yoon shin kim and sung ho choi
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Yoon Shin Kim and Sung Ho Choi
Health Subjective Symptoms
using mobile phones among School Children
Institute of Environmental and Industrial Medicine,
College of Medicine, Hanyang University
Presented at International workshop
on Health Effects of EMF and
Bioelectromagnetic Environment
Educational Culture Hall
September 6, 2007
Contents
Backgrounds
Objectives
Materials and Methods
Results
Summary & Discussion
Backgrounds
Mobile phone(MP) use is rapidly increasing worldwide. With the increase in mobile phone use, potential concerns related to mobile phones continue to surface.
The currently available scientific evidence is not sufficient draw firm conclusions on potential health effects related to mobile phones (IEGMP, 2000;Ahlbom et al.,2004).
Special attention is given to potential adverse health effects among children due to potentially increased vulnerability of children to radiofrequency exposures and the expected much longer duration of exposure during their lifetime (Kheifets et al., 2005).
Use of mobile phone in children
Symptoms related mobile phone
Electrosensitivity covers symptoms attributed
by a person who suffers from being in the
vicinity or using electric equipment. It results in
varied degrees of discomfort or poor health
perceived (BBEMG, 2007).
In a previous cross-sectional study among 7800
mobile phone (MP) users in Sweden, about 13%
of the respondents reported at least one
symptom in connection with their MP use. The
most commonly reported symptoms were
warmth sensations on and around the ear,
burning sensations in the skin, and headaches
(Oftedal et al.,2000; Sandstrom et al., 2001).
Observational study about symptoms related mobile phone (Seitz, 2005)
Suspected reasons for subjective symptoms in switzerland
Why do we have to study children? (M.Roosli, 2006)
Increased sensitivity of children?
• deeper penetration relative to head size(more vulnerable areas?)
• developing nervous system (more vulnerable?)
• more conductive brain tissue (larger SAR?)
The lack of data causes conflicting recommendations from decision-makers
WHO/EMF-Net : A brain tumor study in children has a high priority in their research recommendation
Use of mobile phone is very prevalent among children and adolescents
Objectives
The objective of this study is to
assess the use of mobile phone
and investigate the relationship
between mobile phone use and
health related symptoms.
Materials and Methods
Questionnaire study
• Subject : 700 school children (4 schools, Incheon, Suncheon, sixth grade, age 11~12 years)
• Health Questionnaire item : Headache, Dizzness, Problems in concentration, Nervousness, Physical fatigue, Memory loss, Ear burning sensation, Face burning sensation, Dry skin, Face irritation, Eye problems (Jonna Wilen, 2003)
• Statistical analysis : Proc Freq/chisq analysis (SAS version 9)
EEG/ECG test
• Voulnteer : Mobile phone user (8 boys /16 girls) Non user (8 boys /16 girls) →1:1matching
• EEG index : Absolute power, relative power & SEF 90
• ECG index : Low/high frequency, SDNN(Standard deviation of R-R interval), LF/HF ratio, m-RRI(Mean R-R interval), MEF(Median edge frequency)
• Statistical analysis : Proc ttest analysis(SAS version 9)
Sleep quality study
• Subjective record during one month
(Good, Normal, Bad)
• Statistical analysis
: Proc ttest analysis(SAS version 9)
(1) Questionnaire study
- General characteristics -
General characteristics by mobile phone owner and User
Health related index by Mobile phone user
Subjective symptoms by frequency of mobile phone use
(2) EEG & ECG Test
- General characteristics -
EEG results by mobile phone users and nonusers
ECG results by mobile phone users and nonusers
Health related symptoms and sleep quality by mobile phone users and nonusers
(3) Sleep quality Test
Summary & Discussion
Questionnaire study
MP user
MP nonuser
EEG & ECG test
MP user
MP nonuser
There is no significant differenceson subjective symptoms such asdizzness, headache, memory loss,and so on
There is no significant differenceson EEG index such as absolutepower, relative power, SEF90 andECG index such as LF, HF, SDNN,M-RRI, LF/HF
Sleep quality study
MP user
MP nonuser
The reason about no significant difference between MP users and nonusers is that EEG & ECG may affect acutely on radiofrequency electromagnetic field.
So, we will continue to study on studying ability and cognitive test.
There is no significant differenceson subjective record during one month
This preliminary study is first reported on the
percent of mobile phone ownership, pattern of
use and health related symptoms among
elementary school children in Korea.
The further study is needed to understand study ability of school children between MP user and non-user.
If research ethical approval can be obtained, acute effects on cognition and EEGs should be investigated in children exposed to RF fields in the future.
Thank you !!
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