an analysis of moral values depicted by...
TRANSCRIPT
ii
AN ANALYSIS OF MORAL VALUES DEPICTED BY HESTER
PRYNNE IN THE NOVEL “THE SCARLET LETTER”
BY NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE
THESIS
By:
WILDA NURHAYATUN
201210100311139
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2016
ii
AN ANALYSIS OF MORAL VALUES DEPICTED BY HESTER
PRYNNE IN THE NOVEL “THE SCARLET LETTER”
BY NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve
Sarjana Degree in English Education.
By:
WILDA NURHAYATUN
201210100311139
ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
2016
iii
iv
v
MOTTOS
“Do the things that you think you cannot do”
-Wilda Nurhayatun-
“Whatever blessings you enjoy are from Allah, and when touched by distress, He
is the One to Whom you cry for help”
-An Nahl 53-
“Always be a fist-rate version of yourself, instead of a second rate-version of
somebody else”
-Judy Garland-
DEDICATIONS
This thesis is full-heartedly dedicated to:
- My graceful mother
- My heroic father
- My adorable brother
- My special one
vi
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, all praise is to be Allah SWT, the God Almighty, the
Creator and Incomparable for His everlasting blessings and guidance along the
process of accomplishing this thesis. Moreover, blessing be on Muhammad SAW
who brings us out of the darkness.
Afterward, I would like to express my deepest gratefulness to my first
advisor, Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M.Hum and my second advisor, Dr. Sri
Hartiningsih, M.M for their patience in providing the valuable guidance, nicely
advices, helpful corrections and supports in guiding me to finish this thesis.
Moreover, my most gratefulness and appreciation are expressed to my one and
only precious mother in the world, Siti Nurainun for loving, supporting, guiding
and taking care of me as the single parent since 10 years ago. Further, my
sincerely gratefulness goes to my beloved father, Suharto M. (Alm.) for his very
softly affections and everlasting supports in my life. Besides, the next appreciation
is addressed to my lovely brother, Muhammad Fikriansyah, for taking care of me
and providing me some helpful advices as his sister. Furthermore, I would like to
express my gratefulness to my special one, Dwicky Fandi Setyabudi, S.Pd for
giving his very nice attention in accompanies and providing me valuable advices,
new experiences and eternal spirit.
Moreover, my full-hearted gratitude and sincere are expressed to my
friends, Selvia Asintia, Anik Hidayati, Akhyar Anadiansyah, Mawarita Rasyid,
Heni Siti Tasima, Nanda Tri Ayuni, Jihad Fisabilillah, Putri Laili Indriani,
Muhammad Rizky and Shilfi Safitri who always helping and giving their
powerful spirit for me. In addition, the appreciation also goes to my boarding
house matte, Novita Riyani, Silvia Damayanti, Feby Nur Fitriana, Aneike,
Mustika Saraini, for helping, sharing the experiences and being such a new family
for me.
