an alcts webinar presented by julie mosbo texas...
TRANSCRIPT
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A N A L C T S W E B I N A R P R E S E N T E D B Y
J U L I E M O S B O T E X A S A & M U N I V E R S I T Y
M A R C H 2 , 2 0 1 6
Library Preservation Today! Environmental Monitoring and Control
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Julie Mosbo
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
About me… Director of Preservation and the William and Susan Ouren
Preservation Librarian at Texas A&M University Libraries since October 2013.
Prior to TAMU, Preservation Librarian at
Southern Illinois University at Carbondale
from 2008-2013.
ACLTS Fundamentals of Preservation Instructor
since 2011.
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Overview
Temperature & Humidity
Storage & Exhibit
Pests
Mold
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Temperature & Humidity 4
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Why is Temperature & Humidity Important? 5
Contributes to the changes in the physical makeup of materials Heat
accelerates deterioration
High relative humidity moisture creates harmful chemical reactions in materials
High humidity and low temperatures creates an environment for mold growth and insect
activity
Dramatic fluctuations in temperature and relative humidity creates problems Materials are continuously adapting to their environment
through the absorption and release of moisture. Creates expanding and contracting Leads to issues including:
cockling paper flaking ink warped covers on books cracked emulsion
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Temperature & Humidity 6
Standards National Information Standards Organization (NISO) report:
Environmental Guidelines for the Storage of Paper Records Combined stack and user areas
Temp.: 70°F
%RH: 30%–50%
Optimum preservation stacks
Temp.: 35-65°F
%RH: 30-50%
Maximum daily fluctuation
Temp.: +/-2°F
%RH: +/-3%
Conservation Environment Guidelines for Libraries and Archives (1990) Ideal Environment for Libraries and Archives
Temp.: 60°–65°F
%RH: 40%–45%
National Archives and Records Administration (NARA, 2002) Ideal Environment for Libraries and Archives
Temp.: 65°F
%RH: 35%–45%
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Preventative Preservation 7
Environmental Monitoring program Identify the types of items in your
collections
Work with your facilities personal to determine what your HVAC can do
DO NOT make your HVAC system do something it wasn’t designed to do
Use data loggers or hygrothermographs
Review and record the data
Share the data with facilities
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Storage & Exhibits 8
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Problem Areas 9
Lighting Fading Heat
Pollutants Particulates
abrasive attract pests and mold cause staining
Gaseous pollutants (sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, and ozone) staining and discoloration accelerate
Storage Acidic Off-gassing
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Preventative Preservation
Lighting Requirements Levels should be kept as low as
possible - Turn off lights not in use
UV component eliminated - UV filters on windows and lights
Reading and Inspection Areas: 300-600 lux
Display: 50-150 lux (lower is better); limited periods
Storage Areas: 10-50 lux
Set a plan for page turning or item replacement during a long exhibit
Low-budget solution – Blinds!
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Preventative Preservation 11
Pollutants Particulate
filtered debris through central systems create a regular schedule of replacing filters plan for routine housekeeping
dusting and vacuuming protect items inside enclosures (cabinets,
boxes, etc.) keep doors and windows closed
Gaseous keep in mind everyday facility items that can
off gas, including: building materials, furnishings, cleaning
agents, and photocopiers (photocopiers generate ozone which can accelerate deterioration)
Good air exchange with clean replacement air will help to reduce pollution levels.
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Preventative Preservation
Storage: Lignin-free
Acid free
Polypropylene or Mylar
just because something might say it’s “archival” it still may not be acid free and/or lignin-free.
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Integrated Pest Management 13
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Issues What is a “Pest”?
Typical kinds of pests:
Beetles
Cockroaches
Silverfish
Spiders
Mice/Rats
Squirrels
Raccoons/Possums
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Issues Example Pest
PESTS & INSECTS
• Silverfish
Eat material high in protein, sugar, or starch, including cereals, moist wheat flour, starch in book bindings, sizing in paper, and paper on which there is glue or paste; may bite very small holes in various fabrics, including cotton, linen, and silk, even though they cannot digest either linen or cotton.
