an alternative scenario to the bp crisis of 2010 by this fluid world

8/8/2019 an alternative scenario to the BP crisis of 2010 by this fluid world

1/98

an alternative scenario to the

BP crisisa story ofcollaboration

and transparency

created byliri andersson and

jonathan macdonaldthis uid world


2/98

the events that unfolded during the BPoil crisis of 2010 made us question what

could have happened if an organisationsuch as BP had a di ff erent approach interms of preparation, positioning andattitude

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our belief is that a di ff erent outcome, interms of communications and speed in

nding a solution, could have beenpossible

due to this we spent the summer of 2010developing an alternative scenario basedon a combination of the changingcommunications world we live in, the

thinking, tools and methodologies of thisuid world, and learnings from the BPcase this uid world


4/98

the document comes in two parts:

part one: a summary of the main eventsof the two rst months of the BP crisis,

with a focus on the communications side,to set the scene for our scenario

part two: a scenario presenting analternative approach that iscollaborative, transparent, responsible,open, honest and rapid this uid world


5/98

part one: a summary of the two rstmonths of the BP crisis*

we do not intend to pass judgment, norcomment on the actions of any party involved

we feel deeply for the lives a ff ected by thishorric disaster

*a bibliography of cited sources can be found at the end of this documentthis uid world


6/98

the Deepwater Horizon, owned byTransocean Ltd., was under contractwith BP to drill an exploratory well

together they were in the process of

temporarily closing it in anticipation ofreturning to commercial productionthis uid world


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april 20 th 9.46pm the DeepwaterHorizon drilling rig explodes o ff the

Louisiana coast in the Gulf of Mexico

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the coast guard responds with a search-

and-rescue mission. 115 workers arerescued, 16 of which are injuredthis uid world


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11 are missing, presumed deadthis uid world


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24th the rst communication fromBP is a practical one, estimating the leak

at 1000 barrels/day

27th the rst tweet from BP (in capitals):BP PLEDGES FULL SUPPORT FOR

DEEPWATER HORIZON with a link to a pressrelease

28th BP announce underestimating spill bya factor of ve

30th BP CEO, Tony Haywardtells Reuters This was not our accident.

this is the CEOs 1 st communication

april

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1st on the new BP.com Gulf of Mexicoresponse page, BP updates on relief e ff ortand contact numbers whilst the NY Timescreates an Oil Spill Tracker to viewpredictions and actual spread

3rd

Hayward admits liability and announcesthat BP will pay for the cleanup and anylegitimate legal claims

15th Hayward says on Sky news The impact

will be very, very modestthe ocean is verybig and the oil were putting into it is tiny

may

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16th @BPGlobalPR, a parody twitter account,opens with the tweet: We regretfully admitthat something has happened o ff of the GulfCoast. More to come

18th Hayward ies home to celebrate his 54 th birthday with his family

20th BP forced by legislators to stream livewebcam footage of leak from ocean oor

21st Greenpeace protesters take action

may

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24th Toby Odone (BP spokesman) when askedabout @BPGlobalPR tells AdAge: People arefrustrated at what's happening, as are we,and that's just their way of expressing it.People are entitled to their views on whatwe're doing and we have to live with those"

31st Hayward proclaims: I want my life back

31st an uno ffi cial logo re-design contestgoes live whilst @BPGlobalPR has 100,000followers. its author writes an Open letter tothe media (which goes viral instantly)

may

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"I started @BPGlobalPR, because the oil spill had beengoing on for almost a month and all BP had to o ff erwere bullshit PR statements. No solutions, no

urgency, no sincerity, no nothing. Thats why I decidedto relate to the public for them.