Malang,
Wilda Nurhayatun.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS
COVER ............................................................................................................... i
APPROVAL ......................................................................................................... iii
MOTTOS AND DEDICATIONS ......................................................................... v
STATEMENT OF WORK’S ORIGINALITY .................................................. vi
ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ............................................................................... viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... ix
LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................... xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study ....................................................................... 1
1.2 Statements of the Problem..................................................................... 4
1.3 Objectives of the Study ......................................................................... 5
1.4 Scope and Limitation ............................................................................. 5
1.5 Significance of the Study ...................................................................... 5
1.6 Definition of the Key Terms ................................................................. 6
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Literature ............................................................................................... 7
2.2 Novel ..................................................................................................... 9
2.2.1 Kinds of Novel ........................................................................... 10
2.2.2 Elements of Novel ...................................................................... 12
2.3 Moral ................................................................................................... 14
2.4 Values .................................................................................................. 15
2.5 Moral Values ....................................................................................... 16
2.5.1 Kinds of Moral Values ............................................................... 17
2.5.2 Bravery ....................................................................................... 17
2.5.3 Humbleness ................................................................................ 19
2.5.4 Honesty....................................................................................... 19
2.5.5 Steadfastness .............................................................................. 19
2.5.6 Love and Affection..................................................................... 20
x
2.5.7 Responsibility ............................................................................. 21
2.5.8 Cooperativeness ......................................................................... 21
2.5.9 Thankfulness .............................................................................. 22
2.5.10 Kind-hearted ............................................................................. 22
2.5.11 Trustworthiness ........................................................................ 23
2.6 The Scarlet Letter Novel by Nathaniel Hawthorne ............................. 23
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research Design .................................................................................. 25
3.2 Approach ............................................................................................. 26
3.2.1 Mimetic Approach ..................................................................... 26
3.2.2 Pragmatic Approach .................................................................. 26
3.2.3 Expressive Approach.................................................................. 26
3.2.4 Objective Approach.................................................................... 26
3.3 Research Object................................................................................... 27
3.4 Data Collection .................................................................................... 27
3.5 Data Analysis ...................................................................................... 28
CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
4.1 Research Findings ............................................................................... 29
4.1.1 Moral Values Depicted by Hester Prynne in the Novel “The
Scarlet Letter .............................................................................. 29
4.1.1.1 Bravery ........................................................................ 29
4.1.1.2 Honesty ........................................................................ 31
4.1.1.3 Love and Affection ...................................................... 33
4.1.1.4 Responsibility .............................................................. 34
4.1.1.5 Kind-hearted .................................................................. 35
4.1.2 The Ways Hester Prynne Behaves the Moral Values in the Novel
“The Scarlet Letter ..................................................................... 36
4.1.2.1 Firmly Arguing .............................................................. 36
4.1.2.2 Wisely Advising ............................................................ 38
4.2 Discussion ............................................................................................ 40
xi
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS
5.1 Conclusion ........................................................................................... 42
5. 2 Suggestions .......................................................................................... 42
REFERENCES ..................................................................................................... 44
APPENDICES ...................................................................................................... 47
xii
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1 The Biography of Nathaniel Hawthorne ............................................ 47
Appendix 2 The Synopsis of the Novel The Scarlet Letter ................................... 49
xiii
REFERENCES
Abrams, M. H. 1999. A Glossary of Literary Terms (7th
ed.). Boston: Earl
McPeek.
Ary, Donald et. al. 2010. Introduction to Research in Education (8th
ed.).
Belmont: Wadsworth.
Bowker, R. R. 2005. About Romance Genre from Romance Writers of America
(Online). Available at: http://www.rjeffers.com/romancegenre.pdf,
accessed on January 2016.
Chancellor, Joseph & Lyubomirsky, Sonja. 2013. Humble Beginnings: Current
Trends, State Perspectives, and Hallmarks of Humility. Social and
Personality Psychology Compass(Online). Volume 7, Number 11.
Available at: http://www.sonjalyubomirsky.com/files/2012/09/chancellor-
lyubomirsky-in-press.pdf, accessed on April 2016.
Channer, Gwen. 2010. Honesty - 4 Levels At Which To Be Honest (Online).
Available at: http://hubpages.com/health/Honesty-4-Levels-At-Which-To-
Be-Honest, accessed on March 2016.
Driskell, Robert. 2013. Different Types of Love From The Bible: A Christian
Study(Online). Available at:
http://www.whatchristianswanttoknow.com/different-types-of-love-from-
the-bible-a-christian-study/, accessed on April 2016.
Fehr, Beverley & Russel, James, A. 1991. The Concept of Love Viewed From a
Prototype Perspective. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
(Online), Volume 60, Number 3. Available at:
https://www2.bc.edu/~russeljm/publications/the_concept_of_love.pdf, accessed on March 2016.
Ferguson, Gaylon. 2011. Natural Bravery (Online). Availabe at:
http://tricycle.org/dharmatalks/natural-bravery-0/, accessed on April 2016.
George, Ime N. & Uyanga, Unwanaobong D. 2014. Youth and Moral Values in a
Changing Society. IOSR Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSR-
JHSS)(Online). Voulme 19, Number 1. Available at:
http://www.iosjournals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/vol19-issue/version-
1/G019614044.pdf, accessed on October 2015.
