yobe state ministry of health situation report
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YOBE STATE MINISTRY OF HEALTH Situation Report
TITLE Cholera Outbreak Situation Report
SERIAL NUMBER 04
EPI- WEEK 44 DATE 7 November 2021
Highlights: • One Hundred and forty-three (143) suspected cases, and four (4) deaths were reported in week 44
• This represents a 57% increase in the number of cases compared to the preceding week (91 cases were
reported in week 43)
• The cumulative number of suspected cholera cases is now 3,893 with 90 cholera-associated deaths (CFR- 2.3%),
reported from 15 out of 17 LGAs of the state.
• The SMOH, SPHCMB, with support from partners, continuous preparations for the 2nd round of OCV campaign
targeting 141,556 people in the 11 political wards of Damaturu LGA. The SPHCMB vaccinated up to 141,555
people in the first round of the campaign.
• The SPHCMB, with support from WHO and partners, continues Active Case Search and referral in 6 high-burden LGAs. The teams identified 143 suspected cholera cases and reached up to 6,369 households with cholera prevention messages
• Yobe SMOH and SPHCMB, with support from WHO and partners, continues weekly multi-sectoral cholera
response coordination meetings in the State Emergency Operations Center (EOC) with the Ministry of Water
Resources, relevant agencies, health and WASH partners, and other stakeholders
• The SMWR is mapping water points, conducting water sample analysis, and chlorinating water sources in high-
burden LGAs.
Epidemiological Summary: As of week 44, the total number of suspected cholera cases in Yobe is 3,893, and 90 associated deaths (CFR 2.3%):
From the beginning of the outbreak in week 22 to the end of week 44 (7 November 2021), 894 cases were reported
in Damaturu (10 affected wards), 320 cases in Potiskum (8 affected wards), 660 cases in Nguru (9 affected wards)
and 395 cases in Jakusko (10 affected wards). 223 cases were reported in Nangere (8 affected wards), 201 cases in
Bade (9 affected wards), 156 cases in Machina (2 affected wards), and 153 cases in Bursari (6 affected wards).
Furthermore, 160 cases were reported in Fune (10 affected wards), 155 cases in Yunusari (1 affected ward), 130
cases in Gujba (9 affected wards), and 109 cases were reported in Karasuwa (6 affected wards). In Geidam LGA,
104 cases were reported (in 5 affected wards), 89 cases were reported in Fika (6 affected wards) and 144 cases
were reported in Gulani (8 affected wards).
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Figure 1: Epi-curve of Suspected Cholera Cases in Yobe State @ week 44
Table1: Summary of suspected cholera cases in Yobe State from May to 7 November 2021
Figure 2: Trend in number of cases per LGAs
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19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44
Sus_Chol_Cases Confirm_Chol._Cases Deaths
Bade Bursari Damaturu Fune Geidam Jakusko Karasuwa Machina Nangere Nguru Potiskum Yunusari Fika Gulani Gujba Total
New suspected cholera cases 4 0 11 0 0 7 0 0 0 67 0 0 6 35 13 143
Cumulative suspected cholera
cases201 153 894 160 104 395 109 156 223 660 320 155 89 130 144 3,893
New deaths 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 4
Cumulative deaths 10 8 13 1 4 8 1 5 4 18 4 4 2 0 4 90
Number of specimen tested
(RDT) 9 11 75 0 8 10 2 4 95 3 10 3 14 7 4 255
Specimen Positive RDT 5 11 60 0 3 9 2 3 41 3 9 1 13 4 3 167
Number of samples cultured 9 11 77 0 8 10 2 4 95 3 10 3 14 7 4 257
Specimen Positive Culture 5 11 62 0 3 9 2 3 41 3 9 1 13 4 3 169
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Figure 2a | Sex Distribution of Suspected Cholera Cases Figure 2b | Age Distribution of Suspected Cholera Cases
Figure 3: Map of Yobe State Showing the Number of suspected cholera cases reported by LGA
54%46% F
M
1% 13%
13%
12%
61%
<1Yr 1-4Yr 5-9Yr 10-14Yr 15Yr &+
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Figure 4: Risk Mapping of Yobe LGAs
Figure 5: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Bade LGA. Figure 6: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Bursari LGA.
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Figure 7: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Damaturu LGA. Figure 8: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Fune LGA.
Figure 9: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Potiskum LGA. Figure 10: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Geidam LGA.
Figure 11: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Jakusko LGA Figure 12: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Karasuwa LGA
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Figure 13: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Machina LGA Figure 14: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Nangere LGA
Figure 15: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Nguru LGA Figure 16: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Yunusari LGA
Figure 17: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Gulani LGA Figure 18: Epi-curve of suspected cholera cases in Fika LGA
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Response Activities Leadership and Coordination:
Yobe SMOH and SPHCMB, with support from WHO and partners, are conducting regular weekly multi-sectoral
cholera response coordination meetings in the State Emergency Operations Center (EOC) with the Ministry of
Water Resources, relevant agencies, health and WASH partners, and other stakeholders in attendance
Supported regular LGA level cholera coordination meetings and scale-up community-based response with
partners and community stakeholders
Conducted supervisory and monitoring visits to support LGA RRTs and CTUs in high-burden LGAs
Yobe SMOH strengthens the linkage between the policy-making and operational aspects of the response.
Yobe SMOH, in collaboration with YOSEMA and UNOCHA, is strengthening the participation of Civil Society
Organizations (CSOs) and community groups in the Cholera response through the network of CSOs in the state.
Surveillance:
The SPHCMB, with support from WHO and partners, conducted Active Case Search and contact tracing in 6 high-burden LGAs. The teams identified 143 suspected cholera cases and reached up to 6,369 households with cholera prevention messages.