I started o ff just making jokes at their expense with afew friends, but now it has turned into something of

a movement. People are sharing billboards, music,graphic art, videos and most importantly,

information

logo & slogan as used by @BPGlobalPR

@BPGlobalPRsOpen letter to the media (excerpt)

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by the end of may it is estimated that779,000 barrels (32.7 million gallons) of oil

has been releasedthe 1989 spill of the Exxon Valdez tankerreleased 250,000 barrels (10.8 milliongallons) of oil into Prince William Sound o ff

Alaska's coast

may

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june 1st President Obama: BP will be heldaccountable for nancial losses fromthe greatest environmental disaster of

its kind in our history

1st the Mozilla Firefox black oil pluginreleased: all mentions of BP on the web

can now be covered in black oil

1st the Boycott BP facebook page has233,000 fans, the o ffi cial BP pages have18,000. @BPGlobalPR (parody) has 125,000

followers and @BP_America (offi

cial) has10,000

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june 1st stock price falls by another 15%meaning a fall of c.30% in 43 days.$62.7 billion of valuation has been wiped out

at this point

2nd Hayward admits being Notprepared (in relation to the leak)

2nd Stephen Fry tweets the logo re-designcompetition to 1.53million followers

2nd @BPGlobalPR sells $10,000 of

BP cares t-shirts and donates all proceedsto the recovery missionthis uid world


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june 2nd 134 entries into the uno ffi cial logo re-design contest from amateur andprofessional designers

2nd Titanic & Avatar Film producer JamesCameron o ff ers equipment and technology

support which is instantly turned down.Cameron says to press:

Those morons dont knowwhat theyre doing

2nd environmental groups include theCrisis Commons, Wildlife Federation and the

New Orleans Foundation all using social mediaand mobile apps for recovery support

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june 3rd Hayward: "I made a hurtful andthoughtless comment on Sunday when I saidthat 'I wanted my life back'. When I read thatrecently, I was appalled. I apologise, especially

to the families of the 11 men who lost theirlives in this tragic accident.

4th

Huffi

ngton Post reports BP using Googleto manipulate public opinion

6th BP issue a press release that a newapproach is capturing 10,500 barrels

in 24 hours (1/2 estimated leak rate)

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the rest is history

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21/98

Introduce scenariopart two: a scenario presenting an

alternative approach that iscollaborative, transparent, responsible,open, honest and rapid

other than publicly used platforms, allcharacters, and or companies appearing in thiswork, are ctitious. any resemblance to realpersons, living or dead, is purely coincidental

this uid world


22/98

By Tim Forrest, Head of Communications Planning at OMD

The distinction between the past, present and future is only a stubbornly persistent illusion [Einstein]

When I read the social media and scenario whitepaper by this uid world, it struck me that the cynicmight say it is easy to be wise after the event, in this case that comment would not so much ring trueas ring hollow

this uid world have to my mind very much envisioned the future by rewriting the past, one day at atime

The scale and scope of this highly engaging story is, when broken down to its component parts, aninstructive manual for creating a process that conditions operational readiness for as yet undenedscenarios

I dont believe it is as important to anticipate a specic scenario, as to have a broad process in placefor dealing with rising situations. The process that this paper articulates implies a good deal ofchange for many companies, and something of a leap of faith

However, is it not the point of scenario planning to accept and anticipate future change both

unknown and beyond control? beyond control only if you expect to respond within the connes ofwhat you historically have done

It is therefore highly appropriate to end as I began with further wise words from Einstein. Insanity:doing the same thing over and over again and expecting di ff erent results

foreword

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scenario planning

scenario planning is a method for learning about thefuture by understanding the nature and impact ofthe most uncertain and important driving forcesa ff ecting our world

scenario planning works under the assumption thatthe future can di ff er greatly from what we knowtoday

the purpose is to portray a variety of potential

outcomes, or an ideal outcome, by applying acombination of trends, best practice and availableresources in today's world

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the thought processes involved in getting to thescenario has the dual purpose of increasingknowledge of the communications environment, andto widen an organisation's perception of possiblefuture events

the end goal of designing a scenario is for anorganisation to ask itself, what do we need to do tobe prepared for di ff erent outcomes, or what do weneed to put in place for this ideal scenario to become

reality?. the answer is used in building strategies tomanage a di ff erent picture of the futurethis uid world


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Advanced Energy Futures (AEF) is one ofthe largest energy companies in the world

with 310.37 billion in revenue*, 94,100

employees*, and numerous oil wells andpipelines across the globe

*Source: AEF Annual Report 2007

2008

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18th an AEF pipeline ruptures o ff thecoast of Alaska, backup equipment kicks in

and the risk of cataclysmic explosion isavoided

this raised a question internally as to AEFsability to respond to such a disaster

due to this, a crisis meeting is scheduled

september

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23rd the crisis meeting is held at AEFheadquarters in Atlanta

