an analysis of parataxis and hypotaxis in the political articlesof...
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AN ANALYSIS OF PARATAXIS AND HYPOTAXIS
IN THE POLITICAL ARTICLESOF THE JAKARTA POST
IN SEPTEMBER 2012 EDITION
By:
RITA PUSPITASARI WIDIASTUTI
NIM 200932158
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY
2013
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AN ANALYSIS OF PARATAXIS AND HYPOTAXIS IN THE POLITICAL
ARTICLESOF THE JAKARTA POST IN SEPTEMBER 2012 EDITION
SKRIPSI
Presented to the University of Muria Kudus
in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Completing the Sarjana Program
in the Department of English Education
By:
RITA PUSPITASARI WIDIASTUTI
NIM 200932158
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARMENT
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
MURIA KUDUS UNIVESITY
2013
MOTTTO AND DEDICATION
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MOTTO
Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind.
“Real success is determined by two factors. The first is faith and second is
action”.(Albert Einstein)
DEDICATION
This skripsi is dedicated to:
My beloved father and mother.
My beloved sister and brothers.
My beloved boyfriend.
My beloved friend.
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In the name of Allah, the most gracious and the most merciful, in this
occasion, I like to express gratitude to the God, Allah S. W. T, who has given
mercies and blessing so I can accomplish this skripsi entitled An Analysis of
Parataxis and Hypotaxis in the Political Articles of the Jakarta Post in September
2012 Edition. During compilation of this skripsi, many people have earned my
gratitude for helping this skripsi. I would like offer particular thanks for the
following contribution.They are:
1. Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd as the dean of Teacher Training and Education
Faculty of Muria Kudus University.
2. Diah Kurniati, S. Pd, M.Pd, as the head of English Education Department of
Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Muria Kudus University
3. Rismiyanto, S. S, M. Pd as second advisor who has given spirit, instruction,
wise tuition, accurate and an existing impression till thi skripsi can be
accomplished.
4. The entire lecturers of English Education Department, Teacher Training and
Education Faculty who have been supplying a wide knowledge and giving
motivation so the writer can finish this skripsi.
5. My parents whoalways support and pray the success, give material and
spiritual aid and lots of motivation.
6. My sister and my brother who always be a motivation to complete this
skripsi.
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7. My boyfriend, Tomy who always accompanies and supports me.
8. All my best friends who always support the accomplishment of the skripsi.
9. All people who gave aid support for accomplishment of this skripsi.
Kudus, July 2013
Rita Puspitasari Widiastuti
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ABSTRACT
Widiastuti, Rita Puspitasari. 2013. An Analysis of Parataxis and Hypotaxis in the
Political Articlesof the Jakarta Post in September 2012
Edition.Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and
Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University. Advisors:(I) Dr. Drs.
Slamet Utomo, M. Pd, (II) Rismiyanto S.S, M.Pd.
Key words: Parataxis, hypotaxis, political articles, the Jakarta Post
Language has so many interelationships with various aspects of human
life. According to Halliday language is divided into written and spoken. In written
language is more difficult than spooken one, so the autor have to pay attention
with grammar to produce a text. A text consists of clauses. Based on whether the
clause can stand alone or not, it is divided into dependent and independent clause.
Meanwhile, we can call parataxis and hypotaxis base on the system of
interdepency or taxis.Study about paratxis and hypotaxis, it is still confusing for
the students of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Muria Kudus University.
To solve this problem, the teacher should use media. There are a lot of media in
our environment. One of them is newspaper. A newspaper consists of many
sentences and clauses which are parataxis and hypotaxis. The english newspaper
in Indonesia is the Jakarta Post. The Jakarta Post has a lot of news.The political
articles to be analyzed because the political articles of the Jakarta Post there are
clause complex which can be analyzed. And the political articles has some clause
that difficult to be understood and there are clauses that compose clause complex,
whether it is parataxis or hypotaxis.
The objective of the Research is to find out the parataxis and hypotaxis
realized in the political article of the Jakarta Post in September 2012 edition.
This is a qualitative descriptive research. The data of this reseach is
parataxis and hypotaxis which are realized in the political article of Jakarta Post in
September 2012 edition. And the data source is the political articles of the Jakarta
Post in September 2012 edition.
In the findings of the research, the analysis shows that the five political
articles of the Jakarta Post in September 2012 dominantly use hypotaxis
constructions. In the first political articles there are 10 parataxis and 17 hypotaxis.
In the second poliical articles there are 8 parataxis and 18 hypotaxis. In the third
poliical articles there are 9 parataxis and 19 hypotaxis. In the fourth poliical
articles there are 2 parataxis and 10 hypotaxis. And In the fifth poliical articles
there are 13 parataxis and 15 hypotaxis.