Goodyer, Meigan Gates. 2008. Literary Theory, the Novel and Science Media
(Online). Available at:
http://www.scholarworks.montana.edu/xmlui/itstream/handle/1/351/Good
yerM0508.pdf, accessed on September 2015.
44
xiv
Hamdi, Zaynab. 2015. On the Path of Allah: Tips to Remain Steadfast
(Online).Available at: http://www.productivemuslim.com/tips-to-remain-
steadfast/, accessed on April 2016.
Indarwati, Lilik. 2005. An Analysis of Hester Prynne’s Personality Aspect in Nathaniel
Hawthorne’s Novel “The Scarlet Letter”. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: The
Undergraduate Programme of University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Jarrar, Amani. 2013. Moral Education in Terms of Graduate University Students’
Perspective: a Jordanian Sample. International Education Studies(Online).
Volume 6, Number 2. Available at:
http://www.csenet.org/Home/Vol6/Jarrar.pdf, accessed on October 2015.
Koesnosoebroto, Sunaryono Basuki. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta:
Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan.
Konstan, D. 2008. Aristotle on Love and Friendship (Online), Volume 2, Number
2. Available at: www.nsu.ru/classics/schole/2/2-2-konstan.pdf, accessedon April 2016.
Kothari, C. R. 2004. Research Methodology Methods and Techniques (2nd
Revised Ed.). New Delhi: New Age International.
Mayerson, Matthew Schneider. 2010. Popular Fiction Studies: The Advantages of
a New Field(Online), Volume 33, Number 1, page 21. Available at:
http://www.jstor.org/stable/23416317.pdf, accessed on January 2016.
Naagarazan, R. S. 2006. A Textbook on Professional Ethics and Human Values.
New Delhi : New Age International.
Nahar, Yaumun et. al. 2009. Engineering Values: An Approach to Explore Values
in Education and Practice(Online). Available at:
http://www.rees2009.pbworks.com/f/rees2009_submission_3.pdf,
accessed on November 2015.
Nisak, Ngainun. 2014. The Role of the Main Character’s Psychological Conflicts
to the Theme seen in Ahmad Fuadi’s “The Land of Five Towers”.
Unpublished Thesis. Tulungagung: The Undergraduate Programme of
State Islamic Institute Tulungagung.
Norkam Secondary School. 2012. Types of Responsibility (Online). Available at:
http://nkss.sd73.bc.ca/mod/page/view.php?id=3629, accessedon April
2016.
Prohászková, Viktória. 2012. The Genre of Horror. American International
Journal of Contemporary Research (Online). Volume 2, Number 4.
Availabe at:
http://www.aijcrnet.com/journals/Vol_2_No_4_April_2012/16.pdf,
accessed on January 2016.
45
xv
Setyowati, Desi. 2015. An Analysis of Moral Value in The Lorax Movie by Chris
Renaud. Unpublished Thesis. Malang: The Undergraduate Programme of
University of Muhammadiyah Malang.
Sharifi, Muhammad Mahdi et. al. 2013. Towards a Reappraisal of Literary
Competence within the Confines of ESL/EFL Classroom. International
Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Research (Online), Volume 2,
page 43. Available at:
http://www.jfl.iaun.ac.ir/article_10581_676f5f5b313b4fac7459a6dd89f0cd
f6.pdf, accessed on October 2015.
Singh, Yogesh Kumar. 2006. Fundamental of Research Methodology and
Statistics. New Delhi: New Age International.
Via Institute Character. 2016. Virtue Category (Online). Available at:
http://www.viacharacter.org/www/Character-Strengths/Bravery, accessed
on March 2016.
Wardaugh, Ronald. 2006. Intoduction to Sociolinguistic. Malden, Oxford, &
Victoria: Blackwell.
Whiskers, Lion’s. 2011. The Six Types of Courage (Online). Available at:
http://www.lionswhiskers.com/p/six-types-of-courage, accessed on March
2016.
Winter, Lisa. 2015. Try These 20 Easy Ways to Show Gratitude (Online).
Available at: http://www.aplus.com/a/20-ways-to-show-gratitude-in-your-
life, accessed on April 2016.
46