Simon Davies, the recently hired CTO, argues that,

From a communications perspective, the digitallyinteractive world of social media can magnify acrisis exponentially, and at an alarmingly fastspeed

he suggests this requires AEF to learn and adaptto a new communications landscape in order tohandle any potential communications crisis

september

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27th AEF seeks advice from Clarity Tank, a Londonbased rm with expertise in business andcommunications strategy, on how to harness socialmedia and how to best handle a social media crisis

the initiative is driven by Emma Baker, CMO of AEF andthe meeting is attended by AEFs CEO Bob Young, CTO

Simon Davies, Head of PR Fiona Marshall andthe Head of Engineering Stuart Fallows

october

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1st over a period of ve weeks, a strategicdevelopment programme is designed by Clarity Tankin collaboration with AEF stakeholders

the programme is a combination of the consultingrms two core social media products; use aimed athelping organisations create a social media strategythat achieves brand and business objectives, anddiff use which ensures an organisations ability to

address and resolve a social media crisis in abenecial and timely way

november

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the overall initiative is designed to establish fullunderstanding of the risks, opportunities,implications and realities of social media, whilst alsocreating an improved communications and crisismanagement strategy

november

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5th the initiative will sculpture the media training forspokespeople, including Bob Young, in order to ensure

future public statements and reactions are suited to

an age of rapid editing, publishing and sharing ofinformation by o ffi cial and uno ffi cial sources

november

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8th Clarity Tank recommend to AEF that, in order tobe able to harness the belief and support of people

moving forward, AEF needs to be relevant to thegeneral public

Clarity Tank suggests that the most powerful way todo this is for AEF to stand for something that people

can identify with, and to, in a collaborative way, dene aclear and relevant external purpose

reecting this

november

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10th the decision is made to gather a group ofinuential people, including an AEF representative, for atwo-day workshop facilitated by Clarity Tank at aneutral location in London

the purpose of the workshop is to create a pledge ofcombined activity and direction moving forward, inaddition to dening a new mission statement for AEF;one that is closely in line with the organisationsenvironmental position moving forward

a short-list of potential attendees is created andinvites sent out

november

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15th

news of the plannedcollaborative meeting startstrending on twitter with 132 blogs

covering the story in a positive way

inuential environmental bloggerSteven Henshaw writes It seems like

AEF has made it their mission towork with others to enable combined

thinking

november

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17th a story appears in the New York Times writtenby Susan Timon, a guest columnist from the

humanitarian site evry1.com, discussing the invitation

she received three days prior

Susan calls AEF Brave and forward-thinking andpledges Full support for an open discussion of mutual

benet

november

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5th the workshop is a success

attendees include the U.S Secretary of State, CEOs

of three global energy companies, leaders of thelargest environmental organisations, eminentresearch scientists, key journalists and bloggers alongwith technology experts from all over the world

the group is named The Collective

december

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a pledge by The Collective to drive initiatives benetingthe environment is nalised for joint release via newswires and communities by the morning

AEFs mission statement is agreed as being To

collaborate with the goal of providing the best energysources for the world, whilst protecting and betteringthe environment

december

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6th the US President, MarieMontgomery states in a pressconference The Secretary of

Homeland Security was present in ameeting of minds and that I ampledging my full support to the

eff orts of The Collective with whomwe are proudly involved

december

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17th there are over 4000 stories on the web aboutThe Collective

thousands of comments are left on hundreds offorum boards

the main news headlines are all positive, one carryingthe headline AEF & Friends become The Collective - a

mission without ego

december

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20th a blog post appears on a satirical comedy sitemaking a joke about AEF and The Collective missionstatement. within a few hours 441 comments aremade in support of the AEF approach

the original satire is drowned in positivity, and quicklyforgotten about

december

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26th

the AEF missionstatement, supplementedby The Collective pledge,

drives an up-lift for AEFsstock value of 19% over the

course of 18 days

January 2009

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27th AEF distribute a company pressrelease regarding the stock valuation rise

