world water online proposing a distributed system for global water information presented by:...

World Water OnlineProposing A Distributed System for Global Water Information

Presented by: Fernando R. SalasPrepared by: Fernando R. Salas and David R. MaidmentUniversity of Texas at AustinGEOSS Standards and Interoperability ForumOctober 18th, 2011

WWO

World Water Online within the GEOSS Framework

We Collect Lots of Observations Data in Hydrology

Water Quantity Rainfall Soil Water

Water Quality Meteorology Groundwater

…The Consortium of Universities for the Advancements of Hydrologic Science Inc. (CUAHSI) is a consortium of 125 universities

working together to advance hydrologic science in the United States…

http://his.cuahsi.org

How the Web Works

HTML – web language for text

and pictures

Catalog

BrowserWeb Server

Harv

estin

g Search

Access

Services Oriented Architecture for Water Data

WaterML – web language for water

data

Catalog

UserServer

Harv

estin

g Search

Access

WaterML as a Web Language

Discharge of the San Marcos River at Luling, TX June 28 - July 18, 2002

USGS Streamflow data in WaterML

The USGS now publishes its time series data as WaterML web services

CUAHSI Water Data Services Catalog

69 public services18,000 variables1.9 million sites23 million series

5.1 billion data valuesAnd growing

All the data comes out in WaterML

The largest water datacatalog in the world

Open Geospatial Consortium – Web Service Standards

• Map Services

• Web Map Service (WMS)• Web Feature Service (WFS)• Web Coverage Service

(WCS)• Catalog Services for the Web

(CS/W)

• Observation Services

• Observations and Measurements Model

• Sensor Web Enablement (SWE)• Sensor Observation Service

(SOS)• WaterML2 – Fall 2011

Web Services Stack for Time Series

OGC Catalog Service for the Web with standard metadata: ISO, Dublin Core, ..

Time Series Services

Catalog (CSW)

Metadata (WFS)

Data (WaterML)

Who? What?

Where? When?

Access Data

Water Agency StacksEach Agency Maintains Their Own Data and Metadata

USGS NCDC TWDB

MetaCatalog is a listing of the URL addresses of all agency catalogs

Structure is similar to GEOSS

Searching Federal, State and Local Data

Catalog

Metadata

We Study the Earth System

World Water Online

Models

Water

Climate

Geospatial

Flooding, Water Availability, Water Quality

Observation Sites, Structures, Streamflow, Groundwater, Water Quality

Temperature, Evaporation, Precipitation, Soil Water, Solar Radiation

Elevation, River Networks, Watersheds, Land Cover, Land Use

Inspired by Rob Vertessy, CSIRO, Australia

World Water Online

Climate Data• Many groups distribute climate

data (national and global data)• Precipitation, Evaporation,

Temperature etc.• Observations (i.e. GPCC),

Remote Sensing, Models/Reanalysis (i.e. CFSR) and Predictions (i.e. IPCC)

• Which products should be used within a global system?

The Digital Divide

Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

Climate Observations and Grids

Remote Sensing

Observations and Time Series

Interoperability Challenges

Observations Data

• Measures variables over a discrete space-time domain

• Stored in tables, relational databases and geodatabases

Gridded Data

• Measures variables over a continuous space-time domain

• Stored in large multi-dimensional arrays in specialized formats

How can we connect these very different worlds together?

Observations Data Information Model

Data Source United States Geological Survey (USGS)

Network National Water Information System – Unit Values

Sites Colorado River at Austin

Variables Streamflow

Values 2,500 cfs at 8:30 am onJune 19th, 2011

Multisensor Precipitation Estimate (MPE) West Gulf River Forecast Center

Exported by NWS to CUAHSI Observations Data Model and WaterML web services at University of Texas at Arlington

Capital Area Council of Governments (CAPCOG)

19

Situational Awareness for Flash Flooding in the CAPCOG region

Combines federal, river authority, city and water district data ….…. to support real-time flood emergency response 20

National Weather Service,USGS, Corps of Engineers

Rainfall in Cypress Creek WatershedDrainage area – 38 Sq. Mi.

“Virtual Rain Gages”— Nexrad Radar Rainfall points

Time Series of Rainfall

Data obtained via WaterML web service from NWS and UT Arlington 21

Data Source National Climatic Data Center (NCDC)

Dataset North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR)

Grid Size 32 kilometer

Variables Temperature

Values78 deg. Fahrenheit at 8:00 am onJune 15th, 2000

Gridded Data Information Model

Time 1

NARR

WFS

WFS

Building a Series Catalog for Observations Data

Datacart – a collection of data series organized thematically

Observations Metadata Catalog- Source- Site Name- Location (Lat/Long)- Variable Name- Variable Units- Concept- Start Date- End Date- WaterML URI

WFSWFS

WFSWFS

Building a Series Catalog for Gridded Data

Datacart – a collection of data series organized thematically

Observations Metadata Catalog- Source- Coverage Name- Location (Lat/Long Box)- Variable Name- Variable Units- Concept- Start Date- End Date- WCS URI

Services Stack Framework

• Catalog Services for the Web (CSW) enable metadata services describing observations data to be registered in a catalog of services.

• Web Feature Services (WFS) enable data services to be completely described by metadata in a series catalog.

• Sensor Observation Services (SOS) and Web Coverage Services (WCS) enable observations and climate data to be conveyed through the internet in a standardized manner.

Catalog

Metadata

Data

Services

CSW

WFS

SOS

Catalog

Metadata

Data

Services

CSW

WFS

WCS

Building a Catalog of Services

WFS

WFS

CSWTime Series Raster Series

THREDDS ServersHydroServers

WaterML

NetCDF

One Common Ontology

CUAHSIOntology

Precipitation Precipitation

Streamflow

Turbidity SnowCloud Cover

PrecipRainfallRainTotal Precip

PrecipRainfall

RainTotal Precip

HydroPortal – A Catalog Service

…enables data discovery across multiple data sources and types…

Geoportal Extension of ArcGIS implements Catalog Services for the Web (CSW)

• Lots of geospatial data available• Organized at national and global scales

• GIS is moving to the web – desktop to websites• ESRI has created ArcGISOnline - a platform for sharing geospatial

data (features, rasters, maps, databases etc.)• Publish, manage, share, discover, access

• ArcGIS World Elevation Services

Geospatial Data

IntelligentWeb Maps

Geospatial Data for the World• Global Elevation Data

• 90 meter, 30 meter, 5 meter• National and International River

Networks• Geometry (xy coordinates),

Logic (topology) and Address (linear referencing)

• Cell to cell, line to line, polygon to line

• Global delineation services• Watersheds and catchments

Water Data via The Web• Elevation Data Services

• Watershed• River Network• Cross-Sections

• Climate Data Services• Observation Data Services

• Precipitation• Streamflow

• Modeling

World Water Online

Models

Water

Climate

Geospatial

Flooding, Water Availability, Water Quality

Observation Sites, Structures, Streamflow, Groundwater, Water Quality

Temperature, Evaporation, Precipitation, Soil Water, Solar Radiation

Elevation, River Networks, Watersheds

Inspired by Rob Vertessy, CSIRO, Australia

World Water Online

National Water Resources Information System

Template

World Water Online

World Water Online

Questions?

WWO

Contact: Fernando Salas (salas@mail.utexas.edu) or David Maidment (maidment@mail.utexas.edu)