Based on the finding of the reseacher, I can indicate thatthe writers of the
Jakarta Post want to present their argumants as sub ordinate by hypotatically
constructing the text which they have good English competence. And it shares
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more information in densed sentence. But then, we should realize and avoid to
think that hypotaxis is better that parataxis conversely. They just express their idea
as equal statusto make easier to the beginer English learners and to express the
idea in simple sentence. So there is a good chance in employing parataxis and
hypotaxis in text to give valuable contribution to the English learnersto improve
their idea in English effectively. This research can be usefull for the students to
increase their knowledge about parataxis and hypotaxis. And for the lecturers can
use the Jakarta Post as a source or reference in giving materials for the students.
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ABSTRAK
Widiastuti, Rita Puspitasari. 2013.Analisis Parataxis dan Hypotaxis dalam Artikel
Politik di Jakarta Post pada Bulan September Edisi
2012.Skripsi.Program StudiPendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas
Keguruan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus.Pembimbing:(i)
Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M. Pd. (ii) Rismiyanto S.S, M.Pd.
Kata-kata kunci:Parataxis, hypotaxis, artikel politik, Jakarta Post
Bahasa memiliki banyak hubungan dengan berbagai aspek kehidupan
manusia. Menurut Halliday bahasa dibagi menjadi lisan dan tulisan. Dalam bahasa
tulis lebih sulit daripada lisan, sehingga penulis harus memperhatikan tata bahasa
untuk menghasilkan teks. Sebuah teks terdiri dari klausa. Berdasarkan pada,
apakah klausa dapat berdiri sendiri atau tidak, dibagi menjadi klausa berdiri
sendiri dan kalusa yang bergantung. Sementara itu, kita dapat menyebutnya
parataxis dan hypotaxis berdasarkan pada sistem interdepency atau taxsi.
Pembelajaran tentang paratxis dan hypotaxis, masih membingungkan bagi
mahasiswa Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan, Universitas Muria Kudus.
Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, guru harus menggunakan media. Ada banyak media
di sekitar kita. Salah satunya adalah surat kabar. Sebuah surat kabar terdiri dari
banyak kalimat dan klausa yang terdiri dari parataxis dan hypotaxis. Surat kabar
bebahasa Inggris di Indonesia adalah Jakarta Post. Jakarta Post memiliki banyak
berita. Artikel politik dianalisis karena artikel politik Jakarta Post terdapat klausa
kompleks yang dapat dianalisis. Dan artikel politik memiliki beberapa klausa yang
sulit dipahami dan ada klausa yang membentuk klausa kompleks, apakah itu
parataxis atau hypotatis.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui parataxis dan
hypotaxis direalisasikan dalam artikel politik di Jakarta Post edisi September
2012.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dari
penelitian ini adalah parataxis dan hypotaxis yang diwujudkan dalam artikel
politik Jakarta Post pada September 2012 edisi. Dan sumber data adalah artikel
politik di Jakarta Post edisi September 2012.
Dalam penemuan penelitian, analisis menunjukkan bahwa lima artikel
politik Jakarta Post pada September 2012 dominan menggunakan konstruksi
hypotaxis. Dalam artikel politik pertama ada 10 parataxis dan 17 hypotaxis.
Dalam artikel poliical kedua ada 8 parataxis dan 18 hypotaxis. Dalam artikel
poliical ketiga ada 9 parataxis dan 19 hypotaxis. Dalam artikel poliical keempat
ada 2 parataxis dan 10 hypotaxis. Dan Dalam artikel poliical kelima ada 13
parataxis dan 15 hypotaxis.
Berdasarkan penemuan penelitian, saya bisa menyimpulkan bahwa para
penulis Jakarta Post ingin menyajikan argumants mereka secara sub ordinat
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hypotatically dalam membuat teks, mereka memiliki kompetensi bahasa Inggris
yang baik karena mereka tidak memiliki kesulitan dalam mewujudkan ide-ide ke
dalam tulisan dan menggunakan berbagai gaya membangun parataxis dan
hypotaxis. Dan saham informasi lebih lanjut dalam kalimat densed. Tapi
kemudian, kita harus menyadari dan menghindari untuk berpikir hypotaxis yang
lebih baik yang parataxis sebaliknya. Mereka hanya mengekspresikan ide mereka
sebagai status yang sama untuk memudahkan untuk beginer Inggris peserta didik
dan untuk mengekspresikan ide dalam kalimat sederhana. Jadi ada kesempatan
baik dalam mempekerjakan parataxis dan hypotaxis dalam teks untuk memberikan
kontribusi yang berharga bagi pelajar bahasa Inggris untuk meningkatkan ide
mereka dalam bahasa Inggris secara efektif. Penelitian ini dapat berguna bagi para
siswa untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka tentang parataxis dan hypotaxis.
