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1 © 2014 National Safety Council
Safe Principles of Working at Height-
International prospective
Eur Ing Namir George
MSc. MIChemE, FIOSH, RSP
Manager International Consulting Services
National Safety Council
2 © 2014 National Safety Council
• Chemical Engineer, MIChemE - UK
• MSc. Occupational Safety & Health, UK
FIOSH, RSP
• 34 years experience in EHS in various
industry sectors
• Joined National Safety Council in 2015 –
based in UK – international consulting
Namir George
3 © 2014 National Safety Council
Our Vision: Making Our World Safer
NATIONAL
SAFETY COUNCIL
Our Mission: The National Safety Council saves lives
by preventing injuries and deaths at
work, in homes and communities, and on
the roads, through leadership, research,
education and advocacy.
4 © 2014 National Safety Council
• Established 1913
• Head office in Chicago - USA
• Chartered 1954—Not for profit
• Funded—Membership, Training, Catalog,
Congress
• Departments – Workplace Safety,
Defensive Driving, Emergency Care
NATIONAL
SAFETY COUNCIL
5 © 2014 National Safety Council
• Partners internationally – in Turkey Kaya
Consulting
NATIONAL
SAFETY COUNCIL
6 © 2014 National Safety Council
• What is working at height
• What are the risks
• International Standards
• International Requirements
Objectives
7 © 2014 National Safety Council
7
Work at height is work in any place, including a place at, above or below ground level, where a person could be injured if they fell from that place.
Includes
Access and Egress
work at or below ground level
Does not include
Stairways or slips or trips on the level
What is
Working at Heights
8 © 2014 National Safety Council
What are the hazards
of working at height
• Employees put in dangerous positions
• Employees handling very heavy or
awkward loads causing falls or injury
• Falls due to collapses of partly built
permanent works
• Workers crushed by falling or otherwise
moving elements or equipment
9 © 2014 National Safety Council
What are the hazards
of working at height (Cont’d)
• Falling machinery or parts of machinery
• Falling loads
• Crushing due to impact of moving or toppling
plant and equipment
• Impact from release of pressure
• Falling from plant and equipment
• Falls caused by swinging loads, plant and
equipment
10 © 2014 National Safety Council
What are the hazards
of working at height (Cont’d)
• Limbs or bodies caught in parts of the
permanent works or machinery
• Physiological damage through exposure to
weather
• Poor ergonomics
• Physiological and psychological damage
through stress of dangerous work
• Stress caused by poor environment
• Others ??
11 © 2014 National Safety Council
International Standards
• UK – Working at Height Regulations
(WAHR) 2005
• USA – OSHA Sub part – M Fall Protection
1926.500-503
• ILO – Construction OS&H
• ANSI/ASSE Z359.0 – Z359.4 - 2007
• Others
12 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements UK
• Work at height means work in any place
where, if there were no precautions in
place, a person could fall a distance liable
to cause personal injury. For example you
are working at height if you:
– are working on a ladder or a flat roof;
– could fall through a fragile surface;
– could fall into an opening in a floor or a hole in
the ground. 12
13 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements UK (cont’d)
• Falls from height are one of the biggest
causes of workplace fatalities and major
injuries.
• Common causes are falls from ladders
and through fragile roofs.
• The purpose of WAHR is to prevent death
and injury from a fall from height.
13
14 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements UK (cont’d)
• Work is properly planned, supervised and
carried out by competent people.
• Employers and those in control must first assess
the risks.
• Take a sensible, pragmatic approach when
considering precautions for work at height.
Factors to consider:
– the duration and frequency; and
– the condition of the surface being worked on.
14
15 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements
under OSHA
• The Subpart M 1926.500 – 503 was revised
and its designed to prevent employees from
falling off, onto, or through working levels and to
protect employees from being struck by falling
objects.
• Why?
• Falls are the leading cause of fatalities in the
construction industry.
15
16 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements
under OSHA .. Cont’d
• Where protection is required, select fall protection
systems appropriate for given situations.
• Use proper construction and installation of safety
systems.
• Supervise employees properly.
• Use safe work procedures.
• Train workers in the proper selection, use, and
maintenance of all protection systems.
16
17 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements
under OSHA .. Cont’d
• Each employee less than 6 feet (1.8 m) above
dangerous equipment shall be protected from
falling into or onto the dangerous equipment by
guardrail systems or by equipment guards.
• Each employee 6 feet (1.8 m) or more above
dangerous equipment shall be protected from fall
hazards by guardrail systems, personal fall arrest
systems, or safety net systems.
17
18 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements
under ILO
Fall of materials
• Preventive measures should be taken against
the fall of workers and tools or other objects or
materials.
Openings
• All openings through which workers are liable to
fall should be kept effectively covered or fenced
and indicated in the most appropriate manner.
Train workers in the proper selection, use, and
maintenance of all protection systems.
18
19 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements
ANSI/ASSE Z359
Scope
• Guidelines and requirements for an employer’s
managed fall protection program covering:
– Policies
– Duties and training
– Fall protection
– Hazard elimination and control
– Rescue procedure
– Incident investigation
– Program evaluation 19
20 © 2014 National Safety Council
Requirements
ANSI/ASSE Z359
Fall of materials
• Preventive measures should be taken against
the fall of workers and tools or other objects or
materials.
Openings
• All openings through which workers are liable to
fall should be kept effectively covered or fenced
and indicated in the most appropriate manner.
Train workers in the proper selection, use, and
maintenance of all protection systems.
20
21 © 2014 National Safety Council
• Look for all work-at-grade alternatives
before beginning work at height.
• Fall hazards associated with working at
height shall be identified and mitigated
prior to beginning work, and personnel
must be protected by fall prevention or fall
protection systems.
• Personnel performing work-at-height shall
be competent in the roles for which they
are responsible, and must be trained in the
proper use, maintenance and inspection of
the equipment they will be required to use.
21
Work At Height Standard
22 © 2014 National Safety Council
• Awareness of the risks associated with working at height
• Knowledge of Work at Height safe requirements and practices
• Understanding of the control measures required for Work at Height
Summary
23 © 2014 National Safety Council
• Lets all double our efforts and
work together on our journey to
achieve Safety Excellence with
working at height .
Conclusion
24 © 2014 National Safety Council
Thank You
25 © 2014 National Safety Council
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