they speak of being Very pleased with the

growth but maintain that The addedvalue in the company is also forreimbursement into the e ff orts andsolutions we are collectively working on toensure we can nd more sustainable

energy sources and protect ourenvironment - everyone needs to benetfrom this success

january

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28th the press release isreferenced across the main

news sites and featured inbroadsheets all over the world

the news programmesconcentrate on AEF's intention toshare the benet

the stock continues to grow invalue

january

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1st to bring the new vision to life, and toharness the power of the general public, AEFlaunches a global crowd sourcing initiativeorchestrated by Clarity Tank

the goal is to outreach for ideas,suggestions, technologies and research withthe intention to act as a global resource anddiscussion around energy, the environmentand people's lives

february

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this manifests as SolvMachine, an interactivewebsite (www.SolvMachine.com), wherestatements of intent and ideas for betteringenergy sources and environmental initiatives,can be registered by professional andamateur collaborators all over the world

a desktop widget is also released along with aniPhone, Android and Java application enablingpeople to create, edit and share ideas relatingto energy and the environment

february

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4th & 5th Clarity Tank runs a two-day workshop about crisismanagement in communications atthe AEF New York o ffi ce. theworkshop is attended by key internalstakeholders

it is agreed that a core team becreated, and trained, to rapidlydeploy prepared strategies in theevent of a disaster

february

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13th eight people from across AEF with links to

PR, Marketing, Business Development andTechnology are appointed as The InteractionTeam

a virtual situation room is created by Clarity

Tank in a secure shared online spaceincorporating monitoring tools, video calling,document storage and reporting software

february

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the role of The Interaction Team is to bein conversations with the public, and to

manage the monitoring of conversations,in order to feed back into the rest of theorganisation through the virtual situationroom

february

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15th in accordance with the communicationcrisis programme Clarity Tank creates a ag

system within the monitoring and reportingdashboard

the system ags real-time levels of sentiment,inaccurate or overtly critical statements

on the dashboard screen a red ag indicates

urgent action, orange a mild issue and a greenag indicates positivity

february

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17th crisis guidelines are created enabling AEFto react appropriately in the event of issuesarising that could have a negative impact on AEF,or any of the initiatives it is associated with

these guidelines include direction on the mostsuitable tone of voice, blog responses, pressreleases and communication with partnersand stakeholders in the event

of a crisis

february

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19th the AEF board work withClarity Tank to create a fastsign-o ff process for orangeand red ags that circumventsstandard procedure

february

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the sign-o ff process works as follows:

the orange ag process triggers enhancedmonitoring of discussions and feeds in positivemessaging from inuencers

the red ag process is in six steps that take as littleas six hours in total to complete

1. red ag identied2. the Interaction Team are alerted3. red ag cross-matched with crisis guidelines4. adjustment of pre-designed communication5. action authorised6. action deployed

february

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20th internal sta ff , external inuencers and all

partners are informed and trained on how to alertThe Interaction Team to situations

this is termed The Interaction Protocol

february

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22nd a wide scale press, TV,poster, online and mobile

campaign for SolvMachine goeslive across multiple regions,promoting the unilateral initiativeand urging people to get involved

with the tag line:

Were all in this together

calls to action lead toSolvMachines website, and an SMS

short-code enables people toeither download the application

or register for text alerts

february

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55/98

4th downloads of the SolvMachinewidget reaches 368,000 in just under

5 weeks

the iPhone application isrecommended in a tweet by the

famous comedian, Peter Tuck, to 1.5

million followers. thousands retweet,reaching over 50 million users

within 48 hours, the SolvMachineapplication reaches 1 million

downloads across all platforms

march

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9th the leading technology

review site, revwr.com, callsSolvMachine:

Perhaps the most importantapplication ever

march

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12th by now, the organisations in

The Collective are running over 50agreed initiatives in support ofthe mandate

AEF is attached to each one as asponsor and runs ten keyinitiatives of its own

march

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15th Bob Young says on Sky News:The support of Governments throughoutthe world has shown the validity in ourmandate. We will continue to endorse initiatives that propel this forward and

embrace the close working relationship wehave with the political, environmental,scientic and technological partners,combined with the general public

april

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59/98

5th Bob Young has a vision to turn the crowd-sourcing tool, SolvMachine, into a scenario

planning toolwith that in mind, Young introduces two new

stakeholders to the consortium:

Evy Akolley from Onsidia and Joan Madeski fromPalo Alto's Institute for Generations

may

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60/98

to enable anyone in the world to

create, edit and share ideas that canbe fed into a scenario planning tool,Young commissions an e ff ort to

combine SolvMachine with Akolleyscrowd-sourcing site and Madeskis

problem-solving games

the goal being to nd energy sources and

protect the planet, in addition to preparingfor any potential accident that could lead toan environmental disaster

may

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25th in support of the upgradedSolvMachine, Planet of Quest,

Foundville and Seventh Life createvirtual doorways with signposts

directing people into SolvMachine asan extension to their platforms

may

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29th the environmental, technological andgaming community spread the news aboutthe platform tie-up across twitter

over 12,000 developers download the APIcode, enabling them to build on theplatform, whilst 27 major bloggers and

journalists take screen grabs and writeabout the seamless user experience

may

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1st members of The Collective,and the public, are makingvoluntary weekly donations tosupport the increasing number

of initiativesthe people involved in generatingthe top ten ideas are rewardedby being able to assign a

proportion of the donation to acharity of their choice

june

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2nd a leading news sitepublishes a weekly updateof the selected ideas anddistributed funds

other publishers pick this upand decide to link the reportedprogress to related storiesinvolving the selected charities

june

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3rd commentators express thatSolvMachine is now a multinational

response mechanism that poolssupport from individuals andorganisations to solve scenarios

together

within SolvMachine, TheInteraction Protocol is mergedwith the crisis guidelines to

ensure full understanding of howSolvMachine can be used

june

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the US President, Marie Montgomery and UKPrime Minister, Jack Brewer announce at a

joint press conference We stand shoulder toshoulder with the AEF and The Collective. 21

Global leaders, ourselves included, are nowinteracting with SolvMachine to ensure we are

up to speed with the ideas, creations andmethodologies of all contributors and

collaborators.

june

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6th Pablo, a 13-year-old student in Mexicosends a tweet about his daily battle to run a

wildlife sanctuary on his uncles ranch, closeto Rio Gande, where he seeks to protect 'at

risk' animals from the elements

he adds several hashtags, including #AEF and#SolvMachine, to the tweet

this activity is immediately picked up by TheInteraction Team on their twitter stream

june

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7th the tweet is distributed to The Collectiveand one of the technology partners o ff ers to

set up a short-code that allows people todonate by sending an SMS

by the following day, the short-code is beingdistributed all over twitter and donations

rapidly increase

june

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8th the story is picked up by Sky News who iesa reporter to Mexico to interview Pablo

pictures of the boy showing the reporteraround the wildlife sanctuary, describing whathe is planning to do with the donations, arebroadcasted all over the world

Pablo is quoted as saying Large corporationscan really make a positive di ff erence thankyou for all your support!

june

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5th

directions to the SolvMachinehave been seen within games bymillions of players. over a hundredexperts get involved, on a dailybasis, in the discussion and

modelling of the best collaborativeideas, solutions and missions

each one is rated, and a shortlistsummary of the top ten ispublished daily this is sent in fullto The Interaction Team at AEF

july

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12th Bob Young says to TimeMagazine We have been delightedwith the development and input intoSolvMachine. For us it is built intoeveryday business, but I am told bymany other organisations that thisis fast becoming a scenario planningtool they can use in collaborationwith the wisdom of the crowds to

solve environmental and energyissues

july

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16th Tom Ford, CEO of the WorldwideFoundation of Wildlife Protection, conrmsBob Youngs claim in a BBC interview wherehe states: SolvMachine enables us to assessand prioritise the top initiatives to consider

in terms of wildlife protection in allcontinents. old and new activists,researchers and scientists are encouragedto help out

Ford nishes with The Collectives slogan;Were all in this together

july

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18th conversations aboutSolvMachine are now taking place on16 Facebook groups

major brands around the world arealso getting involved creating theirown platforms; among them theAmerican Access Open Place, theErolssin Thinking Forward site and in

the HBM Smarter Universecommunity

july

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20th

the main environmental blogs facilitatearound 3000 comments a day

most commentators are also adding insightinto SolvMachine and act as self-appointed

moderators and quality control o ffi cers byensuring negative, slanderous or illegitimatecontent is removed

new ndings are published, tweeted, discussedwhilst being monitored and interacted with by

The Interaction Team

july

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4th the constant cycle ofmonitoring continues, covering

internal developments, publicsentiment and the activities ofenvironmental organisations,

bloggers and other inuencers

august

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7th an issue grows online

the community is questioningwhether AEF is nancially andprocedurally set up to action

any of the scenarios fromSolvMachine, threatening its

credibilitythis is raised asan orange ag

august

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The Interaction Team respondsimmediately by publishing theircrisis and resource plan, adding:

We welcome any collaborators

willing to help implement scenarioswith us to change their prolesetting to willing collaborator, wewill then involve them in futureconversations about existing and

new projects we can work ontogether

august

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20th AEF announces its intention to close down theFreshpool Skyline, an exploratory drilling rig in the Gulfof Mexico, with a view to open it soon after as acommercial well

technical and strategic information of the well, andits surroundings, are fed into the SolvMachine

scenario modelling commences by ad hoc teams in

order to detect any possible issues with the plan

september

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5th the feedback leads toAEF making some additional

investment in safety andbackup equipment that is

deployed in the areasidentied in the scenarios

october

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27th AEF creates a digital wall of fame where thenames of the contributors and collaborators aredisplayed (where permission has been granted), as asymbolic representation of cooperation

from Times Square in New York, to the ReutersBuilding in Canary Wharf and the N Building in Tokyo,there is a constant ticker of contributors andcollaborators for the world to see and celebrate

january

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20th thousands of political,economic, sociological andtechnological scenarios havebeen created by virtual teamswithin SolvMachine

february

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6th a news story runs in one of the largest

American broadsheets, Todays News, quoting aresearch scientist Alvaro Sanchez, who claimsthat AEF is hardly involved in any of the

collaborative work, they seem to want the glorywithout actually getting involved

due to the wide inuence Sanchez has, this is ared ag

march

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within an hour, three of the mainbloggers who have been covering TheCollectives progress write a replyproving Mr Sanchez wrong

they correct the false information bydiscussing key projects and initiativesdriven by AEF, in addition to thecollaborative progress made to date

march

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hundreds of supportivecomments have now been posted

the AEF Interaction Team updatetheir advancedenergyfutures.comwebsite with a live feed of thestory and ongoing comments

march

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20th april 9 46pm


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the Freshpool Skyline drilling rigexplodes o ff the Louisiana coast

in the Gulf of Mexico

oil starts leaking into the ocean

20th april 9.46pm

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The Interactive Team is

alerted of the crisisand all stakeholders,partners and

inuencers areinformed

20th april 9.51pm

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due to SolvMachine, keystakeholders are aware of thepotential consequences, andthe relevant solutions that

have been modelled that couldadd value in addressing thecrisis

20th april 10.11pm

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Bob Young rapidly hosts an onlinewebinar where he honestly explains the

situation, and what action is being taken

to minimise damage

this is broadcasted by all major newschannels across the world

20th april 10.55pm

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20th april 11 22pm


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relevant information isinstantly inputted into allmedia assets of AEF andThe Collective

there are continuous, real-timeupdates to all stakeholders

20th april 11.22pm

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over a thousand people start workingon new scenarios and solutions whichare instantly fed back into AEF andpartner companies

20th april 11.24pm

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all major social networking sites andtools are immersed in support of AEFand the collaborative e ff orts in ndingsolutions

this combines the thinking ofcompetitive energy companies,environmentalists, scientists, legislators,politicians, bloggers, journalists and thegeneral public