Dan untuk para dosen dapat menggunakan Jakarta Post sebagai sumber atau acuan
dalam memberikan materi bagi siswa.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ............................................................................................................... i
LOGO ................................................................................................................. ii
TITLE ................................................................................................................. iii
MOTTO AND DEDICATION ......................................................................... iv
ADVISORS’ APPROVAL ................................................................................ v
EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL ............................................................................ vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................. vii
ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... ix
ABSTRAKS ....................................................................................................... xi
TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................ xiii
LIST OF TABLESxvii
LIST OF APPENDICES ........................................................................ xviii
LIST OF SYMBOLS ...................................................................................... xix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Research ...........................................................................1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ................................................................................. 4
1.3 objective of the Research ..................................................................................4
1.4 Significance of the Research ............................................................................ 4
1.5Scope of the Research .......................................................................................5
1.6 Operational Definition ................................................................................... 5
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Discourse ......................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Grammar .......................................................................................................... 8
2.2.1 Traditional Grammar ................................................................................... 8
2.2.2 Formal Grammar ...........................................................................................8
2.2.3 Functional Grammar ..................................................................................... 8
2.3 Rank Scale ........................................................................................................ 9
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2.3.1 Clause Complex........................................................................................ 10
2.3.2 Clause ....................................................................................................... 10
2.3.3 Group/ Phrase .......................................................................................... 11
2.3.4 Word .........................................................................................................11
2.3.5 Morpheme ................................................................................................. 11
2.4 Type of Relation between Clauses ............................................................... 12
2.5 Conjunction ................................................................................................... 18
2.6 Text and Taxis ............................................................................................... 19
2.7 Political Issue as Editorial Article .................................................................. 20
2.8 Review of Previous Research ......................................................................... 21
2.9Theoretical Framework ...................................................................................22
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 Design of the Research ................................................................................. 24
3.2.Dataand Data Source .................................................................................... 25
3.3 Data Collection ............................................................................................ 25
3.4. Data Analysis ............................................................................................. 26
CHAPTER IVFINDING OF THE RESEARCH
4.1 Parataxis andHypotaxis in Political Articles of the Jakarta Post in September
2012 Edition ..................................................................................................30
4.1.1The First Article “Political parties ignore requests for financial reports” .. 30
4.1.2 The Second Article “Ministry thumbs nose at KPK ................................ 35
4.1.3 The Third Article“Jakartans want change, but is Jokowi the man for the
job?” ........................................................................................................ 40
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4.1.4 The Fourth Article“KPK gives stay-away cops 12-hour grilling” .......... 44
4.1.5 The Fifth Article “Experts predict Jokowi to face challenges from Council,
citizens” ....................................................................................................... 46
CHAPTERV DISCUSSION OF THE RESEARCH
5.1 Parataxis and Hypotaxis in the Political Articles of the Jakarta Post in
September 2012 Edition ............................................................................. 55
CHAPTER VICONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
6.1 Conclusion ..................................................................................................... 73
6.2 Suggestion ..................................................................................................... 74
REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 76
APPENDICES .................................................................................................... 78
STATEMENT ................................................................................................... .9 3
CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................................... 94
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LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
2.4 Three Types of Relationship ............................................... 16
4.1 The Frist Article “Political parties ignore requests for financial
reports” ..............................................................
31
4.2 The Second Article “Ministry thumbs nose at KPK” ............. 36
4.3 The Third Article “Jakartans want change, but is Jokowi the man
for the job?” .............................................................
40
4.4 The Fourth Article “KPK gives stay-away cops 12-hour grilling”
...........................................................................
44
4.5 The Fifth Article “Experts predict Jokowi to face challenges from
Council, citizens” .........................................................
47
4.6 The result of parataxis and hypotaxis in the politicaal articles of the
Jakarta Post in September 2012 Edition ......................
50
4.7 The amount of parataxis and hypotaxis in the politicaal articles of
the Jakarta Post in September 2012 Edition ..........
52
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix Page
1. Political Articles of the Jakarta Post 2012 Edition..................... 89
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LIST OF SYMBOLS
Notations Meaning
Cat : Category
LSR : Logico-Semantic Relation
P : Parataxis (1, 2, 3, and so on)
H : Hypotaxis (α, β, γ, and so on)
E : Expansion
El : Elaboration (=)
Ex : Extension (+)
En : Enhancement (x)
Pr : Projection
L : Locution (“)
I : Idea („)
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