an atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element....
TRANSCRIPT
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An atom is the smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element.
Three Parts of Atom
Particle Charge Mass Atomic mass unitsProton +1 1.67x 10-24 g 1 amuNeutron 0 1.67x 10-24 g 1 amuElectron -1 9.11x 10-28 g 0 amu
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Where are they?
• Nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons.• Electrons move around the nucleus.• Mass is concentrated in the nucleus.• 99.97% of the mass is in the nucleus.
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How big are atoms?
• If nucleus is size of a golf ball, the electrons are how far away?
• 1 mile! Lots of empty space• How big are they?• 6.02 x 1023 atoms in 12 grams of carbon.
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How many protons?
• The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.
Look at the periodic table for this.
The number of protons identifies the element.
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How many neutrons?
• The number of neutrons may vary.• An isotope is an atom that has the same number of
protons as other atoms of the same element, but different number of neutrons.
• Same atomic number = same element• Protons + Neutrons = Atomic Mass• Isotopes have different atomic masses, because they
have different number of neutrons.
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HOW MUCH FOR A ROOT BEER?
A NEUTRON WALKED INTO A BAR AND ASKED…
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FOR YOU, BUDDY…
NO CHARGE!
THE BARTENDER SAID
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How many electrons?
• The number of electrons equals the number of protons in a neutral atom
• An ion is a charged atom in which the number of electrons can increase or decrease.
• More electrons than protons, charge is negative
• Fewer electrons than protons, charge is positive
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CARBON
Carbon has • 6 protons 6 amu• 6 neutrons 6 amu• 6 electrons 0 amu
• Total atomic mass = 12 amu
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How do we write this?• Carbon-12• C-12• 12C• 12 6 C0
• The periodic table tells us that carbon has 6 protons.• The mass is 12 amu and equals protons plus
neutrons, so it has 6 neutrons.• It is neutral (has no charge), so it has 6 electrons.
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Isotope of carbon• Carbon-14• C-14• 14C• 14 6 C0
• The periodic table tells us that carbon has 6 protons.• The mass is 14 amu and equals protons plus
neutrons, so it has 8 neutrons.• It is neutral (has no charge), so it has 6 electrons.
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What’s the safe answer
here????
Carbon-14 isotope said to Carbon-12 isotope,“Does these neutrons
make my mass look big?
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Ion of carbon• Carbon-12• C-12• 12C• 12 6 C+4
• The periodic table tells us that carbon has 6 protons.• The mass is 12 amu and equals protons plus
neutrons, so it has 6 neutrons.• It is positive (it lost 4 electrons), so it has only 2
electrons.
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Are you POSITIVE?
OH NO!!! I think LOST an
ELECTRON!!
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A n (- or +)
E Z
E = element symbolZ = atomic number = # protons (identifies element)A = atomic mass = # protons + # neutronsn = charge (+ if fewer electrons than protons) (- if more electrons than protons)
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What is the name of the element that has…
• 5 protons
• 17 protons
• 25 protons
• 82 protons
• 92 protons
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What is the chemical symbol of…
The atom with• 8 protons
• 11 protons
• 9 protons
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How many protons and electrons in atoms of…?
• vanadium?
• nitrogen?
• argon?
• potassium?
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What is the chemical symbol of…
The ion with• 8 protons and 10 electrons
• 11 protons and 10 electrons
• 9 protons and 10 electrons
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Write the chemical symbol for the ion with…
• 12 protons and 10 electrons
• 74 protons and 68 electrons
• 95 protons and 89 electrons
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Write the chemical symbol for the ion with…
• 33 protons and 36 electrons
• 29 protons and 27 electrons
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Write the chemical symbol for the atom with…
• 5 protons and 6 neutrons
• 13 protons and 14 neutrons
• 8 protons and 8 neutrons
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Show 3 ways to write
• The atom with 53 protons and atomic mass 131
How many neutrons are in this isotope?
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How many protons, neutrons , electrons…
59 2+ Ni 28
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How many protons, neutrons , electrons…
91 4+ Zr 40
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How many protons, neutrons , electrons…
140 3+ Ce 58
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How many protons, neutrons , electrons…
79 2- Se 34
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How many protons, neutrons , electrons…
45 3+ Sc 21
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How many protons, neutrons , electrons…
13 4- C 6
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Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with…
84 p125 n80 e
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Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with…
27 p32 n25 e
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Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with…
73 p108 n68 e
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Write the complete chemical symbol for the ion with…
31 p39 n28 e