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AN ANALYSIS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC

APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM

(A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu

Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015)

THESIS

by

Riska Dwi Cahyani

NIM: S891308034

Submitted to Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University

As a partial fulfillment to obtain Graduate Degree of English Education

MAGISTER OF ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

2017

ii

APPROVAL





By:

Riska Dwi Cahyani

NIM. S891308034

This Thesis has been Approved by the Consultants of Graduate Program of

English Education Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of

Sebelas Maret University

Surakarta, January 2017

Consultant I Consultant II

Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed., Ph.D Dra. Diah Kristina,M.A., Ph.D

NIP. 19600918 198702 2 001 NIP.19590505 198601 2 001

Approved By

Head of Magister of English Education

Department of Teacher Training and Education

Faculty of Sebelas Maret University

Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd

NIP. 19621231 198803 1 009

iii

LEGITIMATION





By:

Riska Dwi Cahyani

NIM. S891308034

This thesis has been examined by the board of Thesis Examiners of English

Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret University

on March 2017

The Board of Thesis Examiners: Signatures:

Chairman : Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd

NIP. 19621231 198803 1 009

Secretary : Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd

NIP. 19520307 198003 1 005

Members : 1. Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed., Ph.D

NIP. 19600918 198702 2 001

2. Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D

NIP. 19590505 198601 2 001

Dean of Teacher Training and

Education Faculty

of Sebelas Maret University

Head of English Education

Department of Graduate School of

Sebelas Maret University

Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd

NIP. 19610124 198702 1 001

Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd

NIP. 19621231 198803 1 009

iv

PRONOUNCEMENT

Herewith, I testify that in this thesis entitled “AN ANALYSIS ON THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING

BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM (A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of

SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015)”, there is no

plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain master

degree of a university, nor there are opinions or masterpieces which have been

written or published by others. Anything related to others’ work is written in

quotation, the source is listed on the bibliography.

Hence later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this

pronouncement, hence I will hold fully responsibility and I am ready to accept any

academic punishment, including the withdrawal or cancellation of my academic

degree.

Surakarta, March 2017

Riska Dwi Cahyani

v

ABSTRACT

Riska Dwi Cahyani. 2017. S891308034. AN ANALYSIS ON THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACH IN TEACHING WRITING

BASED ON 2013 CURRICULUM (A Case Study at the Eighth Grade Students of

SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu Karanganyar in Academic Year 2014/2015). Thesis.

Surakarta: English Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas Maret

University. First Supervisor: Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed, Ph.D; Second

Supervisor: Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D.

The objectives of this study are: (1) analyzing the teaching and learning

documents whether they are developed based on 2013 curriculum or not; (2)

analyzing the teaching and learning process whether they are developed based on

the theory of scientific approach or not; (3) describing the difficulties encountered

by the teacher during the implementation of 2013 curriculum in writing class; (4)

describing the strategies identified by English teachers to overcome the problems

during the implementation of 2013 Curriculum in writing class; and (5) describing

the students’ writing achievement particularly in recount text.

The method used in this research was case study which was conducted to

eighth grade students at SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu from April to June 2015. The

research data were collected by using the techniques of observation, interview,

and collecting document analysis, in the form of lesson plan, syllabus, book, exam

sheet, students’ score, and teachers’ questionnaire result,and so on.

The results of this study are: (1) teaching and learning documents

including lesson plan, materials, and students’ assessments are developed based

on 2013 Curriculum and syllabus is composed by syllabus set by government; (2)

teaching and learning process of writing are developed based on theory of

scientific approach, but not all steps are done in the lesson; (3) the difficulties

found are: creating teaching and learning documents especially in creating lesson

plan; difficulting in implementing scientific approach, especially in questioning

and communicating step; implementing a truly pure students’ centered learning;

using the WERB book because it does not supply enough material; teaching

writing; and difficulty in students’ assessment format; (4) strategies identified by

English teachers to overcome the problems are:coordinating with other school

teachers related to difficulties in creating teaching and learning documents;

finding information related to implementation of 2013 Curriculum in internet or

other media; requiring workshop and training related to implementation of 2013

Curriculum; and creating module in the form of handout as the suplementary

book;and (5) students’ achievement on writing shows that 95.08% of 61 students

have scores which are above the passing grade determined by the school, which is

76. From the findings of the research above, it can be concluded that teachers

composed the teaching and learning documents and the teaching and learning

process are developed based on theory of scientific approach. But, there are still

many difficulties in implementation of 2013 Curriculum and it needs strategies to

overcome it.

