iii

AN ANALYSIS OF COMMUNICATION USED BY HELEN

KELLER AS A DEAF BLIND WOMAN ON GEORGE SULLIVAN

NOVEL “HELEN KELLER”

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

in Ethis TTTnglish Education

Written By:

NURUL FADHILAH

08360205

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2013

iv

AN ANALYSIS OF COMMUNICATION USED BY HELEN

KELLER AS A DEAF BLIND WOMAN ON GEORGE SULLIVAN

NOVEL “HELEN KELLER”

THESIS

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Education

This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve

in Ethis TTTnglish Education

Written By:

NURUL FADHILAH

08360205

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG

2013

v

This thesis written by Nurul Fadhilah approved on May 2, 2013.

By

Advisor II, Advisor I,

Dra. Thathit Manon A, M.Hum Iswahyuni, M.P

vi

This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of Faculty of Teacher

Training and Education of University of Muhammadiyah Malang

and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve

Sarjana Degree in English Education

on May 2, 2013

Approved by:

Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

University of Muhammadiyah Malang

Dean,

Dr. M. Syaifuddin, M.M.

Examiners: Signatures:

1. Dr. Hartono, M.Pd 1. ……………….

2. Dr. Sri Hartiningsih, M.M 2. ……………….

3. Iswahyuni, M.Pd 3. ……………….

4. Dra. Thathit Manon A, M.Hum 4. ……………….

vii

ACKNOWLADGEMENTS

Alhamdulillah, praise be to Allah SWT, the main source of strength who

always gives the writer strength and patience to finish this thesis. Shalawat and

greetings may always be upon the holy prophet Muhammad SAW.

The writer would like to express her highest gratitude to her thesis advisor,

Mrs. Iswahyuni, M.Pd and Mrs. Thathit Manon Andini, M.Hum who have been very

helpful, kind, and patient in giving advice, ideas, and valuable time during the

process of this thesis writing.

The writer would say thanks to Muhammadiyah University of Malang and

English Department (thanks for giving her a chance to study here), all the lecturers

and friends at English Department for help and support. Beside, the writer also would

say thanks for her mother, father, and her brother and sister, and anyone who always

pray for her, give support and give her never ending love.

The writer hopes Allah SWT will give them in return all of the good things

that have been given to her.

Finally, the writer hopes that this thesis is useful to the reader in deeper

comprehension on reading subject.

Malang, 24 April 2013

Nurul Fadhilah

viii

Motto and Dedication

“Nothing impossible if we pray and try”

“…Allah will rise up to (suitable) ranks (and degree),

those of you who believe and who have knowledge…”

( Q.S. al Mujaddalah: 11 )

"The most beautiful things in the world are not seen nor touched.

They are felt with the heart."

-Helen Keller-

Dedication :

My beloved Dad “Bapak”, mom “Ibu”, brother “Mas Irul”, sister

“Mbak Ana”, and all of my big family.

My beloved dear, Iwan Santoso.

All of my friends Tralala Syalala, especially to Henny, Isna, Bertha.

All of my friends of English Department 2008.

Special thank’s for Mbak Pratiwi R.

All of friends “Kost Kuning”. Ema, Sysil, Riska, Aza, Iza, Mbak Anna,

Mbak Retha, Fanny, Tika.

ix

AN ANALYSIS OF COMMUNICATION USED BY HELEN KELLER AS A

DEAF BLIND WOMAN ON GEORGE SULLIVAN NOVEL “HELEN

KELLER”

ABSTRACT

People realize that a book or poem they read is a kind of literature. Literature is

human expression. The content of literature is presenting something that reflects real

life because it expresses a series of events that happen in human life. The important

thing of reading literature is people may get knowledge and pleasure because

literature is a kind of art that offers pleasure and illumination. One of literary works

that gives a pleasant feeling when people read is novel. The writer of this study

analyzed novel because there are many valuable messages exist on it. This study

analyzed the communication of the deaf blind main character in “Helen Keller” novel

written by George Sullivan. It concerned with the kinds of communication used in

surrounding and the difficulties of communication faced by Helen Keller. This study

applied descriptive and qualitative methods. The writer used objective approach

because she focused the study to understand the story of novel related to the topic

without studying the author’s life. The object of this study was the sentences,

dialogues, and paragraphs that related to the communication of deaf blind main

character in the novel. The result of this study shows that Helen Keller used

nonverbal and verbal communication. In nonverbal communication she used gestures

and touch. In verbal communication, she used written and spoken. Moreover, Helen

Keller got difficulties in semantic problem and physical distraction. Thus, the

analysis shows that the deaf blind person can communicate not only by using

nonverbal communication but also verbal communication.

Keyword: Analysis, communication, Helen Keller.

The Advisor I, The Writer,

Iswahyuni, M.Pd Nurul Fadhilah

x

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL .................................................................................................. iii

LEGALIZATION ......................................................................................... iv

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ...................................................................... v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................... vii

ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. viii

CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION ............................................................... 1

1.1 Background of the Study .......................................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of Problem .............................................................................. 3

1.3 Purpose of the Study ................................................................................ 3

1.4 Significance of the Study ......................................................................... 3

1.5 Scope and Limitation................................................................................. 3

1.6 Definition of Key Terms .......................................................................... 4

CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ....................... 5

2.1 Literature ................................................................................................. 5

2.2 Novel........................................................................................................ 6

2.3 Kinds of Novel ........................................................................................ 6

2.4 Elements of Novel ................................................................................... 8

2.4.1 Character and Characterization....................................................... 8

2.4.2 Plot.................................................................................................. 9

xi

2.4.3 Setting............................................................................................. 10

2.4.4 Theme.............................................................................................. 11

2.4.5 Conflict............................................................................................ 11

2.4.6 Point of View................................................................................... 12

2.5 Hearing Disorders ................................................................................... . 12

2.6 Blind.......................................................................................................... 13

2.7 Communication…...................................................................................... 14

2.7.1 Verbal Communication...................................................................... 16

2.7.2 Nonverbal Communication................................................................ 17

2.7.2.1 Body Motions........................................................................ 18

2.7.2.2 Paralanguage.......................................................................... 19

2.7.2.3 Self Presentation.................................................................... 19

2.7.2.4 Time....................................................................................... 19

2.8 Difficulties of Communication................................................................... 20

CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................... 21

3.1 Research Design ..................................................................................... 21

3.2 Approach ................................................................................................. 21

3.3 Object of the Study.................................................................................. 22

3.4 Data Collection ....................................................................................... 23

3.5 Data Analysis .......................................................................................... 23

CHAPTER 1V : FINDING AND DISCUSSION ........................................ 24

4.1 Kinds of Helen’s Communication .......................................................... 24

4.1.1 Helen’s Nonverbal Communication................................................ 24

4.1.1.1 Gestures.............................................................................. 24

4.1.1.2 Sense of Touch.................................................................... 25

xii

4.1.2 Helen’s Verbal Communication...................................................... 26

4.1.2.1 Written Communication...................................................... 26

4.1.2.2 Oral Communication.......................................................... 27

4.2 Helen’s Difficulties to Communicate...................................................... 28

4.2.1 The Difficulty in Semantic Problem.............................................. 28

4.2.2 The Difficulty in Physical Distraction........................................... 29

4.3 Discussion.................................................................................................. 30

CHAPTER V : CONCLUSSION AND SUGGESTION………………..... 32

5.1 Conclussion................................................................................................ 32

5.1.1 Helen’s Communication.................................................................. 32

5.1.2 The Difficulties of Communication................................................... 32

5.2 Suggestion................................................................................................. . 32

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APPENDIX

xiii

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