gavin Jackson is a software engineer working in the Spatial Team on the Atlas of Living Australia project (www.ala.org.au).Bio: A software engineer with 10 years experience (BInfTech ANU, Msc UNSW), he has worked in a variety of environments, including Department of Defence (IT Security), CPT Global (Stress and Volume Testing), Les Mills (Software Engineer) and, currently, CSIRO (Spatial Software Engineer).He has long been an advocate for the use and implementation of Open Source technologies, and is a Redhat Certified Engineer (RHCE).TRANSCRIPT
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An Introduction To Open Source GIS
Gavin JacksonAtlas of Living Australia
CSIRO
Open Source Developers Conference 2011Canberra, Australia
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Introduction
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
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Introduction
• Standards
• Architecture
• Databases
• Clients
• Geospatial Services
• Data / ALA Demonstration
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Standards
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
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OGC
• WMS – Web mapping service
• WFS – Web feature service
• WCS – Web coverage service
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Projections
• http://xkcd.com/977
• Maps a spherical surface to a 2D plane
• Area
• Shape
• Direction
• Distance/Scale
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Common Projections
• EPSG:4326 (WGS 84) lon/lat (km)
• EPSG:900913 lon/lat (m)
• GDA94/NSW Lambert EPSG:3308 (NSW)
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Formats
• ESRI Shapefile
• WKT
• KML
• GeoJSON/GeoRSS
• Raster (geotiff), ESRI Grid, ASCII Grid
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NetCDF
• Scientific Community
• Multi-Dimensional Spatial Data
– Temporal (time based)– Depth based data
• OpenDAP, THREDDS (NetCDF servers)
• THREDDS supports WMC and WCS services
• Panoply (client)
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Architecture
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
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Spatial Server
• OGC Services (WMS, WFS, WCS)
• CQL
• Styling
• Legend Generation
• On Click Event
• Geoserver Demo
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Thick Clients
• uDig (demo)
• World Wind (NASA)
• Google Earth
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Web Based Clients
• OpenLayers
• Google Maps (+ WMS extension)
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Thick Clients
• uDig
• World Wind (NASA)
• Google Earth
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Spatial Databases
• Capabilities
• PostGIS (demo)
• Commercial Offerings
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Spatial Services
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
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Geotools
• Java API
• Used by Geoserver and uDig
• Excellent workshop presented on Tuesday by Jody Garnett on Tuesday
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OGR – Simple Feature Library
• OGR is used to manipulate and work with vector based data – changing projections, converting to different types, merging shapefiles
• ogrinfo, ogr2ogr
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GDAL
• Geospatial Data Abstraction Library
• Used to manipulate and work with raster spatial data– changing projection, converting to different type, changing grid size
• gdalinfo, gdal_translate, gdalwarp …
• gdal_rasterize – convert a shapefile to a raster
• gdal_polygonize – convert a raster to a shapefile
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Geocoding
• Forward/Reverse
• Google geocoding service
• OSM (nominatim.openstreetmap.org) demo
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Spatial Metadata
• Geonetwork (OGC Client Services for the CSW implementation)
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Putting it all together (demos)
• Not the best practice
• Coding in Perl too multidimensional for a unique maximum
• Coders of Perl too diverse for a unique maximum
• But a best practice
• Suitable for most applications
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Shapefile to web
• Quick demonstration to demonstrate:
• Shapefiles
• uDig
• PostGIS
• Geoserver
• Openlayers
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Use case – spatial.ala.org.au
• Developed by CSIRO in conjunction with a large number of data providers (Government departments, Universities, Museums, Herbaria)
• Spatial portal marries up species occurrence data with environmental layers
• Allows users to specify analysis areas and perform advanced spatial analysis functions
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Example
• Add species
• Add layer
• Add area
• Analysis tools
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Further Reading
• GIS for Web Developers - Adding where to your applications, Scott Davis, The Pragmatic Programmers LLC, 2007
• PostGIS in Action, Regina O. Obe and Leo S. Hsu, Manning, 2011
• Geoserver Tutorial (www.geoserver.org)
• UDig Tutorial (udig.refractions.net)
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URLs Visited During Talk
• http://www.openstreetmap.org/
• http://xkcd.com/977/
• http://www.gadm.org/
• http://www.naturalearthdata.com/
• http://spatial.ala.org.au