Keywords: Scientific Approach, 2013 Curriculum, writing, junior high school

vi

MOTTO

“Learn from the past, live for today, and plan for tomorrow”

(Riska Dwi Cahyani)

vii

DEDICATION

This thesis is especially dedicated to:

My beloved father, mother and mother in law for their

never ending love, patience, care, and support.

My beloved husband who always loves, cares, and

supports me to finish the study.

My beloved son who lived on the heaven. Although we

live in different world, you are always in my heart.

My brother and my sister in law who have supported me

to finish the study, and their twin sons, who have

entertained me while I have stucked in writing the thesis.

viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The writer sincerely thanks to Allah, the Almighty, the most Beneficial and

the most Merciful for this blessing and the strength for completion of this thesis.

In completing this thesis, there are many people who helped the researcher in

writing this research. Thus, the writer would like to express her gratitude and

apreciation to the following:

1. Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University, Prof. Dr. Joko Nurkamto, M.Pd.

2. Head of English Education Department of Graduate School of Sebelas

Maret University, Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd.

3. The first consultant, Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M.Ed, Ph.D. and the

second consultant, Dra. Diah Kristina, M.A., Ph.D., thanks for the advice,

guidance, patience in accomplishing this thesis.

4. The Principal of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu, Drs. Suparto, S.H, M.Pd, thanks

for the permisson to conduct the research.

5. The English teachers of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu, Dra. Rusmini and

Saminah, S.Pd who have given permission and facilitated the writer to

collect data in SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu.

6. The students of VIII B and VIII H of SMP Negeri 3 Colomadu.

7. All my friends who can not be mentioned one by one, thanks for coloring

my life.

The writer realizes that this research and data collected are far from being

perfect. Every comment and suggestion are welcomed. Hopefully, this thesis will

be useful for the readers.

Surakarta, March 2017

Riska Dwi Cahyani

ix

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER ............................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL ...................................................................................................... ii

LEGITIMATION ............................................................................................. iii

PRONOUNCEMENT ...................................................................................... iv

ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... v

MOTTO ............................................................................................................ vi

DEDICATION ................................................................................................. vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................. viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................. ix

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ........................................................................ xii

LIST OF TABLES ......................................................................................... xiii

LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................... xiv

LIST OF APPENDICES ................................................................................ xv

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .................................................................... 1

A. Background of the Study ....................................................... 1

B. Problem Statements ............................................................. 10

C. Objectives of the Study ....................................................... 11

D. Significance of the Study ................................................... 12

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ...................................................... 13

