amphibians holt biology ch. 30 pg. 739-750. characteristic of amphibians legs (most) legs (most)
TRANSCRIPT
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AMPHIBIANSAMPHIBIANS
HOLT BIOLOGYHOLT BIOLOGY
CH. 30CH. 30
Pg. 739-750Pg. 739-750
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CHARACTERISTIC OF CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANSAMPHIBIANS
• LEGS (most)LEGS (most)
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CHARACTERISTIC OF CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANSAMPHIBIANS
• LEGS (most)LEGS (most)
• LUNGSLUNGS
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CHARACTERISTIC OF CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANSAMPHIBIANS
• LEGS (most)LEGS (most)
• LUNGSLUNGS
• DOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATION
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CHARACTERISTIC OF CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANSAMPHIBIANS
• LEGS (most)LEGS (most)
• LUNGSLUNGS
• DOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATION
• PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEARTPARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
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CHARACTERISTIC OF CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANSAMPHIBIANS
• LEGS (most)LEGS (most)
• LUNGSLUNGS
• DOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE-LOOP CIRCULATION
• PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEARTPARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
• CUTANEOUS (skin) RESPIRATIONCUTANEOUS (skin) RESPIRATION– Live on land, but must stay close to Live on land, but must stay close to
waterwater
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MOVEMENT AND RESPONSEMOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
• Strong endoskeleton needed to support Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on landgravity on land
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MOVEMENT AND RESPONSEMOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
• Strong endoskeleton needed to support Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on landgravity on land
• Good sense of hearing and sightGood sense of hearing and sight
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MOVEMENT AND RESPONSEMOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
• Strong endoskeleton needed to support Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on landgravity on land
• Good sense of hearing and sightGood sense of hearing and sight– HuntingHunting
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MOVEMENT AND RESPONSEMOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
• Strong endoskeleton needed to support Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on landgravity on land
• Good sense of hearing and sightGood sense of hearing and sight– HuntingHunting– Avoid predatorsAvoid predators
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MOVEMENT AND RESPONSEMOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
• Strong endoskeleton needed to support Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on landgravity on land
• Good sense of hearing and sightGood sense of hearing and sight– HuntingHunting– Avoid predatorsAvoid predators– Eye covered in third eyelid (NICTITATING Eye covered in third eyelid (NICTITATING
MEMBRANE)MEMBRANE)
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MOVEMENT AND RESPONSEMOVEMENT AND RESPONSE
• Strong endoskeleton needed to support Strong endoskeleton needed to support gravity on landgravity on land
• Good sense of hearing and sightGood sense of hearing and sight– HuntingHunting– Avoid predatorsAvoid predators– Eye covered in third eyelid (NICTITATING Eye covered in third eyelid (NICTITATING
MEMBRANE)MEMBRANE)– Inner ear detects sound transmitted through Inner ear detects sound transmitted through
TYMPANIC MEMBRANE-vibration sent through TYMPANIC MEMBRANE-vibration sent through fluid, tiny sensitive hairs then to nervesfluid, tiny sensitive hairs then to nerves
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
• LUNGSLUNGS
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
• LUNGSLUNGS– Larval state has gillsLarval state has gills
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
• LUNGSLUNGS– Larval state has gillsLarval state has gills– Most adults breathe with lungsMost adults breathe with lungs
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
• LUNGSLUNGS– Larval state has gillsLarval state has gills– Most adults breathe with lungsMost adults breathe with lungs
• Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxideand carbon dioxide
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
• LUNGSLUNGS– Larval state has gillsLarval state has gills– Most adults breathe with lungsMost adults breathe with lungs
• Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxideand carbon dioxide
• Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
• LUNGSLUNGS– Larval state has gillsLarval state has gills– Most adults breathe with lungsMost adults breathe with lungs
• Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxideand carbon dioxide
• Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)• Lower bottom jaw to draw air in, lift lower jaw to force Lower bottom jaw to draw air in, lift lower jaw to force
waste gas outwaste gas out
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
• Amphibians get oxygen from Amphibians get oxygen from – SkinSkin– LungsLungs– MouthMouth
• LUNGSLUNGS– Larval state has gillsLarval state has gills– Most adults breathe with lungsMost adults breathe with lungs
• Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and Bag-like organ that allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxidecarbon dioxide
• Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)Great surface area (due to folds in tissue)• Lower bottom jaw to draw air in, lift lower jaw to force Lower bottom jaw to draw air in, lift lower jaw to force
waste gas outwaste gas out• 20 times more oxygen than water20 times more oxygen than water
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
– SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
– SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)•Skin is thin and moistSkin is thin and moist
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
– SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)•Skin is thin and moistSkin is thin and moist
•Gases passed right through skinGases passed right through skin
