y10 inheritance & species survival

Writing reasons why some survived and others did not.Why did were some eggs easily found and others not?Which eggs would be most likely to live on?Why, where, how?Is an Evolution of the eggs needed?

Think about colour, location, shape, size, environment, predators (you) access,

Write or draw an example of another situation where genes affect survival. Explain why, influences, result.

Natural Selection Individuals with these particular characteristics are

said to be better adapted to the environment. Individuals with unfavourable characteristics will

usually die before they are able to reproduce.

Revision

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) Review A karyotype is the number and appearance

of chromosomes in the nucleus. It is the complete set of chromosomes in a

species, or an individual organism. A chromosome is an organized structure of

coiled DNA and protein found in cells.

DNA Review DNA Constructed of Rungs & Rails’ Rungs are a pair of bases

A (Adenine) is paired with T (Thymine) G (Guanine) is paired with C (Cytosine)

DNA is a BLUEPRINT of how to build the body.

It stores/determines the biological characteristics of any living thing

Cell replication The body grows and repairs itself through cell

division. A parent cell divides into 2 daughter cells A process know as mitosis for normal cells DNA is replicated and separated into 2 cells

so all the Blueprints/information is there. 1 Parent cell forms 2 Identical Daughter cells

GenesGenes are passed on through DNA.A long long strand of DNA twisted and

twisted form a chromosomeHow many Chromosomes do we have?46, 23 pairs.What can occur if cells have an extra

chromosome?

Dominance and recessive geneA DOMINANCE allele covers up the

recessive form.A DOMINANCE allele is

represented in CAPITALSA recessive allele is represented in

lower case

Phenotypes and genotypesPhenotype – is the physical

characteristic of the gene ie attached lobe

Genotype is the combination of alleles (genes) that make up the gene – represented in letters. LL, Ll (lL), ll

Phenotype – is the physical characteristic/appearance of the gene ie attached lobe

Genotype is the combination of alleles (genes) that make up the gene – represented in letters. LL, Ll (lL), ll

Question time Two black fish look the same but have

different genotypes. The fish with genotype BB is said to be homozygous, or pure breeder because both the alleles for the skin colour gene are the same. The other fish is said to be heterozygous or Hybrid, because its two alleles for skin colour gene are different.

What offspring can occur when the fish cross breed, that is BB & Bb.

What offspring can occur when 2 heterozygous breed?

Incomplete DominanceIncomplete dominance is a condition when neither

allele inherited is dominant or recessive over the other

This will result in a blend/fusion of characteristicsAn example of this is in snapdragons, a flower where

its colour can be red, pink, or white. A white (WW) snapdragon crossed with a red (RR)

snapdragon produces all pink offspring The heterozygous (RW) condition results in pink

flowers.

CodominanceWhen both alleles contribute to

the phenotype of an organismEx.) Speckled Chickens

Human Blood TypesPhenotype Genotype

A

B

AB

O

IAIA or IAi

IBIB or IBi

IAIB

ii

Genetics and the EnvironmentThe characteristics of any organism, is

not only determined by the genes it inherits

Characteristics are determined by interactions between genes and the environment

Ex.) genes may affect a plants height but the same characteristic is influenced by climate, soil conditions and availability of water

Genetics and the Environment – Evolution

The best adapted organisms are those that survive environmental changes and pass on favourable characteristics to their offspring

2 colour types of Frogs in the world. Green and earth.

Which frog would be more likely to be found in the outback? Why?

Which frog would be existiant in the forest? Why?

If all the forests died which frog would survive? Why?

Genetics and the Environment – Evolution

2 colour types of Frogs in the world. Green and earth.

Which frog would be more likely to be found in the outback? Why?

Which frog would be existiant in the forest? Why?

If all the forests died which frog would survive? Why?

Genetics and the Environment – Evolution

The Movie 300.Is this a form of Evolution or Selecting

genes?Would this lead a form of evolution?

Finished

Red hair is a recessive gene and Brown hair is a dominate gene.If your parents both have Brown hair is it possible for you to have red hair? Answer yes or no.Give Reasoning as to why and show diagram of how this can occur.Show one example of how it will not be possible for you to have red hair.