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Issues Example Pest
PESTS & INSECTS
• Cockroaches
Eat almost anything including meats and grease, starchy foods, sweets, baked goods, leather, wallpaper paste, book bindings and sizing.
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Issues Identification of Pest Activity 17
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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We Found Pests: What Do We Do?
Damaged caused by insects is irreversible
Ways of treating infestations Fumigation collections Oxygen deprivation or CO2
treatment Freezing Vacuuming
Costs
Time Staff Outside vendors Equipment
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Preventative Measures 19
Integrate Pest Management (IPM) Program
Education
Assess the building/facility
Assess new collections coming into the building
Set and monitor traps
Housekeeping
Monitor food/drink
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Mold
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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What is Mold?
It’s a fungi 10,000 species of fungi
mildew mold mushrooms
Mold… Is made up of spores Spores are airborne Can vary in color
Active Mold Still growing
environment (temp. and %RH ) is not stable
Inactive mold environment is more stable.
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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What Causes Mold?
Different types of materials absorb different amounts of water. When different materials are exposed to
the same environment, some develop mold and others do not.
Lower temperature and higher humidity increases the chance of mold growth.
Mold growth can start to occur
48-72 hours in such conditions.
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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What Damage Does Mold Cause?
Mold eats paper and other materials found in libraries and archives.
Mold is attracted to cellulose, starch adhesives, and sizing.
Mold excretes digestive enzymes that allow them to eat those materials.
These enzymes can alter, weaken, and stain materials.
Mold is also an issue for people. Allergies Asthma Respiratory problems Weak immune systems Skin and eye irritations
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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We Found Mold: What Do We Do?
Check the environment. Temp & %RH Is moisture coming through somewhere? Is there a problem with the HVAC system?
Modify the environment:
Stabilize temp. & %RH Temp: below 70oF %RH: 55% or lower
If needed, remove water and moisture. Increase air circulation and draw out moisture
from the air.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE):
Gloves (preferable non-latex gloves) A protective mask (preferably a N95 or N100) Goggles
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Preventative Measures
Keep a stable environment Create an Environmental
Monitoring Plan Identify materials in collection and
determine the best environment for those collections
Use data loggers or hygrothermographs Record and save the data Report issues as soon as possible
Assess New Materials
If coming from a questionable location, quarantine collections
Separate anything suspicious
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Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
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Resources 26
At Your Library – Pass It On! Preservation Week http://www.atyourlibrary.org/passiton
Cornell Library Preservation and Conservation https://www.library.cornell.edu/preservation/librarypreservation/mee/index.html
Image Permanence Institute Storage Guides https://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/imaging/storage-guides
National Park Service Conserve O Grams http://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/cons_toc.html
Northeast Document Center Preservation Leaflets http://www.nedcc.org/free-resources/preservation-leaflets/overview
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign IPM Photo Reference http://www.library.illinois.edu/prescons/services/ipm/ipm_photoref.html
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
http://www.atyourlibrary.org/passitonhttps://www.library.cornell.edu/preservation/librarypreservation/mee/index.htmlhttps://www.library.cornell.edu/preservation/librarypreservation/mee/index.htmlhttps://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/imaging/storage-guideshttps://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/imaging/storage-guideshttps://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/imaging/storage-guideshttps://www.imagepermanenceinstitute.org/imaging/storage-guideshttp://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/cons_toc.htmlhttp://www.nps.gov/museum/publications/conserveogram/cons_toc.htmlhttp://www.nedcc.org/free-resources/preservation-leaflets/overviewhttp://www.nedcc.org/free-resources/preservation-leaflets/overviewhttp://www.nedcc.org/free-resources/preservation-leaflets/overviewhttp://www.nedcc.org/free-resources/preservation-leaflets/overviewhttp://www.nedcc.org/free-resources/preservation-leaflets/overviewhttp://www.nedcc.org/free-resources/preservation-leaflets/overviewhttp://www.library.illinois.edu/prescons/services/ipm/ipm_photoref.htmlhttp://www.library.illinois.edu/prescons/services/ipm/ipm_photoref.html
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Questions 27
Julie Mosbo [email protected]
Library Preservation Today!, hosted by ALCTS, Association for Library Collections & Technical Services, March 2016
mailto:[email protected]