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RESPIRATIONRESPIRATION
– SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)SKIN (CUTANEOUS BREATHING)•Skin is thin and moistSkin is thin and moist
•Gases passed right through skinGases passed right through skin
•Mucous glands help keep skin moistMucous glands help keep skin moist
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• More efficient than fishMore efficient than fish
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• More efficient than fishMore efficient than fish
• PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEARTPARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• More efficient than fishMore efficient than fish
• PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEARTPARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART– SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of
heartheart
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• More efficient than fishMore efficient than fish
• PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEARTPARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART– SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of
heartheart– Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen
poor) in VENTRICLESpoor) in VENTRICLES
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• More efficient than fishMore efficient than fish
• PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEARTPARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART– SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of
heartheart– Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen
poor) in VENTRICLESpoor) in VENTRICLES– SEE PG. 742 DIAGRAMSEE PG. 742 DIAGRAM
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• More efficient than fishMore efficient than fish
• PARTIALLY DIVIDED HEARTPARTIALLY DIVIDED HEART– SEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of heartSEPTUM (wall) divides top (ATRIA) of heart– Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen Blood MIXES (oxygen rich and oxygen
poor) in VENTRICLESpoor) in VENTRICLES– SEE PG. 742 DIAGRAMSEE PG. 742 DIAGRAM– Ventricle contracts and sends blood to Ventricle contracts and sends blood to
vessels of rest of bodyvessels of rest of body
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION– See pg. 743 (compare fish to See pg. 743 (compare fish to
amphibians)amphibians)
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION– See pg. 743 (compare fish to See pg. 743 (compare fish to
amphibians)amphibians)– PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich
blood from lungs to heartblood from lungs to heart
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION– See pg. 743 (compare fish to See pg. 743 (compare fish to
amphibians)amphibians)– PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich
blood from lungs to heartblood from lungs to heart– Second loop carries oxygen rich blood Second loop carries oxygen rich blood
from heart to bodyfrom heart to body
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CIRCULATIONCIRCULATION
• DOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATIONDOUBLE LOOP CIRCULATION– See pg. 743 (compare fish to See pg. 743 (compare fish to
amphibians)amphibians)– PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich PULMONARY VEINS-carry oxygen rich
blood from lungs to heartblood from lungs to heart– Second loop carries oxygen rich blood Second loop carries oxygen rich blood
from heart to bodyfrom heart to body– High pressureHigh pressure
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GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANSGROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS
• 3 main groups3 main groups
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GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANSGROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS
• 3 main groups3 main groups– SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)
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GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANSGROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS
• 3 main groups3 main groups– SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)– CAECILLIAN (no legs)CAECILLIAN (no legs)
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GROUPS OF AMPHIBIANSGROUPS OF AMPHIBIANS
• 3 main groups3 main groups– SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)SALAMANDERS (have legs and tail)– CAECILLIAN (no legs)CAECILLIAN (no legs)– FROGS/TOADS (legs, no tail)FROGS/TOADS (legs, no tail)
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SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
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MUDPUPPYMUDPUPPY
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NEWTNEWT
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SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin
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SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin
• 400 species400 species
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SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin
• 400 species400 species
• Need to keep skin moistNeed to keep skin moist
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SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin
• 400 species400 species
• Need to keep skin moistNeed to keep skin moist
• Active during nightActive during night
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SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin
• 400 species400 species
• Need to keep skin moistNeed to keep skin moist
• Active during nightActive during night
• Tongues that extend to capture preyTongues that extend to capture prey
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SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin
• 400 species400 species
• Need to keep skin moistNeed to keep skin moist
• Active during nightActive during night
• Tongues that extend to capture preyTongues that extend to capture prey
• Lay eggs in water/moist areasLay eggs in water/moist areas
![Page 52: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail
• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin
• 400 species400 species
• Need to keep skin moistNeed to keep skin moist
• Active during nightActive during night
• Tongues that extend to capture preyTongues that extend to capture prey
• Lay eggs in water/moist areasLay eggs in water/moist areas
• External fertilizationExternal fertilization