20th april 11.44pm

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the partner energy companies provideextra equipment to aid the relief e ff ort

the US President maintains ongoingdialogue with The Interaction Team and

The Collective

21st april 6.46am

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22nd april 10 21am


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what is needed to nd

a solution is in place

and the restbecame history

22nd april 10.21am

this uid world

so marks the end of our scenario


95/98

so marks the end of our scenario

the thinking, approach and methodology within this document is part ofa range of solutions provided (in real life) by this uid world

the scenario was built upon the principles of our advanced scenarioplanning service, called asp for more detail visit:www.thisuidworld.com/asp.html

the social media components were built upon the principles of our socialmedia protocol services use and di ff use for more detail visit:www.thisuidworld.com/use.htmlwww.thisuidworld.com/di ff use.html

if you would like to discuss this further, please contact:

liri andersson

[email protected]

jonathan macdonald

[email protected]

this uid world

bibliography


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http://adage.com/digital/article?article_id=144339

http://www.propublica.org/article/congressmen-raised-concerns-about-bp-safety-in-months-before-gulf-spill

http://abcnews.go.com/WNT/video/conversation-twitters-satirical-bp-star-10849258Don't

http://mashable.com/2010/06/09/bpglobalpr-changes-bio

http://mashable.com/2010/06/02/social-media-gulf-oil-spill/

http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2010/05/01/us/20100501-oil-spill-tracker.html

http://www.treehugger.com/les/2010/05/bp-gulf-oil-spill-timeline.php

http://beforeitsnews.com/news/50/386/Timeline_of_Events_in_BP_Oil_Spill:_Day_by_Day,_April_20_to_May_26.html

http://beforeitsnews.com/news/40/435/A_Timeline_of_the_BP_Oil_Spill_Crisis_Pics.html

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704113504575264721101985024.html

http://www.courier-journal.com/article/20100529/COLUMNISTS20/5300320/Notes+form+Washington+%7C+BP+oil+spill+washes+up+on+the+shores+of+politics

http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/37444105/ns/gulf_oil_spill/

http://www.facebook.com/pages/Boycott-BP/119101198107726

http://www.facebook.com/pages/BP/120558271299539

http://streetgiant.com/2010/06/02/leroy-stick-the-man-behind-bpglobalpr/

http://www.businessinsider.com/bps-crisis-pr-strategy-unprepared-ine ffi cient-and-incomprehensive-2010-5

http://adage.com/poll?poll_id=212

http://adage.com/article?article_id=143663

http://www.ogilvypr.com/en/case-study/bp

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/nance/newsbysector/energy/oilandgas/7804922/BP-chief-Tony-Hayward-sold-shares-weeks-before-oil-spill.htmlhttp://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/07/business/media/07link.html

http://www.fastcompany.com/1644053/infographic-of-the-day-what-the-heck-is-a-relief-well-bp-explains

g p y

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bibliography


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http://www.hu ffi ngtonpost.com/jacqueline-leo/bp-using-google-to-manipu_b_598677.html


http://www.rstudios.com/blogs/left-brain/2010/05/for-bp-crisis-management-in-social-media-is-as-slippery-as-oil.html

http://www.wallblog.co.uk/2010/05/26/bp-beaten-in-social-media-stakes-by-fake-tweets/

http://news.cnet.com/8301-13577_3-20006199-36.html


http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE6520X020100603

http://socialistworker.org/2010/06/03/catastrophe-waiting-to-happen

http://www.hu ffi ngtonpost.com/2010/06/02/bp-media-clampdown-no-pho_n_598119.html

http://www.logomyway.com/contestView.php?contestId=1746

http://news.yahoo.com/s/afp/20100603/sc_afp/usoilpollutionenvironmentbpbritain&a=Science%20News&x=1

http://www.dailynance.com/story/bp-twitter-satirist-donates-10-000-for-gulf-oil-spill-relief/19501125/

http://mashable.com/2010/06/02/social-media-gulf-oil-spill/

http://blogs.hbr.org/corkindale/2010/06/ve_lessons_in_leadership_fro.html

http://www.briansolis.com/2010/07/oil-spill-report-bp-and-white-house-sentiment-spills-onto-twitter/

http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/147/fast-talk-patricia-menezes.html

http://www.fastcompany.com/1679502/investors-to-oil-companies-prove-that-youre-prepared-for-disaster

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an alternative scenario to the bp crisis of 2010 by this fluid world

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