A. 2013 Curriculum ................................................................... 13

1. Definition of 2013 Curriculum .......................................... 13

2. The Reasons of Developing 2013 Curriculum ............... 15

3. The Elements of Change of 2013 Curriculum ................ 20

4. The Characteristics of 2013 Curriculum......................... 22

5. Learning Process .. .......................................................... 23

6. The Principles of Developing 2013 Curriculum ............. 25

B. Approach in 2013 Curriculum ............................................. 27

1. Scientific Approach in 2013 Curriculum ........................ 27

2. Types of Learning Models .............................................. 34

a. Project- Based Learning ............................................ 34

b. Problem- Based Learning ......................................... 37

c. Discovery Learning ................................................... 42

C. Writing ................................................................................. 47

1. Definition of Writing ...................................................... 47

2. The Purpose of Writing .................................................. 49

x

3. The Process of Writing ................................................... 49

4. Criteria of Good Writing ................................................ 50

5. The Problems of Writing ................................................ 51

6. Teaching Writing of English .......................................... 52

7. Macro and Micro Skill of Writing .................................. 53

8. Components of Writing .................................................. 54

9. Roles of the Teacher to Respond to Students’ Writing .. 55

D. Writing in 2013 Curriculum ................................................ 57

1. Scientific Approach in English Learning ....................... 57

2. Syllabus of 2013 Curriculum .......................................... 60

3. Lesson Plan of 2013 Curriculum .................................... 60

4. Materials of 2013 Curriculum ........................................ 61

5. Assessment of 2013 Curriculum ..................................... 62

E. Review of Related Research ................................................ 65

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................ 74

A. Research Method ................................................................. 74

1. Qualitative Research ....................................................... 74

2. Case Study............................................................. ......... 77

a. The Characteristic of Case Study ............................... 77

b. The Purpose of Case Study ........................................ 78

c. Types of Case Study .................................................. 81

d. Case Study Methods .................................................. 81

e. Source of Information Used in a Case Study ............. 78

f. Procedures Commonly Used in Case Study .............. 83

B. Setting .................................................................................. 84

1. Research Location ......................................................... 84

2. Time of Research ............................................................ 85

3. Subject of the Research ................................................. 86

C. Source of Data ..................................................................... 87

D. The Techniques of Collecting Data ..................................... 88

E. Trustworthiness ................................................................... 89

F. The Techniques of Data Analysis ....................................... 91

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION .................... 94

A. Introduction .......................................................................... 94

B. Research Findings ............................................................... 95

1. Teaching and Learning Documents ................................ 96

a. Syllabus ..................................................................... 97

b. Lesson Plan ............................................................. 100

c. The kinds of Teaching Materials ............................ 104

d. Types and Components of Students’ Assessment .. 107

2. Teaching and Learning process of Writing .................. 108

a. Teaching and Learning process Lead by Teacher R 109

b. Teaching and Learning process Lead by Teacher S 116

3. The difficulties are encountered by the Teacher........... 124

xi

a. Planning of Learning ............................................... 125

b. Implementation f Learning ...................................... 129

c. Evaluation of Learning ............................................... 139

4. Strategies to Overcome the Problems .......................... 140

5. Students’ Writing Achievement Particularly in Recount

............................................................................. ......... 143

C. Discussion ........................................................................ 145

D. Research Weaknesses ........................................................ 159

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION .. 160

A. Conclusion ......................................................................... 160

B. Implication ......................................................................... 163

C. Suggestion ......................................................................... 165

BIBLIOGRAPHY .......................................................................................... 167

APPENDICES ................................................................................................ 171

xii

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

BSNP : Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan

JP : Jam Pertemuan

KBK : Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi

KD : Kompetensi Dasar

KI : Kompetensi Inti

KTSP : Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan

K13 : Kurikulum 2013

MGMP : Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran

OSIS : Organisasi Siswa Intra Sekolah

PBL : Problem Based Learning

PIRLS : Progress in International Reading Litearcy Study

PISA : Program for International Student Assessment

PjBL : Project Based Learning

PMR : Palang Merah Remaja

PTK : Pendidik dan Tenaga Kependidikan

SBC : School based Curriculum

SI : Standar Isi

SKL : Standar Kompetensi Lulusan

SMAK : Sekolah Menengah Atas Kejuruan

SMP : Sekolah Menengah Pertama

SSN : Sekolah Standar Nasional

TEFLIN : Teachers of English as a Foreign Languange in Indonesia

TIMSS : Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study

UKS : Usaha Kesehatan Sekolah

UNJ : Universitas Negeri Jakarta

WERB : When English Rings the Bell

xiii

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1 The Schedule of the Research ........................................................... 85

Table 4.1 Issues Arising based on the Research Findings .................................... 95

Table 4.2 Basic Competence Used by Teachers Taken from Syllabus................. 99

Table 4.3 Basic Competence and Indicators Used by Teachers Taken from

Lesson Plan ......................................................................................... 101

Table 4.4 Students’ Writing Achievement in Teacher R’s Class..................... 144

Table 4.5 Students’ Writing Achievement in Teacher S’s Class ..................... 144

Table 4.6 Writing Rubric ................................................................................. 149

Table 4.7 The Scoring Scale in 2013 Curriculum ............................................... 158

xiv

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 3.1 Interactive Model of Data Analysis .................................................. 93

xv

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1. Blueprint of Data Collection ....................................................... 171

Appendix 2. Instruments .................................................................................. 174

Appendix 3. Teaching Field Notes................................................................... 186

Appendix 4. Interview Transcripts ................................................................... 231

Appendix 5. Questionnaire Transcripts ........................................................... 289

Appendix 6. Teaching-Learning Documents ................................................... 297

Appendix 7. Photographs ................................................................................. 345

Appendix 8. Research Schedule ....................................................................... 348

Appendix 9. List of Students’ Name ................................................................ 350

Appendix 10. Scoring Rubric of Writing ......................................................... 352

Appendix 11. When English Rings a Bell Book .............................................. 354

Appendix 12. Students’ Writing Work ............................................................ 372

Appendix 13. Legalizations ............................................................................. 395