![Page 53: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin• 400 species400 species• Need to keep skin moistNeed to keep skin moist• Active during nightActive during night• Tongues that extend to capture preyTongues that extend to capture prey• Lay eggs in water/moist areasLay eggs in water/moist areas• External fertilizationExternal fertilization• Female picks up sperm packet and Female picks up sperm packet and
fertilizes selffertilizes self
![Page 54: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
SALAMANDERSSALAMANDERS
• Long tailLong tail• Smooth, moist skinSmooth, moist skin• 400 species400 species• Need to keep skin moistNeed to keep skin moist• Active during nightActive during night• Tongues that extend to capture preyTongues that extend to capture prey• Lay eggs in water/moist areasLay eggs in water/moist areas• External fertilizationExternal fertilization• Female picks up sperm packet and fertilizes selfFemale picks up sperm packet and fertilizes self• Some retain gills into adulthood (MUD PUPPIES)Some retain gills into adulthood (MUD PUPPIES)
![Page 55: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)aquatic)
![Page 56: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
CAECILLIANCAECILLIAN
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CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)aquatic)
• Bony scales imbedded in skinBony scales imbedded in skin
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CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)aquatic)
• Bony scales imbedded in skinBony scales imbedded in skin
• WormlikeWormlike
![Page 59: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)aquatic)
• Bony scales imbedded in skinBony scales imbedded in skin
• WormlikeWormlike
• Most blindMost blind
![Page 60: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)aquatic)
• Bony scales imbedded in skinBony scales imbedded in skin
• WormlikeWormlike
• Most blindMost blind
• Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)
![Page 61: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
• Bony scales imbedded in skinBony scales imbedded in skin
• WormlikeWormlike
• Most blindMost blind
• Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)
• Tentacle to sense chemicals given off Tentacle to sense chemicals given off by preyby prey
![Page 62: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
• Bony scales imbedded in skinBony scales imbedded in skin
• WormlikeWormlike
• Most blindMost blind
• Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)
• Tentacle to sense chemicals given off by Tentacle to sense chemicals given off by preyprey
• Male deposits sperm packet into femaleMale deposits sperm packet into female
![Page 63: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
CAECILIANSCAECILIANS
• Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)Burrowing amphibians (some aquatic)
• Bony scales imbedded in skinBony scales imbedded in skin
• WormlikeWormlike
• Most blindMost blind
• Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)Teeth capture prey (worms/insects)
• Tentacle to sense chemicals given off by preyTentacle to sense chemicals given off by prey
• Male deposits sperm packet into femaleMale deposits sperm packet into female
• Female guards eggs until hatchedFemale guards eggs until hatched
![Page 64: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)
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FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)
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FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue
![Page 67: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)
![Page 68: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power
![Page 69: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power• Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skinFrog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin
![Page 70: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power• Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skinFrog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin• Male fertilizes eggs externallyMale fertilizes eggs externally
![Page 71: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power• Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skinFrog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin• Male fertilizes eggs externallyMale fertilizes eggs externally• TADPOLES hatch from eggsTADPOLES hatch from eggs
![Page 72: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power• Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skinFrog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin• Male fertilizes eggs externallyMale fertilizes eggs externally• TADPOLES hatch from eggsTADPOLES hatch from eggs
– Have gills for breathingHave gills for breathing
![Page 73: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power• Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skinFrog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin• Male fertilizes eggs externallyMale fertilizes eggs externally• TADPOLES hatch from eggsTADPOLES hatch from eggs
– Have gills for breathingHave gills for breathing– Eat algaeEat algae
![Page 74: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power• Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skinFrog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin• Male fertilizes eggs externallyMale fertilizes eggs externally• TADPOLES hatch from eggsTADPOLES hatch from eggs
– Have gills for breathingHave gills for breathing– Eat algaeEat algae– Hind legs developHind legs develop
![Page 75: AMPHIBIANS HOLT BIOLOGY CH. 30 Pg. 739-750. CHARACTERISTIC OF AMPHIBIANS LEGS (most) LEGS (most)](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062620/551b4545550346ae7a8b4c40/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
FROGS/TOADSFROGS/TOADS
• 4,000 species (ANURANS)4,000 species (ANURANS)• Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)Adults are carnivores (eat small prey)• Long sticky tongueLong sticky tongue• Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)Skeleton adapted for jumping (fused lower spine)• Muscular legs for powerMuscular legs for power• Frog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skinFrog-smooth skin, toad-bumpy skin• Male fertilizes eggs externallyMale fertilizes eggs externally• TADPOLES hatch from eggsTADPOLES hatch from eggs
– Have gills for breathingHave gills for breathing– Eat algaeEat algae– Hind legs developHind legs develop– METAMORPHOSISMETAMORPHOSIS