NATIONAL CHUNG CHENG UNIVERSITY

INTERNATIONAL EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT

DR. PAO PO LEE

STUDENT:

Dewin R. Justiniano Castillo

Saturday November 26th, 2016

What is ICT?Information and Communication

Technology

“ICT is more than computers and telephony – ICT is embedded in virtually all industrial, commercial, and

services systems”

ICT can be considered to be built on the 4 C’s:

• Computing

• Communications

• Content

• and (the often overlooked) human Capacity.

The recent World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) focused extensively on 3 Cs:

• Communications

• Content

• and capacity building

And less so on computers. In truth, computing and

other hardware continue to become less and less

expensive, especially on a price performance basis.

ICT & DEVELOPMENT

Recognizing that ICTs can, if applied and used appropriately, be development enablers is critical to countries that are moving towards information or

knowledge-based societies, and is central to the IDI’s conceptual framework.

According The InternationalTelecommunication Union:

“The ICT Development Index (IDI) is a composite index that combines 11

indicators into one benchmark measure that can be used to monitor

and compare developments in information and communication

technology (ICT) between countries and over time.”

The main objectives of the IDI are to measure:

The level and evolution over time of ICT developments within countries and the

experience of those countries relative to others;

Progress in ICT development in both developed and developing countries

The digital divide, i.e. differences between countries in terms of their levels of ICT

development; and

The development potential of ICTs and the extent to which

countries can make use of them to enhance growth and

development in the context of available capabilities and skills.

The ICT development process, and a country’s evolution towards becoming an information society are:

Stage 1: ICT readiness –reflecting the level of

networked infrastructure and access to ICTs;

Stage 2: ICT intensity –reflecting the level of use

of ICTs in the society; and

Stage 3: ICT impact –reflecting the

results/outcomes of more efficient and effective ICT use.

Advancing through these stages depends on a combination of three factors:

• The availability of ICT infrastructure• Access, a high level of ICT use.• the capability to use ICTs effectively, derived from relevant skills.

These three dimensions – ICT access, ICT use and ICT skills – therefore form the framework for the IDI.

Top 12 Countries

with the Highest ITC

Development Index

(IDI)

The Philippines

Source: Measuring the Information Society Report (ITU,2015)

VIET NAMSource: Measuring the Information Society Report (ITU,2015)

INDONESIASource: Measuring the Information Society Report (ITU,2015)

BELIZESource: Measuring the Information Society Report (ITU,2015)

HONDURASSource: Measuring the Information Society Report (ITU,2015)

ICT in Education“… High Quality Industry Standard Technologies within reach of teachers

and students.”

Learning Activity 1 It is Time for Critical Thinking!

The Effectiveness of ICTs in Education

ICTs are a potentially powerful toolfor extending educationalopportunities, both formal and non-formal, to previously underservedareas—scattered and ruralpopulations, groups traditionallyexcluded from education due tocultural or social reasons such asethnic minorities, persons withdisabilities, and the elderly, as well asall others who for reasons of cost orbecause of time constraints areunable to enroll on campus.

ICTs have the potential to innovate, accelerate, enrich, and deepen skills, to motivate and engage students.

Moreover, to help relate school experience to work practices, create economic viability for tomorrow's workers, as well as strengthening

teaching and helping schools change.

Teachers and ICT

Many countries now regardunderstanding ICT and mastering thebasic skills and concepts of ICT as part ofthe core of education, alongside reading,writing and numeracy.

However, there appears to be amisconception that ICTs generally refersto computers and computing relatedactivities.

Are we teachers, ready to let the students become collaborative, problem-

solving, creative learners?

What should change in the Classroom?

Benefits for Students

Higher quality lessons through greater collaboration between

teachers in planning and preparing resources.

Development of writing skills (including spelling, grammar, punctuation, editing and re-

drafting), also fluency, originality and elaboration.

Encouragement of independent and active learning, and self-

responsibility for learning.

Flexibility of ‘anytime, anywhere’ access (

Development of higher level learning styles.

Students who used educational technology in school felt more

successful in school, were more motivated to learn and have

increased self-confidence and self-esteem (Jacobsen and

Kremer, 2000)

Students found learning in a technology-enhanced setting

more stimulating and student-centred than in a traditional

classroom

Benefits for teachersICT facilitates sharing of resources, expertise and

advice

Greater flexibility in when and where tasks are carried

out

Gains in ICT literacy skills, confidence and enthusiasm.

Easier planning and preparation of lessons and

designing materials

Access to up-to-date pupil and school data, any time

and anywhere.

Students are generally more ‘on task’ and express

more positive feelings when they use computers than

when they are given other tasks to do.

Computer use during lessons motivated students to continue using learning

outside school hours.

Teachers need to be able to help the students become collaborative, problem-solving, creative learners

Through using ICT so our students will be effective citizens and members of the workforce.

According to Zhao and Cziko (2001) three

conditions are necessary for teachers to introduce ICT into their classrooms:

1. Teachers should believe in the

effectiveness of technology.

2. Teachers should believe that the use of

technology will not cause any disturbances.

3. Teachers should believe that they have

control over technology.

ICT and Student Motivations

ICTs, especially computers and Internet technologies, enable

new ways of teaching and learning rather than simply

allow teachers and students to do what they have done before

in a better way.

ICT has an impact not only on what students should learn, but it also plays a major role on how

the students should learn.

Impact on student Motivation

ICTs motivate teachers and students

Access outside of school affects user confidence

Where to place computers has an impact

Models for successfully integrating ICT use in

school and after school hours are still emerging

The appropriate ages for introducing computers to

students are hotly debated

ICTs can promote learner autonomy

The ‘pilot effect’ can be an important driver for

positive impact.

ICTs allow learners to explore

and discover rather than merely

listen and remember and can

engage and inspire students, and

this has been cited as a factor

influencing ready adaptors of ICT.”

Issues to be addressed when developing ICT in

education

• ICT equipment.

• Learning materials and teaching methodologies.

• teacher competencies.

• Student and Teacher motivation.

• Initial Investment and Funds.

GOAL: To transform learning via ICT,

instead of mere substituting old tools!

Final Learning ActivityIt is Time for some ICT practices & and Computer Skills

https://studio.code.org/users/sign_in

Conclusions

Students using ICT for learning purposesbecome immersed in the process oflearning and as more students interactwith ICT (Reeves&Jonassen,1996), theinfluence of the technology on supportingand enhancing the teaching and learningexperience will increase.

ITC especially computers and Internettechnologies, enable new ways ofteaching and learning rather than simplyallow teachers and students to do whatthey have done before in a better way.

ICT has an impact not only on whatstudents should learn, but also plays amajor roles on how the students shouldlearn, because ICT allows students toexplore and discover rather than merelylisten and remember.

“Technology will not replace teachers, but teachers who use technology will replace does who do not”

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION