world semester 1 review
Post on 07-Jan-2016
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What was groundbreaking about the development of
democracy?
• People were governed by councils, instead of by an absolute ruler.
A political system in which representatives are elected by the people follows the model
of
• a republic.
“We, the Japanese people… do proclaim that sovereign power resides with the people and do
firmly establish this Constitution.”—The Constitution of Japan, 1946
What principle is reflected in the quotation from the Japanese
Constitution?
• popular sovereignty
The U.S. Constitution reflects the principle of _____ by
sharing power between the national and state
governments.
• federalism
The division of South Korea’s government into three
branches with distinct powers reflects the principle of
• separation of powers
European intellectual movement that emphasized the
responsibility of government to protect people’s natural rights
was called the
• Enlightenment.
The phrase “natural rights” is original to and central to the
writings of which philosopher?
• John Locke
The ideas of Locke and Rousseau influenced ____ in his commitment to fight for
democratic revolution in Latin America.
• Simón Bolívar
The American Declaration of Independence and the French
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen both
• emphasize the rights of the individual.
English colonists in America expected to have
representative government in the colonies because
• there was a tradition of representative government in England.
John Adams, second U.S. president, said that even before
the War for Independence began, “The Revolution was in the
hearts and minds of the people.” What is the best way to
paraphrase Adams’s meaning? • The American Revolution was rooted in
people’s beliefs.
Which document was written before all the others?
Articles of ConfederationU.S. Constitution
Declaration of IndependenceUnited States Bill of Rights
• Declaration of Independence
What was a direct effect of increased food production
during Europe’s Agricultural Revolution?
• The population increased.
A defining feature of Europe’s Industrial Revolution was that many commercial goods were
made by ____.
• machine
What impact did the steam engine have on the growth of
industry?
• provided an efficient source of power
In Great Britain, the Factory Act of 1819 declared it illegal for children to work more than 12 hours a day. What does the act suggest about
labor conditions at that time?
• Some children spent more than half of each day working.
In 1902, Pennsylvania coal miners refused to work,
returning to their jobs only when guaranteed a 10 percent pay
increase and reduction of hours. The miners’ action is an example
of• a strike.
“They are the leaders on the way to material progress . . . . They guess what the consumers
would like to have and are intent on providing them with these things.”
—from Human Action: A Treatise onEconomics, Ludwig von Mises
According to the quotation, what skill is important to a business leader?
• an understanding of people’s needs
What was the relationship between work and property in
a utopian community?
• People worked together and shared their property.
Which economic system emerged in Europe as a
response to both capitalist and socialist ideals?
• social democracy
Which would have been the most likely subject for a classical painter?
a farmer milking a cowfolk dancing
ancient Greek philosophersa sunset over magnificent mountains
• ancient Greek philosophers
European Romanticism celebrated the beauty of nature at a time when
• industrialization was polluting the land.
What geography-related goal most motivated 19th-century European
imperialists?exploration of major waterways
exploration of inland areasdiscovery of shorter trade routes
control of trade routes
• control of trade routes
Christian missionaries in colonized lands, in the 1800s,wanted people in other lands
to
• become Christians.
A 19th-century English Social Darwinist would say that his
or her nation’s power was proof of
• its superiority.
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