The State surveillance team, with support from WHO, CDC-AFENET, ALIMA, and other partners, is conducting outbreak investigation and referral in settlements and wards in the 15 affected LGAs.
The SPCHMB is supporting LGA RRTs and mobile Hard-To-Reach (HTR) teams to undertake rapid response and investigations of alerts in remote and partially accessible communities and settlements.
The SMOH, SMOH, and WHO deployed 55 volunteers to support enhanced surveillance in 6 high-burden LGAs
The identified priority areas were communicated to WASH and risk communication teams to scale up the
response.
• Conducting regular analysis and dissemination of epidemiologic data to guide WASH and other sectoral
interventions.
Laboratory and Diagnostic Support:
The SMOH, SPHCMB, and WHO are supporting sample collection and transportation from LGAs to the State
Molecular Laboratory
Two hundred and fifty-five (255) samples were tested with cholera RDT, and one hundred and sixty-seven (167)
samples returned positive, representing 65.5% of the samples tested
Two hundred and fifty-seven (257) samples were cultured, one hundred sixty-nine (169) samples were positive
for Vibro cholerae sp., representing 65.8% of the samples tested.
The State Laboratory Technical Working Group (TWG) is conducting regular meetings to review activities and
commodity stock management practices.
Case Management and Infection Prevention and Control (IPC):
Nguru Jakusko Damaturu Bade Potiskum
# of New Admission 46 7 11 4 0
# of New Discharge 21 6 10 1 0
# of Patient(s) on Admission 25 1 1 3 0
In week 44, 68 patients were admitted, 38 were discharged, and 30 remained on admission in CTCs/CTUs across the
state.
The SMOH distributed case management commodities- IVF, ORS, drugs, and consumables to CTCs/CTU.
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The SMOH and SPHCMB distributed case management drugs and commodities to Bursari, Damaturu, Nangere,
Potiskum, Jakusko, Nguru, and Machina LGAs.
The SMOH, HMB, and the WHO teams conducted supportive supervision in CTCs/CTUs where 30 clinicians (doctors
and nurses) were trained on Cholera Case Management and Infection Prevention and Control (IPC).
WASH Interventions: The SMWR, in collaboration with UNICEF and AAH, distributed Aquatabs in affected settlements and households.
The SMWR, with support from IRC, UNICEF, Mercy Corps, and AAH, has trained and deployed 124 hygiene promoters
to improve hygiene practices in eight affected LGAs.
The SMWR and LGA teams, with support from Solidarites International (SI) and AAH, are conducting house-to-house
sensitization on environmental sanitation and chlorinating water sources in affected settlements.
The LGA IPC and Sanitation teams are conducting decontamination and disinfection activities in affected households
and CTCs.
The State Ministry of Environment and Yobe State Environmental Protection Agency (YOSEPA) have commenced
house-to-house inspections by Environmental Health Officers (EHO) and community leaders.
The SMWR is mapping water points, conducting water sample analysis, and chlorinating water sources in high-
burden LGAs.
Oral Cholera Vaccination (OCV): The SMOH, SPHCMB, with support from partners, continuous preparations for the 2nd round of OCV campaign
targeting 141,556 people in the 11 political wards of Damaturu LGA. The SPHCMB vaccinated up to 141,555 people
in the first round of the campaign.
The 2nd phase of vaccination would be implemented by 189 teams and supported by seven (7) state supervisory teams and four (4) independent monitors.
Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE):
The SPHCMB, with support from UNICEF, has deployed IEC materials (flipcharts) for house-house sensitization.
The State and LGA teams have conducted advocacy and sensitization visits to traditional and religious leaders to
scale up community sensitization and adherence to preventive measures by their populace.
The SPHCMB, with support from WHO, UNICEF, and IRC, has deployed HTR teams, VCMs, field volunteers to scale up
house-house sensitization and hygiene promotion in remote and security-compromised communities.
The SPHCMB and NOA, with support from WHO Community Health Champions and UNICEF VCMS, have conducted
house-to-house sensitization in high-burden LGAs
IRC, ALIMA, and SI have distributed cholera prevention materials to health facilities, schools, and motor parks in
Damaturu, Gujba, Potiskum, Bade, and Nguru LGAs
The SMOH, with support from UNICEF and Mercy Corps, is facilitating the airing of jingles and phone-in programs by
Yobe State Broadcasting Cooperation (YBC) and Sunshine FM in Potiskum.
The LGA teams, with support from UNICEF, WHO, and IRC, are conducting motorized sensitization campaigns in high-
burden LGAs
Challenges: Insecurity and bad geographical terrain affecting contact tracing and surveillance in remote and security-compromised
communities and LGAs
Inadequate support to scale-up Active Case Search in the nine (9) remaining affected LGAs
Inadequate commodities and resources to sustain high-level IPC in communities and health facilities
Inadequate support to build the capacity of health workers at primary and secondary levels on Cholera case detection,
case management, and IPC. Inadequate cholera RDT kits in the state.
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Inadequate resources and partners to sustain high-level WASH interventions across the 15 affected LGAs
Next Steps: Strengthen inter-ministerial coordination and collaboration between health, WASH, and related sector partners.
Strengthen the integration of response activities at LGA and community levels
Strengthen LGA RRTs to lead and sustain cholera response interventions with partners and community stakeholders at
the LGA and community levels
Strengthen community engagement and sensitization, and other risk communication activities in all high-burden LGAs
Procure additional RDTs, drugs, and commodities for case management and IPC, and ensure an efficient supply chain
for the cholera outbreak response
Provide more capacity-building support for CTC clinicians, frontline health workers, and partners to sustain quality case
management and IPC
SMOH and partners to engage additional ACS teams to enhance surveillance in the remaining nine affected LGAs
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